416 lines
44 KiB
XML
416 lines
44 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0A2094184DE8E14EB2592BEE2E5071A4">A hotspot of endemism: Oreophytic Taraxacum species (Compositae, Crepidinae) in the mountains of Bulgaria</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1D69E57F4EA9195EF26299E227D3A397">Štěpánek, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BF0B6F2057A51F12B71078AE5886C974" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4038-1998</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="D0926009CB31B1690791A7B88738E380">Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ- 25243 Průhonice 1, Czech Republic. & jan. stepanek @ ibot. cas. cz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4038 - 1998</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="48641AF7763E72A197ED07B294BCF7C3">Kirschner, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ED62B05726223C4F584EFB929C4DEC36">Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ- 25243 Průhonice 1, Czech Republic. & jan. kirschner @ ibot. cas. cz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6303 - 713 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1CBE3FE5A8AB03AF194539A038155EFE">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03B73C51675FFFF3FF78FD0FFA24FD4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7250461" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203224042" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7250461" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B73C51675FFFF3FF78FD0FFA24FD4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B73C51675FFFF3FF78FD0FFA24FD4F" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF78FD0FFF2AFD2F" bold="true" box="[136,162,686,712]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">B.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FF59FD0EFD56FD2E" authority="Christiansen (1942: 255)" authorityName="Christiansen" authorityPageNumber="255" authorityYear="1942" box="[169,734,686,713]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Crocea">
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF59FD0EFE48FD2F" bold="true" box="[169,448,686,713]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF59FD0EFEA4FD2E" bold="true" box="[169,300,687,713]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Taraxacum</emphasis>
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sect.
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FE9EFD0FFE48FD2F" bold="true" box="[366,448,686,712]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Crocea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8FF0B6675FFFF0FE37FD0FFD56FD2E" author="Christiansen, M. P." box="[455,734,686,713]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="229 - 343" refId="ref90837" refString="Christiansen, M. P. (1942) The Taraxacum-flora of Iceland. In: Grontved, J., Paulsen, O. & Sorensen, T. The Botany of Iceland, Vol. 3 (3). Einar Munksgaard, Copenhagen, pp. 229 - 343 + 44 plates" type="book chapter" year="1942">Christiansen (1942: 255)</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF78FD74FD72FD0D" blockId="29.[136,1452,686,1030]" box="[136,762,725,747]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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≡
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FF6CFD77FD72FD0D" authority="(M. P. Christ.) Richards (1972: 38)" authorityName="Richards" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="M. P. Christ." box="[156,762,725,747]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSection" subSection="Crocea">
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subsect.
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FEAFFD74FE2DFD0D" box="[351,421,725,746]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Crocea</emphasis>
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(M. P. Christ.)
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8FF0B6675FFFF0FDCAFD74FD72FD0D" author="Richards, A. J." box="[570,762,725,747]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="37 - 45" refId="ref93333" refString="Richards, A. J. (1972) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Taraxacum (Compositae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 65: 37 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1972. tb 00922. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Richards (1972: 38)</bibRefCitation>
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:—
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FF29FD58FDE0FCEA" ID-CoL="8VCMV" authority="Dahlstedt (1901: 12)" authorityName="Dahlstedt" authorityPageNumber="12" authorityYear="1901" box="[217,616,760,782]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="croceum">
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF29FD58FE14FCE9" box="[217,412,761,782]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Taraxacum croceum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8FF0B6675FFFF0FE52FD59FDE0FCEA" author="Dahlstedt, H." box="[418,616,760,782]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="12 - 16" refId="ref90892" refString="Dahlstedt, H. (1901) Taraxacum. In: Andersson, G. & Hesselman, H., Bidrag till kannedomen Spetsbergens och Beeren Eilands karlvaxtflora. Bihang till K. Svenska Vet. - Akad. Handlingar, sect. III, 26: 12 - 16." type="journal article" year="1901">Dahlstedt (1901: 12)</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF78FCBDFF32FCD6" bold="true" box="[136,186,796,817]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type</emphasis>
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:—
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[Hälsingland],
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,
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. Östman
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</emphasis>
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(
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!,
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, designated by
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&
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<collectorName id="26EBE891675FFFF0FF4DFC9CFE99FCB3" box="[189,273,829,852]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Øllgaard</collectorName>
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1999: 74)
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FF6CFCC3FDE1FC90" authority="van Soest (1959: 103)" authorityName="van Soest" authorityPageNumber="103" authorityYear="1959" box="[156,617,866,888]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Fontana">
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF6CFCC3FE8FFC90" box="[156,263,866,887]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Taraxacum</emphasis>
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sect.
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FECEFCC3FE07FC90" box="[318,399,866,887]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fontana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8FF0B6675FFFF0FE65FCC3FDE1FC90" author="van Soest, J. L." box="[405,617,866,888]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="77 - 138" refId="ref94892" refString="van Soest, J. L. (1959) Alpine species of Taraxacum. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 8: 77 - 138. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1438 - 8677.1959. tb 00013. x" type="journal article" year="1959">van Soest (1959: 103)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF78FC24FD43FC7C" blockId="29.[136,1452,686,1030]" box="[136,715,901,923]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0EAA69675FFFF0FF78FC24FD43FC7C" box="[136,715,901,923]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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≡
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABFAB56675FFFF0FF6CFC27FD43FC7C" author="Doll, R." box="[156,715,901,923]" page=")" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1982">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FF6CFC27FD43FC7C" authority="(van Soest) Doll (1982: 538)" authorityName="Doll" authorityPageNumber="538" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="van Soest" box="[156,715,901,923]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSection" subSection="Fontana">
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF6CFC27FE8FFC7C" box="[156,263,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Taraxacum</emphasis>
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subsect.
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<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FEAFFC27FE38FC7C" box="[351,432,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fontana</emphasis>
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(van Soest)
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8FF0B6675FFFF0FDD9FC24FD43FC7C" author="Doll, R." box="[553,715,901,923]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="481 - 624" refId="ref91315" refString="Doll, R. (1982) Grundriss der Evolution der Gattung Taraxacum Zinn. Feddes Repertorium 93: 481 - 624. [https: // onlinelibrary. wiley. com / doi / pdf / 10.1002 / fedr. 19820930702] https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 19820930702" type="journal article" year="1982">Doll (1982: 538)</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF78FC09FD4BFC5A" blockId="29.[136,1452,686,1030]" box="[136,707,936,958]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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</emphasis>
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:—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FF29FC08FD4BFC5A" ID-CoL="54V2B" authority="Handel-Mazzetti (1907: 100)" authorityName="Handel-Mazzetti" authorityPageNumber="100" authorityYear="1907" box="[217,707,936,958]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fontanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF29FC08FE2DFC5A" box="[217,421,936,958]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Taraxacum fontanum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FF0B6675FFFF0FE5BFC09FD4BFC5A" author="Handel-Mazzetti, H." box="[427,707,936,958]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref91851" refString="Handel-Mazzetti, H. (1907) Monographie der Gattung Taraxacum. Franz Deuticke, Leipzig & Wien, xi + 175 pp. + 7 plates. [https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / records / item / 10236]" type="book" year="1907">Handel-Mazzetti (1907: 100)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304DECC675FFFF0FF78FC6AFAEDFBE3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF78FC6AFAEDFBE3" blockId="29.[136,1452,686,1030]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B76871A675FFFF0FF78FC6AFAE9FBE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3944876547" collectingDate="1903-07-23" collectionCode="H, WU" collectorName="Kirschner & Stepanek" country="Austria" county="Innsbruck" elevation="1800" location="Type" municipality="Kaserl im Sendersthal" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<location id="8EC1DB9C675FFFF0FF78FC6AFF32FC06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B73C51675FFFF3FF78FD0FFA24FD4F:8EC1DB9C675FFFF0FF78FC6AFF32FC06" box="[136,186,971,993]" country="Austria" county="Innsbruck" municipality="Kaserl im Sendersthal" name="Type" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type</location>
|
||
:—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309CDD7675FFFF0FF26FC6AFE97FC06" box="[214,287,971,993]" name="Austria" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, an feuchten
|
||
<location id="8EC1DB9C675FFFF0FE6EFC6AFE69FC06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B73C51675FFFF3FF78FD0FFA24FD4F:8EC1DB9C675FFFF0FE6EFC6AFE69FC06" box="[414,481,971,993]" country="Austria" county="Innsbruck" municipality="Kaserl im Sendersthal" name="Stellen" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Stellen</location>
|
||
zwischen
|
||
<location id="8EC1DB9C675FFFF0FDB5FC6AFC81FC06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B73C51675FFFF3FF78FD0FFA24FD4F:8EC1DB9C675FFFF0FDB5FC6AFC81FC06" box="[581,777,971,993]" country="Austria" county="Innsbruck" municipality="Kaserl im Sendersthal" name="Steinen in der Rinne" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Steinen in der Rinne</location>
|
||
ober dem
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC5173D675FFFF0FC9FFC6AFBCBFC06" box="[879,1091,971,993]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Kaserl im Sendersthal</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
bei
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62C0F5CB675FFFF0FB9CFC6AFB44FC06" box="[1132,1228,971,993]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Innsbruck</collectingCounty>
|
||
gegen
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBE891675FFFF0FAE1FC6AFA20FC06" box="[1297,1448,971,993]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">das Pleisenjoch</collectorName>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675FFFF0FF2FFC4EFEA2FBE3" box="[223,298,1007,1028]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00336A74675FFFF0FF2FFC4EFEA2FBE3" box="[223,298,1007,1028]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA0AB87675FFFF0FEC3FC4EFE2DFBE3" box="[307,421,1007,1029]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1903-07-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE4526F675FFFF0FEC3FC4EFE2DFBE3" box="[307,421,1007,1029]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1903-07-23">23 Jul 1903</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FE5FFC4EFDE5FBE3" box="[431,621,1007,1028]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F1582675FFFF0FE5FFC4EFE4BFBE3" box="[431,451,1007,1028]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBE891675FFFF0FE3DFC4EFDE5FBE3" box="[461,621,1007,1028]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Handel-Mazzetti</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F1582675FFFF0FD89FC4EFD2DFBE3" box="[633,677,1007,1028]" country="USA" name="Wayland University" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">WU</collectionCode>
|
||
, no. det. 8943,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A533E5675FFFF0FCC8FC4EFC1AFBE2" box="[824,914,1007,1029]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated by
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBE891675FFFF0FBD7FC4EFB0EFBE2" box="[1063,1158,1007,1029]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Kirschner</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBE891675FFFF0FB54FC4EFB74FBE1" box="[1188,1276,1007,1030]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Štěpánek</collectorName>
|
||
1997: 92)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304DECC675FFFF0FF78FB90FBC7F9DE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF78FB90FE9BFBAC" blockId="29.[136,1452,1073,1593]" box="[136,275,1073,1099]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<heading id="D0E93A2B675FFFF0FF78FB90FE9BFBAC" box="[136,275,1073,1099]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF78FB90FE9BFBAC" box="[136,275,1073,1099]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Introduction</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF78FBF4FC86FAF8" blockId="29.[136,1452,1073,1593]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The Arctic-Alpidic group characterized by a large disjunction between the northernmost Europe and the Alps, was first recorded from the Balkans by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FF0B6675FFFF0FDE0FBD9FC90FB75" author="Handel-Mazzetti, H." box="[528,792,1144,1170]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref91851" refString="Handel-Mazzetti, H. (1907) Monographie der Gattung Taraxacum. Franz Deuticke, Leipzig & Wien, xi + 175 pp. + 7 plates. [https: // bibdigital. rjb. csic. es / records / item / 10236]" type="book" year="1907">Handel-Mazzetti (1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FCB1FBD8FC4FFB75" authorityName="Handel-Mazzetti" authorityYear="1907" box="[833,967,1144,1170]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fontanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FCB1FBD8FC4FFB75" box="[833,967,1144,1170]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. fontanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), then by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FF0B6675FFFF0FBC8FBD9FB44FB75" author="Hayek, A." box="[1080,1228,1144,1170]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="769 - 960" refId="ref91993" refString="Hayek, A. (1931) Prodromus florae peninsulae Balcanicae, Vol. 2 (6). Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. Beihefte, Verlag des Repertoriums, Dahlem bei Berlin, pp. 769 - 960." type="book chapter" year="1931">Hayek (1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FB06FBD8FF7AFB52" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="officinale" variety="fontanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FB06FBD8FAF3FB75" box="[1270,1403,1144,1170]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. officinale</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF78FB3AFF7AFB52" box="[136,242,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">fontanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and finally by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FF0B6675FFFF0FE55FB3AFDA5FB52" author="Doll, R." box="[421,557,1179,1205]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="629 - 643" refId="ref91273" refString="Doll, R. (1978) Zur Taraxacum-Flora des Rila-Gebirges. Feddes Repertorium 88 (9 - 10): 629 - 643 + Plates LXXI - LXXV. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 19780880904" type="journal article" year="1978">Doll (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. A detailed comparison of the northern species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FB92FB3DFBFFFB52" box="[1122,1143,1180,1205]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FB48FB3AFA81FB52" box="[1208,1289,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Crocea</emphasis>
|
||
revealed their sectional identity with the Alpine species referred to as
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FD02FB1EFC8FFB3F" box="[754,775,1215,1240]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FCB6FB1EFC2DFB3F" box="[838,933,1215,1240]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fontana</emphasis>
|
||
. The first formal synonymization of these two sectional names is published in the present paper, in accordance with the opinion of other experts in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FB1DFB43FAE2FB1C" baseAuthorityName="Stepanek & Kirschner" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[1261,1386,1250,1275]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FB1DFB43FAE2FB1C" box="[1261,1386,1250,1275]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Taraxacum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(C. I. Sahlin, pers. comm. 1984; I. Uhlemann, a paper in prep.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF4DFA89FEE2FA4C" blockId="29.[136,1452,1073,1593]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
There are more than 120 northern species and up to 20 distributed in south-central and southern Europe; it should be added that
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FED8FAEDFEB5FA82" box="[296,317,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FE70FAEAFE59FA82" box="[384,465,1355,1381]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Crocea</emphasis>
|
||
is known to occur in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309CDD7675FFFF0FD3BFAEAFCCBFA82" box="[715,835,1355,1381]" name="Greenland" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Alaska and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309CDD7675FFFF0FC24FAEAFBA4FA82" box="[980,1068,1355,1381]" name="Canada" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
. With a single, notable exception, all the species are agamospermous. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309CDD7675FFFF0FDC9FACFFD14FA6F" box="[569,668,1390,1416]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, there are four agamosperms, and the single sexual diploid species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675FFFF0FA67FACEFEE2FA4C" authority="Doll." authorityName="Doll." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paludosiforme">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FA67FACEFEA2FA4C" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. paludosiforme</emphasis>
|
||
Doll.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF4DFA14FBC7F9DE" blockId="29.[136,1452,1073,1593]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The most conspicuous features of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FDC5FA14FDC2FA29" box="[565,586,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FD77FA14FD50FA28" box="[647,728,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Crocea</emphasis>
|
||
are leaves with a low number of short and broad lateral segments, broadly winged petioles of outer leaves, outer phyllaries usually appressed to loosely appressed, sometimes their distal part arcuate recurved to arcuate-patent, deep yellow to golden yellow (almost orange-yellow) capitula, and achenes with a subabrupt transition between achene body and ± conical to subcylindrical cone.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304DECC675FFFF0FF78F9C4FCDBF7C2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF78F9C4FE84F999" blockId="29.[136,1452,1637,2086]" box="[136,268,1637,1662]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<heading id="D0E93A2B675FFFF0FF78F9C4FE84F999" box="[136,268,1637,1662]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675FFFF0FF78F9C4FE84F999" box="[136,268,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675FFFF0FF78F929FCDBF7C2" blockId="29.[136,1452,1637,2086]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Plants (10–) 15–25 (–30) cm tall but usually ± slender, not robust; plant base without tunic, usually glabrous to sparsely arachnoid.Petioles broadly winged (mostly,and most conspicuously,in outer leaves), usually pale green, seldom suffused purplish, mainly on mid-vein. Leaves usually remotely and shallowly pinnatilobed, sometimes almost undivided, or pinnatisect, glabrous, subglabrous or sparsely arachnoid. Scapes most often glabrous to sparsely arachnoid (mainly just below capitulum), usually overtopping leaves. Capitulum usually deep yellow or deep golden yellow, outer ligules ± flat. Involucre most often olivaceous-green to dark so, often pruinose; outer phyllaries appressed to loosely appressed, less often erect, sometimes with arcuate-patent distal part, most often ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, not imbricate or slightly so, surface ± evenly dark olivaceous green to grey-green, rarely darker or lighter, usually with a very narrow, inconspicuous paler, membranous or whitish border, sometimes unbordered, apex flat, margins subglabrous. Achenes light greyish stramineous-brown, stramineous-brown or light beige, usually
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675FFFF0FC27F865FBBBF838" box="[983,1075,1988,2015]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, body subdensely to densely spinulose above, subabruptly narrowing into a short, subconical, conical, less often subcylindrical cone; beak thin, usually
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675FFFF0FF10F7AAFEC3F7C1" box="[224,331,2059,2086]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">6–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; pappus white, usually
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675FFFF0FD7DF7AAFC9CF7C1" box="[653,788,2059,2086]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="5.5">5.5–7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304DECC675CFFF3FF78FF3EFC42FF5F" box="[136,970,158,185]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FF3EFC42FF5F" blockId="30.[136,970,158,185]" box="[136,970,158,185]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<heading id="D0E93A2B675CFFF3FF78FF3EFC42FF5F" box="[136,970,158,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FF78FF3EFD3FFF5F" box="[136,695,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">An identification key to the Bulgarian members of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675CFFF3FD4EFF3EFC42FF5F" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="M. P. Christ." box="[702,970,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Crocea">
|
||
Taraxacum
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FCB1FF3EFCFCFF5F" box="[833,884,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">sect.</emphasis>
|
||
Crocea
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304DECC675CFFF3FF78FF42FA24FD4F" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="key">
|
||
<key id="FF8FDA76675CFFF3FF78FF42FA24FD4F" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyStep id="30EA95E2675CFFF3FF78FF42FA23FEF2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FF42FA23FF1E" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" box="[136,1451,226,249]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FF42FA23FF1E" box="[136,1451,226,249]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
1 Pollen grains regular, of ± uniform size ..................................................................................................... 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675CFFF3FB23FF42FA23FF1E" ID-CoL="54VZT" authority="Doll" authorityName="Doll" box="[1235,1451,226,249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paludosiforme">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FB23FF42FAF2FF1F" bold="true" box="[1235,1402,226,248]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. paludosiforme</emphasis>
|
||
Doll
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FEA1FA23FEF2" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" box="[136,1451,255,277]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FEA1FA23FEF2" box="[136,1451,255,277]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">– Pollen grains irregular, of conspicuously variable size .................................................................................................................... 2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EA95E2675CFFF3FF78FEBDFA23FE26" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FEBDFA24FE8B" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FEBDFA24FE8B" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
2 Achenes light rusty-brown; outer phyllaries very pale green, almost translucent, with a distinct, broad paler border, usually narrowly lanceolate, most of them arcuate to arcuate-patent at and after full anthesis; involucre narrow,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675CFFF3FBA9FE98FB20FEA8" box="[1113,1192,313,335]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide near the base ........... ................................................................................................................................................................. 10.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675CFFF3FB37FEF7FADFFE8C" ID-CoL="B2WG6" authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1223,1367,341,363]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amoenulum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FB37FEF7FADFFE8C" bold="true" box="[1223,1367,341,363]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. amoenulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FA93FEF6FA24FE8B" box="[1379,1452,343,364]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A259EC2E675CFFF3FA93FEF6FA24FE8B" box="[1379,1452,343,364]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FED2FA23FE26" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FED2FA23FE26" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
– Achenes light brownish, light greyish stramineous-brown, light beige or deep stramineous-brown; outer phyllaries deep olivaceousgreen to dark blackish green, or light to pale green, very narrowly bordered, usually lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, most of them loosely appressed, sometimes apically arcuate at and after anthesis; involucre medium broad,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675CFFF3FBA7FE0DFB3AFE25" box="[1111,1202,428,450]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide near the base ...... 3
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EA95E2675CFFF3FF78FE68FA23FDD2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FE68FA24FE1B" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FE68FA24FE1B" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
3 Achene cone conical to subconical,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675CFFF3FDDCFE68FD17FE38" box="[556,671,457,479]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; outer phyllaries dark green to black-green; stigmas dark discoloured ......... .................................................................................................................................................................... 9.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675CFFF3FB3FFE47FADFFE1C" ID-CoL="B2WFN" authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1231,1367,485,507]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fornicatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FB3FFE47FADFFE1C" bold="true" box="[1231,1367,485,507]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. fornicatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FA93FE46FA24FE1B" box="[1379,1452,487,508]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A259EC2E675CFFF3FA93FE46FA24FE1B" box="[1379,1452,487,508]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FDA2FA23FDD2" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FDA2FA23FDD2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
– Achene cone cylindrical, subcylindrical or subconical,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675CFFF3FD1CFDA3FCE9FDFF" box="[748,865,514,536]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; outer phyllaries light green to deep olivaceous-green; stigmas light discoloured .................................................................................................................................................................. 4
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EA95E2675CFFF3FF78FD9DFA23FD88" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FD9DFA24FDB5" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" box="[136,1452,572,594]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FD9DFA24FDB5" box="[136,1452,572,594]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
4 Outer ligules mostly not striped or some faintly striped outside; achenes
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675CFFF3FC7BFD9DFC76FDB5" box="[907,1022,572,594]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="4.9" valueMax="5.1" valueMin="4.7">4.7–5.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long ........... 8.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675CFFF3FB67FD9CFADFFDB5" ID-CoL="B2WF4" authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1175,1367,572,594]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudosplendens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FB67FD9CFADFFDB5" bold="true" box="[1175,1367,572,594]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. pseudosplendens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FA93FD9CFA24FDB5" box="[1379,1452,573,594]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A259EC2E675CFFF3FA93FD9CFA24FDB5" box="[1379,1452,573,594]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FDFBFA23FD88" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" box="[136,1451,601,623]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FDFBFA23FD88" box="[136,1451,601,623]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
– Outer ligules distinctly striped outside; achenes
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675CFFF3FD50FDF8FC9BFD88" box="[672,787,601,623]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="4.15" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long .................................................................................................. 5
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30EA95E2675CFFF3FF78FDD7FA24FD4F" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FDD7FA24FD6B" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" box="[136,1452,629,652]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FDD7FA24FD6B" box="[136,1452,629,652]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
5 Petioles usually pale greenish; achene body thick,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE620A2675CFFF3FD47FDD7FCA2FD6C" box="[695,810,630,651]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide ........................................................ 7.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675CFFF3FB2DFDD7FADEFD6C" ID-CoL="B2LF7" authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1245,1366,629,651]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="splendens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FB2DFDD7FADEFD6C" bold="true" box="[1245,1366,629,651]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. splendens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FA93FDD6FA24FD6B" box="[1379,1452,631,652]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A259EC2E675CFFF3FA93FDD6FA24FD6B" box="[1379,1452,631,652]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA18D47675CFFF3FF78FD32FA24FD4F" blockId="30.[136,1452,226,681]" box="[136,1452,658,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<keyLead id="30EF2E72675CFFF3FF78FD32FA24FD4F" box="[136,1452,658,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
– Petioles usually suffused purple; achene body slender, 0.9–1.0 mm wide ............................................................. 6.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EF6C4675CFFF3FAEBFD32FADFFD4F" ID-CoL="B2WG5" authority="Štěpánek & Kirschner, 2022" authorityName="Štěpánek & Kirschner" authorityYear="2022" box="[1307,1367,658,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vile" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FAEBFD32FADFFD4F" bold="true" box="[1307,1367,658,680]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. vile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A5155675CFFF3FA93FD32FA24FD4F" box="[1379,1452,659,680]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A259EC2E675CFFF3FA93FD32FA24FD4F" box="[1379,1452,659,680]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |