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<mods:title id="1755532FE1EDA57DC7E365144ADC383F">First report of the female Acanthogryllus asiaticus Gorochov, 1990 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from India and updated description of two crickets of Gryllini</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D265F47EFF4CFB2DFDDAFB47" blockId="1.[151,623,1198,1225]" box="[151,623,1198,1225]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">
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Subgenus
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D265F47EFECCFB2DFDDAFB47" ID-CoL="8P2NY" authority="Randell, 1964" authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" box="[279,623,1198,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFECCFB2DFE09FB46" bold="true" box="[279,444,1198,1225]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2852C1D1D265F47EFE18FB2CFDDAFB47" author="Randell" box="[451,623,1198,1225]" firstAuthor="Randell" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" pagination="1565 - 1607" refId="ref5667" refString="Randell, R. L. (1964) The male genitalia in Gryllinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) and a tribal revision. CanadianEntomologist, 96, 1565 - 1607. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 961565 - 12" type="journal article" year="1964">Randell, 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="04D9EFABD265F47EFF4CFB70FE78FAA5" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D265F47EFF4CFB70FE78FAA5" blockId="1.[151,1437,1267,1322]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D265F47EFF4CFB70FDBEFA84" ID-CoL="8P2NY" authority=", Gorochov, 2001: 319" authorityName="Gorochov" authorityPageNumber="319" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,523,1267,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Velarifictorus, Gorochov, 2001: 319</taxonomicName>
; Storozhenko, 2004: 206, Storozhenko and Paik, 2007:99; Kim, 2013:298; Storozhenko, Kim and Jeon, 2015: 114.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="04D9EFABD265F47EFF4CFADBFED4F8A9" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D265F47EFF4CFADBFEBEF98D" blockId="1.[151,1436,1368,1539]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFF4CFADBFEA1FAFD" bold="true" box="[151,276,1368,1394]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Body form large to rather small. Head very large, upper half of head almost globular. Pronotum with parallel sides, somewhat widening in front. Male genitalia: hind margin of epiphallus with relatively long median projections, which is directed backwards. In this subgenus about 91 species occur worldwide; of these, 44 species have been reported from Asia-tropical, including the Indian subcontinent and the Indo-China region (
<bibRefCitation id="2852C1D1D265F47EFAC6FA47FF4AF98D" author="Cigliano" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cigliano" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" refId="ref5451" refString="Cigliano, M. M., Braun, H., Eades, D. C. &amp; Otte, D. (2022) Orthoptera Species File online. Version 5.0 / 5.0. Available from: http: // orthoptera. SpeciesFile. org (accessed 15 February 2022)" type="url" year="2022">
Cigliano
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFA53FA46FF18F98D" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
., 2022
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D265F47EFF4CF9CDFC0BF9E6" blockId="1.[151,958,1614,1642]" box="[151,958,1614,1642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D265F47EFF4CF9CDFD55F9E5" authority="(Bhowmik, 1967)" baseAuthorityName="Bhowmik" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[151,736,1614,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raychaudhurii" subGenus="Velarifictorus">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFF4CF9CDFE81F9E6" bold="true" box="[151,308,1614,1641]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFE9EF9CCFEEEF9E6" bold="true" box="[325,347,1615,1641]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">V.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFEB0F9CDFDA4F9E6" bold="true" box="[363,529,1614,1641]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">raychaudhurii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2852C1D1D265F47EFDFBF9CCFD62F9E5" author="Bhowmik" box="[544,727,1615,1642]" firstAuthor="Bhowmik" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" pagination="123 - 127" refId="ref5306" refString="Bhowmik, H. K. (1967) Five new species of crickets of the genus Scapsipedus Saussure (Insecta: Orthoptera) from India. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, Kolkata, 20, 123 - 127." type="journal article" year="1967">Bhowmik, 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
[Plates: I (a) &amp; (b)]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D265F47EFF4CF910FCC3F924" blockId="1.[151,1437,1683,1830]" box="[151,886,1683,1707]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D265F47EFF4CF910FDECF924" authority="Bhowmik. 1967" authorityName="Bhowmik." authorityYear="1967" box="[151,601,1683,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raychaudhurii">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFF4CF910FE19F924" box="[151,428,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Scapsipedus raychaudhurii</emphasis>
Bhowmik. 1967
</taxonomicName>
. J. Zool. Soc.
<collectingCountry id="34D4FCB0D265F47EFD33F910FCA9F924" box="[744,796,1683,1707]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">India</collectingCountry>
20: 124.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D265F47EFF4CF931FB6DF945" blockId="1.[151,1437,1683,1830]" box="[151,1240,1714,1738]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D265F47EFF4CF931FDE2F945" authority=", Vasanth. 1993" authorityName="Vasanth." authorityYear="1993" box="[151,599,1714,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raychaudhurii">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFF4CF931FE0AF945" box="[151,447,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Velarifictorus raychaudhurii,</emphasis>
Vasanth. 1993
</taxonomicName>
. Rec. Zool. Surv.
<collectingCountry id="34D4FCB0D265F47EFCD7F931FCF6F945" box="[780,835,1714,1738]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">India</collectingCountry>
, Misc. Pub., Occas. Paper 132(1-6): 43.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D265F47EFF4CF953FCDBF967" blockId="1.[151,1437,1683,1830]" box="[151,878,1744,1769]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D265F47EFF4CF953FD06F966" authority=", Ingrisch &amp; Garai. 2001" authorityName="Ingrisch &amp; Garai." authorityYear="2001" box="[151,691,1744,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raychaudhurii">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFF4CF953FE0AF967" box="[151,447,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Velarifictorus raychaudhurii,</emphasis>
Ingrisch &amp; Garai. 2001
</taxonomicName>
. Esperiana 8: 758.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D265F47EFF4CF96CFED4F8A9" blockId="1.[151,1437,1683,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D265F47EFF4CF96CFE19F888" box="[151,428,1775,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raychoudhurii">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFF4CF96CFE19F888" box="[151,428,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Scapsipedus raychoudhurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(mis-spelt), Shishodia, K. Chandra &amp; S.K. Gupta. 2010. Rec. Zool. Surv.
<collectingCountry id="34D4FCB0D265F47EFB46F96CFB61F888" box="[1181,1236,1775,1799]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">India</collectingCountry>
, Misc. Pub., Occas. Paper 314:203.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="7EB76032D265F47EFF4CF8CDFE37F8E7" bold="true" box="[151,386,1870,1896]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="5AC577A9D265F47EFE52F8CCFE01F8E6" box="[393,436,1871,1897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" type="male">6 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="34D4FCB0D265F47EFE64F8CCFE4EF8E6" box="[447,507,1871,1897]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="8E0772C2D265F47EFDDDF8CCFD30F8E6" box="[518,645,1871,1897]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
,
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hills W,
<date id="387D9AE0D265F47EFCE8F8CCFC01F8E6" box="[819,948,1871,1897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" value="2013-06-04">
<collectingDate id="28396308D265F47EFCE8F8CCFC01F8E6" box="[819,948,1871,1897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" value="2013-06-04">04. vi.2013</collectingDate>
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,
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,
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.;
<materialsCitation id="FCABB67DD265F47EFF4CF8F0FB47F802" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748662308" box="[151,1266,1906,1933]" collectingDate="2013-06-08" collectionCode="R" collectorName="U Shillong" country="India" county="Grasses" elevation="1495" latitude="25.576" location="Nagar" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="91.883" municipality="Tea" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Meghalaya">
from
<collectingCounty id="A51DC4ACD265F47EFF0FF8F0FE9EF802" box="[212,299,1907,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Grasses</collectingCounty>
/
<collectingMunicipality id="AC18265AD265F47EFEEFF8F0FEEAF802" box="[308,351,1907,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Tea</collectingMunicipality>
; coll.
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D265F47EFE7BF8F0FE03F802" box="[416,438,1907,1933]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">R</collectionCode>
.
<location id="491CEAFBD265F47EFE1BF8F0FDB3F802" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46A0D36D265F47BFF4CFB2DFAF2FA69:491CEAFBD265F47EFE1BF8F0FDB3F802" box="[448,518,1907,1933]" country="India" county="Grasses" latitude="25.576" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="91.883" municipality="Tea" name="Nagar" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" stateProvince="Meghalaya">Nagar</location>
,
<collectorName id="E136D9F6D265F47EFDCAF8F0FD3BF802" box="[529,654,1907,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">U Shillong</collectorName>
,
<date id="387D9AE0D265F47EFD43F8F0FCA7F802" box="[664,786,1907,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" value="2013-06-08">
<collectingDate id="28396308D265F47EFD43F8F0FCA7F802" box="[664,786,1907,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" value="2013-06-08">08.vi.2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="29F7DAE7D265F47EFCC6F8F1FC64F802" box="[797,977,1906,1933]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" precision="1" seconds="33.6" value="25.576">25° 34 33.6 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="29F7DAE7D265F47EFC07F8F0FB39F802" box="[988,1164,1906,1933]" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" precision="1" seconds="58.8" value="91.883">91° 52 58.8 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="8B3B11C5D265F47EFB4CF8F1FB47F802" box="[1175,1266,1906,1933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4949999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" unit="m" value="1495.0">
<elevation id="C7EE5B13D265F47EFB4CF8F1FB47F802" box="[1175,1266,1906,1933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4949999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" unit="m" value="1495.0">1495 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="FCABB67DD265F47EFADAF8F0FB46F83E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748662304" collectingDate="2013-06-03" collectionCode="R, RRTC" collectorName="Jhabar Mal &amp; Rib Bhoi" country="India" elevation="1955" latitude="25.9" location="Nagar" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="91.88333" municipality="Grasses" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Meghalaya">
from
<collectingMunicipality id="AC18265AD265F47EFAE6F8F0FA2DF802" box="[1341,1432,1907,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Grasses</collectingMunicipality>
; coll.
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D265F47EFF15F814FF51F83E" box="[206,228,1943,1969]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">R</collectionCode>
.
<location id="491CEAFBD265F47EFF36F814FE84F83E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46A0D36D265F47BFF4CFB2DFAF2FA69:491CEAFBD265F47EFF36F814FE84F83E" box="[237,305,1943,1969]" country="India" latitude="25.9" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="91.88333" municipality="Grasses" name="Nagar" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" stateProvince="Meghalaya">Nagar</location>
(1) &amp;
<collectorName id="E136D9F6D265F47EFEA2F814FE40F83E" box="[377,501,1943,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Jhabar Mal</collectorName>
(2),
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D265F47EFDF3F814FDDAF83E" box="[552,623,1943,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">RRTC</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="E136D9F6D265F47EFDAEF814FD69F83E" box="[629,732,1943,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Rib Bhoi</collectorName>
,
<date id="387D9AE0D265F47EFD3DF814FCD5F83E" box="[742,864,1943,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" value="2013-06-03">
<collectingDate id="28396308D265F47EFD3DF814FCD5F83E" box="[742,864,1943,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" value="2013-06-03">03.vi.2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="29F7DAE7D265F47EFCB0F815FC4FF83E" box="[875,1018,1942,1969]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" precision="15" seconds="0" value="25.9">25° 54 0 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="29F7DAE7D265F47EFBDFF814FB3AF83E" box="[1028,1167,1942,1969]" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" precision="15" seconds="0" value="91.88333">91° 53 0 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="8B3B11C5D265F47EFB42F815FB46F83E" box="[1177,1267,1942,1969]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.955" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" unit="m" value="1955.0">
<elevation id="C7EE5B13D265F47EFB42F815FB46F83E" box="[1177,1267,1942,1969]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.955" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" unit="m" value="1955.0">1955 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.;
<materialsCitation id="FCABB67DD265F47EFADAF814FC6BF85A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748662307" collectingDate="2013-06-06" collectionCode="R" country="India" county="Grasses" elevation="26" latitude="25.183332" location="Dawki" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="92.01667" municipality="Swaminathan" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Meghalaya">
from
<collectingCounty id="A51DC4ACD265F47EFAE6F814FA2DF83E" box="[1341,1432,1943,1969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Grasses</collectingCounty>
; coll.
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D265F47EFF14F838FF50F85A" box="[207,229,1979,2005]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="AC18265AD265F47EFF2BF838FE3EF85A" box="[240,395,1979,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Swaminathan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="491CEAFBD265F47EFE4DF838FE56F85A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C46A0D36D265F47BFF4CFB2DFAF2FA69:491CEAFBD265F47EFE4DF838FE56F85A" box="[406,483,1979,2005]" country="India" county="Grasses" latitude="25.183332" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="92.01667" municipality="Swaminathan" name="Dawki" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" stateProvince="Meghalaya">Dawki</location>
,
<date id="387D9AE0D265F47EFE34F838FDDCF85A" box="[495,617,1979,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" value="2013-06-06">
<collectingDate id="28396308D265F47EFE34F838FDDCF85A" box="[495,617,1979,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" value="2013-06-06">06.vi.2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="29F7DAE7D265F47EFDAEF839FCB2F85A" box="[629,775,1978,2005]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" precision="15" seconds="0" value="25.183332">25° 11 0 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="29F7DAE7D265F47EFCC9F838FC26F85A" box="[786,915,1979,2005]" degrees="92" direction="east" minutes="1" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" precision="15" seconds="0" value="92.01667">92° 1 0 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="8B3B11C5D265F47EFC44F838FC6BF85A" box="[927,990,1979,2005]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" unit="m" value="26.0">
<specimenCount id="5AC577A9D265F47EFC44F838FC6BF85A" box="[927,990,1979,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" type="generic">
<elevation id="C7EE5B13D265F47EFC44F838FC6BF85A" box="[927,990,1979,2005]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" unit="m" value="26.0">26 m</elevation>
</specimenCount>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="FCABB67DD265F47EFC06F838FA30F85A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3748662315" box="[989,1413,1979,2005]" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Grasses &amp; Swaminathan" country="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="145" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Meghalaya">
.; from
<collectorName id="E136D9F6D265F47EFBF0F838FB33F85A" box="[1067,1158,1979,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Grasses</collectorName>
; coll.
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D265F47EFB12F838FB6AF85A" box="[1225,1247,1979,2005]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="E136D9F6D265F47EFB32F838FA30F85A" box="[1257,1413,1979,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="145">Swaminathan</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="18BCECA8D266F47DFF4CF8FBFE8EF83B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6425404" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6425404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6425404/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="146" startId="2.[151,234,1912,1936]" targetBox="[152,1436,183,1882]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D266F47DFF4CF8FBFE8EF83B" blockId="2.[151,1436,1912,1972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D266F47DFF4CF8FBFE9DF81F" bold="true" box="[151,296,1912,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="146">
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D266F47DFF4CF8FBFF5FF81F" box="[151,234,1912,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="146">PLATE</collectionCode>
I (a).
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D266F47DFEEAF8FAFDBDF81F" box="[305,520,1912,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raychaudhurii" subGenus="Velarifictorus">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D266F47DFEEAF8FAFDBDF81F" box="[305,520,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="146">V. (V.) raychaudhurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="5AC577A9D266F47DFDCAF8FBFD91F800" box="[529,548,1912,1935]" pageId="2" pageNumber="146" type="male"></specimenCount>
(1-5): 1. Male; 2. Head &amp; pronotum dorsal view; 3. Tegmina; 4. Supra anal plate; 5. Subgenital plate
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="18BCECA8D267F47CFF4CF8F3FAA2F807" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6425406" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6425406" box="[151,1303,1904,1928]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6425406/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="147" startId="3.[151,234,1904,1928]" targetBox="[151,1436,182,1882]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D267F47CFF4CF8F3FAA2F807" blockId="3.[151,1303,1904,1928]" box="[151,1303,1904,1928]" pageId="3" pageNumber="147">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D267F47CFF4CF8F3FE90F807" bold="true" box="[151,293,1904,1928]" pageId="3" pageNumber="147">
<figureCitation id="D4F8A0A5D267F47CFF4CF8F3FF4FF807" box="[151,250,1904,1928]" captionStart="PLATE I" captionStartId="2.[151,234,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,183,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[151,1436,176,1888]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="PLATE I (a). V. (V.) raychaudhurii ♂ (1-5): 1. Male; 2. Head &amp; pronotum dorsal view; 3. Tegmina; 4. Supra anal plate; 5. Subgenital plate" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6425404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6425404/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="147">
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D267F47CFF4CF8F3FF5FF807" box="[151,234,1904,1928]" pageId="3" pageNumber="147">PLATE</collectionCode>
I
</figureCitation>
(b).
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D267F47CFEF7F8F2FDB5F807" box="[300,512,1904,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raychaudhurii" subGenus="Velarifictorus">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D267F47CFEF7F8F2FDB5F807" box="[300,512,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="147">V. (V.) raychaudhurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="5AC577A9D267F47CFDDDF8F2FDACF807" box="[518,537,1905,1928]" pageId="3" pageNumber="147" type="male"></specimenCount>
(6-9): View of genitalia: 6. Dorsal; 7. Ventral; 8. Lateral; 9. Spermatophore
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D260F47BFF1CFF15FCDBFE06" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFF1CFF15FE68FF3F" bold="true" box="[199,477,150,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Additional description:</emphasis>
Lateral ocelli clearly connected by a yellow band. Maxillary palpi, I and II segments yellowish in colour, remaining segments are externally whitish and internally dark in colour, length of
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D260F47BFAF1FF38FAF3FF5A" box="[1322,1350,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">III</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D260F47BFAA4FF38FA28FF5A" box="[1407,1437,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">IV</collectionCode>
maxillary palpi is almost equal, while the
<collectionCode id="2AD224E5D260F47BFDA9FF5CFD33FF76" box="[626,646,223,249]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
one is little longer than the previous segments. Fore tibiae with externally oval shaped and internally small spot like tympanum, but in some specimens, internal tympanum is less visible. Mirror longer than wide, but in some specimens length and width almost equal. Apical field of tegmina well developed with 2 to 4 longitudinal veins and with clear reticulations. Dorsal side of the abdomen and cerci are dark brown, while abdomen is yellowish in colour on the ventral side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D260F47BFF1CFE11FB64FC2A" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFF1CFE11FE8AFE23" bold="true" box="[199,319,402,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Genitalia:</emphasis>
Supra-anal plate (SAP) cap-shaped, semi-membranous with small to large hair, anterior half wider than long and also having a small brown depression, apex of supra-anal plate is rounded. Subgenital plate is little wider than long, anterior half membranous and posterior half semi-membranous. When the subgenital plate is dorsally pressed it appears W-shaped, but apico-laterally rounded on both sides. Epiphallus is bridge-shaped and longer than wide, anterior margins of epiphallus sinuate and posterior half of epiphallus is trilobate dorsally, the lateral lobes narrow, apex blunt, but with small to long hair; middle lobe of epiphallus shorter and wider than lateral lobes and distinctly round, slightly or little deeply notched in the middle. Epiphallic apodemes are narrow present at the antero-lateral aspect of epiphallus, closely attached to epiphallus and is sinuate. Ramus is paired elongate, rod-shaped, forming the antero-lateral projection of epiphallus. Ventrally, ectoparameres are longer than lateral lobes and middle lobe of epiphallus and closely attached to lower side of epiphallus by membranes, ectoparameres are anteriorly divided, narrow in inner side and wide in outer side; anteriorly ectoparameres are slender-shaped, but in middle wider, more bulbous and posteriorly narrow, presenting small teeth-shaped, pointed apex, curved upward and facing towards middle lobe of epiphallus. Principal ectoparameral apodemes are elongate, apically joined together to each other, appearing compressed dorsally, inverted W-shaped and laterally J-shaped. Apices of virga extend to 1/4
<superScript id="BBB61168D260F47BFEF2FC09FE83FC17" attach="left" box="[297,310,906,920]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">th</superScript>
of anterior ectoparameres with acute apex. Spermatophore, as given in Figure (9).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D260F47BFF1CFC2CFE28FC46" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1510]" box="[199,413,943,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFF1CFC2CFE9DFC46" bold="true" box="[199,296,943,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Female:</emphasis>
Unknown
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D260F47BFF1CFC50FB95FB9E" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Measurements (mm) Male: Body length 12.0-13.50; head length 3.5, width 4.0; pronotum length 2.10-3.75, width 3.50-4.25; tegmina 7.0-7.50; hind femur 8.0-10.0 and hind tibia 5.50-6.25.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="04D9EFABD260F47BFF1CFB98FE92FA4E" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D260F47BFF1CFB98FA38FB4A" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFF1CFB98FE88FBBA" bold="true" box="[199,317,1051,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Remarks:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D260F47BFE9EFB98FD31FBBA" box="[325,644,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raychaudhurii">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFE9EFB98FD31FBBA" box="[325,644,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Velarifictorus raychaudhurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was initially described as
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D260F47BFC75FB98FB55FBBA" box="[942,1248,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raychaudhurii">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFC75FB98FB55FBBA" box="[942,1248,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Scapsipedus raychaudhurii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by H. K. Bhowmik in the year 1967 from
<collectingCountry id="34D4FCB0D260F47BFE65FBBCFE4EFBD6" box="[446,507,1087,1113]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">India</collectingCountry>
. According to OSF (
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D260F47BFD06FBBCFC6FFBD5" authority="Spices File" authorityName="Spices File" box="[733,986,1087,1114]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Orthoptera Spices File</taxonomicName>
) and while browsing online, this species has been included in the genus,
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D260F47BFE26FBE0FC89FBF2" authority="Saussure, 1877" authorityName="Saussure. The" authorityYear="1877" box="[509,828,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFE26FBE0FD32FBF2" box="[509,647,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Scapsipedus</emphasis>
Saussure, 1877
</taxonomicName>
; however, in our view and as per earlier published papers of
<bibRefCitation id="2852C1D1D260F47BFF32FB04FE26FB2E" author="Vasanth" box="[233,403,1159,1185]" firstAuthor="Vasanth" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="1 - 178" refId="ref5755" refString="Vasanth, M. (1993) Studies on crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllidae) of northeast India. In: Records of the Zoological Survey of India. Occasional Paper No. 132. Published by the Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, pp. 1 - 178." type="book chapter" year="1993">Vasanth (1993)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="2852C1D1D260F47BFE13FB04FD60FB2E" author="Ingrisch, S. &amp; Garai, A." box="[456,725,1159,1185]" firstAuthor="Ingrisch" journalOrPublisher="Esperiana, Buchreihe Entomologie" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="755 - 770" refId="ref5634" refString="Ingrisch, S. &amp; Garai, A. (2001) Orthopteroid insects from Ganesh Himal, Nepal. Esperiana, Buchreihe Entomologie, Bd. 8, 755 - 770." title="Orthopteroid insects from Ganesh Himal, Nepal" type="book chapter" year="2001">Ingrisch &amp; Garai (2001)</bibRefCitation>
this species belongs to the genus,
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D260F47BFB89FB04FE82FB4A" authority="(Velarifictorus) Randell, 1964" authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Velarifictorus" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Velarifictorus">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFB89FB04FB5FFB2E" box="[1106,1258,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFB21FB04FA27FB2E" box="[1274,1426,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
)
<bibRefCitation id="2852C1D1D260F47BFF4CFB28FE82FB4A" author="Randell" box="[151,311,1195,1221]" firstAuthor="Randell" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="1565 - 1607" refId="ref5667" refString="Randell, R. L. (1964) The male genitalia in Gryllinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) and a tribal revision. CanadianEntomologist, 96, 1565 - 1607. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 961565 - 12" type="journal article" year="1964">Randell, 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Both the genera differ slightly morphologically, but their male genitalia are significantly different.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D260F47BFF1CFB4CFE92FA4E" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
In the genus
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D260F47BFE8CFB4CFD20FB66" authority="Saussure, 1877" authorityName="Saussure. The" authorityYear="1877" box="[343,661,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFE8CFB4CFE54FB66" box="[343,481,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Scapsipedus</emphasis>
Saussure, 1877
</taxonomicName>
, the following is important: male genitalia; epiphallus is triangular in shape or elongate, wider and almost V-shaped and the epiphallus is dorsoventrally flattened and if we view ventrally and laterally, posterior middle lobe of the epiphallus is longer than the lateral lobes. While, in the genus,
<taxonomicName id="8BC3C7A3D260F47BFAEFFA94FD9CFADA" authority="(Velarifictorus) Randell, 1964" authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Velarifictorus" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Velarifictorus">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFAEFFA94FF64FADB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFF3AFAB8FECCFADA" box="[225,377,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
)
<bibRefCitation id="2852C1D1D260F47BFE52FAB8FD9CFADA" author="Randell" box="[393,553,1339,1365]" firstAuthor="Randell" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" pagination="1565 - 1607" refId="ref5667" refString="Randell, R. L. (1964) The male genitalia in Gryllinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) and a tribal revision. CanadianEntomologist, 96, 1565 - 1607. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 961565 - 12" type="journal article" year="1964">Randell, 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as follows, the male genitalia epiphallus is bridge-shaped and wider than long, posterior half of epiphallus is dorsally trilobate, middle lobe of epiphallus shorter and wider than lateral lobes and distinctly round, slightly or little deeply emarginated in middle of apex. Ventrally, ectoparameres are longer than lateral lobes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="04D9EFABD260F47BFF1CFA49FAF2FA69" box="[199,1351,1482,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4C7CBC20D260F47BFF1CFA49FAF2FA69" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1510]" box="[199,1351,1482,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">
<emphasis id="7EB76032D260F47BFF1CFA49FED6FA6B" bold="true" box="[199,355,1482,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Distribution:</emphasis>
Asia-tropical, Indian subcontinent,
<collectingCountry id="34D4FCB0D260F47BFD2DFA48FC85FA6A" box="[758,816,1483,1509]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">India</collectingCountry>
(West Himalaya,
<collectingRegion id="8E0772C2D260F47BFC22FA48FB36FA6A" box="[1017,1155,1483,1509]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="8E0772C2D260F47BFB62FA48FA8EFA69" box="[1209,1339,1483,1510]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="4" pageNumber="148">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>