424 lines
50 KiB
XML
424 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1150-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" ID-ZooBank="A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1150-1" checkinTime="1677664009133" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C." docDate="2023" docId="75B13A049E535DE8B3EE6433A419E811" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1150: 1-189" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1150" docPubDate="2023-02-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" docTitle="Karaops yumbubaarnji Crews 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="478EA254-B064-4D1B-A5DA-C358AF239208" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" masterDocTitle="But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1677664009133" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9360-6236</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">screwsemail@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1150</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>189</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1150-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:478EA254-B064-4D1B-A5DA-C358AF239208" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/75B13A049E535DE8B3EE6433A419E811" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/478EA254-B064-4D1B-A5DA-C358AF239208" authority="Crews, 2023" authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji" status="sp. nov.">Karaops yumbubaarnji</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 33. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops sp. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype female, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1302, WAM T 155677) B same, epigyne C same, endogyne D same E Karaops sp., Ruby Plains, Western Australia (sel _ 1279, WAM T 155655). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 33A-E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 34. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia A live spider on sandstone B habitat, Bungle Bungles." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 34A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 35. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia A holotype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) B adult female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 35A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 36. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype male, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) A palp, ventral, arrow indicates expanded part below B palp, retrolateral C close up of the median apophysis showing small, spine-like process. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 36A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 37. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., with hymenopteran prey, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia B Karaops yumbubaarnji, paratype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) C Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov., holotype male, Southern Lost City, Limmen National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1343, MAGNT A 004899). Scale bars: 1 mm (B); 2 mm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 37A, C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Map 1. Map of Australia showing areas that are expanded in subsequent figures. CD = Central Desert group, D = Karaops dawara group, F = Karaops francesae group, K = Kimberley group, UA = species that are not assigned to a group, PG = Pilbara-Gascoyne group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Maps 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 8" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Map 8. Species that are not currently placed in a species group. Diamonds (juveniles): blue = Little Mertens, red = Ruby Plains, pink = Nackeroo Lookout; Circles: yellow = Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., green = Karaops markharveyi sp. nov., purple = Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov., blue = Karaops madhawundu sp. nov., red = Karaops mareeba sp. nov. Juveniles are treated as distinct species based on molecular data." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-05-29" collectorName="S. Crews, J. DeJong" county="Purnululu National Park" latitude="-17.489075" location="Cathedral Gorge" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.3748" municipality="Bungle Bungles" specimenCount="♀" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="Western Australia">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
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•
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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(reared in captivity);
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<collectingCounty>Purnululu National Park</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Bungle Bungles</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:75B13A049E535DE8B3EE6433A419E811:E816E204E022C237410B07E651D75CF4" county="Purnululu National Park" latitude="-17.489075" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.3748" municipality="Bungle Bungles" name="Cathedral Gorge" stateProvince="Western Australia">Cathedral Gorge</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:75B13A049E535DE8B3EE6433A419E811:6DAE1CC2E935EDA4F65D9621909CD29D" county="Purnululu National Park" latitude="-17.489075" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.3748" municipality="Bungle Bungles" name="Picaninny Lookout" stateProvince="Western Australia">Picaninny Lookout</location>
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; vic.
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="20.67" value="-17.489075">17°29'20.67"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="29.27" value="128.3748">128°22'29.27"E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2016-05-29">29 May 2016</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>S. Crews</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>J. DeJong</collectorName>
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leg.; at night on rock walls near overhangs; sel_1302, SCC16_065; (WAM T155678)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="S. Crews & J. DeJong" county="Purnululu National Park" latitude="-17.489075" location="Cathedral Gorge" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.3748" municipality="Bungle Bungles" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="Paratype">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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(reared in captivity); same data as previous; sel_1300; (WAM T155676)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="S. Crews & J. DeJong" county="Purnululu National Park" latitude="-17.489075" location="Cathedral Gorge" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.3748" municipality="Bungle Bungles" specimenCount="7" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="Other material examined">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus isOtherTypeStatus="true">Other material examined</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<specimenCount type="generic">7 imm.</specimenCount>
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, same data as holotype; sel_1296-1299, 1301, 1303-1304; (WAM T155672-T155675, T155677, T155679-T155680)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Females of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 33. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops sp. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype female, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1302, WAM T 155677) B same, epigyne C same, endogyne D same E Karaops sp., Ruby Plains, Western Australia (sel _ 1279, WAM T 155655). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 35. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia A holotype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) B adult female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 37. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., with hymenopteran prey, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia B Karaops yumbubaarnji, paratype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) C Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov., holotype male, Southern Lost City, Limmen National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1343, MAGNT A 004899). Scale bars: 1 mm (B); 2 mm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37A</figureCitation>
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) are superficially similar to those of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="K. burbidgei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="burbidgei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. burbidgei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="K. nyamal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nyamal">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. nyamal</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as they all have m-shaped hoods on the median field.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. can be distinguished by having long, narrow copulatory ducts that are less sclerotized at their origin and extend lateroposteriorly (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 33. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops sp. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype female, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1302, WAM T 155677) B same, epigyne C same, endogyne D same E Karaops sp., Ruby Plains, Western Australia (sel _ 1279, WAM T 155655). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops burbidgei" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burbidgei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops burbidgei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has very short copulatory ducts, and the copulatory ducts of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="K. nyamal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nyamal">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. nyamal</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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extend anteriorly then sharply curve posteriorly (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 469" refId="B11" refString="Crews, SC, 2013. Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia. Zootaxa 3647 (3): 443 - 469, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" title="Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" volume="3647" year="2013">Crews 2013</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 32, 34).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 33" startId="F40">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 33.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., holotype female, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel_1302, WAM T155677)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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same, epigyne
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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same, endogyne
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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same
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp., Ruby Plains, Western Australia (sel_1279, WAM T155655). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
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); 1 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 34" startId="F41">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 34.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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live spider on sandstone
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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habitat, Bungle Bungles.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The males of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 34. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia A live spider on sandstone B habitat, Bungle Bungles." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 35. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia A holotype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) B adult female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35A</figureCitation>
|
||
) are not really similar to any other known species. They do have a chemosensory patch on the cymbial tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 36. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype male, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) A palp, ventral, arrow indicates expanded part below B palp, retrolateral C close up of the median apophysis showing small, spine-like process. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) as in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. markharveyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="markharveyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. markharveyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.; however, the patch is small and restricted to the retrolateral side of the cymbium apically. The conductor of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. yumbubaarnji" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. has an apophysis that is projected ventrally like several
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews & Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in the Pilbara, but it is connected to the larger tegular sheath (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 36. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype male, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) A palp, ventral, arrow indicates expanded part below B palp, retrolateral C close up of the median apophysis showing small, spine-like process. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Unique features include a bifid dRTA (in lateral view) and the median apophysis has a small, spine-like apophysis that is difficult to see (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 36. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype male, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) A palp, ventral, arrow indicates expanded part below B palp, retrolateral C close up of the median apophysis showing small, spine-like process. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 35" startId="F42">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 35.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
holotype male (sel_1300, WAM T155676)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
adult female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 36" startId="F43">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 36.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype male, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel_1300, WAM T155676)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
palp, ventral, arrow indicates expanded part below
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
palp, retrolateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
close up of the median apophysis showing small, spine-like process. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Map 8" startId="F44">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Map 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Species that are not currently placed in a species group. Diamonds (juveniles): blue = Little Mertens, red = Ruby Plains, pink = Nackeroo Lookout; Circles: yellow =
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., green =
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops markharveyi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="markharveyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops markharveyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., purple =
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops kennerleyorum" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kennerleyorum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops kennerleyorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., blue =
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops madhawundu" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madhawundu">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops madhawundu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., red =
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops mareeba" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mareeba">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops mareeba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. Juveniles are treated as distinct species based on molecular data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype). Total length 5.22. Carapace: length 2.55, width 3.37. Chelicerae: promargin with three teeth, retromargin with two teeth. Eyes: AER recurved, PER strongly recurved; diameters AME 0.14, ALE 0.08, PME 0.23, PLE 0.29; interdistances AME-PME 0.04, PME-ALE 0.10, ALE-PLE 0.28, PME-PME 0.80, ALE-ALE 1.11, AME-AME 0.39, PLE-PLE 1.38. Sternum: length 1.43, width 1.70. Abdomen: length 2.67, width 2.04. Color (in life Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 33. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops sp. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype female, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1302, WAM T 155677) B same, epigyne C same, endogyne D same E Karaops sp., Ruby Plains, Western Australia (sel _ 1279, WAM T 155655). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 35. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia A holotype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) B adult female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 37. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., with hymenopteran prey, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia B Karaops yumbubaarnji, paratype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) C Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov., holotype male, Southern Lost City, Limmen National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1343, MAGNT A 004899). Scale bars: 1 mm (B); 2 mm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37A</figureCitation>
|
||
/preserved Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 33. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops sp. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype female, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1302, WAM T 155677) B same, epigyne C same, endogyne D same E Karaops sp., Ruby Plains, Western Australia (sel _ 1279, WAM T 155655). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33D</figureCitation>
|
||
): Carapace: yellowish with dark marks medially just behind eyes, two dark patches laterally extending to middle of carapace, dark spot behind furrow, white setae behind eyes, tufts laterally that extend along radial furrows, dispersed, short, dark, thick setae/whitish yellow, dark spots, pale setal tufts not as conspicuous. Chelicerae: yellow-brown with small dark mark just below clypeus, paturon with longitudinal curved mark frontally, cheliceral setae pale, darkened anteromedially. Maxillae: yellowish white. Labium: tan, pale distally. Sternum: yellow-brown. Abdomen: dorsally brownish with dark and pale spots and patches, most prominent are two anterior white spots and a darker posterior chevron, hirsute, with longer, thick, dark setae and longer dark, thin setae interspersed/more yellowish orange, dark and pale spots and patches less conspicuous; ventrally yellowish white. Legs: yellowish with unfilled annulations, Cx, Tr all with an anterior dot, slightly dusky jagged annulations on Fm, Pt dark at Fm-Pt joint, two jagged dusky annulations on Ti, Mt with dark annulations on Ti-Mt joint and Mt-Ta joint, Ta tip dusky; Fm ventrally with flat, enlarged, white setae, spines on all legs dark at base, lightened to orange distally; spination leg I Fm d 1-1-1, pr 1-1-0, Ti v 2-2-2-2-2-2, there is a small 7th spine toward pl side, and 6thrl is also small, Mt v 2-2-2-2; leg II Fm d 1-1-1, pr 0-0-1, Ti v 2-2-2-2-2-2, Mt v 2-2-2-2-2, single, very small spine toward pl side; leg III Fm d 1-1-1, pr 0-0-1, Ti v 1-1-1; leg IV Fm d 1-1-1; leg formula 3241; measurements leg I 9.56 (3.03, 0.98, 2.59, 1.96, 1.00); leg II 10.81 (3.45, 1.15, 2.98, 2.14, 1.09); leg III 11.03 (3.55, 1.16, 3.04, 2.04, 1.24); leg IV 9.66 (3.19, 0.97, 2.61, 1.90, 0.99). Palp: spination Fm d 0-1-2; 2.41 (0.89, 0.36, 0.45, 0.71); claw with eight teeth. Epigyne: EP rounded anteriorly, with straight posterior margin, not much longer than wide, MF with hoods forming an m-shape; LLs separated posteriorly; COs beneath hoods, anteriorly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 33. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops sp. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype female, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1302, WAM T 155677) B same, epigyne C same, endogyne D same E Karaops sp., Ruby Plains, Western Australia (sel _ 1279, WAM T 155655). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Endogyne: CDs originate medially, extend lateroposteriorly, coiling anteriorly, less sclerotized than AB and S; oval ABs reaching lateral edges of EP; S more oblong; FDs extended anterolaterally; very small pdf that grades into UE (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 33. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops sp. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype female, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1302, WAM T 155677) B same, epigyne C same, endogyne D same E Karaops sp., Ruby Plains, Western Australia (sel _ 1279, WAM T 155655). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (B, C); 1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816420" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">33C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(paratype). Total length 3.77. Carapace: length 2.12, width 2.64. Chelicerae: promargin with three teeth, retromargin with two teeth. Eyes: AER recurved, PER strongly recurved; diameters AME 0.10, ALE 0.08, PME 0.14, PLE 0.22; interdistances AME-PME 0.04, PME-ALE 0.10, ALE-PLE 0.21, PME-PME 0.57, ALE-ALE 0.80, AME-AME 0.28, PLE-PLE 0.97. Sternum: length 1.16, width 1.48. Abdomen: length 1.65, width 1.19. Color (in life Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 35. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia A holotype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) B adult female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35A</figureCitation>
|
||
/preserved Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 37. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov. and Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov. A Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., with hymenopteran prey, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia B Karaops yumbubaarnji, paratype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) C Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov., holotype male, Southern Lost City, Limmen National Park, Northern Territory (sel _ 1343, MAGNT A 004899). Scale bars: 1 mm (B); 2 mm (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Carapace: yellowish brown, two dark patches behind PLEs extended posteriorly nearly midway, dark patch extended from posterior part of furrow to posterior of carapace, two pairs of lateral dark patches/yellowish white, paler, less conspicuous markings, pale setae just behind and lateral to eyes, slender, short, stiff setae. Chelicerae: yellowish brown, paturon with a longitudinal curved mark frontally, setae pale, darkened anteromedially. Maxillae: yellowish white. Labium: dusky, pale distally. Sternum: yellowish white. Abdomen: dorsally yellowish brown, two pairs of white dots anteromedially and medially, dark patches from center to posterior/orangish with markings less conspicuous; ventrally yellowish brown. Legs: yellowish tan with darker markings, Cx, Tr with dark spot prolaterally, Fm with dark dot near Fm-Tr joint, jagged dusky annulations, pale in centers, Pt with dusky annulation at Fm-Pt joint, Ti with two jagged annulations, centers slightly darker than those on Fm, Mt same as previous but space between annulations pigmented, Ta dusky/pale, yellowish white; Fm with white setal tufts enlarged distally along ventral surface of legs; spination leg I Fm d 1-1-1, pr 1-1-0, Ti v 2-2-2-2-2-2-2, Mt v 2-1-2; leg II Fm d 1-1-1, pr 0-0-1, Ti v 2-2-2-2-2-2, Mt v 2-2-2-2; leg III Fm d 1-1-1, rl 0-0-1, Ti v 2-2, Mt v 2-0; leg IV Fm d 1-1-1, rl 0-1-1, Ti v 1-1; leg formula 3241; measurements leg I 8.26 (2.40, 0.79, 2.27, 1.80, 1.00); leg II 10.21 (3.10, 0.92, 2.79, 2.30, 1.10); leg III 10.91 (3.51, 0.93, 3.01, 2.40, 1.06); leg IV 9.53 (3.06, 0.80, 2.43, 2.23, 1.01). Palp: spination Fm d 0-1-2; 2.20 (0.77, Pt 0.37, Ti 0.31, Ta 0.75); RTA darker than Ti, vRTA smaller than dRTA, squared off distally, dRTA bifid, with more basal branch rounded, apical one squared off; rbcp small; Cy roundish, patch of sensory setae conspicuous in retrolateral view; C located ~ 9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
|
||
, CS completely covering ~ 1/2 of E, at 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
|
||
position, TS connects to the CS and the distal end of C that arises anteromedially from the T (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 36. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype male, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) A palp, ventral, arrow indicates expanded part below B palp, retrolateral C close up of the median apophysis showing small, spine-like process. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36A</figureCitation>
|
||
), projected ventrally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 36. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype male, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) A palp, ventral, arrow indicates expanded part below B palp, retrolateral C close up of the median apophysis showing small, spine-like process. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36B</figureCitation>
|
||
); E long, beginning at ~ 6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ending ~ 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
|
||
, arising from a small TL; MA uniformly sclerotized, base wide, narrowed distally, slightly widened at tip, truncate, narrow spine-like process retrolaterally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 36. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., holotype male, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) A palp, ventral, arrow indicates expanded part below B palp, retrolateral C close up of the median apophysis showing small, spine-like process. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816423" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816425" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 37" startId="F45">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 37.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops kennerleyorum" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kennerleyorum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops kennerleyorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., with hymenopteran prey, Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paratype male (sel_1300, WAM T155676)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops kennerleyorum" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kennerleyorum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops kennerleyorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., holotype male, Southern Lost City, Limmen National Park, Northern Territory (sel_1343, MAGNT A004899). Scale bars: 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
); 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The species name is a combination of the Kija/Gija word for spider and the Jaru word for spider,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">baarnji</emphasis>
|
||
(Gija) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Purdie, S" journalOrPublisher="Batchelor Institute Press, Batchelor, Palmerston, Australia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B46" refString="Purdie, S, Wightman, G, Patrick, P, Nyadbi, L, Thomas, P, Fletcher, D, Barrett, G, Ramsey, M, Watbi, D, Martin, M, Thomas, M, Thomas, M, Widalji, P, Kofod, F, Thomas, S, Mung, P, Peters, R, Blythe, J, Wightman, G, 2018. Gija Plants and Animals. Batchelor Institute Press, Batchelor, Palmerston, Australia" title="Gija Plants and Animals." year="2018">Purdie et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbu" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbu">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Jaru) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Deegan, B" journalOrPublisher="Kimberley Language Resource Centre, Halls Creek" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B17" refString="Deegan, B, Sturt, B, Ryder, D, Butcher, M, Brumby, S, Long, G, Badngarri, NN, Lannigan, J, Blythe, J, Wightman, G, 2010. Jaru Plants and Animals. Kimberley Language Resource Centre, Halls Creek" title="Jaru Plants and Animals." year="2010">Deegan et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Known only from the type locality Purnululu National Park, northeastern Western Australia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 20. Members of the Kimberley species group A Karaops dejongi sp. nov., eating a hymenopteran, RAAF Boab Quarry, Western Australia (photo: J. DeJong) B Karaops sp., Geike Gorge, Western Australia C Karaops dejongi sp. nov., paratype male, palp, dorsal, RAAF Boab Quarry, Western Australia (sel _ 1272, WAM T 155648) D Karaops sp., Mimbi Caves, Western Australia E Karaops sp., Keep River National Park, Northern Territory. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816407" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20F</figureCitation>
|
||
, Map
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 8" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Map 8. Species that are not currently placed in a species group. Diamonds (juveniles): blue = Little Mertens, red = Ruby Plains, pink = Nackeroo Lookout; Circles: yellow = Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., green = Karaops markharveyi sp. nov., purple = Karaops kennerleyorum sp. nov., blue = Karaops madhawundu sp. nov., red = Karaops mareeba sp. nov. Juveniles are treated as distinct species based on molecular data." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This species occurs in the Purnululu subregion of the Ord Victoria Plains bioregion. A major river system, that of the Ord River, is found in the subregion, draining plains and hillier areas. Rainfall is 500-800 mm/year. Vegetation includes
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. and several grasses (Mitchell grass, curly bluegrass, golden beard grass, spinifex). There are many localized and rare species in the area associated with the Bungle Bungle Ranges, such as the skink
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Storr" authorityYear="1991" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lerista" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lerista bunglebungle" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bunglebungle">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lerista bunglebungle</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Storrand, and many plants, and the Bungle massif is an important refuge (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Morton, SR" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/24582/" refId="B43" refString="Morton, SR, Short, J, Barker, RD, 1995. Refugia for biological diversity in arid and semi-arid Australia. Department of the Environment, Sport and Territories, Canberra, Australia. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/24582/" title="Refugia for biological diversity in arid and semi-arid Australia. Department of the Environment, Sport and Territories, Canberra, Australia." url="https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/24582/" year="1995">Morton et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although there have been targeted surveys of plants and animals in Purnululu National Park, this species was unknown. The climate is dry monsoonal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
All specimens were collected as immatures and reared in captivity. They were all collected at night on sandstone walls beneath overhangs (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 35. Karaops yumbubaarnji sp. nov., Cathedral Gorge Lookout, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia A holotype male (sel _ 1300, WAM T 155676) B adult female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816422" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Females matured when the climate is transitioning from cooler to warmer, and adult males soon after, when it begins to get wetter and hotter (Suppl. material 2: tables S1, S12).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbubaarnji" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbubaarnji">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbubaarnji</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. can be added to the list of endemics for Purnululu National Park. Despite the area being surveyed for plants and animals previously, this spider went undetected, indicating that there are probably other species, including endemics, that were missed during previous surveys. This is one of the smallest selenopid species, only surpassed by
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. kwartatuma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kwartatuma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. kwartatuma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. markharveyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="markharveyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. markharveyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops yumbu" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yumbu">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops yumbu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also occurs in this subregion, but it has not been found in the park.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |