475 lines
58 KiB
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475 lines
58 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FE9982AB76204D24C2C25B78870C354A">New species, new records and redescriptions of Thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) from Southern Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4B5700FFA641F965CA13C9FB7126E92B">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="2B61A904B919FFEA18B87D1BFD70F93A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3514174" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119425509" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3514174" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B61A904B919FFEA18B87D1BFD70F93A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B61A904B919FFEA18B87D1BFD70F93A" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B919FFEF18B87D1BFEE2F835" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A3771812B919FFEF18B87D1BFD70F8D4" blockId="17.[151,663,1874,1933]" box="[151,663,1874,1900]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<heading id="F83FAF7EB919FFEF18B87D1BFD70F8D4" bold="true" box="[151,663,1874,1900]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="64C86391B919FFEF18B87D1BFD70F8D4" ID-CoL="449DQ" authority="McCrady, 1859" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,663,1874,1900]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadridens">
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<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF18B87D1BFD70F8D4" bold="true" box="[151,663,1874,1900]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF18B87D1BFE34F8D4" bold="true" box="[151,467,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Monostaechas quadridens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B919FFEF19F57D1BFD70F8D4" author="McCrady" box="[474,663,1874,1900]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="McCrady, J. (1859) Gymnopthalmata of Charleston Harbor. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of Natural History of Charleston, South Carolina, 1, 103 - 221, pls 8 - 12." type="journal article" year="1859">McCrady, 1859</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A3771812B919FFEF18B87D3CFEE2F835" blockId="17.[151,663,1874,1933]" box="[151,261,1909,1933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 9A–J</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B919FFEC18B87DF4FC7CFE79" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="A3771812B919FFEC18B87DF4FC07FEDE" blockId="17.[151,1436,1981,2034]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,152,449]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="64C86391B919FFEF18B87DF4FD6AF86B" ID-CoL="449DQ" authority="McCrady, 1859: 199" authorityName="McCrady" authorityPageNumber="199" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,653,1981,2003]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadridens">
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<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF18B87DF4FE41F86B" box="[151,422,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Monostaechas quadridens</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B919FFEF199E7DF4FD6AF86B" author="McCrady" box="[433,653,1981,2003]" page="199" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1859">
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<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B919FFEF199E7DF4FDB0F86B" author="McCrady" box="[433,599,1981,2003]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="McCrady, J. (1859) Gymnopthalmata of Charleston Harbor. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of Natural History of Charleston, South Carolina, 1, 103 - 221, pls 8 - 12." type="journal article" year="1859">McCrady, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 199
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.–
|
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<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B919FFEF1A857DF7FC80F86B" author="Fraser" box="[682,871,1982,2003]" page="380" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1912">
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<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B919FFEF1A857DF7FCD7F86B" author="Fraser" box="[682,816,1982,2003]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1912) Some hydroids of Beaufort, North Carolina. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, Washington, 30, 337 - 387." type="journal article" year="1912">Fraser, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 380
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 46.–
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<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B919FFEF1BF37DF4FB50F86B" author="Jaderholm" box="[988,1207,1981,2003]" page="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1919">
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<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B919FFEF1BF37DF4FB6BF86B" author="Jaderholm" box="[988,1164,1981,2003]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna Japans. Arkiv for Zoologi, 12, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1919">Jäderholm, 1919</bibRefCitation>
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: 20
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</treatmentCitation>
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. –
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<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B919FFEF1CF17DF4FA67F86B" author="Bedot" box="[1246,1408,1981,2003]" page="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1921">
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<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B919FFEF1CF17DF4FA85F86B" author="Bedot" box="[1246,1378,1981,2003]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Bedot, M. (1921) Notes systematiques sur les plumularides. 1 re partie. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 28, 311 - 356." type="journal article" year="1921">Bedot, 1921</bibRefCitation>
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: 6
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. – Stechow, 1923: 18.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B919FFEF19B27D95FD8FF84A" author="Stechow" box="[413,616,2012,2034]" page="252" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1925">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B919FFEF19B27D95FDD1F84A" author="Stechow" box="[413,566,2012,2034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Stechow, E. (1925) Hydroiden von West- und Sudwestaustralien nach den Sammlungen von Prof. Dr. Michaelsen und Prof. Dr. Hartmeyer. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 50, 191 - 270." type="journal article" year="1925">Stechow, 1925</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 252
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B919FFEF1AAF7D95FCD9F849" author="Leloup" box="[640,830,2012,2034]" page="108" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1937">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B919FFEF1AAF7D95FCECF849" author="Leloup" box="[640,779,2012,2034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Leloup, E. (1937) Hydroidea, Siphonophora, Ceriantharia. I. Hydropolypes. In Resultats scientifiques des croisieres du navireecole belge " Mercator ". Vol I. pt vi. Memoires du Museum Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 9, 91 - 121." type="journal article" year="1937">Leloup, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 108
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 117, fig. 10.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B919FFEF1BF67D94FB6CF849" author="Fraser" box="[985,1163,2012,2034]" page="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1938">
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<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B919FFEF1BF67D94FB81F849" author="Fraser" box="[985,1126,2012,2034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1938 a) Hydroids of the 1943 Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition. Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition, 4 (1), 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1938" yearSuffix="a">Fraser, 1938a</bibRefCitation>
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: 10
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 61.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B919FFEF1CE57D94FA6DF84A" author="Fraser" box="[1226,1418,2012,2034]" page="135" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1938">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B919FFEF1CE57D94FABEF84A" author="Fraser" box="[1226,1369,2012,2034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1938 b) Hydroids of the 1936 and 1937 Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition, 4 (2), 107 - 127." type="journal article" year="1938" yearSuffix="b">Fraser, 1938b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 135
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC18E87AD0FE62FF15" author="Fraser" box="[199,389,152,174]" page="111" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1938">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC18E87AD0FEB3FF15" author="Fraser" box="[199,340,152,174]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1938 c) Hydroids of the 1932, 1933, 1935 and 1938 Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition, 4 (3), 129 - 152." type="journal article" year="1938" yearSuffix="c">Fraser, 1938c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 111
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC19B07AD0FDB1FF16" author="Fraser" box="[415,598,152,174]" page="161" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1939">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC19B07AD0FDC5FF15" author="Fraser" box="[415,546,152,174]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1939) Distribution of the hydroids in the collections of the Allan Hancock Expeditions. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 4, 155 - 178." type="journal article" year="1939">Fraser, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 161
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. –
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1A597AD0FCF9FF16" author="Fraser" box="[630,798,152,174]" page="95" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1943">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1A597AD0FD1FFF15" author="Fraser" box="[630,760,152,174]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1943) Distribution records of some hydroids in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, with descriptions of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 22, 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser, 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 95
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1B177AD0FC06FF15" author="Fraser" box="[824,993,152,174]" page="40" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1944">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1B177AD0FC5CFF15" author="Fraser" box="[824,955,152,174]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1 - 451." type="book chapter" year="1944">Fraser, 1944</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 40
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1BD57AD0FB48FF16" author="Fraser" box="[1018,1199,152,174]" page="334" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1944">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1BD57AD0FB9AFF15" author="Fraser" box="[1018,1149,152,174]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1 - 451." type="book chapter" year="1944">Fraser, 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 334
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–335, pl. 71, fig. 323.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC18E87AFEFE8BFF74" author="Fraser" box="[199,364,182,204]" page="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1945">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC18E87AFEFEAFFF74" author="Fraser" box="[199,328,182,204]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1945) Notes on some recently collected hydroids in the United States National Museum, with descriptions of three new species. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 35, 21 - 23." type="journal article" year="1945">Fraser, 1945</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 21
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC19AB7AFEFDDFFF74" author="Fraser" box="[388,568,183,204]" page="274" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1948">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC19AB7AFEFDE2FF74" author="Fraser" box="[388,517,183,204]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1948) Hydroids of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions since March, 1938. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 4, 179 - 343." type="journal article" year="1948">Fraser, 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 274
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. –
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1A7B7AFFFCD3FF74" author="Pennycuik" box="[596,820,182,204]" page="178" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1959">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1A7B7AFFFCE5FF74" author="Pennycuik" box="[596,770,182,204]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Pennycuik, P. R. (1959) Faunistic records from Queensland. Part V. Marine and brackish water hydroids. Papers of the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland, 1, 141 - 210." type="journal article" year="1959">Pennycuik, 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 178
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 3 fig. 6.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1BEF7AFFFB9FFF74" author="Yamada" box="[960,1144,182,204]" page="81" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1959">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1BEF7AFFFBB2FF74" author="Yamada" box="[960,1109,182,204]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Yamada, M. (1959) Hydroid fauna of Japanese and its adjacent waters. Publications from the Akkeshi Marine Biological Station, 9, 1 - 101." type="journal article" year="1959">Yamada, 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 81
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1CBE7AFEFABFFF74" author="Mammen" box="[1169,1368,182,204]" page="98" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1965">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1CBE7AFEFAD3FF74" author="Mammen" box="[1169,1332,182,204]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Mammen, T. A. (1965) On a collection of hydroids from South India. II. Suborder Thecata (excluding family Plumulariidae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 7, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1965">Mammen, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 98
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1D5E7AFEFE8FFF53" author="Vervoort" page="61" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1968">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1D5E7AFEFEA6FF53" author="Vervoort" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Vervoort, W. (1968) Report on a collection of Hydroida from the Caribbean region, including an annotated checklist of Caribbean hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 92, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1968">Vervoort, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 61
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. –
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC19A67A9CFD76FF52" author="Rho" box="[393,657,213,235]" page="101" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1972">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC19A67A9CFDB9FF52" author="Rho" box="[393,606,213,235]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Rho, B. J. & Chang, S. R. (1972) A taxonomic study of the marine hydroids in Korea. 3. Marine hydroids from Jeju-Do and Chuja-Kundo. Journal of the Korean Research Institute for Better Living, Ewha Womans University, 9, 97 - 112. (Korean with English summary)." type="journal article" year="1972">Rho & Chang, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 101
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 3 figs 12.– Millard, 1973: 30.–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1C277A9CFAF2FF52" author="Millard" box="[1032,1301,213,235]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Millard, N. A. H. & Bouillon, J. (1973) Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). Annales du Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Serie in 8 °, Sciences Zoologiques, 206, 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1973">Millard & Bouillon, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. 206: 8, 85.– Hirohito, 1974: 35, fig. 16.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC19C77ABAFCE1FEB1" author="Millard" box="[488,774,243,265]" page="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1974">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC19C77ABAFD08FEB1" author="Millard" box="[488,751,243,265]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Millard, N. A. H. & Bouillon, J. (1974) A collection of hydroids from Mocambique, East Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 65, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1974">Millard & Bouillon, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 9
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1B317ABAFBFAFEB1" author="Rho" box="[798,1053,243,265]" page="148" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1974">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1B317ABAFC0BFEB1" author="Rho" box="[798,1004,243,265]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Rho, B. J. & Chang, S. R. (1974) On the classification and the distribution of the marine benthic animals in Korea. I. Hydroids. Journal of the Korean Research Institute for Better Living, Ewha Womans University, 12, 133 - 158." type="journal article" year="1974">Rho & Chang, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 148
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1C1B7ABAFB14FEB1" author="Millard" box="[1076,1267,243,265]" page="195" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1978">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1C1B7ABAFB24FEB1" author="Millard" box="[1076,1219,243,265]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1978) The geographical distribution of southern African hydroids. Annals of the South African Museum, 74, 159 - 200." type="journal article" year="1978">Millard, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 195
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1D247ABCFF08FE90" author="Watson" page="234" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1D247ABCFA7FFEB1" author="Watson" box="[1291,1432,244,266]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Watson, J. E. (1979) Biota of a temperate shallow water reef. Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales, 103, 227 - 235." type="journal article" year="1979">Watson, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 234
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC19277B5BFE39FE90" author="Ljubenkov" box="[264,478,274,296]" page="50" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1980">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC19277B5BFE5FFE90" author="Ljubenkov" box="[264,440,274,296]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Ljubenkov, J. C. (1980) Phylum Cnidaria. In Straughan, D. & Klink, R. W. (eds) A taxonomic listing of common marine invertebrate species from southern California. Technical Reports of the Allan Hancock Foundation, 3, 44 - 68." type="journal article" year="1980">Ljubenkov, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 50
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC19D87B5BFD43FE90" author="Calder" box="[503,676,274,296]" page="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC19D87B5BFD99FE90" author="Calder" box="[503,638,274,296]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Calder, D. R. (1983) Hydroida from estuaries of South Carolina, USA: families Sertulariidae and Plumulariidae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 96, 7 - 28." type="journal article" year="1983">Calder, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 17
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 9.– Hirohito, 1983: 65.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1BF37B5BFB65FE90" author="Park" box="[988,1154,274,296]" page="294" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1BF37B5BFBA9FE90" author="Park" box="[988,1102,274,296]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Park, J-H. (1992) Zoogeographical distribution of marine hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Hydroida) in Korea. Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology, 8, 279 - 299." type="journal article" year="1992">Park, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 294
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1CB57B5BFE83FEFF" author="Bouillon" page="50" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1CB57B5BFED9FEFF" author="Bouillon" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Bouillon, J., Massin, C. & Kresevic, R. (1995) Hydroidomedusae de l'Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. Documents de Travail de l'Insitut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 78, 3 - 106." type="journal article" year="1995">Bouillon, Massin & Kresevic, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 50
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.– Hirohito, 1995: 249, fig. 84a–g.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1AFB7B78FC68FEFF" author="Migotto" box="[724,911,305,327]" page="50" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1AFB7B78FC8EFEFF" author="Migotto" box="[724,873,305,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Migotto, A. E. (1996) Benthic shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the coast of Sao Sebastiao, Brazil, including a checklist of Brazilian hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 306, 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1996">Migotto, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 50
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 123, fig.
|
||
<date id="D7763ED2B91AFFEC1BD97B78FBE9FEFF" box="[1014,1038,305,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">9i.</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1C0B7B7BFB3FFEFF" author="Watson" box="[1060,1240,305,327]" page="78" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1C0B7B7BFB55FEFF" author="Watson" box="[1060,1202,305,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Watson, J. E. (1996) Distribution and biogeographic relationships of the hydroid fauna of the Australian west coast: a preliminary account. In S. Piraino, F. Boero, J. Bouillon, P. F. S. Cornelius & J-M. Gili (eds), Advances in Hydrozoan Biology, Scientia Marina, 60, 75 - 83." type="journal article" year="1996">Watson, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 78
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1CDF7B78FF08FEDD" author="Schuchert" page="130" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1997">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1CDF7B78FA7FFEFF" author="Schuchert" box="[1264,1432,305,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 130
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 47.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC197A7B19FD88FEDD" author="Ansin" box="[341,623,336,358]" page="171" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC197A7B19FDDAFEDD" author="Ansin" box="[341,573,336,358]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Ramil, F. & Vervoort, W. (2001) Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopteriidae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania - II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden 333, 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Ansín Agís,
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91AFFEC19FB7B18FE1EFEDE" box="[468,505,337,358]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et a</emphasis>
|
||
l 2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 171
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 71.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1AFA7B19FC63FEDE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3508622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3508622" author="Galea" box="[725,900,336,358]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D787AB6C1FFFFDFF62CDCEA854B889" page="26" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1AFA7B19FCB9FEDD" author="Galea" box="[725,862,336,358]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Galea, H. R. (2010 a) Additional shallow-water thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Gaudeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles. Zootaxa, 2570, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="a">Galea, 2010a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 26
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig.
|
||
<specimenCount id="B5CED39BB91AFFEC1B997B19FC07FEDE" box="[950,992,336,358]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="generic">6M.</specimenCount>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91AFFEC18B87B26FC7CFE79" blockId="18.[151,1437,152,449]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="83D83F3CB91AFFEC18B87B26FC7CFE79" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91AFFEC18B87B26FDDFFE3C" ID-CoL="7XCLW" authority="Nutting, 1905: 959" authorityName="Nutting" authorityPageNumber="959" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,568,366,389]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91AFFEC18B87B26FE88FE3D" box="[151,367,367,389]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Monostaechas fisheri</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC19597B27FDDFFE3C" author="Nutting" box="[374,568,366,388]" page="959" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1905">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC19597B27FDE1FE3C" author="Nutting" box="[374,518,366,388]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1905) Hydroids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23, 931 - 959, pls 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1905">Nutting, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 959
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 5, fig. 3, pl. 12, fig. 8.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1B7C7B27FC00FE3C" author="Bedot" box="[851,999,366,388]" page="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1921">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1B7C7B27FC37FE3C" author="Bedot" box="[851,976,366,388]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Bedot, M. (1921) Notes systematiques sur les plumularides. 1 re partie. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 28, 311 - 356." type="journal article" year="1921">Bedot, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 6
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1BD07B27FB75FE3C" author="Bedot" box="[1023,1170,366,388]" page="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1921">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1BD07B27FB9CFE3C" author="Bedot" box="[1023,1147,366,388]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Bedot, M. (1921) Notes systematiques sur les plumularides. 1 re partie. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 28, 311 - 356." type="journal article" year="1921">Bedot, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 9
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.– Vannucci, 1949: 252, pl. 3, figs 51–54. –
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC19427BC4FD6EFE1A" author="Vannucci-Mendes" box="[365,649,397,419]" page="90" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1950">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC19427BC4FD84FE1B" author="Vannucci-Mendes" box="[365,611,397,419]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Vannucci-Mendes, M. (1950) Resulta dos cientificas do Cruzeiro do " Baependi " e do " Vega " a Ihla da Trindade. Boletim do Instituto Paulista de Oceanografia, 1, 81 - 96." type="journal article" year="1950">Vannucci-Mendes, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 90
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 1, fig. 6.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1B307BC4FC17FE1B" author="Vannucci" box="[799,1008,397,419]" page="106" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1951">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1B307BC4FC59FE1B" author="Vannucci" box="[799,958,397,419]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Vannucci, M. (1951) Hydrozoa e Scyphozoa existente no Instituto Paulista de Oceanografica. Boletim do Instituto Paulista de Oceanografica, 2 (1), 69 - 100." type="journal article" year="1951">Vannucci, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 106
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 108, 112, 114.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1CB07BC7FA7FFE1B" author="Von" box="[1183,1432,397,419]" page="896" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1965">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1CB07BC7FA82FE1B" author="Von" box="[1183,1381,397,419]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Von Schenck, D. A. (1965) Aglaophenia harpago, a new species of the Plumulariidae (Hydroidea). Pubblicazione della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli, 34 (3), 211 - 215." type="journal article" year="1965">Von Schenck, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 896
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 910, 926, fig. 3d, 9.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC19B47BE2FDBBFE79" author="Migotto" box="[411,604,427,449]" page="123" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC19B47BE2FDCAFE79" author="Migotto" box="[411,557,427,449]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Migotto, A. E. (1996) Benthic shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the coast of Sao Sebastiao, Brazil, including a checklist of Brazilian hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 306, 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1996">Migotto, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 123
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="22693E03B91AFFEC1A5B7BE2FCAEFE79" author="Schuchert" box="[628,841,427,449]" page="127" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1997">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91AFFEC1A5B7BE2FCFEFE79" author="Schuchert" box="[628,793,427,449]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 127
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 46.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B91AFFEC18B87BA7FF31FD66" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91AFFEC18B87BA7FF31FD66" blockId="18.[151,1437,494,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91AFFEC18B87BA7FE67FDBF" bold="true" box="[151,384,494,519]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="C5D980D7B91AFFEC19A87BA6FE2FFDBE" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[391,456,495,518]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
F171364, colony, and microslide from colony, Blairgowrie, Port Phillip, Victoria, large fertile colonies on pier pilings, depth
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91AFFEC1A6E785BFD6CFD92" box="[577,651,530,554]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 m</quantity>
|
||
, coll: J. Watson,
|
||
<date id="D7763ED2B91AFFEC1B60785BFC35FD92" box="[847,978,530,554]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2007-09-20">20/09/2007</date>
|
||
. Material alcohol preserved.
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91AFFEC1D33785AFE8DFDF6" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material in author’s collection</emphasis>
|
||
: Mornington, Port Phillip, Victoria, infertile colony on mussels (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91AFFEC1C7C787FFA8AFDF6" box="[1107,1389,566,590]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91AFFEC1C7C787FFA8AFDF6" box="[1107,1389,566,590]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mytilus galloprovincialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on pier pilings, depth
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91AFFEC19477813FE72FDCA" box="[360,405,602,626]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
, coll: J. Watson,
|
||
<date id="D7763ED2B91AFFEC1A7C7813FD31FDCA" box="[595,726,602,626]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1999-01-20">20/01/1999</date>
|
||
. Symonds Channel Port Phillip, fertile colony on sponge, depth
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91AFFEC18B87837FF34FD2E" box="[151,211,638,662]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</quantity>
|
||
, coll: J. Watson,
|
||
<date id="D7763ED2B91AFFEC19BA7837FDF0FD2E" box="[405,535,638,662]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2007-02-19">19/02/2007</date>
|
||
. Boat Rocks, Stradbroke Island, Queensland, infertile colony on red alga, depth
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91AFFEC18B878EBFF34FD02" box="[151,211,674,698]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
, coll: J. Watson,
|
||
<date id="D7763ED2B91AFFEC19B678EBFDFBFD02" box="[409,540,674,698]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1975-08-24">24/08/1975</date>
|
||
. Whitfords Reef, Perth, Western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B91AFFEC1BB978EBFBE7FD02" box="[918,1024,674,698]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91AFFEC1C7C78EBFB77FD02" box="[1107,1168,674,698]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
|
||
, coll: J. Watson,
|
||
<date id="D7763ED2B91AFFEC1D7978EBFF35FD66" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1983-11-22">22/11/ 1983</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B91AFFED18E878A3FC0DF99F" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91AFFEC18E878A3FE0BFC2A" blockId="18.[151,1437,494,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91AFFEC18E878A3FEBEFCBB" bold="true" box="[199,345,746,771]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colonies comprising bunches of many stems to
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91AFFEC1BA278A3FC0BFCBA" box="[909,1004,746,770]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
|
||
high. Hydrorhiza a tangle of stolons; stolons tubular, rugose, of same diameter as stems. Stems straight, monosiphonic, slender, lower stem region ahydrocladiate, internodes long, cylindrical, nodes transverse, varying from obscure to distinct, usually a slight tumescence below node; proximal internodes without nematothecae; internodes further up stem with up to six nematothecae in a double row.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91AFFEC18EA79D7FDBEFBFE" blockId="18.[151,1437,494,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Stems sparingly to much branched, primary branches opposite to alternate, distal on internode, arising from a long tubular, upwardly directed apophysis, distal node of apophysis transverse to weakly oblique, a nematotheca in axil and one cauline nematotheca below branch; primary branching from the stem dichotomous or trichotomous; when dichotomous, branches opposite, if trichotomous the third branch inserted between the first two; branches displaced towards front or back of stem.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91AFFEC18EA7E1BFDB0FB0A" blockId="18.[151,1437,494,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Primary branch internodes long, slender, ahydrothecate, with a row of up to five nematothecae; secondary and tertiary hydrocladia (branches) given off from distal apophyses on internode, a nematotheca in axil; tertiary branching more common in distal stem region.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91AFFEC18EA7EF7FD07FAA6" blockId="18.[151,1437,494,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proximal internode of hydrothecate hydrocladium with a long oblique proximal node passing below hydrotheca; secondary and tertiary hydrocladia usually beginning with a moderately long athecate internode with oblique distal node and two or three adaxillar nematothecae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91AFFEC18EA7F63FD66F9A2" blockId="18.[151,1437,494,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Hydrocladial internodes alternately hydrothecate and ahydrothecate; proximal node of hydrothecate internode strongly oblique, passing below hydrotheca, distal node transverse to weakly oblique, indistinct, athecate internode with one or two equidistant median nematothecae Hydrothecate internode short, with a centrally placed hydrotheca occupying much of internode, hydrotheca seated at an angle of c. 45° to internode, deep cup-shaped, adcauline wall straight, half wall free of internode, abcauline wall straight to weakly convex, slightly thickened, a small foramen connecting with internode at base of wall. Margin circular, transverse to hydrothecal axis, rim slightly everted, perisarc thin. Hydranth with c. 20 tentacles.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91AFFEC18EA7C6FFBBBF8AE" blockId="18.[151,1437,494,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">One median nematotheca on ahydrothecate internode two-chambered, base stout, adcauline side of cup foreshortened and adpressed to internode, median inferior nematotheca same, cup not reaching base of hydrotheca, twin lateral nematothecae movable, tall, splayed outwards on a long pedicel; base of nematotheca conical, about same length as pedicel, cup just overtopping hydrothecal margin, shallow, wide, reduced on side facing hydrotheca; median superior nematotheca single-chambered, small, ovoid, scoop-shaped, dorsally convex, tucked below adcauline wall of hydrotheca. Cauline nematothecae on branch internodes and gonothecae, same as twin laterals but without pedicel, a smaller one, sometimes absent, in axil of branches and hydrocladia.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91AFFEC18EA7D6BFD75F856" blockId="18.[151,1437,494,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Male and female gonothecae borne prolifically on same stems and sometimes on same hydrocladium. Male much smaller than female, kidney-shaped, tapering to base, walls smooth, inserted in internode on a pedicel of two segments beside a hydrotheca, a nematotheca at base, aperture terminal, small, circular. Female gonotheca large, kidney-shaped, tapering to base, walls smooth, inserted in internode beside a hydrotheca on a pedicel of three segments, two nematothecae at base; aperture terminal, large, circular, oblique, closed by a slightly domed operculum that ruptures to release a single planula larva.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18EA7ADEFD4CFF08" blockId="19.[197,683,151,176]" box="[197,683,151,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Cnidome of two categories of nematocysts:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18B87A96FC1BFEA4" blockId="19.[151,1436,223,320]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
i) large microbasic mastigophores, capsule oval,
|
||
<date id="D7763ED2B91BFFED1AE17A96FCCFFF4F" box="[718,808,223,247]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1918-10-20">18–20 x</date>
|
||
7 µm, shaft 17–20 µm long, with large spines, tubule 45 µm long, moderately thick, with small spines; abundant in nematothecae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18B87B6EFBD1FE87" blockId="19.[151,1436,223,320]" box="[151,1078,295,320]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
ii) small isorhizas, capsule
|
||
<date id="D7763ED2B91BFFED19F87B61FE1DFE87" box="[471,506,296,319]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">7 x</date>
|
||
3 µm, tubule c. 40 µm long; abundant in tentacles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18EA7B26FB87FE3F" blockId="19.[197,1398,367,429]" box="[197,1120,367,391]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Perisarc of hydrocaulus moderately thick, walls of hydrotheca and gonotheca thin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18EA7BDDFA91FE14" blockId="19.[197,1398,367,429]" box="[197,1398,404,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Colour of colonies dark purplish grey in life; male gonophore dark brown, female brown to creamy yellow.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F7B7489AB91BFFED18B87B9EFD15FE55" box="[151,754,471,493]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18B87B9EFD15FE55" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" box="[151,754,471,493]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED18B87B9EFEE3FE54" bold="true" box="[151,260,471,492]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">TABLE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED19257B9EFDF2FE55" box="[266,533,471,493]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED19257B9EFDF2FE55" box="[266,533,471,493]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Monostaechas quadridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, measurements, (µm)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18B37841FF37FDA5" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" box="[156,208,520,541]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Stem</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED188C7878FC0EFD7B" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">internode length 1800–2500 width at node 136–224 length of apophysis 88–120 diameter of apophysis at distal node 136–144</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18B3789FFF02FD54" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" box="[156,229,726,748]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Branch</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED188C7949FC1BFCAD" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" box="[163,1020,768,790]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">adcauline length of internode 1020–2000</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18B37960FEC8FC87" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" box="[156,303,809,831]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Hydrocladium</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED188C791BFC0DFC03" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">length of athecate internode 240–360 width at transverse node 80–96 length of hydrothecate internode (abaxial side) 264–336</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18B37987FEF5FC5C" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" box="[156,274,974,996]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Hydrotheca</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED188C79B1FC0DFBD8" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">length of free adcauline wall 128–160 length of abcauline wall 273–320 diameter of margin 256–280</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18B37E3AFEEDFB31" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" box="[156,266,1139,1161]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Gonotheca</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED188C7ED4FC0EFAE0" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">length of male 360–400 maximum width of male 216–224 length of female 900–1160 maximum width of female 520–600 length of pedicel (male and female) 110–112</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18B37F22FEC5FA39" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" box="[156,290,1387,1409]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Nematotheca</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED188C7FDCFC0DF99F" blockId="19.[151,1021,471,1575]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">total length of median inferior 88–100 total length of median superior 58–80 total length of lateral 100–120 total length of others 140–160</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B91BFFEA18EA7C2EFB77FEA4" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91BFFED18EA7C2EFB6AF87A" blockId="19.[151,1436,1638,1986]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED18EA7C2EFEDEF9C7" bold="true" box="[197,313,1639,1663]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The present material agrees in most respects with Nutting’s brief description (1905) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED1D0B7C21FEFEF91B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED1D0B7C21FEFEF91B" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Monostaechas fisheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and with dimensions given for both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED1A807CC5FCFBF91B" box="[687,796,1675,1699]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED1A807CC5FCFBF91B" box="[687,796,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M. fisheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED1B7E7CC5FC13F91B" box="[849,1012,1675,1699]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED1B7E7CC5FC8FF91B" box="[849,872,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED1B597CC2FC13F91B" box="[886,1012,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">quadridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91BFFED1C337CC3FB06F91A" author="Schuchert" box="[1052,1249,1674,1698]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91BFFED1CC47CC3FA7BF91A" author="Stechow" box="[1259,1436,1674,1698]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Stechow, E. (1925) Hydroiden von West- und Sudwestaustralien nach den Sammlungen von Prof. Dr. Michaelsen und Prof. Dr. Hartmeyer. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 50, 191 - 270." type="journal article" year="1925">Stechow (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91BFFED18E87CE6FE9CF97E" author="Vervoort" box="[199,379,1710,1734]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Vervoort, W. (1968) Report on a collection of Hydroida from the Caribbean region, including an annotated checklist of Caribbean hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 92, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1968">Vervoort (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found no clear differences between the two species and considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED1C547CE7FA8BF97E" box="[1147,1388,1710,1734]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED1C547CE7FA8BF97E" box="[1147,1388,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Monostaechas fisheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED18B87C9AFE58F953" box="[151,447,1747,1771]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED18B87C9AFE58F953" box="[151,447,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Monostaechas quadridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
conspecific.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91BFFED1A787C9BFCE3F952" author="Migotto" box="[599,772,1746,1770]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Migotto, A. E. (1996) Benthic shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the coast of Sao Sebastiao, Brazil, including a checklist of Brazilian hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 306, 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1996">Migotto (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91BFFED1B117C9BFBE7F952" author="Schuchert" box="[830,1024,1746,1770]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
discussed the supposed differences, Schuchert pointing out that only the presence of a distinct caulus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED1BA07CB1FC1BF8B6" box="[911,1020,1782,1807]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED1BA07CB1FC1BF8B6" box="[911,1020,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M. fisheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
separated the two species. Nevertheless he kept the two separate until such time as further material became available for examination.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91BFFED1CD17D53FA7BF88A" author="Calder" box="[1278,1436,1818,1842]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Calder, D. R. (1983) Hydroida from estuaries of South Carolina, USA: families Sertulariidae and Plumulariidae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 96, 7 - 28." type="journal article" year="1983">Calder (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified branched specimens 8.5 cm high as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED1A897D09FCADF8EE" box="[678,842,1854,1879]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED1A897D09FCADF8EE" box="[678,842,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M. quadridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a South Carolina estuary but without explanation kept it separate from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED19997D2DFDC5F8C3" box="[438,546,1891,1915]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED19997D2DFDC5F8C3" box="[438,546,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M. fisheri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. I have examined a specimen of a female colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91BFFED1C467D2DFAEBF8C3" box="[1129,1292,1891,1915]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED1C467D2DFB67F8C3" box="[1129,1152,1892,1915]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91BFFED1CA17D2AFAEBF8C3" box="[1166,1292,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">quadridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Sapelo Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B91BFFED18C47DCFFEA0F826" box="[235,327,1926,1950]" name="Georgia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B91BFFED197C7DCFFE6CF826" box="[339,395,1926,1950]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(coll: M. Gray,
|
||
<date id="D7763ED2B91BFFED1A6B7DCFFD07F826" box="[580,736,1926,1950]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1916-11">16 November</date>
|
||
, 1964, dredged,
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91BFFED1BB27DCFFC3FF826" box="[925,984,1926,1950]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
|
||
) loaned by the Royal Ontario Museum,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B91BFFED18B87DE3FF09F87A" box="[151,238,1962,1986]" name="Canada" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Other than the Port Phillip colonies being much taller the specimens are identical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91CFFEA18EA7ADEFB77FEA4" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,392]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Release of planula larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91CFFEA1A277AD1FCC8FF08" box="[520,815,152,176]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91CFFEA1A277AD1FCC8FF08" box="[520,815,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Monostaechas quadridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was observed in the laboratory. Near maturity the spadix of the female gonophore is displaced to one side to accommodate the growing planula. At release it is leechshaped, 1.5–
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91CFFEA190A7A96FE80FF4F" box="[293,359,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length with strong muscular bands and a rounded anterior end. The body is amber-coloured with indefinite spots and lines and a paler border. It moves rapidly with a slug-like motion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B91CFFEA18EA7B6EFD70F93A" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91CFFEA18EA7B6EFBEFFE3F" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,392]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91CFFEA18EA7B6EFEB9FEF8" bold="true" box="[197,350,295,320]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Temperate seas; recorded in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B91CFFEA1A8D7B6EFCEEFE87" box="[674,777,295,319]" name="Australia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
from Queensland (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91CFFEA1BF07B6EFB71FE87" author="Pennycuik" box="[991,1174,295,319]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Pennycuik, P. R. (1959) Faunistic records from Queensland. Part V. Marine and brackish water hydroids. Papers of the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland, 1, 141 - 210." type="journal article" year="1959">Pennycuik 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B91CFFEA1D1A7B6EFA7BFE87" box="[1333,1436,295,319]" name="Australia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91CFFEA18B17B05FEA6FEDC" author="Stechow" box="[158,321,332,356]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Stechow, E. (1924) Diagnosen neuer Hydroiden aus Australien. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 59, 57 - 69." type="journal article" year="1924">Stechow 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91CFFEA19637B05FE60FEDC" author="Stechow" box="[332,391,332,356]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Stechow, E. (1925) Hydroiden von West- und Sudwestaustralien nach den Sammlungen von Prof. Dr. Michaelsen und Prof. Dr. Hartmeyer. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 50, 191 - 270." type="journal article" year="1925">1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B91CFFEA19BD7B04FDCFFEDC" author="Watson" box="[402,552,332,356]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Watson, J. E. (1996) Distribution and biogeographic relationships of the hydroid fauna of the Australian west coast: a preliminary account. In S. Piraino, F. Boero, J. Bouillon, P. F. S. Cornelius & J-M. Gili (eds), Advances in Hydrozoan Biology, Scientia Marina, 60, 75 - 83." type="journal article" year="1996">Watson 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Over the past decade the species has become moderately common in southern Port Phillip suggesting that it may be a recent introduction to Victorian waters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A3771812B91CFFEA18B87FA4FD70F93A" blockId="20.[151,1436,1517,1666]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91CFFEA18B87FA4FEFFF9BB" bold="true" box="[151,280,1517,1540]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91CFFEA190A7FA7FDD1F9BC" box="[293,566,1518,1540]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Monostaechas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadridens">
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91CFFEA190A7FA7FDD1F9BC" box="[293,566,1518,1540]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Monostaechas quadridens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, stem from colony. B, trichotomously and dichotomously branched stem. C, hydrothecate internodes and ahydrothecate internode. D, hydrotheca, anterior view, median superior and inferior nematothecae not shown. E, female gonotheca. F, male gonotheca. G, lateral nematotheca, H, median inferior nematotheca. I, median superior nematotheca. J, newly released planula larva. Scale bar: A,
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91CFFEA1ADD7C03FCDCF9D8" box="[754,827,1610,1632]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
, B,
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91CFFEA1B4C7C03FC47F9D8" box="[867,928,1610,1632]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, C–F, 0.5 mm, G–I, 0.2 mm, J,
|
||
<quantity id="6430B5F7B91CFFEA1CF17C03FAFAF9D8" box="[1246,1309,1610,1632]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="91BCC400B91CFFEA18B87C21FD70F93A" bold="true" box="[151,663,1640,1666]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B91CFFEA18D97C21FD70F93A" authority="Stechow, 1921" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1921" box="[246,663,1640,1666]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Kirchenpaueriidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Kirchenpaueriidae Stechow, 1921</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |