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<document id="0F86A7746283AC0FABC1570FE25142DF" ID-CLB-Dataset="45833" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.203966" ID-GBIF-Dataset="473b918b-d698-4f39-bcbb-f19a2667753a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="203966" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460417338098" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Watson, Jeanette E." docDate="2011" docId="2B61A904B906FFEF18B87DDCFA71FE87" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03122p036.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3122" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Antennella singulata Watson, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="D758D17CB908FFFE182F7A49FFE7FFB8" masterDocTitle="New species, new records and redescriptions of Thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) from Southern Australia" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698329011631" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8C8CA20591B87EB7FDA7C131063058A5">New species, new records and redescriptions of Thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) from Southern Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1A5B5309578AB32DB46B1ADBFA905194" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7C262C61544B3AE3A19C05D99450FA8C">Watson, Jeanette E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3A14B5761B2E04E4A5C796F4B9A8F09B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="1D60DB7612F199D1A6F059B61E05886E">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E8D2C4EF2F4F4BE8186606E60E85D5CC" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FDAE31962B31FC69C53B57B1C62A2D63">3122</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="5DF5B32314E9DE991B025683EB7E976D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CEDB5575E61CC80538DEC73D88E08B98" type="CLB-Dataset">45833</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6969DA7A0E506C16101CA786193F00D7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.203966</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="08FE204BC3B4FEEEC236F6B88FD1F34F" type="Zenodo-Dep">203966</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="2B61A904B906FFEF18B87DDCFA71FE87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6184754" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119425513" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6184754" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B61A904B906FFEF18B87DDCFA71FE87" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B61A904B906FFEF18B87DDCFA71FE87" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B906FFF018B87DDCFEE8F877" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A3771812B906FFF018B87DDCFE1FF816" blockId="14.[151,504,1940,1999]" box="[151,504,1940,1967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="F83FAF7EB906FFF018B87DDCFE1FF816" bold="true" box="[151,504,1940,1967]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B906FFF018B87DDCFE1FF816" bold="true" box="[151,504,1940,1967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B906FFF018B87DDCFE73F817" ID-CoL="679KL" box="[151,404,1941,1967]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="singulata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B906FFF018B87DDCFE73F817" bold="true" box="[151,404,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Antennella singulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8A8F797BB906FFF019B47DDDFE1FF816" box="[411,504,1940,1966]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B906FFF018B87DFEFEE8F877" blockId="14.[151,504,1940,1999]" box="[151,271,1975,1999]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<figureCitation id="3BF30497B906FFF018B87DFEFF31F877" box="[151,214,1975,1999]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1307,1330]" captionTargetBox="[406,1195,387,1198]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[336,1266,321,1304]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 8. Antennella singulata sp. nov. A, Paratype colony from St Leonards. B, hydrocladium from paratype. C, female gonotheca, one nematotheca hidden. D, lateral nematotheca. E, median inferior nematotheca from hydrothecate internode. F, nematotheca from ahydrothecate internode. G, micobasic mastigophore, H,? isorhiza Scale bar: A, 1 mm, B, C, 0.5 mm, D – F 0.2 mm, G, H, 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/203974/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A–H
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B907FFF118B87ADEFBEAFE77" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118B87ADEFBEAFE77" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B907FFF118B87ADEFE64FF08" bold="true" box="[151,387,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="7C73A6B0B907FFF119A27ADEFE1FFF17" box="[397,504,151,175]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="C5D980D7B907FFF11A297AD1FDA0FF17" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[518,583,152,175]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">NMV</collectionCode>
F171361, microslide, male colony, on reef, North Arm Channel, Western Port, depth
<quantity id="6430B5F7B907FFF119347AF5FEADFF6C" box="[283,330,188,212]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
, coll: J. Watson,
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF11A207AF5FD63FF6C" box="[527,644,188,212]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1997-01-09">9/01/1997</date>
.
<typeStatus id="7C73A6B0B907FFF11ABF7AF4FD12FF6D" box="[656,757,189,213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="C5D980D7B907FFF11B2E7AF4FCA5FF6C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[769,834,189,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">NMV</collectionCode>
F171362, microslide and remaining preserved material, infertile colony, St Leonards pier, on sponge, depth
<quantity id="6430B5F7B907FFF11B6A7A96FC9EFF4F" box="[837,889,223,247]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
, coll: J. Watson,
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF11C7E7A96FB33FF4F" box="[1105,1236,223,247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-01-20">20/01/2010</date>
.
<typeStatus id="7C73A6B0B907FFF11CCB7AA9FAAEFF40" box="[1252,1353,224,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="C5D980D7B907FFF11D747AA9FA7BFF4F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[1371,1436,224,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">NMV</collectionCode>
F171363, microslide and remaining preserved material, St Leonards pier, on sponge, depth
<quantity id="6430B5F7B907FFF11CB67B4DFB21FEA4" box="[1177,1222,260,284]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
, coll: J. Watson,
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF11DA97B4DFF11FE87" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-03-08">8/ 03/2010</date>
.
<typeStatus id="7C73A6B0B907FFF1192D7B61FE83FEF8" box="[258,356,296,320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="C5D980D7B907FFF119437B61FE4AFE87" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" box="[364,429,296,319]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">NMV</collectionCode>
F171374, microslide, female colony, Port Welshpool, Victoria, on
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B907FFF11C867B61FAF4FEF8" box="[1193,1299,296,320]" class="Bryopsidophyceae" family="Caulerpaceae" genus="Caulerpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B907FFF11C867B61FAF4FEF8" box="[1193,1299,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Caulerpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, depth
<quantity id="6430B5F7B907FFF11D467B6EFA70FE87" box="[1385,1431,295,319]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
, coll: J. Watson,
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF119617B05FE36FEDC" box="[334,465,332,356]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1978-02-25">25/02/1978</date>
.
<emphasis id="91BCC400B907FFF119F37B05FCDFFEDC" box="[476,824,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Material in author’s collection</emphasis>
: Western Port, Victoria, on wharf piling, coll: J. Watson, depth
<quantity id="6430B5F7B907FFF1193F7B26FEDAFE3F" box="[272,317,367,391]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
,
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF119677B26FE59FE3F" box="[328,446,367,391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1994-12-03">3/12/1994</date>
. Port Welshpool jetty, on the green alga
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B907FFF11B527B39FC01FE30" box="[893,998,368,392]" class="Bryopsidophyceae" family="Caulerpaceae" genus="Caulerpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B907FFF11B527B39FC01FE30" box="[893,998,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Caulerpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, depth
<quantity id="6430B5F7B907FFF11C157B26FB81FE3F" box="[1082,1126,367,391]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
, coll: J. Watson,
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF11D0C7B26FA7EFE3F" box="[1315,1433,367,391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1978-02-25">25/2/1978</date>
. Gabo Island, eastern Victoria, on red alga and sponge, depth
<quantity id="6430B5F7B907FFF11B677BDDFC63FE14" box="[840,900,404,428]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="17.0">17 m</quantity>
, coll: J. Watson,
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF11C697BDDFB5CFE14" box="[1094,1211,404,428]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1972-02-15">15/2/1972</date>
. Coniston Bay, Port Kembla, New South
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B907FFF119AD7BFEFE2EFE77" box="[386,457,439,463]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Wales</collectingCountry>
, depth
<quantity id="6430B5F7B907FFF11A377BFEFDB5FE77" box="[536,594,439,463]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="11.0">11 m</quantity>
, on mussels coll: J. Watson,
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF11BBB7BFEFBEDFE77" box="[916,1034,439,463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1975-09-12">12/9/1975</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B907FFEE18E87B92FC53FADC" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118E87B92FA97FD3C" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B907FFF118E87B92FD58FE4C" bold="true" box="[199,703,475,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Description from
<typeStatus id="7C73A6B0B907FFF119B27B95FDE3FE4C" box="[413,516,476,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="7C73A6B0B907FFF11A6D7B95FD5DFE4C" box="[578,698,476,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Colony arising from a ramified hydrorhiza; stolons tubular, surface moderately smooth, poorly adherent to substrate. Stems erect, monosiphonic, to
<quantity id="6430B5F7B907FFF11CB27BB6FB01FDAF" box="[1181,1254,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long, typically unbranched, but sometimes with a single short side branch, basal segment of hydrocladium of same diameter as stolon, beginning with one, sometimes two athecate internodes of variable length with a strong transverse node followed by a longer internode with long oblique distal joint, two or three nematothecae in a line along internode.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118EA78C6FA6CFD57" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hydrocladium comprising alternate long, slender hydrothecate and ahydrothecate internodes; ahydrothecate internode usually the longer, ahydrothecate internode with a transverse to weakly oblique proximal node, sometimes marked only by an indentation in perisarc, distal node long, oblique, ending just below floor of hydrotheca.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118EA78B5FF28FCC7" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hydrotheca cup-shaped, set at an angle of 40–45° to hydrocladial axis, walls straight to slightly expanding, abcauline wall thicker than adcauline, margin transverse to hydrothecal axis, weakly everted, perisarc thinning distally to margin, rim entire, floor of hydrotheca concave, a foramen connecting with internode at base of abcauline wall.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118EA79C5FD19FBC4" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ahydrothecate internode with one median nematotheca almost central on internode, nematotheca bithalamic, base stout, almost adnate to internode, cup reduced to a triangle; three nematothecae on hydrothecate internode, one inferior median, bithalamic, base stout, closely adnate to internode, cup similar to median; twin lateral nematothecae not reaching hydrothecal margin, basal chamber cylindrical, about same length as nematotheca, basal chamber of nematotheca elongate conical, cup wide and shallow, reduced on side facing hydrotheca; median superior nematotheca bithalamic, beak-shaped with stout base, tucked below hydrotheca. Hydrorhiza with scattered nematothecae similar to laterals, but with longer bases.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118EA7EC1FB45FA88" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Male gonotheca facing forward along hydrocladium, borne on a pedicel of two or three short segments beside median inferior nematotheca; kidney-shaped to ovoid, walls smooth, perisarc thin; one long conical nematotheca above base, basal chamber of nematotheca long, narrow, cup shallow saucer-shaped. Aperture of gonotheca terminal, circular, slightly oblique to gonothecal axis, operculum a sheet of tissue. Female similar to male, but with two large nematothecae near base, gonophores developing into a single large planula at maturity.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118EA7F75FCF5FAED" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" box="[197,786,1340,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Cnidome comprising two categories of nematocysts:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118B87FCDFED0FA5C" blockId="15.[151,1436,1412,1545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
i) microbasic mastigophore (?p-mastigophore), capsule bean-shaped, 16–
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF11C297FCDFBC6FA24" box="[1030,1057,1412,1436]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1917-10-10" valueMax="1917-10-12" valueMin="1917-10-10">17</date>
x 10–12 µm, shaft 10–12 µm, inflated about mid length to distal third with two rows of spines, thread thick, moderately long, abundant, site unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118B87FB9FB16F9B0" blockId="15.[151,1436,1412,1545]" box="[151,1265,1520,1545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
ii)?isorhiza, capsule small, pyriform, 4–
<date id="D7763ED2B907FFF11A417FB9FD9CF9B0" box="[622,635,1520,1544]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">6</date>
x 2–3 µm, thread thick, moderately long, site unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B907FFF118EA7C71FD9AF9E8" blockId="15.[197,637,1592,1617]" box="[197,637,1592,1617]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Colour of colonies pale creamy yellow.</paragraph>
<caption id="F7B7489AB918FFEE18B87AD1FD5EFF16" box="[151,697,152,174]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE18B87AD1FD5EFF16" blockId="16.[151,949,152,1380]" box="[151,697,152,174]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE18B87AD1FEE3FF15" bold="true" box="[151,260,152,173]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">TABLE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE19257AD1FE3BFF16" box="[266,476,152,174]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="singulata">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE19257AD1FE3BFF16" box="[266,476,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antennella singulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, measurements, (µm)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE18B07A80FED6FF67" blockId="16.[151,949,152,1380]" box="[159,305,201,223]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hydrocladium</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE18837ABBFC53FDEB" blockId="16.[151,949,152,1380]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">basal length of athecate internode 120–320 basal length of nematothecate internode 360–624 diameter of internode 56–64 basal length of nematothecate internode 240–312 basal length of hydrothecate internode 200–224 width at transverse node 48–52 length of abcauline wall 152–160 length of free adcauline wall 112–120 diameter at rim 176–192</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE18B0782FFEC2FDC4" blockId="16.[151,949,152,1380]" box="[159,293,614,636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Nematotheca</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE188A78D9FC7DFBFA" blockId="16.[151,949,152,1380]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">median, athecate segment, length base 30–40 median, abcauline depth of cup 20–26 median inferior, length base 40–58 median inferior, abcauline depth of cup 28–30 lateral, length of pedicel 50–58 lateral, length of base to cup 24–36 width cup, lateral view 50–51 median superior, length 24–36 gonothecal, length of base 64–88 gonothecal, length of base 80–82 gonothecal, depth of cup 32–40</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE18B07E1FFEEAFBD4" blockId="16.[151,949,152,1380]" box="[159,269,1110,1132]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gonotheca</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE188A7EC9FC53FADC" blockId="16.[151,949,152,1380]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
female, length of pedicel 56–
<specimenCount id="B5CED39BB918FFEE1BAE7EC9FC7DFB2E" box="[897,922,1152,1174]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">72</specimenCount>
female, length 432–
<specimenCount id="B5CED39BB918FFEE1BA17EE0FC53FB07" box="[910,948,1193,1215]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">456</specimenCount>
female, maximum width 240–
<specimenCount id="B5CED39BB918FFEE1BA17E9AFC53FB50" box="[910,948,1235,1256]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">280</specimenCount>
male, length of pedicel 80–
<specimenCount id="B5CED39BB918FFEE1BAB7EB5FF3EFA83" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">11 male</specimenCount>
, length, excluding pedicel 448–
<specimenCount id="B5CED39BB918FFEE1BA17F6CFC53FA83" box="[910,948,1317,1339]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">560</specimenCount>
male, maximum width 256–280
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B918FFEE18EA7FEDFB1BF965" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE18EA7FEDFCCDF9BC" blockId="16.[151,1436,1444,2008]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE18EA7FEDFEDEFA04" bold="true" box="[197,313,1444,1468]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks.</emphasis>
Six species of
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE19C57FEDFD84FA04" box="[490,611,1444,1468]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE19C57FEDFD84FA04" box="[490,611,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antennella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are reported from
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B918FFEE1B117FEDFC4EFA04" box="[830,937,1444,1468]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Australia</collectingCountry>
:
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1B9A7FEDFAEAFA04" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[949,1293,1444,1468]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="secundaria">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1B9A7FEDFBB5FA04" box="[949,1106,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. secundaria</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1C4C7FEDFAE3FA04" author="Gmelin" box="[1123,1284,1444,1468]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Gmelin, J. F. (1791) In: Linne, C. Systema Naturae. ed. 13. Vermes. 1 (6), 3021 - 3910. Lipsiae." type="journal article" year="1791">Gmelin, 1791</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1D357FEDFEC2FA67" authority="Bale, 1894" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1894" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tubulosa">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1D357FEDFA7CFA04" box="[1306,1435,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. tubulosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE18B07F8EFEFAFA67" author="Bale" box="[159,285,1479,1503]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bale, W. M. (1894) Further notes on Australian hydroids, with descriptions of some new species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 6, 93 - 117." type="journal article" year="1894">Bale, 1894</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE191F7F81FCB9FA67" authority="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1909" authorityName="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock" authorityYear="1909" box="[304,862,1479,1504]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campanulaformis">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE191F7F81FDF5FA58" box="[304,530,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. campanulaformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1A0F7F8EFCB1FA67" author="Mulder" box="[544,854,1479,1503]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Mulder, J. F. &amp; Trebilcock, R. E. (1909). Notes on Victorian Hydroida. With descriptions of new species. Geelong Naturalist, 4, 29 - 35." type="journal article" year="1909">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1BBB7F81FA70FA67" authority="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1909" authorityName="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock" authorityYear="1909" box="[916,1431,1479,1504]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="microscopica">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1BBB7F81FBAEFA58" box="[916,1097,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. microscopica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1C787F8EFA77FA67" author="Mulder" box="[1111,1424,1479,1503]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Mulder, J. F. &amp; Trebilcock, R. E. (1909). Notes on Victorian Hydroida. With descriptions of new species. Geelong Naturalist, 4, 29 - 35." type="journal article" year="1909">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE18B87FA5FE49F9BC" authority="Stechow, 1923" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,430,1516,1540]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dubia">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE18B87FA5FF11F9BC" box="[151,246,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. dubia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE18D27FA5FE49F9BC" author="Stechow" box="[253,430,1516,1540]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Stechow, E. (1923 b) Die Hydroidenfauna der japanischen Region. Journal of the Imperial University of Tokyo, 44, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1923" yearSuffix="b">Stechow, 1923b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE19CA7FA5FCC1F9BC" authority="Stechow, 1923" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1923" box="[485,806,1516,1540]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="siliquosa">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE19CA7FA5FD8DF9BC" box="[485,618,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. siliquosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1A5F7FA5FCC1F9BC" author="Stechow" box="[624,806,1516,1540]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Stechow, E. (1923 b) Die Hydroidenfauna der japanischen Region. Journal of the Imperial University of Tokyo, 44, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1923" yearSuffix="b">Stechow, 1923b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE18EA7C58FB1BF965" blockId="16.[151,1436,1444,2008]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
In a review of the family
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE19CD7C46FCB6F99F" authority="Schuchert (1997)" authorityName="Schuchert" authorityYear="1997" box="[482,849,1551,1575]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
Halopterididae
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1AA07C46FCB6F99F" author="Schuchert" box="[655,849,1551,1575]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert (1997)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
examined the
<typeStatus id="7C73A6B0B918FFEE1BDA7C58FBC2F991" box="[1013,1061,1553,1577]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
specimen of
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1C937C59FA96F990" box="[1212,1393,1552,1576]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="microscopica">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1C937C59FA96F990" box="[1212,1393,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. microscopica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but found it too fragmentary for confident recognition. No more material of
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1B947C7DFB97F9F4" box="[955,1136,1588,1612]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="microscopica">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1B947C7DFB97F9F4" box="[955,1136,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. microscopica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been found; it is likely to be a poorly preserved specimen of another species of
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1B337C11FC72F9C8" box="[796,917,1624,1648]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1B337C11FC72F9C8" box="[796,917,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antennella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1B8A7C11FBC1F9C8" box="[933,1062,1624,1648]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tubulosa">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1B8A7C11FBC1F9C8" box="[933,1062,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. tubulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rare species which has been recorded only twice, once from the
<typeStatus id="7C73A6B0B918FFEE1A087C34FDB0F92D" box="[551,599,1661,1685]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
locality of Port Phillip (
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1B477C35FC39F92C" author="Bale" box="[872,990,1660,1684]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bale, W. M. (1894) Further notes on Australian hydroids, with descriptions of some new species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 6, 93 - 117." type="journal article" year="1894">Bale 1894</bibRefCitation>
) and from Pearson Island in the eastern Great Australian Bight (
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE19877CD6FDA5F90F" author="Watson" box="[424,578,1695,1719]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Watson, J. E. (1973) Pearson Island expedition 1969 - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 97 (3), 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson 1973</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1A797CD6FCFEF90F" author="Schuchert" box="[598,793,1695,1719]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert (1997)</bibRefCitation>
redescribed
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1B847CE9FB68F900" box="[939,1167,1696,1720]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campanulaformis">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1B847CE9FB68F900" box="[939,1167,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. campanulaformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Mulder &amp; Trebilcock’s
<typeStatus id="7C73A6B0B918FFEE18CA7C8CFEF2F965" box="[229,277,1733,1757]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
material and included
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1A397C8DFD92F964" box="[534,629,1732,1756]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dubia">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1A397C8DFD92F964" box="[534,629,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. dubia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1A847C8DFCC8F964" box="[683,815,1732,1756]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="siliquosa">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1A847C8DFCC8F964" box="[683,815,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. siliquosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Western
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B918FFEE1BF97C8DFBDAF964" box="[982,1085,1732,1756]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Australia</collectingCountry>
in its synonymy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B918FFEF18EA7CA1FADCFF4F" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEE18EA7CA1FD5CF8D4" blockId="16.[151,1436,1444,2008]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE18EA7CA1FE87F8B8" ID-CoL="5V9KK" box="[197,352,1768,1792]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="secundaria">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE18EA7CA1FE87F8B8" box="[197,352,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. secundaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a widely distributed species in southern
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B918FFEE1B117CAEFC42F947" box="[830,933,1767,1791]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1B9C7CAEFB83F947" author="Stechow" box="[947,1124,1767,1791]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Stechow, E. (1923 b) Die Hydroidenfauna der japanischen Region. Journal of the Imperial University of Tokyo, 44, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1923" yearSuffix="b">Stechow 1923b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1C407CA0FAEBF947" author="Watson" box="[1135,1292,1767,1792]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Watson, J. E. (1973) Pearson Island expedition 1969 - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 97 (3), 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson (1973</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1D387CAEFAB5F947" author="Watson" box="[1303,1362,1767,1791]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Watson, J. E. (1997) The hydroid fauna of the Houtman Albrolhos Islands, Western Australia. In Wells, F. E. (ed). The Marine Fauna of the Houtman Albrolhos Islands, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 503 - 546." type="book chapter" year="1997">1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1D727CAEFA7FF947" author="Watson" box="[1373,1432,1767,1791]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Watson, J. E. (2000) Hydroids (Hydrozoa: Leptothecatae) from the Beagle Gulf and Darwin Harbour, northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 16, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
, 2002, 2003), Queensland (
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE19917D45FD91F89C" author="Pennycuik" box="[446,630,1804,1828]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Pennycuik, P. R. (1959) Faunistic records from Queensland. Part V. Marine and brackish water hydroids. Papers of the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland, 1, 141 - 210." type="journal article" year="1959">Pennycuik 1959</bibRefCitation>
) and northern
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B918FFEE1B347D45FC65F89C" box="[795,898,1804,1828]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1BBF7D45FBCEF89C" author="Watson" box="[912,1065,1804,1828]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Watson, J. E. (2000) Hydroids (Hydrozoa: Leptothecatae) from the Beagle Gulf and Darwin Harbour, northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 16, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2000">Watson 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="C75965E3B918FFEE1C147D45FB1BF89C" author="Schuchert" box="[1083,1276,1804,1828]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert (1997)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1DAB7D45FEF4F8F0" ID-CoL="5V9KK" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="secundaria">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1DAB7D45FEF4F8F0" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. secundaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a very variable species with one to three median nematothecae on the ahydrothecate internode, suggesting it may prove to be a group of species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B918FFEF18EA7D31FBE7FF6C" blockId="16.[151,1436,1444,2008]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
The finding of the present material led to re-examination of the author’s extensive collection of
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B918FFEE1D0C7D31FA7BF828" ID-CoL="7NP7S" box="[1315,1436,1912,1936]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B918FFEE1D0C7D31FA7BF828" box="[1315,1436,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antennella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from southeastern
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B918FFEE19447DD5FE31F80C" box="[363,470,1948,1972]" name="Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Australia</collectingCountry>
. While many specimens bear two to three median inferior nematothecae on the ahydrothecate internode, some from various localities consistently bore only one on a long, slender internode; it is here recognised as a new species,
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B919FFEF19C77AD1FD35FF08" ID-CoL="679KL" box="[488,722,152,176]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="singulata">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF19C77AD1FD35FF08" box="[488,722,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Antennella singulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B919FFEF1ACD7AD1FC8BFF08" ID-CoL="679KL" box="[738,876,152,176]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="singulata">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF1ACD7AD1FD14FF08" box="[738,755,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF1B2B7AD1FC8BFF08" box="[772,876,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">singulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related to but is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B919FFEF1DAB7AD1FEF4FF6C" ID-CoL="5V9KK" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="secundaria">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF1DAB7AD1FEF4FF6C" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A. secundaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the single median nematotheca on the ahydrothecate internode.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3771812B919FFEF18EA7AA9FADCFF4F" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,320]" box="[197,1339,223,248]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="64C86391B919FFEF18EA7AA9FE4AFF40" ID-CoL="679KL" box="[197,429,224,248]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="singulata">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF18EA7AA9FE4AFF40" box="[197,429,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Antennella singulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs on a variety of substrates including soft sponges, mussel shells and algae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B919FFEF18EA7B4DFBDCFEA4" box="[197,1083,260,284]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="A3771812B919FFEF18EA7B4DFBDCFEA4" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,320]" box="[197,1083,260,284]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF18EA7B4DFEACFEA4" bold="true" box="[197,331,260,284]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the single nematotheca on the ahydrothecate internode.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBD24B99B919FFEF18EA7B6EFA71FE87" box="[197,1430,295,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A3771812B919FFEF18EA7B6EFA71FE87" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,320]" box="[197,1430,295,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="91BCC400B919FFEF18EA7B6EFEB9FEF8" bold="true" box="[197,350,295,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</emphasis>
Western Port, Port Phillip and south-eastern Australian coast to Port Kembla, New South
<collectingCountry id="DBDF5882B919FFEF1D647B6EFA75FE87" box="[1355,1426,295,319]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Wales</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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