123 lines
16 KiB
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123 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="31D03FAD708CF5F41116980365AB2EC8" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.185409" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1e8adb1d-85ac-48e8-98ba-42355c1d777a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="185409" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459985649705" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Penz, Carla M." docDate="2009" docId="03D24409FFD2784379DE12B0FBE3292C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01985p020.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1985" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Opoptera bracteolata Stichel 1901, NEW STATUS" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFEB3C71FFDE784F79491612FFC02E23" masterDocTitle="The phylogeny of Opoptera butterflies, and an assessment of the systematic position of O. staudingeri (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698232223456" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DAA216669283A828D28E8CB590390FFE">
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<mods:title id="CA94508D0B78C2DB046C5E97FD1CB281">The phylogeny of Opoptera butterflies, and an assessment of the systematic position of O. staudingeri (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D9A837178C8A0F8E28150E9702026CE3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="995AB40420EB996C46515C4EC5BB7EFC">Penz, Carla M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2BCC97C92F0AC0B2CF664AF39F6F35EA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="82E94FD67EA1CDE52D35F9FA12932CF2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="351C8DCA0FCFA8FCE904B69ECA791BA1">
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<mods:date id="1FB5907F5D75E2D51F76CA4E42D16737">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5FE8C94869D9C48357ADCD4A0DEC0CF9" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1713B9C5A1ABC8744B1FB2F7C2E9FA84">1985</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="5487119F3CD1D07AEDF8D58B3430C104">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="20B04F12DF5D3022E140B578A60987FF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9451EE33E3948541B9DED716688F5ABE" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.185409</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="10F40FEBDD0BD1CAE9153F3320C94615" type="GBIF-Dataset">1e8adb1d-85ac-48e8-98ba-42355c1d777a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="793593154D926DB577CB2954704A9A2F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="72F67FCB2331036FE8EC50FEEDCE989F" type="Zenodo-Dep">185409</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D24409FFD2784379DE12B0FBE3292C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6221780" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119379198" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6221780" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D24409FFD2784379DE12B0FBE3292C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D24409FFD2784379DE12B0FBE3292C" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="C361A694FFD2784379DE12B0FEA92AFC" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC4F51FFFD2784379DE12B0FCC32A9F" blockId="12.[151,771,1186,1247]" box="[151,771,1186,1212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D08C4273FFD2784379DE12B0FCC32A9F" bold="true" box="[151,771,1186,1212]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD2784379DE12B0FCC32A9F" bold="true" box="[151,771,1186,1212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B8E9CFFD2784379DE12B0FDFA2A9F" authority="Stichel, 1901" authorityName="Stichel" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,570,1186,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bracteolata" status="stat. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD2784379DE12B0FE552A9F" bold="true" box="[151,405,1186,1212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Opoptera bracteolata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA88EEFFD2784378D512B0FDFA2A9F" author="Stichel" box="[412,570,1186,1212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" refString="Stichel, H. (1901) [A note with no title]. Insekten-Borse, 18 (52), 413." type="journal article" year="1901">Stichel, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C9476FFD278437B0E12B0FCC32A9F" box="[583,771,1186,1212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">NEW STATUS</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC4F51FFFD2784379DE12D7FEA92AFC" blockId="12.[151,771,1186,1247]" box="[151,361,1221,1247]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1340E99AFFD2784379D612D7FF212AFC" box="[159,225,1221,1247]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[158,1434,278,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,221,1334]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Opoptera adult males, dorsal side on the left, ventral side on the right. Scale bar next to A = 1 cm. (A) syme, Brazil, São Paulo. (B) sulcius, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Taió. (C) fruhstorferi, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Taió. (D) aorsa, Brazil, Paraná, Toledo. (E) hilaris, Middle Ecuador. (F) staudingeri, Costa Rica, Heredia, Puerto Viejo. (G) arsippe, Peru, Chuchurras. (H) bracteolata, Bolivia. Schematic representation and photographic detail of the HW discal cell region showing male sent organs. Venation terminology is given in I. Dashed lines represent the scent-pocket next to vein Cu 2. (I) sulcius, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Taió; note thin hairpencil inserted into scent-pocket. (J) hilaris, Bolivia; note the three hairbrushes. (K) staudingeri, note the broad hairbrush inside discal cell. (L) arsippe, Peru, Chuchurras; note the open scent organ and long HW discal cell hairbrush." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/185410/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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H, 4H, 5H)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361A694FFD2784379DE1307FE622B0C" box="[151,418,1301,1327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC4F51FFFD2784379DE1307FE622B0C" blockId="12.[151,1436,1301,1807]" box="[151,418,1301,1327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD2784379DE1307FEFC2B0C" bold="true" box="[151,316,1301,1327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<typeStatus id="54C04BBDFFD2784379DE1307FF142B0C" box="[151,212,1301,1327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F36CB58FFFD27843780D1307FE5E2B0C" box="[324,414,1301,1327]" name="Bolivia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361A694FFD27843798E132FFBE82BEC" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC4F51FFFD27843798E132FFBE82BEC" blockId="12.[151,1436,1301,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD27843798E132FFE872B74" bold="true" box="[199,327,1341,1367]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Male FW length range 39.8–41.3 mm (based on specimens in Appendix 1). Wings with orange-brown background. FW orange postmedial band markedly reduced, broken into a series of independent spots that do not reach the anterior FW margin. HW with a thin orange marginal band. Males have a thin hairpencil inside HW discal cell, contrasting other species in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B8E9CFFD278437AD913A7FC132BED" box="[912,979,1461,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aorsa">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD278437AD913A7FC132BED" box="[912,979,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">aorsa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-group.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361A694FFD27843798E13CFFB1928C5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BC4F51FFFD27843798E13CFFD722BD4" blockId="12.[151,1436,1301,1807]" box="[199,690,1501,1527]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD27843798E13CFFEA72BD4" bold="true" box="[199,359,1501,1527]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F36CB58FFFD27843782713CFFE042BD4" box="[366,452,1501,1527]" name="Bolivia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA88EEFFD27843789D13CFFD662BD4" author="Casagrande" box="[468,678,1501,1527]" pageId="12" pageNumber="16" refString="Casagrande, M. M. (2004) Brassolini. p. 201 - 205. In: J. B. Heppner (ed.). Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Part 4 A Checklist (ed. by G. Lamas). Association of Tropical Lepidoptera / Scientific publishers, Gainesville. 439 p." type="book chapter" year="2004">Casagrande 2004</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC4F51FFFD27843798E1017FB1928C5" blockId="12.[151,1436,1301,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD27843798E1017FDDE283C" bold="true" box="[199,542,1541,1567]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Justification for new status.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B8E9CFFD278437B6C1017FCE3283D" box="[549,803,1541,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bracteolata">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD278437B6C1017FCE3283D" box="[549,803,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Opoptera bracteolata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shows important differences from
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B8E9CFFD278437DF21017FAF6283D" box="[1211,1334,1541,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arsippe">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD278437DF21017FAF6283D" box="[1211,1334,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O. arsippe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that justify full species status. These two taxa have distinctive, easily diagnosable wing color patterns, and males have different wing scent organs (compare
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<figureCitation id="1340E99AFFD278437BD71047FD21284C" box="[670,737,1621,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1348,1372]" captionTargetBox="[158,1434,278,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,221,1334]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Opoptera adult males, dorsal side on the left, ventral side on the right. Scale bar next to A = 1 cm. (A) syme, Brazil, São Paulo. (B) sulcius, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Taió. (C) fruhstorferi, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Taió. (D) aorsa, Brazil, Paraná, Toledo. (E) hilaris, Middle Ecuador. (F) staudingeri, Costa Rica, Heredia, Puerto Viejo. (G) arsippe, Peru, Chuchurras. (H) bracteolata, Bolivia. Schematic representation and photographic detail of the HW discal cell region showing male sent organs. Venation terminology is given in I. Dashed lines represent the scent-pocket next to vein Cu 2. (I) sulcius, Brazil, Santa Catarina, Taió; note thin hairpencil inserted into scent-pocket. (J) hilaris, Bolivia; note the three hairbrushes. (K) staudingeri, note the broad hairbrush inside discal cell. (L) arsippe, Peru, Chuchurras; note the open scent organ and long HW discal cell hairbrush." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/185410/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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H and G).
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B8E9CFFD278437A2E1047FBA7284D" box="[871,1127,1621,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bracteolata">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD278437A2E1047FBA7284D" box="[871,1127,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Opoptera bracteolata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B8E9CFFD278437DED1047FAE2284D" box="[1188,1314,1621,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arsippe">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD278437DED1047FAE2284D" box="[1188,1314,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O. arsippe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also have rather different male genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="1340E99AFFD278437B41106FFD8E28B4" box="[520,590,1661,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[157,1421,220,1664]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,197,1697]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Opoptera male genitalia in lateral view. Scale bar next to A = 1 mm. (A) syme, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Nova Friburgo, 01 - 43 Dissected by C. M. Penz. (B) sulcius, Brazil, São Paulo, Pinhal, 06 - 12 Dissected by C. M. Penz. (C) fruhstorferi, South Brazil, 01 - 60 Dissected by C. M. Penz. (D) aorsa, Brazil, Paraná, Toledo, 08 - 17 Dissected by C. M. Penz. (E) hilaris Ecuador, Oriente, 08 - 34 Dissected by C. M. Penz. (F) staudingeri, Costa Rica, Heredia, Puerto Viejo, 01 - 57 Dissected by C. M. Penz. (G) arsippe, Peru, Chuchurras, 06 - 22 Dissected by C. M. Penz. (H) bracteolata, Bolivia, 01 - 59 Dissected by C. M. Penz. Detail of the valva apex in lateral view, localities same as in F, G and H. Setae omitted. Scale bar next to H = 1 mm. I, staudingeri. J, arsippe. K, bracteolata." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/185413/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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H and G, 5H and G), and such structural differences further support the notion that they are separate species. It is unknown to me whether these two taxa overlap geographically. Note that the specimen listed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA88EEFFD27843789E10DFFDA528C4" author="Penz" box="[471,613,1741,1767]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" refString="Penz, C. M. (2007) Evaluating the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of Brassolini genera (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Systematic Entomology, 32, 668 - 689." type="journal article" year="2007">Penz (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B8E9CFFD278437BC510DFFCC828C5" box="[652,776,1741,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arsippe">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD278437BC510DFFCC828C5" box="[652,776,1741,1766]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O. arsippe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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actually corresponds to
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD278437D6F10DFFB1928C5" box="[1062,1241,1741,1766]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B8E9CFFD278437D6F10DFFB1528C5" box="[1062,1237,1741,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bracteolata">O. bracteolata</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361A694FFD27843798E10E7FBE3292C" box="[199,1059,1781,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC4F51FFFD27843798E10E7FBE3292C" blockId="12.[151,1436,1301,1807]" box="[199,1059,1781,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B90F290DFFD27843798E10E7FE80292C" bold="true" box="[199,320,1781,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
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I was unable to obtain females of this species for examination.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |