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<document id="D7090CDC3B06F25D194D8A9543DE25FB" ID-DOI="10.1206/3729.2" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5359771" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630228943428" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Ubick, Darrell &amp; Griswold, Charles E." docDate="2011" docId="03B587C16F04336A16A47F41FCDFF946" docLanguage="en" docName="N3729.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2011 (3729)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/3729.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Molotra tsingy Ubick &amp; Griswold 2011" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FF8CFFB96F163379175C7A00FFDFFFEA" masterDocTitle="The Malagasy Goblin Spiders of the New Genus Molotra (Araneae: Oonopidae)" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1699192640316" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="045F234D81FE8B7CE5DC3E11E4F69C0F">The Malagasy Goblin Spiders of the New Genus Molotra (Araneae: Oonopidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="934139AF49A3E469C0F4116A62A4ADEE">Ubick, Darrell</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03B587C16F04336A16A47F41FCDFF946" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5454933" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5454933" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587C16F04336A16A47F41FCDFF946" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587C16F04336A16A47F41FCDFF946" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<paragraph id="8BA336D76F04336B16A47F41FC97FAB6" blockId="18.[504,840,1345,1372]" box="[504,840,1345,1372]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<heading id="D0EB81BB6F04336B16A47F41FC97FAB6" box="[504,840,1345,1372]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D546F04336B16A47F41FD40FAB1" ID-CoL="43YJT" authorityName="Ubick &amp; Griswold" authorityYear="2011" box="[504,671,1345,1371]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Molotra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsingy">
<emphasis id="B968EAC56F04336B16A47F41FD40FAB1" box="[504,671,1345,1371]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Molotra tsingy</emphasis>
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species group
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C306655C6F04336B17F47F67FD9EF941" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F04336B17F47F67FF30F96C" blockId="18.[120,1224,1383,1708]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
DIAGNOSIS: The single species included in this group is known only from the male, which differs from other members of the genus in being small (1.5 mm), pale in coloration, and with a smoother carapace (figs. 231243). The palp is unusual in being twisted from the palpal axis and in resting laterally on the sternum, which lacks the typically large anterior cavities (figs. 242, 256261). The embolar region differs from that in other
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D546F04336B14AF7FFCFB8EF9FC" authorityName="Ubick &amp; Griswold" authorityYear="2011" box="[1011,1105,1532,1558]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Molotra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAC56F04336B14AF7FFCFB8EF9FC" box="[1011,1105,1532,1558]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Molotra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a deep transverse groove prolaterally, lobes oriented in a vertical plane (rather than horizontal), and the presence of a dorsal and ventral prong on the prolateral surface (figs. 279292).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F04336B17F47C92FD9EF941" blockId="18.[120,1224,1383,1708]" box="[168,577,1682,1708]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
SPECIES INCLUDED:
<emphasis id="B968EAC56F04336B16CF7C92FD9EF941" box="[403,577,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D546F04336B16CF7C92FDE2F941" authorityName="Ubick &amp; Griswold" authorityYear="2011" box="[403,573,1682,1708]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Molotra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsingy">Molotra tsingy</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C306655C6F05336A16A77AE1FD9BFE5C" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F05336A16A77AE1FC9AFF11" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1708]" box="[507,837,225,252]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D546F05336A16A77AE1FD74FF11" authority="Ubick &amp; Griswold, 2011" authorityName="Ubick &amp; Griswold" authorityYear="2011" box="[507,683,225,252]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Molotra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsingy" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAC56F05336A16A77AE1FD74FF11" bold="true" box="[507,683,225,252]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Molotra tsingy</emphasis>
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B57BE6F05336A15E67AE2FC9AFF11" box="[698,837,225,252]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F05336A168A7B07FCB5FECB" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1708]" box="[470,874,262,289]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<figureCitation id="13272A526F05336A168A7B07FD9CFECB" box="[470,579,262,289]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="21.[120,171,1464,1485]" captionTargetBox="[123,1219,224,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-13@21.[123,1219,224,1436]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGS. 16. Molotra species, embolar region of male palpi, prolateral view. 1. M. molotra. 2. M. katarinae. 3. M. ninae. 4. M. suzannae. 5. M. tsingy. 6. M. milloti. Colors show homologous parts: yellow embolus, green dorsal lobe, red ventral lobe. The tentative homologies of the M. tsingy palp are shown as dashed lines and the unhomologized dorsal prong is shown in white dash." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5359773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5359773/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figures 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A526F05336A150D7B07FD68FECB" box="[593,695,263,289]" captionStart-0="FIGS" captionStart-1="FIGS" captionStart-2="FIGS" captionStart-3="FIGS" captionStart-4="FIGS" captionStart-5="FIGS" captionStart-6="FIGS" captionStart-7="FIGS" captionStartId-0="53.[120,171,1653,1674]" captionStartId-1="54.[120,171,1654,1675]" captionStartId-2="55.[120,171,1597,1618]" captionStartId-3="56.[120,171,1626,1647]" captionStartId-4="57.[120,171,1597,1618]" captionStartId-5="58.[120,171,1626,1647]" captionStartId-6="59.[120,171,1600,1621]" captionStartId-7="60.[120,171,1597,1618]" captionTargetBox-0="[157,1189,224,1626]" captionTargetBox-1="[140,1200,224,1626]" captionTargetBox-2="[187,1150,224,1568]" captionTargetBox-3="[141,1207,224,1599]" captionTargetBox-4="[197,1148,224,1568]" captionTargetBox-5="[187,1160,224,1599]" captionTargetBox-6="[195,1146,227,1571]" captionTargetBox-7="[176,1175,227,1571]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@53.[157,1189,224,1626]" captionTargetId-1="figure-9@54.[140,1200,224,1626]" captionTargetId-2="figure-14@55.[187,1150,224,1568]" captionTargetId-3="figure-10@56.[141,1207,224,1599]" captionTargetId-4="figure-112@57.[197,1148,224,1568]" captionTargetId-5="figure-9@58.[187,1160,224,1599]" captionTargetId-6="figure-103@59.[195,1146,227,1571]" captionTargetId-7="figure-98@60.[176,1175,227,1571]" captionTargetPageId-0="53" captionTargetPageId-1="54" captionTargetPageId-2="55" captionTargetPageId-3="56" captionTargetPageId-4="57" captionTargetPageId-5="58" captionTargetPageId-6="59" captionTargetPageId-7="60" captionText-0="FIGS. 231238. Molotra tsingy, new species, male (PBI_OON 03397). 231. Habitus, ventral view. 232. Same, dorsal view. 233. Same, lateral view. 234. Abdomen, lateral view. 235. Same, anterior view. 236. Abdomen, dorsal view. 237. Same, ventral view. 238. Epigastric region, ventral view. Arrow to sperm pore, dash to apodeme." captionText-1="FIGS. 239247. Molotra tsingy, new species, male (PBI_OON 03397). 239. Cephalothorax, anterior view. 240. Same, posterior view. 241. Same, dorsal view. 242. Same, ventral view, showing the resting position of the embolus (arrow). 243. Same, lateral view. 244. Leg I, prolateral view. 245. Same, retrolateral view. 246. Leg IV, prolateral view. 247. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 200 µm." captionText-2="FIGS. 248255. Molotra tsingy, new species, male (PBI_OON 03397). 248. Carapace, dorsal view. 249. Same, lateral view, with arrow showing posterior knob. 250. Same, anterior view. 251. Same, close up of margin, lateral view, with arrow to setose denticle. 252. Same, anterior view. 253. Mouthparts, anterolateral view, with arrow to distolateral knob of endite. 254. Sternum and mouthparts, ventrolateral view, with arrow to narrow anterior cavity of sternum. 255. Labium and endites, posterioventral view, with arrow to endite knob. Scale bars: 50 µm (251), 100 µm (all others)." captionText-3="FIGS. 256261. Molotra tsingy, new species, male (PBI_OON 03397). 256. Cephalothorax, ventral view. 257. Same, magnified view showing resting position of embolar region, with arrow to wrinkled edge of lobe. 258. Cephalothorax, posteroventral view. 259. Same, magnified view, with arrow to wrinkled edge of lobe. 260. Cephalothorax, lateral view. 261. Same, magnified view showing narrow sternal cavity (arrow). Scale bars: 20 µm (257, 259), 100 µm (all others)" captionText-4="FIGS. 262270. Molotra tsingy, new species, male (PBI_OON 03397). 262. Abdomen, lateral view of anterior end. 263. Same, magnified view of pedicel with arrows showing absence of ridges. 264. Epigastric region, ventrolateral view, dashes to anterior respiratory spiracle and arrow to apodeme opening. 265. Sperm pore, ventral view. 266. Tarsal organ of palpus, dorsal view. 267. Same, tarsus II. 268. Same, tarsus IV. 269. Trichobothrium of tibia IV, sublateral view. 270. Same, tibia II, dorsal view. Scale bars: 100 µm (262), 50 µm (263, 264), 20 µm (265), 10 µm (266270)." captionText-5="FIGS. 271278. Molotra tsingy, new species, male claws (PBI_OON 03397). 271. Claws of tarsus I, prolateral view. 272. Same, retroventral view. 273. Same, anterior view. 274. Same, dorsolateral view. 275. Claws of tarsus II, ventrolateral view. 276. Same, retrolateral view. 277. Claws of tarsus IV, prolateral view. 278. Same, retrolateral view. Lateral teeth absent, median teeth labeled (M). Scale bars: 10 µm." captionText-6="FIGS. 279284. Molotra tsingy, new species, male palp. (PBI_03397). 279. Prolateral view, methyl salicylate prep. 280. Same, after treatment in hot lactic acid and showing no obvious expansion. 281. Bulb and cymbium in dorsal view, arrow shows degree of rotation relative to the rest of the palp, dotted line gives the approximate axis of rotation. 282. Subprolateral view. 283. Ventral view. 284. Retrolateral view. DP = dorsal prong, L1 = smaller lobe, L2 = larger lobe, VP = ventral prong. Scale bars: 200 µm." captionText-7="FIGS. 285292. Molotra tsingy, new species, male palp. (PBI_03397). 285. Palp, prolateral view. 286. Same, retrolateral view. 287. Embolar region, prolateral view. 288. Same, apical view. 289. Palp, dorsal view. 290. Embolar region, dorsal view, arrow to subapical groove, dashes to prongs. 291. Palp, dorsolateral view. 292. Embolar region, prolateral view. DP = dorsal prong, L1 = smaller lobe, L2 = larger lobe, O = embolar opening, VP = ventral prong. Scale bars: 100 µm (285, 286, 289, 291), 20 µm (287, 288, 290, 292)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5359837" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5359839" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5359841" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5359843" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5359845" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5359847" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5359849" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5359851" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5359837/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5359839/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5359841/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5359843/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5359845/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5359847/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5359849/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/5359851/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">231292</figureCitation>
; map 1; table 1
</paragraph>
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and male
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from
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<collectingRegion id="49D8F8356F05336A14D17B2CFBCDFEAC" box="[909,1042,300,326]" country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Mahajanga</collectingRegion>
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D546F05336A17247B51FEB7FE81" authority="de Bemaraha" authorityName="de Bemaraha" box="[120,360,337,363]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Molotra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsingy">Tsingy de Bemaraha</taxonomicName>
, 10.6 km ESE 123°
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, tropical dry forest on
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, sifted litter (
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et al., BLF 4432) deposited in
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(
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PBI_OON_03397).
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306655C6F05336A17F47BC2FC95FE31" box="[168,842,449,476]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F05336A17F47BC2FC95FE31" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1708]" box="[168,842,449,476]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
ETYMOLOGY: The species is named after the
<typeStatus id="54A788756F05336A15E87BC2FD38FE36" box="[692,743,450,476]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306655C6F05336A17F47BE7FDB0FDEB" box="[168,623,487,513]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F05336A17F47BE7FDB0FDEB" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1708]" box="[168,623,487,513]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">DIAGNOSIS: Same as for species group.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306655C6F05336A17F4780CFD81F96D" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F05336A17F4780CFC0EFAFB" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1708]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
MALE: (PBI_OON_03397): Total length 1.56. CEPHALOTHORAX: Carapace pale orange, surface of elevated portion of pars cephalica smooth, sides smooth; nonmarginal pars thoracica setae absent (figs. 239243, 248251). Eyes: smaller than in other
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D546F05336A135B7857FB1CFD9B" box="[1031,1219,599,625]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Molotra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B968EAC56F05336A135B7857FBBAFD9B" box="[1031,1125,599,625]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Molotra</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, ALE separated by more than their diameter (fig. 252). Sternum slightly longer than wide, yellow-brown, anterior excavation very narrow, surface with few small pits (figs. 242, 256, 258). Mouthparts: Endites distally excavated, anteromedian tip with strong, knoblike projection (figs. 253255). ABDOMEN: Book lung covers oval, larger than in
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D546F05336A14B778EDFBAEFCEC" authorityName="molotra" authorityYear="2011" box="[1003,1137,748,774]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Molotra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molotra">
<emphasis id="B968EAC56F05336A14B778EDFBAEFCEC" box="[1003,1137,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">M. molotra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, slightly smaller than pedicel cross section (figs. 235, 262). Pedicel-scutal region lacking ridges (figs. 262, 263). Dorsal scutum yellow-brown, surface smooth (figs. 232236). Epigastric scutum dorsal extension only slightly greater than pedicel diameter (figs. 236, 262). Postepigastric scutum with short posteriorly directed lateral apodemes (not closely examined) (fig. 238). Dorsal setae present, short. LEGS: Yellow-brown, patella plus tibia I shorter than carapace. Leg spines present, longer than leg segment width: tibiae: I v4-2-2; II v3-2-2; metatarsi I, II v 2-2-0 (figs. 244247). Tarsal claws: superior claw surfaces striate; proclaws and retroclaws with similar dentition, with five large median teeth, laterals absent (tarsus III not examined) (figs. 271278). GENITALIA: Epigastric region with sperm pore large, oval (figs. 238, 264, 265). Palp femur attaches to patella basally (fig. 279), tibia slightly longer than patella, embolar region with a broad, ectally concave retrolateral lobe (L2), a smaller wrinkled dorso-prolateral lobe (L1) and two prolateral prongs (fig. 287); cymbium and bulb twisted, so that the morphologically dorsal surface is positioned prolaterally (fig. 281); embolar region separated from rest of bulb by a transverse groove (fig. 290).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F05336A17F47F1CFE4DFADC" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1708]" box="[168,402,1308,1335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FEMALE: Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F05336A17F47F42FE02F98B" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1708]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
NOTES: This species has an interesting palp, as the bulb and tarsus are rotated relative to the main palpal axis. The embolus is thus displaced outward (retrolaterally) and, in the retracted palp, rests in the space between the edge of the sternum and coxae II and III. The anterior margin of the sternum has only a slight cavity (figs. 260, 261), similar to the condition in female
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D546F05336A16717FD7FE54FA1B" authorityName="Ubick &amp; Griswold" authorityYear="2011" box="[301,395,1495,1521]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Molotra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAC56F05336A16717FD7FE54FA1B" box="[301,395,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Molotra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(fig. 90), but unlike the deep cavities found in other
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D546F05336A13407FD7FBA5FA1B" authorityName="Ubick &amp; Griswold" authorityYear="2011" box="[1052,1146,1495,1521]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Molotra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAC56F05336A13407FD7FBA5FA1B" box="[1052,1146,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Molotra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males (fig. 87). This unusual mode of palpal retraction is another indication that the species may be misplaced in the genus. Additional material, especially of the unknown female, will be needed to solve this problem.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F05336A17F47C6CFD81F96D" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1708]" box="[168,606,1644,1671]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: None.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306655C6F05336A17F47C92FCDFF946" box="[168,768,1682,1708]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA336D76F05336A17F47C92FCDFF946" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1708]" box="[168,768,1682,1708]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the
<typeStatus id="54A788756F05336A15377C92FD41F946" box="[619,670,1682,1708]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>