222 lines
21 KiB
XML
222 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="8274B528E2DE764615DD34F011129E64" ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0300289" ID-PMC="PMC11023487" ID-PubMed="38630678" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10992750" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1713448012178" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lomax, Dean R., de la Salle, Paul, Perillo, Marcello, Reynolds, Justin, Reynolds, Ruby & Waldron, James F." docDate="2024" docId="03840923BF4CA602FDC0FD844D50F925" docLanguage="en" docName="PLOSOne.19.4.e0300289.pdf" docOrigin="PLOS ONE (e 0300289) 19 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300289" docTitle="Ichthyotitan severnensis Lomax & de la Salle & Perillo & Reynolds & Reynolds & Waldron 2024, gen. et sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFBD715BBF4BA605FFF5FF9D485BFFE9" masterDocTitle="The last giants: New evidence for giant Late Triassic (Rhaetian) ichthyosaurs from the UK" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1713448985888" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="2975BD1B48B06001E1B9CB70F7F84456">The last giants: New evidence for giant Late Triassic (Rhaetian) ichthyosaurs from the UK</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C3E3B793B2EADD41EB95BF3889A2BF00" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="58FF429C8F74BCE52BAB565D962BAB58">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="593E7B4168A46B536BFA5429897FF815">Lomax, Dean R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4903AA329D3BB67998A966991C3C8EEE">Palaeobiology Research Group, School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. & Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6C89A4CB63931D410539454C723F04A7" type="email">dean.lomax@manchester.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="BD59D34D66A6FEDB794D40790EFB2EAD">de la Salle, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DCF3E96545DD4A58759C56F3219C8337">The Etches Collection – Museum of Jurassic Marine Life, Dorset, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2C04AC8808A775250260F5CF6796F084" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FE97021B7E097F30895DDB06DA03C4F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DAFC78F6C438397F285DCDD75CC0B543">Perillo, Marcello</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="014830AF2D5571937598011E57D515D9">Paleontology division, Institute of Geosciences, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1893A7B2271F7505D6FE64D1B3E8F607" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DF583EF6C2FA9301AD15619A61DB23CF">Reynolds, Justin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5DDF0899E0B75C6A9E8CB6A638D2FEF5">Braunton, Devon, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A705ED46EFFD24B0989842A95AC1C2D9">Reynolds, Ruby</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0C5BF148F4C8EB7FC0F6B26B155E5837">Braunton, Devon, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="96181641821F44BE036AC84800DC8E0B">Waldron, James F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C2FD4B36DF2F24697A6D63D1A760D552">Dinosaurs Will Always Be Awesome, DWABA Museum, Orlando, Florida, United States of America.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="85E449089C435353B2176105FB817300">PLOS ONE</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EEE0F70C1990861625567A009405E30C">
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<mods:date id="625C82134B0D0DFF71317E4B305B0636">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="DEE69F3933062E0B1C6A27C4C4DCFD0B">e 0300289</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="0C228FADB9776E80C2FD4B681719978E">2024-04-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AC40D06EA3FD8A92CABD3CE3456468F8">19</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="AC54E82836E2CAB517F5BF51E2099713" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="806552F79FF7E37FD87881BB5323594B">4</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="BB1F39409E7247DD8A75608BAE3FFBD9">http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300289</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="34877C5A6F4B996D400D6122A0903318">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5552AFD42D1E44AAB98546B07CFCC09F" type="DOI">10.1371/journal.pone.0300289</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="45510595FB1A0BF226634A5190450F1C" type="PMC">PMC11023487</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6328AF15EB22C1886FA176D891CBBFBF" type="PubMed">38630678</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C3B1DE68AEF5A2F64D84FE8B1ADFB5A2" type="Zenodo-Dep">10992750</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03840923BF4CA602FDC0FD844D50F925" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03840923BF4CA602FDC0FD844D50F925" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03840923BF4CA602FDC0FD844D50F925" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="C337EBBEBF4CA602FDC0FD844B89FDDB" box="[565,978,537,562]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B92B835BF4CA602FDC0FD844B89FDDB" blockId="7.[533,1536,399,1740]" box="[565,978,537,562]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="D0DA0F59BF4CA602FDC0FD844B95FDDB" box="[565,974,537,562]" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DC3B6BF4CA602FDC0FD844B74FDD8" authority="Lomax & de la Salle & Perillo & Reynolds & Reynolds & Waldron, 2024" authorityName="Lomax & de la Salle & Perillo & Reynolds & Reynolds & Waldron" authorityYear="2024" box="[565,815,537,561]" family="Shastasauridae" genus="Ichthyotitan" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ichthyosauria" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnensis" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FDC0FD844B74FDD8" box="[565,815,537,561]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ichthyotitan severnensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26AD95CBF4CA602FCC0FD874B89FDDB" box="[821,978,538,562]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C337EBBEBF4CA602FDC0FDA14A9AFD73" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B92B835BF4CA602FDC0FDA14DB7FDBD" blockId="7.[533,1536,399,1740]" box="[565,1516,572,596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<collectionCode id="ED3C20F0BF4CA602FDC0FDA14A36FDBD" box="[565,621,572,596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LSID</collectionCode>
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for the genus:
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<uri id="FFBCB437BF4CA602FCFCFDA14DB7FDBD" box="[777,1516,572,596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FF8B82E0BF4CA602FBF9FDA14DB7FDBD" box="[1036,1516,572,596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">57B85E76-0A91-4EBF-9634-5B5A5FB10B60</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B92B835BF4CA602FDC0FDC24A9AFD73" blockId="7.[533,1536,399,1740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<collectionCode id="ED3C20F0BF4CA602FDC0FDC24A36FD9E" box="[565,621,607,631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LSID</collectionCode>
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for the species:
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<uri id="FFBCB437BF4CA602FCE0FDC24A9AFD73" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FF8B82E0BF4CA602FBEFFDC24A9AFD73" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">53F19051-D7E5-4ADB-8129- 48D66B79C7A2</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C337EBBEBF4CA602FDC0FD394BFCFCCD" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
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||
<paragraph id="8B92B835BF4CA602FDC0FD394BFCFCCD" blockId="7.[533,1536,399,1740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FDC0FD394AEFFD55" bold="true" box="[565,692,676,700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Giant fish lizard of the Severn.
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<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FBE5FD394C00FD55" box="[1040,1115,676,700]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ichthys</emphasis>
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||
derived from Greek meaning fish, taken from ichthyosaur meaning “fish lizard”, and -
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<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FBCDFD5A4C31FD37" box="[1080,1130,711,734]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">titan</emphasis>
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||
(Greek for giant), after the large size. Severn after the River Severn Estuary,
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<collectingRegion id="49E976D7BF4CA602FC5FFD774C55FCEB" box="[938,1038,746,770]" country="United Kingdom" name="Somerset" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Somerset</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F33AF8A5BF4CA602FBEDFD774C1BFCEB" box="[1048,1088,746,770]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">UK</collectingCountry>
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, where the remains were discovered and Latin -
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<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FDA9FC904AD5FCCD" box="[604,654,781,804]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ensis</emphasis>
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pertaining to the location.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C337EBBEBF4CA602FDC0FCB24DFEFBD3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B92B835BF4CA602FDC0FCB24B92FC83" blockId="7.[533,1536,399,1740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<materialsCitation id="3B45B268BF4CA602FDC0FCB24B92FC83" collectionCode="BRSMG" country="United Kingdom" location="Westbury Mudstone Formation (latest Rhaetian)" municipality="Blue Anchor" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="BRSMG Cg3178" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Somerset" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FDC0FCB24AF8FCAE" bold="true" box="[565,675,815,839]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<typeStatus id="54960697BF4CA602FDC0FCB24AC5FCAE" box="[565,670,815,839]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode id="DB8B104EBF4CA602FD4CFCB24B32FCAE" box="[697,873,815,839]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">BRSMG Cg3178</specimenCode>
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, a large right surangular comprising the posterior end and parts of the middle and anterior sections.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B92B835BF4CA602FDC0FCE94B7CFC46" blockId="7.[533,1536,399,1740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FDC0FCE94B5AFC65" bold="true" box="[565,769,884,908]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Referred material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B45B268BF4CA602FCE3FCE94B7CFC46" collectionCode="BRSMG" country="United Kingdom" elevation="8" location="Westbury Mudstone Formation (latest Rhaetian)" municipality="Lilstock" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="BRSMG Cg2488" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Somerset">
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<specimenCode id="DB8B104EBF4CA602FCE3FCE94B9DFC65" box="[790,966,884,908]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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BRSMG
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<location id="8EF2EEEEBF4CA602FC86FCE94BCAFC65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03840923BF4CA602FDC0FD844D50F925:8EF2EEEEBF4CA602FC86FCE94BCAFC65" box="[883,913,884,908]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cg</location>
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2488
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</specimenCode>
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, a large left surangular comprising the posterior end and a portion of the shaft.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B92B835BF4CA602FDC0FC274DFEFBD3" blockId="7.[533,1536,399,1740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FDC0FC274B03FC3B" bold="true" box="[565,856,954,978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type locality and horizon.</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="54960697BF4CA602FC68FC274B91FC3B" box="[925,970,954,978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
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specimen was collected from the
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<geologicalTimeScale id="F90D389EBF4CA602FADBFC274D91FC3B" box="[1326,1482,954,978]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Upper Triassic</geologicalTimeScale>
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||
<location id="8EF2EEEEBF4CA602FDE0FC414C47FC1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03840923BF4CA602FDC0FD844D50F925:8EF2EEEEBF4CA602FDE0FC414C47FC1D" box="[533,1052,988,1012]" country="United Kingdom" municipality="Blue Anchor" name="Westbury Mudstone Formation (latest Rhaetian)" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Somerset">Westbury Mudstone Formation (latest Rhaetian)</location>
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||
at
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BF6224FBF4CA602FBCEFC414C9EFC1D" box="[1083,1221,988,1012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Blue Anchor</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49E976D7BF4CA602FB3BFC414D69FC1D" box="[1230,1330,988,1012]" country="United Kingdom" name="Somerset" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Somerset</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
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<collectingCountry id="F33AF8A5BF4CA602FAC9FC414D3FFC1D" box="[1340,1380,988,1012]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">UK</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The referred specimen was collected from the
|
||
<geologicalTimeScale id="F90D389EBF4CA602FC86FC624C54FBFE" box="[883,1039,1023,1047]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Upper Triassic</geologicalTimeScale>
|
||
<location id="8EF2EEEEBF4CA602FBE3FC624A13FBD3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03840923BF4CA602FDC0FD844D50F925:8EF2EEEEBF4CA602FBE3FC624A13FBD3" country="United Kingdom" municipality="Lilstock" name="Westbury Mudstone Formation (latest Rhaetian)" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Somerset">Westbury Mudstone Formation (latest Rhaetian)</location>
|
||
<quantity id="4CD515D0BF4CA602FDBBFBBF4AD2FBD3" box="[590,649,1058,1082]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="0.8">
|
||
<elevation id="00005F06BF4CA602FDBBFBBF4AD2FBD3" box="[590,649,1058,1082]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="0.8">0.8 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
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below the junction with the Cotham Formation, at
|
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BF6224FBF4CA602FB5EFBBF4D5AFBD3" box="[1195,1281,1058,1082]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lilstock</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E976D7BF4CA602FAFEFBBF4D34FBD3" box="[1291,1391,1058,1082]" country="United Kingdom" name="Somerset" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Somerset</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33AF8A5BF4CA602FA8CFBBF4DFAFBD3" box="[1401,1441,1058,1082]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">UK</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C337EBBEBF4CA602FDC0FBD94AC1FA9B" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B92B835BF4CA602FDC0FBD94AC1FA9B" blockId="7.[533,1536,399,1740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FDC0FBD94AF1FBB5" bold="true" box="[565,682,1092,1116]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
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Giant, probable shastasaurid ichthyosaur distinguished by the presence of the following unique characters of the surangular: upturned, almost 90 degree angle bend at posterior end; subcircular cross section morphology of the shaft at the position of the coronoid, oblong in
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DC3B6BF4CA602FD74FB314B5AFB2D" authorityName="Camp" authorityYear="1976" box="[641,769,1196,1220]" family="Shastasauridae" genus="Shonisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FD74FB314B5AFB2D" box="[641,769,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Shonisaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; minor eminence of coronoid process in lateral view, compared with prominent projection in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2DC3B6BF4CA602FCE8FB524BC6FB0E" authorityName="Camp" authorityYear="1976" box="[797,925,1231,1255]" family="Shastasauridae" genus="Shonisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FCE8FB524BC6FB0E" box="[797,925,1231,1255]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Shonisaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; bulbous coronoid process displaced laterally and only occupying half of the width of the dorsal surface; massively developed dorsoventral M.A.M.E. ridge; spatulate shaped posterior end; and possibly dorsoventral height of posterior end in adults being more than 20% larger than in either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2DC3B6BF4CA602FBE8FAAA4D5EFAA6" authorityName="Camp" authorityYear="1976" box="[1053,1285,1335,1359]" family="Shastasauridae" genus="Shonisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="popularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FBE8FAAA4D5EFAA6" box="[1053,1285,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Shonisaurus popularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2DC3B6BF4CA602FAD2FAAA4AC8FA98" baseAuthorityName="Nicholls & Manabe" baseAuthorityYear="2004" family="Shastasauridae" genus="Shonisaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sikanniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FAD2FAAA4AC8FA98" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Shonisaurus sikanniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C337EBBEBF4CA602FDC0FAE14D50F925" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B92B835BF4CA602FDC0FAE14D50F925" blockId="7.[533,1536,399,1740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FDC0FAE14AC5FA7D" bold="true" box="[565,670,1404,1428]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Further to the last character in the diagnosis, this feature can be used to distinguish the new taxon from other giant ichthyosaurs, as mentioned, but this could be problematic for assigning immature or juvenile individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2DC3B6BF4CA602FBB8FA5F4C8FFA30" authorityName="Lomax & de la Salle & Perillo & Reynolds & Reynolds & Waldron" authorityYear="2024" box="[1101,1236,1474,1498]" family="Shastasauridae" genus="Ichthyotitan" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="severnensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FBB8FA5F4C0DFA30" box="[1101,1110,1474,1497]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FB94FA5F4C8FFA30" box="[1121,1236,1474,1497]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">severnensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that would be smaller than adult specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2DC3B6BF4CA602FD14FA794BC8FA15" box="[737,915,1508,1532]" family="Shastasauridae" genus="Shonisaurus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9596427BF4CA602FD14FA794B3AFA15" box="[737,865,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Shonisaurus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Therefore, we feel that this character can be used to compare large, presumably adult specimens but might not be useful (unless scaling is taken into consideration) in assigning smaller individuals that may be discovered in the future. Another notable feature that might be of interest is a continuous, straight thin groove in the ventral surface of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3C20F0BF4CA602FD72F9F24AEEF96E" box="[647,693,1647,1671]" country="Bulgaria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pyrt-ckh3" name="Bulgarian Academy of Science" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">BAS</collectionCode>
|
||
specimen. For further details, see the description below. Probable shastasaurid affinities are based on the large size of the ichthyosaur combined with the Upper Triassic age, a time when the largest-known ichthyosaurs (the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2DC3B6BF4CA602FBFAF9294CF5F925" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1902" box="[1039,1198,1716,1740]" family="Shastasauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Shastasauridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) existed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |