152 lines
15 KiB
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152 lines
15 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753" ID-PMC="PMC3804768" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-332-95" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC" ID-PubMed="24163583" ID-Zenodo-Dep="577540" ModsDocID="1313-2970-332-95" checkinTime="1451246929074" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barney, Robert J., LeSage, Laurent & Savard, Karine" docDate="2013" docId="3B12A106F38CD000182B39FCC36864DB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 332: 95-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 332" docPubDate="2013-09-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753" docTitle="Pachybrachis tridens" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC" lastPageNumber="132" masterDocId="9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC" masterDocTitle="Pachybrachis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) of Eastern Canada" masterLastPageNumber="175" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="132" updateTime="1668156466159" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Pachybrachis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) of Eastern Canada</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Barney, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Gus R. Douglass Land-Grant Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, West Virginia, United States 25112 - 1000</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rbarney@wvstateu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>LeSage, Laurent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Neatby Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Savard, Karine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Neatby Building, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-09-19</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>332</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>95</mods:start>
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<mods:end>175</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.332.4753</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-332-95</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9C1CE036FFBF8D66FF024F74FFB0FFCC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">577540</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152047712" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B12A106F38CD000182B39FCC36864DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B12A106F38CD000182B39FCC36864DB" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="37" pageNumber="132">
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="132" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">
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<taxonomicName LSID="3B12A106-F38C-D000-182B-39FCC36864DB" authority="(F. E. Melsheimer, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="F. E. Melsheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pachybrachis tridens" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridens">Pachybrachis tridens (F. E. Melsheimer, 1847)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Habitus 16" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Habitus 16. Dorsal habitus of Pachybrachis tridens. Scale bar, 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20925" pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Habitus 16</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 16" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Map 16. The known distribution of Pachybrachis tridens in eastern Canada. Carolinian Zone in dark beige." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20952" pageId="37" pageNumber="132">; Map 16</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="132" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridens">Cryptocephalus tridens</taxonomicName>
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F. E. Melsheimer, 1847: 172.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicornis">Cryptocephalus flavicornis</taxonomicName>
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F. E. Melsheimer, 1847: 172.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mollis">Pachybrachys mollis</taxonomicName>
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Haldeman, 1849: 263.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="132" type="recognition">
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Recognition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">
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Color pale yellow with broad, sharply limited, black markings; antennae (usually) and legs entirely yellow (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Habitus 16" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Habitus 16. Dorsal habitus of Pachybrachis tridens. Scale bar, 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20925" pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Habitus 16</figureCitation>
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). Lustre dull. Eyes separated by about twice length of basal antennomere in male, and by two and one-half to three times length of this antennomere in female. Ocular lines fine. Front claws of male not enlarged (as in
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Claws: a, b front claws enlarged c, d normal." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20861" pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Figure 4c</figureCitation>
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); male size small: length 1.93
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.10 mm, width 1.01
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="132" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="F. E. Melsheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Pachybrachis tridens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is an eastern species distributed from Manitoba to Texas to the Atlantic Coast in the United States (
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<bibRefCitation author="Riley, EG" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterists Society" pageId="51" pageNumber="146" refId="B167" refString="Riley, EG, Clark, SM, Seeno, TN, 2003. Catalog of the leaf beetles of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae and Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society 1, 290 pp." title="Catalog of the leaf beetles of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae and Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae)." volume="1" year="2003">Riley et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
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), and restricted to the Carolinian Zone of southern Ontario in eastern Canada (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 16" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Map 16. The known distribution of Pachybrachis tridens in eastern Canada. Carolinian Zone in dark beige." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/20952" pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Map 16</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="132" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">ONTARIO: Prince Edward Co., 21-28.VI.1950, J. F. Brimley [3♂ 5♀, CNC].</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="132" type="host plants">
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Host plants.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">
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No records are available from the specimens examined. Poison ivy (
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Toxicodendron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sapindales" pageId="37" pageNumber="132" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="radicans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Toxicodendron radicans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Kuntze) (
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<taxonomicName genus="Anachardiaceae" lsidName="" pageId="37" pageNumber="132" rank="genus">Anachardiaceae</taxonomicName>
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) was given as the preferred host by
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<bibRefCitation author="Fall, HC" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="46" pageNumber="141" pagination="291 - 486" refId="B76" refString="Fall, HC, 1915. A revision of the North American species of Pachybrachys. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 41: 291 - 486" title="A revision of the North American species of Pachybrachys." volume="41" year="1915">Fall (1915)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Blatchley, WS" journalOrPublisher="The Florida Entomologist" pageId="43" pageNumber="138" pagination="33 - 39" refId="B21" refString="Blatchley, WS, 1924a. The Chrysomelidae of Florida. The Florida Entomologist 7: 33 - 39" title="The Chrysomelidae of Florida." volume="7" year="1924 a">Blatchley (1924a)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Wilcox, JA" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="52" pageNumber="147" refId="B185" refString="Wilcox, JA, 1954. Leaf beetles of Ohio (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera). Ohio Biological Survey, Bulletin no.43: 353-506." title="Leaf beetles of Ohio (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera). Ohio Biological Survey, Bulletin no. 43: 353 - 506." year="1954">Wilcox (1954</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Wilcox, JA" journalOrPublisher="North American Beetle Fauna Project. World Natural History Publications, Kinderhook, New York" pageId="52" pageNumber="147" refId="B187" refString="Wilcox, JA, 1979. Leaf beetle host plants in Northeastern North America (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). North American Beetle Fauna Project. World Natural History Publications, Kinderhook, New York, 30 pp." title="Leaf beetle host plants in Northeastern North America (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation author="Furth, DG" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="47" pageNumber="142" pagination="137 - 234" refId="B83" refString="Furth, DG, 1985. The natural history of a sumac tree, with emphasis on the entomofauna. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 46: 137 - 234" title="The natural history of a sumac tree, with emphasis on the entomofauna." volume="46" year="1985">Furth (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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, and others. A complete list of citations is found in
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<bibRefCitation author="Clark, SM" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Publications of the West Virginia Department of Agriculture" pageId="45" pageNumber="140" refId="B44" refString="Clark, SM, LeDoux, DG, Seeno, TN, Riley, EG, Gilbert, AJ, Sullivan, JM, 2004. Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada. In: The Coleopterists Society, Special Publication No. 2., 476 pp." title="Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada." volumeTitle="The Coleopterists Society, Special Publication No. 2." year="2004">Clark et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="132" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="132">
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Since
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="F. E. Melsheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Hexapoda" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Pachybrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="132">Pachybrachis tridens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has not been collected in the last 55 years, it can be considered as extirpated from the Canadian fauna. Formerly, it was probably restricted to the Carolinian Life Zone, which is now reduced to minute remnants. For this reason, the Manitoba record reported by
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<bibRefCitation author="LeSage, L" editor="Bousquet, Y" journalOrPublisher="Ottawa" pageId="49" pageNumber="144" pagination="301 - 323" refId="B130" refString="LeSage, L, 1991. Family Chrysomelidae leaf beetles. In: Bousquet, Y, Ed., Checklist of beetles of Canada and Alaska. Ottawa: 301 - 323" title="Family Chrysomelidae leaf beetles." volumeTitle="Checklist of beetles of Canada and Alaska." year="1991">LeSage (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Riley, EG" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterists Society" pageId="51" pageNumber="146" refId="B167" refString="Riley, EG, Clark, SM, Seeno, TN, 2003. Catalog of the leaf beetles of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae and Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society 1, 290 pp." title="Catalog of the leaf beetles of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae and Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae)." volume="1" year="2003">Riley et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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, and the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Québec">Quebec</normalizedToken>
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record cited by
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<bibRefCitation author="Riley, EG" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterists Society" pageId="51" pageNumber="146" refId="B167" refString="Riley, EG, Clark, SM, Seeno, TN, 2003. Catalog of the leaf beetles of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae and Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society 1, 290 pp." title="Catalog of the leaf beetles of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae and Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae)." volume="1" year="2003">Riley et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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are questionable. No specimens were available to confirm them.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |