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<document id="C24EEFDFACE7EFB0EF50EF5F0FE9626D" ID-CLB-Dataset="21777" ID-DOI="10.5252/zoosystema2020v42a16" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8da8c5fa-e4e8-494b-a62c-73b67071652b" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3872305" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:89B88628-A4E1-4373-AEF7-EBD257431676" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1591050682542" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Prkić, Jakov, Giannuzzi-Savelli, Riccardo, Pusateri, Francesco, Russini, Valeria, Fassio, Giulia &amp; Oliverio, Marco" docDate="2020" docId="03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6" docLanguage="en" docName="zoosystema.42.16.215-237.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 42 (16)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631.7:Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Raphitoma stanici Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri 2020, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="1DA03143-93D0-4960-A911-DFCD255CDB71" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="235" masterDocId="FFD66B12A1705748FFE6FFF8FF86FFE9" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)" masterLastPageNumber="237" masterPageNumber="215" pageNumber="229" updateTime="1698841927748" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="D4A3FB364F5C9D6098AD5EB6692B865C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="8D76DD1DF131CFB60BCBFDC8E2A5FBAB">Three new species of Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Raphitomidae) from Croatian waters (NE Adriatic Sea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="296CF9C556DC1BA68C4C76F51DC71297">Prkić, Jakov</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6943121779E40EA0EE48B1EBA1F2097F">Getaldićeva 11, C- 21000 Split (Croatia) jakov. prkic 1 @ inet. hr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role id="F16E1D336557AF1D9B2413F1406C6F9F">
<mods:roleTerm id="AA6826DF52A93695CF8FCF13FB678FBF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="866E508CB57303FE3F98D74F226A03F4">Giannuzzi-Savelli, Riccardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="936C06131C6A9EA578191B18A9734E63">Via Mater Dolorosa 54, I- 90146 Palermo (Italy) malakos @ tin. it (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2AD94260A6CF57852FA702B142812C33" type="email">malakos@tin.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="05EF417F49C2E9661106281C1B2792C2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="694B9A417998D4D86E81CE82F0E6CB3D">Pusateri, Francesco</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5B9486C3EF9641F5DFA5C5F2954B06F2">Via Castellana 64, I- 90135 Palermo (Italy) francesco @ pusateri. it</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A391AB24D618B10355A3ADA058DA1331" type="email">francesco@pusateri.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FFBDD11C4539BB8816416070DADC094C">Russini, Valeria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C8E8B4A36B74CE6C918B8BB91C5CE82B">Fassio, Giulia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="564E60B802221E4A83522911FBC1AFF7">Oliverio, Marco</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2CBB7D12AB8A925262D5C24D3701671E">Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “ Charles Darwin ”, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 32, I- 00185 Rome (Italy) valeria. russini @ uniroma 1. it, giulia. fassio @ uniroma 1. it, marco. oliverio @ uniroma 1. it</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="71AFE5ADD45430396962726F16418A86">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D172BDC901E5D25210E945730B264B5B">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E8CE16FC96CDC3A68A3E71ECF8F8C021">2020-05-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="27B97A26AB81EABEF830FC4D9731C821">42</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3FA99049C78A00355739D45AC021B2D5">16</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1E709B45B4028F009ECFA0C137882237" type="DOI">10.5252/zoosystema2020v42a16</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3883172" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164405788" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3883172" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1DA03143-93D0-4960-A911-DFCD255CDB71" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<subSubSection id="C35CF1F7A1605758FE85FE60FD23FE3A" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FE85FE60FD23FE3A" blockId="16.[230,677,408,499]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<heading id="D0B11510A1605758FE85FE60FD23FE3A" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FE85FE60FDE5FE3B" ID-CoL="7SZHF" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FE85FE60FDAFFE5B" bold="true" box="[355,553,408,435]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Raphitoma stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A1605758FD8CFE41FD23FE3A" box="[618,677,441,467]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35CF1F7A1605758FEEAFE20FD68FDCE" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FEEAFE20FD06FE1A" blockId="16.[230,677,408,499]" box="[268,640,472,499]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
(
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A1605758FEF5FE20FEE6FE1B" box="[275,352,472,498]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[132,143,1964,1982]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 10. — Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN-IM-2000-34890, 14.3 mm, Sukošan;B, paratype, coll. STA,14.5 mm, Brač Is.; C, paratype, coll. RGS 120249, 16.1 mm, Sukošan; D, paratype, coll. PRK, 16.5 mm, Sukošan; E, paratype, coll. PUS 2801, 14.3 mm, Brač Is.; F, paratype, coll. PRK, 17.1 mm, Sukošan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872325/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Figs 10</figureCitation>
A-F;
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A1605758FE7CFE20FE34FE1B" box="[410,434,472,498]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1766,1784]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[132,1455,214,1719]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 11. — Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri n. sp., Brač Island, paratype 13, MNHN, 12.4 mm: A, dorsal view of protoconch; B, detail of microgranules; C-D, apical and frontal view of protoconch; E, detail of transition from protoconch to teleoconch. Scale bars: A, C-E, 300 µm; B, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872327" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872327/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">11</figureCitation>
A-E;
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A1605758FE09FE20FD8CFE1B" box="[495,522,472,498]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[133,144,1346,1364]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[509,982,304,850]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 12. — A, B, live specimens of Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri n. sp.: A, Sukošan, depth 3-5 m, 19.4 mm; B, Biograd, depth 2 m, 16.1 mm. Photos courtesy: A. Petani." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872329/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">12</figureCitation>
A, B;
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A1605758FDAFFE20FDE5FE1A" box="[585,611,472,499]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[132,143,1941,1959]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIG. 16. — A, Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri n. sp., paratype, coll. STA, 13.22 mm, Brač Is., Croatia; B, R. echinata sensu Auctores - morphotype 3,12.7 mm, Le Grau du Roi,France;C, R. echinata AA.- morphotype 4, 9.2 mm,Saronic Gulf,Greece;D, E, R. echinata AA.- morphotype 2: D, 18.3 mm, Sevid, Croatia; E, 9.55 mm, Saronic Gulf, Greece; F, G, R. echinata AA. - morphotype 5: F, 9.4 mm, Saronic Gulf, Greece; G, 8.0 mm, Alboran Sea, Spain. Scale bars: 3 mm. Photos courtesy: E, F, Kontadakis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872337/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">16</figureCitation>
A)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF7BFDEDFD68FDCE" blockId="16.[157,750,533,551]" box="[157,750,533,551]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<uri id="FFD7AE7EA1605758FF7BFDEDFD68FDCE" box="[157,750,533,551]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62FDBFFDADFD89" blockId="16.[132,555,583,608]" box="[132,555,583,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB568552A1605758FF62FDBFFDADFD89" box="[132,555,583,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FF62FDBFFF6AFDB6" ID-CoL="7PFKN" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1847" box="[132,236,583,607]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF62FDBFFF6AFDB6" box="[132,236,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Raphitoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. A –
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7846DA1605758FEDBFDBFFDA1FD89" author="RUSSINI V. &amp; SAVELLI R. &amp; PUSATERI F. &amp; PRKIC J. &amp; FASSIO J. &amp; MODICA M. V. &amp; OLIVERIO M." box="[317,551,583,608]" page="301" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA1605758FEDBFDBFFDA1FD89" author="RUSSINI V. &amp; SAVELLI R. &amp; PUSATERI F. &amp; PRKIC J. &amp; FASSIO J. &amp; MODICA M. V. &amp; OLIVERIO M." box="[317,551,583,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" pagination="293 - 318" refId="ref13068" refString="RUSSINI V., GIANNUZZI- SAVELLI R., PUSATERI F., PRKIC J., FASSIO J., MODICA M. V. &amp; OLIVERIO M. 2020. - Genetic evidence of poecilogony in the genus Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847. Invertebrate Systematics 34: 293 - 318. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 19039" type="journal article" year="2020">
Russini
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FE6DFDB0FE3CFDB6" box="[395,442,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">et al.</emphasis>
2020: 301
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35CF1F7A1605758FF62FD8FFD2AFB92" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62FD8FFE00FD2D" blockId="16.[132,775,631,840]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FF62FD8FFE00FD2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904333" collectionCode="MATERIAL" country="Croatia" elevation="4" latitude="44.025" location="Sukosan" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="15.347222" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
TYPE
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. —
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FEDEFD8FFE15FD66" bold="true" box="[312,403,631,655]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA1605758FEDEFD8FFE15FD66" box="[312,403,631,655]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FE7BFD8FFE63FD66" bold="true" box="[413,485,631,655]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<collectingCountry id="F351E2ECA1605758FE7BFD8FFE63FD66" box="[413,485,631,655]" name="Croatia" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Croatia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• lv; MNHN-IM-2000-34890 (height
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FF3FFD6AFECAFD40" box="[217,332,658,682]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.433" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="mm" value="14.33">14.33 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FE78FD69FD83FD43" box="[414,517,657,682]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.38" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="mm" value="6.38">6.38 mm</quantity>
);
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FDFCFD69FDF2FD40" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FDFCFD69FDF2FD40" box="[538,628,657,681]" country="Croatia" latitude="44.025" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="15.347222" name="Sukosan" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Sukošan</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FD66FD6AFC84FD43" box="[640,770,658,682]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="30" value="44.025">44°01’30”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FF62FD54FF7FFD2D" box="[132,249,684,708]" degrees="15" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="50" value="15.347222">15°20’50”E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="006B454FA1605758FEE2FD54FE04FD2D" box="[260,386,684,708]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FEE2FD54FEB9FD2A" box="[260,319,684,708]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2-6 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62FD3EFD86FCA1" blockId="16.[132,775,631,840]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FF62FD3EFC81FD37" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904317" box="[132,775,710,735]" country="Croatia" location="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF62FD3EFF62FD37" bold="true" box="[132,228,710,734]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA1605758FF62FD3EFF62FD37" box="[132,228,710,734]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF15FD3EFEB8FD37" bold="true" box="[243,318,710,734]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<collectingCountry id="F351E2ECA1605758FF15FD3EFEB8FD37" box="[243,318,710,734]" name="Croatia" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Croatia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FEB1FD3FFE06FD37" box="[343,384,710,735]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">1 lv</specimenCount>
; MNHN-IM-2000-34891;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FD7EFD3FFC81FD37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FD7EFD3FFC81FD37" box="[664,775,710,735]" country="Croatia" name="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Brač Island</location>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FF73FD19FDDEFD10" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904339" box="[149,600,737,761]" country="Croatia" location="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-larva="5" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FF73FD19FF3BFD10" box="[149,189,737,761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">5 lv</specimenCount>
; coll. PRK; same locality data as
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA1605758FDE4FD19FDDEFD10" box="[514,600,737,761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FD89FD19FEB5FCFA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904346" country="Croatia" location="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FD89FD19FD11FD10" box="[623,663,737,761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">1 lv</specimenCount>
; coll. PUS- 2801;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FF23FD04FEB5FCFA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FF23FD04FEB5FCFA" box="[197,307,763,788]" country="Croatia" name="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Brač Island</location>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FEADFD03FF5CFCC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904352" collectingDate="49-12-02" country="Croatia" location="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FEADFD03FEF5FCFA" box="[331,371,763,787]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">1 lv</specimenCount>
; coll. RGS-
<date id="FFF884BCA1605758FE0EFD03FDB2FCFA" box="[488,564,763,787]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" value="49-12-02">
<collectingDate id="EFBC7D54A1605758FE0EFD03FDB2FCFA" box="[488,564,763,787]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" value="49-12-02">120249</collectingDate>
</date>
; same locality data as
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA1605758FF62FCEEFF5CFCC7" box="[132,218,790,814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FF17FCEEFE7EFCC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904332" box="[241,504,790,814]" country="Croatia" location="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-larva="6" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FF17FCEEFE9EFCC7" box="[241,280,790,814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">6 lv</specimenCount>
; coll. STA;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FE6DFCEEFE7EFCC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FE6DFCEEFE7EFCC7" box="[395,504,790,814]" country="Croatia" name="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Brač Island</location>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FDE9FCEEFE7DFCA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904324" country="Croatia" location="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-larva="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FDE9FCEEFDB1FCC7" box="[527,567,790,814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">2 lv</specimenCount>
; BAU-2256.2, BAU- 2256.3; same locality data as
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA1605758FE44FCC8FE7DFCA1" box="[418,507,816,840]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62FCA7FE80FC7B" blockId="16.[132,775,863,914]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
TYPE LOCALITY. —
<collectingCountry id="F351E2ECA1605758FEADFC98FE1EFC91" box="[331,408,864,888]" name="Croatia" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Croatia</collectingCountry>
, Sukošan;
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FDE2FC98FD06FC91" box="[516,640,864,888]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="30" value="44.025">44°01’30”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FD6AFC98FC85FC91" box="[652,771,864,888]" degrees="15" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="50" value="15.347222">15°20’50”E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FF62FC82FF46FC7B" box="[132,192,890,914]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2-6 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62FC52FD2AFB92" blockId="16.[132,775,938,1147]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FF62FC52FD96FC2B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904315" box="[132,528,938,962]" collectionCode="MATERIAL" country="Croatia" location="Croatia" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1">
OTHER
<collectionCode id="ED573AB9A1605758FF34FC57FEA8FC29" box="[210,302,943,960]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
EXAMINED. —
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FE23FC52FD96FC2B" bold="true" box="[453,528,938,962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<collectingCountry id="F351E2ECA1605758FE23FC52FD96FC2B" box="[453,528,938,962]" name="Croatia" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Croatia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FDC0FC52FEDFFC35" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904320" country="Croatia" elevation="25" location="Rivanj Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1">
4 sh; coll. PRK;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FD21FC52FF47FC35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FD21FC52FF47FC35" country="Croatia" name="Rivanj Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Rivanj Island</location>
;
<elevation id="006B454FA1605758FF2FFC3DFEDFFC35" box="[201,345,964,989]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FF2FFC3DFE9AFC35" box="[201,284,965,989]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20-30 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FE8AFC3DFEE8FC1E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904342" collectionCode="PRK" elevation="4" latitude="44.025" location="Sukosan" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="15.347222" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-larva="4">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FE8AFC3DFE09FC35" box="[364,399,964,989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">4 lv</specimenCount>
, 2 sh; coll.
<collectionCode id="ED573AB9A1605758FE13FC3DFDA1FC35" box="[501,551,965,988]" collectionName="PRK" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">PRK</collectionCode>
;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FDC9FC3CFD04FC35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FDC9FC3CFD04FC35" box="[559,642,964,988]" latitude="44.025" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="15.347222" name="Sukosan" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Sukošan</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FD6CFC3DFC85FC34" box="[650,771,965,989]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="30" value="44.025">44°01’30”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FF62FC27FF72FC1E" box="[132,244,991,1015]" degrees="15" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="50" value="15.347222">15°20’50”E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FF1AFC27FEB5FC1F" box="[252,307,991,1015]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">
<elevation id="006B454FA1605758FF1AFC27FEB5FC1F" box="[252,307,991,1015]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2-6 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FE66FC27FF7EFBF8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904313" collectionCode="PET" elevation="4" latitude="44.025" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="15.347222" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-larva="12">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FE66FC27FE36FC1E" box="[384,432,991,1015]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">12 lv</specimenCount>
; coll.
<collectionCode id="ED573AB9A1605758FE04FC27FD88FC1F" box="[482,526,991,1014]" collectionName="PET" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">PET</collectionCode>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FDF0FC27FD0CFC1E" box="[534,650,991,1015]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="30" value="44.025">44°01’30”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FD75FC27FC85FC1E" box="[659,771,991,1015]" degrees="15" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="50" value="15.347222">15°20’50”E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FF62FC01FF3AFBF8" box="[132,188,1017,1041]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">
<elevation id="006B454FA1605758FF62FC01FF3AFBF8" box="[132,188,1017,1041]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2-6 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FEECFC01FC80FBF8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904303" box="[266,774,1017,1041]" collectionCode="LET" elevation="4" latitude="44.025" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="15.347222" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1">
5 sh; coll.
<collectionCode id="ED573AB9A1605758FE80FC02FE15FBF8" box="[358,403,1018,1041]" collectionName="LET" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">LET</collectionCode>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FE7DFC01FD97FBF8" box="[411,529,1017,1041]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="30" value="44.025">44°01’30”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72C4BBA1605758FDFFFC01FD0CFBF8" box="[537,650,1017,1041]" degrees="15" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="50" value="15.347222">15°20’50”E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FD75FC01FD4DFBF8" box="[659,715,1017,1041]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">
<elevation id="006B454FA1605758FD75FC01FD4DFBF8" box="[659,715,1017,1041]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2-6 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FF73FBECFDDDFBC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904350" box="[149,603,1044,1068]" collectorName="Biograd" country="Croatia" elevation="2" location="Bosana" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-larva="5">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FF73FBECFF3BFBC5" box="[149,189,1044,1068]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">5 lv</specimenCount>
; coll. PET;
<collectorName id="26B3C7AAA1605758FED7FBECFE06FBC5" box="[305,384,1044,1068]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Biograd</collectorName>
,
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FE6DFBECFE55FBC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FE6DFBECFE55FBC5" box="[395,467,1044,1068]" country="Croatia" name="Bosana" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Bošana</location>
;
<elevation id="006B454FA1605758FE38FBECFDDDFBC5" box="[478,603,1044,1068]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FE38FBECFD9DFBC2" box="[478,539,1044,1068]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FD94FBECFEC3FBAF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904347" country="Croatia" elevation="2" location="Tribunj" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FD94FBECFD1CFBC5" box="[626,666,1044,1068]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">1 lv</specimenCount>
; coll. PET;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FF62FBD6FF56FBAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FF62FBD6FF56FBAF" box="[132,208,1070,1094]" country="Croatia" name="Tribunj" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Tribunj</location>
;
<elevation id="006B454FA1605758FF3AFBD6FEC3FBAF" box="[220,325,1070,1094]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="2.0">
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FF3AFBD6FE82FBAF" box="[220,260,1070,1094]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FEB8FBD6FD67FBAF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904314" box="[350,737,1070,1094]" country="Croatia" elevation="2" location="Stari Trogir" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FEB8FBD6FE00FBAF" box="[350,390,1070,1094]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">1 lv</specimenCount>
; coll. PET;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FE1DFBD6FDEBFBAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FE1DFBD6FDEBFBAF" box="[507,621,1070,1094]" country="Croatia" name="Stari Trogir" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Stari Trogir</location>
;
<elevation id="006B454FA1605758FD9FFBD6FD67FBAF" box="[633,737,1070,1094]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="2.0">
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FD9FFBD6FD27FBAF" box="[633,673,1070,1094]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FD1CFBD6FED6FB88" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904327" country="Croatia" location="Voluja" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1">
1 sh; coll. PRK;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FEF7FBB1FED6FB88" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FEF7FBB1FED6FB88" box="[273,336,1097,1121]" country="Croatia" name="Voluja" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Voluja</location>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FE80FBB1FE86FB92" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904341" collectorName="Milna" country="Croatia" elevation="14" location="Brac Island" municipality="Sicily" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-larva="8">
<specimenCount id="9D4069F5A1605758FE80FBB1FE0BFB88" box="[358,397,1097,1121]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="larva">8 lv</specimenCount>
; coll. STA;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FE18FBB1FDE8FB88" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FE18FBB1FDE8FB88" box="[510,622,1097,1121]" country="Croatia" municipality="Sicily" name="Brac Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Brač Island</location>
,
<collectorName id="26B3C7AAA1605758FD91FBB1FD33FB88" box="[631,693,1097,1121]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Milna</collectorName>
;
<elevation id="006B454FA1605758FD59FBB1FF46FB92" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="8.0">
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FD59FBB1FC81FB89" box="[703,775,1097,1121]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="8.0">8-20 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
.
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF2CFB9BFE86FB92" bold="true" box="[202,256,1123,1147]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9D3806A1605758FF2CFB9BFE86FB92" box="[202,256,1123,1147]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Sicily</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B2EA821A1605758FEF0FB9BFD2EFB92" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2630904337" box="[278,680,1123,1147]" country="Croatia" location="Gulf of Palermo" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1">
8 sh; MCZR-M-16899;
<location id="8E99F4A7A1605758FDEEFB9BFD2EFB92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF136AA1605750FE85FE60FDDAFAA6:8E99F4A7A1605758FDEEFB9BFD2EFB92" box="[520,680,1123,1147]" country="Croatia" name="Gulf of Palermo" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Gulf of Palermo</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35CF1F7A1605758FF62FB6AFED4FB2C" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62FB6AFED4FB2C" blockId="16.[132,775,1170,1221]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
DISTRIBUTION. — Only known from the material examined, in
<collectingCountry id="F351E2ECA1605758FF62FB55FF4BFB2C" box="[132,205,1197,1221]" name="Croatia" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Croatia</collectingCountry>
and in Sicily.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35CF1F7A1605758FF62FB24FD0EF988" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62FB24FD2FFAE6" blockId="16.[132,775,1244,1295]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">ETYMOLOGY. — After Rino Stanić, for his great contribution to the study of the Croatian molluscs and to the present paper.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62FADFFD0EF988" blockId="16.[132,775,1319,1634]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
HABITAT. — This species has been collected on rocky bottoms with plenty of small and medium-sized stones, on the underside of which the specimens are found at daytime. This is a shallow-water species, most of the live specimens were found at
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FDFCFA8EFDD0FA67" box="[538,598,1398,1422]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="5.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="2.0">2-8 m</quantity>
depth, only a few of them were found at
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FEBBFA69FE36FA41" box="[349,432,1425,1449]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15-20 m</quantity>
depth (R. Stanić, personal communication).
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FF0EFA54FD11FA2A" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[232,663,1451,1475]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF0EFA54FEBBFA2A" box="[232,317,1452,1475]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A1605758FD7AFA54FD56FA2A" box="[668,720,1452,1475]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
often lives in sympatry/syntopy with other raphitomids (
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FD89FA3EFC86FA37" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[623,768,1478,1502]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Cyrillia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FD89FA3EFC86FA37" box="[623,768,1478,1502]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Cyrillia linearis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FF62FA18FEA1FA11" baseAuthorityName="Michaud" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[132,295,1504,1528]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Leufroyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="leufroyi">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF62FA18FEA1FA11" box="[132,295,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Leufroyia leufroyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FED4FA19FE26FA11" baseAuthorityName="Scacchi" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[306,416,1505,1528]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Leufroyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="concinna">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FED4FA19FE26FA11" box="[306,416,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">L. concinna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FE4AFA18FDEEFA11" baseAuthorityName="Monterosato" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[428,616,1504,1528]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="contigua">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FE4AFA18FDEEFA11" box="[428,616,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Raphitoma contigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FD92FA19FD53FA11" baseAuthorityName="Payraudeau" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[628,725,1504,1528]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cordieri">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FD92FA19FD53FA11" box="[628,725,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">R. cordieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
AA.,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FF62FA03FF55F9FB" baseAuthorityName="Monterosato" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[132,211,1530,1554]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="densa">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF62FA03FF55F9FB" box="[132,211,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">R. densa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FF06FA03FECDF9FB" baseAuthorityName="Brocchi" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[224,331,1530,1554]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF06FA03FECDF9FB" box="[224,331,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">R. echinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
AA. - morphotype 2 [see below],
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FD7CFA03FF2CF9C4" authorityName="Pusateri, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Stahlschmidt" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ephesina">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FD7CFA03FD2CF9FB" box="[666,682,1531,1554]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">C</emphasis>
. cf.
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FD30FA02FF2CF9C4" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">ephesina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FF51F9EEFE8CF9C4" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[183,266,1557,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laviae">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF51F9EEFE8CF9C4" box="[183,266,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">R. laviae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FEF1F9EEFE17F9C4" authorityName="Pusateri, Giannuzzi Savelli &amp; Oliverio" authorityYear="2013" box="[279,401,1557,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="locardi">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FEF1F9EEFEA0F9C4" box="[279,294,1558,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">R</emphasis>
. cf.
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FEB7F9EDFE17F9C4" box="[337,401,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">locardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FE7BF9EEFF57F9AE" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="petanii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FE7BF9EEFE7CF9C4" box="[413,506,1558,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">R. petanii</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A1605758FF3EF9C8FE96F9AE" box="[216,272,1584,1607]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FEFCF9C8FE23F9AE" authorityName="Pusateri &amp; Giannuzzi Savelli" authorityYear="2013" box="[282,421,1583,1607]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="smriglioi">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FEFCF9C8FEAFF9AE" box="[282,297,1584,1607]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">R</emphasis>
. cf.
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FEB2F9D7FE23F9AE" box="[340,421,1583,1607]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">smriglioi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, etc.), sometimes with specimens of 5-6 different species occurring under the same stone.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35CF1F7A1605750FF62F96BFDDAFAA6" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="237" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62F96BFF30F927" blockId="16.[132,776,1683,1838]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
DESCRIPTION [in square brackets the data of the
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA1605758FD77F96BFD75F944" box="[657,755,1683,1709]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
]
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF62F94CFF30F927" box="[132,182,1716,1742]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Shell</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62F92CFEA2F8C7" blockId="16.[132,776,1683,1838]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
Robust and broad, of medium size for the genus. Height:
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FF62F90CFEBAF8E7" box="[132,316,1780,1807]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.499" metricValueMax="1.942" metricValueMin="1.056" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="mm" value="14.99" valueMax="19.42" valueMin="10.56">10.56-19.42 mm</quantity>
[14.33]; width:
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FE0CF90CFD00F8E7" box="[490,646,1780,1807]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.255" metricValueMax="9.17" metricValueMin="5.34" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="mm" value="7.255" valueMax="9.17" valueMin="5.34">5.34-9.17 mm</quantity>
[6.38]; h/d: 1.83-2.3 [2.3].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62F8ABFF72F884" blockId="16.[132,776,1875,2030]" box="[132,244,1875,1901]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FF62F8ABFF72F884" box="[132,244,1875,1901]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Protoconch</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FF62F88BFB5EFE7A" blockId="16.[132,776,1875,2030]" lastBlockId="16.[813,1455,217,403]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
Multispiral with 2.1 to 2.5 [2.3], convex whorls and large nucleus (d:
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FEE6F86BFEDEF847" box="[256,344,1939,1966]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 µm</quantity>
). Protoconch I of 1.2 whorls,
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1605758FD70F86BFD6CF847" box="[662,746,1939,1966]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" unit="mm" value="230.0">230 µm</quantity>
in diameter, covered by dense cancellate sculpture; protoconch II with well-spaced axial threads under the suture extending as low as to mid-height of whorl, and diagonally cancellate sculpture on the rest of whorl. A short and narrow keel at the end of last whorl. Protoconch-teleoconch boundary of flexuose, opisthocline growth lines. Colour usually dark brown or blackish, with or without white nucleus, occasionally entirely very light cream or very light brownish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FCCBFE40FC1CFE3B" blockId="16.[813,1456,440,1296]" box="[813,922,440,466]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FCCBFE40FC1CFE3B" box="[813,922,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Teleoconch</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FCCBFE20FB26FAE6" blockId="16.[813,1456,440,1296]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Of 6.05-7.7 [7.1] convex whorls, suture incised, sculpture very prominent, whole surface covered with extremely fine and dense microgranules. Axial sculpture of 13-18 [14] strong, equidistant, orthocline or slightly opisthocline ribs, much broader than spiral cords, slightly narrower than interspaces. Spiral sculpture of 15-19 [17], spiral cords on the last whorl, of which 5-7 [7] primary cords, above the aperture, first adapical always weaker than second one, starting only at third/fourth whorl; one very weak secondary cordlet on subsutural ramp, with small tubercles at intersection with axial ribs, usually connected by very thin threads. Occasionally on last 0.5-1.5 whorls 1-4 secondary cordlets between primary cords, weak to quite evident. Below periphery 2-4 [2] cords, clearly separated from cords on siphonal fasciole by a wide interspace. Siphonal fasciole with 7-9 [8] nodulose cords, often relatively thin and well-spaced. Cancellation varying from rectangular to squared even on same shell, with very elongate and highly elevated tubercles at the intersections; tubercles on first 3-4 adapical primary cords always spinulose. Subsutural ramp wide and inclined, dark brown or black, with broad white comma-shaped lines. Columella simple, straight and slightly inclined to the right anteriorly, strongly angled posteriorly. Siphonal canal short and widely open at the end, posterior channel wide and relatively shallow. Outer lip with 9-10 [9] strong plicate inner denticles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FCCBFACDFCF2FAA6" blockId="16.[813,1455,1333,1519]" box="[813,884,1333,1359]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FCCBFACDFCF2FAA6" box="[813,884,1333,1359]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Colour</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FCCBFAADFB17FA06" blockId="16.[813,1455,1333,1519]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Background colour brown, brown-reddish or grey-blackish, usually darker in the interspaces and on the ramp; light areas, cream, yellowish or light brownish sparse on the shell; a darker band below the periphery. Broad, curved, comma-shaped whitish lines in most interspaces.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FCCBF9EDFC0BF9C7" blockId="16.[813,1456,1557,1934]" box="[813,909,1557,1583]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FCCBF9EDFC0BF9C7" box="[813,909,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1605758FCCBF9EDFCD3F9C6" box="[813,853,1557,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Soft" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Soft</taxonomicName>
parts
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FCCBF9CDFB8AF864" blockId="16.[813,1456,1557,1934]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Foot long and broad, deeply bilobed anteriorly and with recurved anterolateral corners, narrowly tapering posteriorly. Head small with a pair of long cylindrical tentacles, black eyes on bulges about halfway along their length, distal part slightly longer and much narrower than basal. Colour translucent yellow or yellowish-white, with minute white speckles covering the whole body, including proximal part of tentacles. Siphon black, often with white speckles on the tip. Small greyish areas occasionally present on head, just behind or below tentacles, sometimes extending from mouth area toward the edge of anterior part of foot.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1605758FCCBF84CFB96F824" blockId="16.[813,1455,1971,2030]" box="[813,1040,1971,1997]" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1605758FCCBF84CFB96F824" box="[813,1040,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">Diagnostic nucleotides</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA160575AFCCBF82BFF6EF882" blockId="16.[813,1455,1971,2030]" lastBlockId="18.[132,775,1875,2030]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="231" pageId="16" pageNumber="229">91, 331, 448, 592, 625 (COI), and 304, 348, 357, 358 (ITS2). REMARKS</paragraph>
<caption id="DF39F2F4A1615759FF62F854FE28F802" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872325" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3872325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872325/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="230" startId="17.[132,143,1964,1982]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1615759FF62F854FE28F802" blockId="17.[132,1457,1964,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="230">
FIG. 10. —
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA1615759FF3BF854FD17F857" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[221,657,1964,1982]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="230" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1615759FF3BF854FEF7F857" box="[221,369,1964,1982]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="230">Raphitoma stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A1615759FD70F854FD4EF857" box="[662,712,1964,1982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="230" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1615759FD2BF854FD5CF857" bold="true" box="[717,730,1964,1982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="230">A</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN-IM-2000-34890, 14.3 mm, Sukošan;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1615759FB43F854FB34F857" bold="true" box="[1189,1202,1964,1982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="230">B</emphasis>
, paratype, coll. STA,14.5 mm, Brač Is.;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1615759FF28F83BFF5AF83C" bold="true" box="[206,220,1987,2005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="230">C</emphasis>
, paratype, coll. RGS 120249, 16.1 mm, Sukošan;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1615759FD9CF83BFD0EF83C" bold="true" box="[634,648,1987,2005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="230">D</emphasis>
, paratype, coll. PRK, 16.5 mm, Sukošan;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1615759FC04F83BFC68F83C" bold="true" box="[994,1006,1987,2005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="230">E</emphasis>
, paratype, coll. PUS 2801, 14.3 mm, Brač Is.;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA1615759FA8BF83BFAFEF83C" bold="true" box="[1389,1400,1987,2005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="230">F</emphasis>
, paratype, coll. PRK, 17.1 mm, Sukošan.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF39F2F4A162575AFF62F91EFAEBF8E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872327" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3872327" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872327/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="231" startId="18.[132,143,1766,1784]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1676]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA162575AFF62F91EFAEBF8E7" blockId="18.[132,1455,1766,1807]" pageId="18" pageNumber="231">
FIG. 11. —
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA162575AFF07F91EFD1BF911" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[225,669,1766,1784]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="231" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA162575AFF07F91EFEF0F911" box="[225,374,1766,1784]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="231">Raphitoma stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A162575AFD42F91EFD51F911" box="[676,727,1766,1784]" pageId="18" pageNumber="231" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, Brač Island, paratype 13, MNHN, 12.4 mm:
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA162575AFBB5F91EFBE6F911" bold="true" box="[1107,1120,1766,1784]" pageId="18" pageNumber="231">A</emphasis>
, dorsal view of protoconch;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA162575AFAB5F91EFAE6F911" bold="true" box="[1363,1376,1766,1784]" pageId="18" pageNumber="231">B</emphasis>
, detail of microgranules;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA162575AFEE3F905FEAEF8E6" bold="true" box="[261,296,1788,1807]" pageId="18" pageNumber="231">C -D</emphasis>
, apical and frontal view of protoconch;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA162575AFD97F905FDFBF8E6" bold="true" box="[625,637,1789,1807]" pageId="18" pageNumber="231">E</emphasis>
, detail of transition from protoconch to teleoconch. Scale bars: A, C-E, 300 µm; B, 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA162575AFF62F88BFB52F864" blockId="18.[132,775,1875,2030]" lastBlockId="18.[813,1455,1875,2029]" pageId="18" pageNumber="231">
The height and maximum diameter of protoconch depend on the number of whorls: in the photographed specimen (
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A162575AFF6AF84BFF56F824" box="[140,208,1971,1997]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1766,1784]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[132,1455,214,1719]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 11. — Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri n. sp., Brač Island, paratype 13, MNHN, 12.4 mm: A, dorsal view of protoconch; B, detail of microgranules; C-D, apical and frontal view of protoconch; E, detail of transition from protoconch to teleoconch. Scale bars: A, C-E, 300 µm; B, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872327" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872327/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="231">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
A-E) with PW = 2.5 these two features are: H =
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A162575AFD50F84BFC81F827" box="[694,775,1971,1998]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.07" pageId="18" pageNumber="231" unit="mm" value="507.0">507 µm</quantity>
and max. D =
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A162575AFEC5F82BFEFAF807" box="[291,380,2003,2030]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.12" pageId="18" pageNumber="231" unit="mm" value="412.0">412 µm</quantity>
. The protoconch is often very small, with just a little over two whorls, in such cases its profile is more cylindrical due to a large nucleus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA162575BFCA5F86BFD66F9C6" blockId="18.[813,1455,1875,2029]" lastBlockId="19.[132,776,1461,2030]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="18" pageNumber="231">When the secondary cordlet on the subsutural ramp is very weak there are always nine denticles and the uppermost one is placed under the interspace between first and second primary cords. In the cases when the secondary cordlet is somewhat stronger there is an additional small denticle placed under the interspace between this secondary cordlet and first primary cord; in such cases the number of denticles is always 10.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA163575BFF7AFF09FF2BFCDA" blockId="19.[156,173,241,266]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">
<collectionCode id="ED573AB9A163575BFF7AFF09FF2BFEE3" box="[156,173,241,266]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED573AB9A163575BFF7DFCE2FF2BFCDA" box="[155,173,794,819]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF39F2F4A163575BFF63FABAFE3BFA82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872329" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3872329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872329/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" targetBox="[132,1454,213,1304]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA163575BFF63FABAFE3BFA82" blockId="19.[133,1456,1346,1387]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">
FIG. 12. —
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFF04FABAFF69FABD" bold="true" box="[226,239,1346,1364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFF1CFABAFE81FABD" bold="true" box="[250,263,1346,1364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">B</emphasis>
, live specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFE48FABAFCE9FABD" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[430,879,1346,1364]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFE48FABAFDC3FABD" box="[430,581,1346,1364]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">Raphitoma stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A163575BFC93FABAFC2FFABD" box="[885,937,1346,1364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFC57FABAFC38FABD" bold="true" box="[945,958,1346,1364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">A</emphasis>
, Sukošan, depth 3-5 m, 19.4 mm;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFB0DFABAFB7EFABD" bold="true" box="[1259,1272,1346,1364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">B</emphasis>
, Biograd, depth 2 m, 16.1 mm. Photos courtesy: A. Petani.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA163575BFF7DF9CCFEB3F947" blockId="19.[132,776,1461,2030]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">After a few years from the time of collecting the shells may look significantly different from fresh ones, especially since the dark colours fade out and the whole coloration becomes lighter.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA163575BFF7DF94CFD3CF807" blockId="19.[132,776,1461,2030]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">
At low magnification the surface looks like sandpaper with ultra-fine microgrits. The extremely fine microgranules on teleoconch surface (
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A163575BFEBCF90CFE3EF8E7" box="[346,440,1780,1806]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[132,143,1766,1784]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[132,1455,214,1719]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 11. — Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri n. sp., Brač Island, paratype 13, MNHN, 12.4 mm: A, dorsal view of protoconch; B, detail of microgranules; C-D, apical and frontal view of protoconch; E, detail of transition from protoconch to teleoconch. Scale bars: A, C-E, 300 µm; B, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872327" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872327/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
) are similar in size and density to those of the recently described
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFE19F8ECFE3CF8A7" authority="Horro, Gori &amp; Rolan, 2019" authorityName="Horro, Gori &amp; Rolan" authorityYear="2019" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="zamponorum">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFE19F8ECFC81F8C4" box="[511,775,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">Raphitoma zamponorum</emphasis>
Horro, Gori &amp; Rolán, 2019
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F351E2ECA163575BFE19F8CCFDE8F8A7" box="[511,622,1844,1870]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
, which differs in the longer protoconch (over 3 whorls vs 2-1-2.5 whorls in
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFF44F88CFD0CF864" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[162,650,1907,1933]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFF44F88CFE82F864" box="[162,260,1908,1933]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A163575BFD74F88CFD49F867" box="[658,719,1908,1934]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), the higher h/d ratio (2.6 vs
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A163575BFE9CF86BFE62F844" box="[378,484,1939,1965]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.207" metricValueMax="5.842" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" unit="in" value="2.05" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.8">1.8-2.3 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFE0FF86CFD00F844" authority="Prkic" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[489,646,1939,1965]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFE0FF86CFDC1F844" box="[489,583,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić
</taxonomicName>
, Giannuzzi- Savelli &amp; Pusateri n. sp.), the fewer axials (11 vs
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A163575BFD40F84BFC81F824" box="[678,775,1971,1997]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.937" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" unit="in" value="15.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="13.0">13-18 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFF62F82CFDEEF804" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[132,616,2003,2029]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFF62F82CFF63F804" box="[132,229,2004,2029]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A163575BFD96F82CFD2BF807" box="[624,685,2004,2030]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA163575BFCA5FA4DFC48F947" blockId="19.[813,1456,1461,2030]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">
We have found no clear phylogenetic affinity for
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFAA9FA4EFB2BFA06" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFAA9FA4EFA29FA26" box="[1359,1455,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A163575BFB53FA2DFB77FA06" box="[1205,1265,1493,1519]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
among the other assayed species of
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFC17FA0DFBE5F9E6" authorityName="Bellardi" authorityYear="1847" box="[1009,1123,1525,1551]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFC17FA0DFBE5F9E6" box="[1009,1123,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">Raphitoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with genetic divergence from the other species ranging from 7% to 12%. Morphologically,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFC8BF9CDFAEEF9A7" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[877,1384,1588,1615]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFC8BF9CDFC54F9A7" box="[877,978,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A163575BFA97F9CDFA29F9A6" box="[1393,1455,1589,1615]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
may resemble the complex of species referable to
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFADCF9ADFC5CF967" authority="(Brocchi, 1814)" baseAuthorityName="Brocchi" baseAuthorityYear="1814" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFADCF9ADFA29F987" box="[1338,1455,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">R. echinata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA163575BFCD2F98CFC54F967" author="BROCCHI G. B." box="[820,978,1652,1678]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref11485" refString="BROCCHI G. B. 1814. - Conchiologia fossile subapennina, con osservazioni geologiche sugli Apennini e sul suolo adiacente. Stamperia Reale, Milano Vol. II: 241 - 712, pls 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11569" type="book chapter" year="1814">Brocchi, 1814</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, which were unfortunately not available for DNA analyses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA163575DFCA5F94CFA29F8C7" blockId="19.[813,1456,1461,2030]" lastBlockId="21.[813,1456,1493,2029]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="234" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">
The types of
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA163575BFC2EF94DFA8AF927" authority="Brocchi, 1814" authorityName="Brocchi" authorityYear="1814" box="[968,1292,1716,1742]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinatus">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA163575BFC2EF94DFBF6F927" box="[968,1136,1716,1742]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">Murex echinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA163575BFB93F94CFA8AF927" author="BROCCHI G. B." box="[1141,1292,1716,1742]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref11485" refString="BROCCHI G. B. 1814. - Conchiologia fossile subapennina, con osservazioni geologiche sugli Apennini e sul suolo adiacente. Stamperia Reale, Milano Vol. II: 241 - 712, pls 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11569" type="book chapter" year="1814">Brocchi, 1814</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
consist of three inventoried specimens (Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milano), with numbers i5427, i5428 and i5429, from the Pliocene (Piacentian) of
<collectingCountry id="F351E2ECA163575BFBDAF8ECFBE8F8C7" box="[1084,1134,1812,1838]" name="Italy" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">Italy</collectingCountry>
. The first of them was designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA163575BFC76F8CBFB46F8A7" author="PINNA G. &amp; SPEZIA L." box="[912,1216,1843,1870]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" pagination="125 - 180" refId="ref12620" refString="PINNA G. &amp; SPEZIA L. 1978. - Catalogo dei tipi del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano. V. I tipi dei Gasteropodi fossili. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico Storia Naturale di Milano 119 (2): 125 - 180." type="journal article" year="1978">Pinna &amp; Spezia (1978: 148)</bibRefCitation>
as the “
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA163575BFAF2F8CBFAF1F8A4" box="[1300,1399,1843,1869]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
” and the two others as the “
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA163575BFBC0F8ACFB14F887" box="[1062,1170,1876,1902]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
”. According to the ICZN (1999: art. 74.6), in this case Pinna &amp; Spezia actually designated a “
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA163575BFC6EF86BFC68F844" box="[904,1006,1939,1965]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
” leaving the other two as “
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA163575BFAE2F86BFA25F844" box="[1284,1443,1939,1965]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
”. However, the three
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA163575BFBE1F84CFBE5F827" box="[1031,1123,1972,1998]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
belong to 3 different entities. The “
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA163575BFC8CF82BFC53F804" box="[874,981,2003,2029]" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
” i5427 (
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A163575BFBDCF82BFB23F804" box="[1082,1189,2003,2029]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[132,143,1964,1982]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 13. — A, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, lectotype, MCSNM i5427, 21.6 mm; B, Raphitoma cordieri (Payraudeau,1826), 22.0 mm, Capraia Is., Italy; C, after Brocchi (1814: fig. 3), 19.0 mm; D, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428, 18.6 mm; E, Raphitoma echinata sensu Auctores - morphotype 1, 13.0 mm, Mljet Is., Croatia. Scale bars: 5 mm. A, D: photo courtesy by Michele Zilioli (MCSNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872331/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">Figs 13A</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A163575BFB55F82BFB65F807" box="[1203,1251,2003,2030]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[132,143,1399,1417]" captionTargetBox="[134,1453,215,1352]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[701,798,782,1354]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 15. — Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814: A, lectotype, MCSNM i 5427; B, D, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428; C, E, paralectotype, MCSNM i5429. Photos courtesy: Martina Paolini (MCSNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872335/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="232">15A</figureCitation>
) (h:
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A163575BFAF8F82BFA0AF807" box="[1310,1420,2003,2030]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.16" pageId="19" pageNumber="232" unit="mm" value="21.6">21.6 mm</quantity>
, d:
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A165575DFF62FA2DFF6DFA06" box="[132,235,1493,1519]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.38" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="8.38">8.38 mm</quantity>
, h/d: 2.58) refers to the species that recent authors identify as
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFF1BFA0DFDCBF9F9" authority="(Payraudeau, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Payraudeau" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[253,589,1525,1552]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cordieri">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFF1BFA0DFEEAF9E6" box="[253,364,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">R. cordieri</emphasis>
(Payraudeau, 1826)
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA165575DFDBFFA0DFF56F9C6" author="ROSSI RONCHETTI C." pageId="21" pageNumber="234" pagination="91 - 343" refId="ref13024" refString="ROSSI RONCHETTI C. 1955. - I tipi della &quot; Conchiologia Fossile Subapennina &quot; di G. Brocchi. Parte II: Gastropodi, Scafopodi. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Memorie 5 (2): 91 - 343." type="journal article" year="1955">Rossi Ronchetti (1955)</bibRefCitation>
also identified this specimen as
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFDA4F9ECFC81F9C7" box="[578,775,1556,1582]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Philbertia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cordieri">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFDA4F9ECFC81F9C7" box="[578,775,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Philbertia cordieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A165575DFF6AF9CCFF6DF9A6" box="[140,235,1588,1615]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[132,143,1414,1432]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1370]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[132,1455,215,1370]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 14. — Murex echinatus Brocchi,1814:A, paralectotype, MCSNM i5429,6.67 mm; B, box of types; C, probable Brocchi’s original label; D, E, museum labels; F, label written by Rossi Ronchetti. Scale bar: 3 mm. Photos courtesy: Michele Zilioli (MCSNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872333/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
). Based on its small size, the fine microgranulation covering the entire shell, the very strong sculpture, and the two denticles adjacent to the posterior siphon more robust than the others, the
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA165575DFE8AF96CFD86F947" box="[364,512,1684,1710]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
i5429 (
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A165575DFDBCF96CFD44F947" box="[602,706,1684,1710]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[132,143,1414,1432]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1370]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[132,1455,215,1370]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 14. — Murex echinatus Brocchi,1814:A, paralectotype, MCSNM i5429,6.67 mm; B, box of types; C, probable Brocchi’s original label; D, E, museum labels; F, label written by Rossi Ronchetti. Scale bar: 3 mm. Photos courtesy: Michele Zilioli (MCSNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872333/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Figs 14A</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A165575DFD29F96CFF10F926" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[132,143,1399,1417]" captionTargetBox="[134,1453,215,1352]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[701,798,782,1354]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 15. — Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814: A, lectotype, MCSNM i 5427; B, D, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428; C, E, paralectotype, MCSNM i5429. Photos courtesy: Martina Paolini (MCSNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872335/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">15C, E</figureCitation>
) (h:
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A165575DFF29F94CFEBDF926" box="[207,315,1716,1743]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.67" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="6.67">6.67 mm</quantity>
, d:
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A165575DFE81F94CFE54F926" box="[359,466,1716,1743]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.96" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="2.96">2.96 mm</quantity>
, h/d: 2.25), refers to a species of the group of
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFE85F92CFD54F907" authority="(Montagu, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[355,722,1748,1774]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Cyrillia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFE85F92CFD81F907" box="[355,519,1748,1774]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Cyrillia linearis</emphasis>
(Montagu, 1803)
</taxonomicName>
. The “
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA165575DFF6BF90CFEA7F8E7" box="[141,289,1780,1806]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
” i5428 (
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A165575DFE9AF90CFE62F8E7" box="[380,484,1780,1806]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[132,143,1964,1982]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 13. — A, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, lectotype, MCSNM i5427, 21.6 mm; B, Raphitoma cordieri (Payraudeau,1826), 22.0 mm, Capraia Is., Italy; C, after Brocchi (1814: fig. 3), 19.0 mm; D, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428, 18.6 mm; E, Raphitoma echinata sensu Auctores - morphotype 1, 13.0 mm, Mljet Is., Croatia. Scale bars: 5 mm. A, D: photo courtesy by Michele Zilioli (MCSNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872331/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Figs 13D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A165575DFE09F90CFDC6F8E7" box="[495,576,1780,1807]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[132,143,1399,1417]" captionTargetBox="[134,1453,215,1352]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[701,798,782,1354]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 15. — Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814: A, lectotype, MCSNM i 5427; B, D, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428; C, E, paralectotype, MCSNM i5429. Photos courtesy: Martina Paolini (MCSNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872335/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">15B, D</figureCitation>
) (h:
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A165575DFD94F90CFD61F8E7" box="[626,743,1780,1806]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.861" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="18.61">18.61 mm</quantity>
, d:
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A165575DFF62F8ECFF6AF8C7" box="[132,236,1812,1838]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.93" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="7.93">7.93 mm</quantity>
, h/d: 2.35) is the only one that corresponds quite well to the figure of Brocchi (
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A165575DFE27F8CBFDA2F8A7" box="[449,548,1843,1870]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[132,143,1964,1982]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 13. — A, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, lectotype, MCSNM i5427, 21.6 mm; B, Raphitoma cordieri (Payraudeau,1826), 22.0 mm, Capraia Is., Italy; C, after Brocchi (1814: fig. 3), 19.0 mm; D, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428, 18.6 mm; E, Raphitoma echinata sensu Auctores - morphotype 1, 13.0 mm, Mljet Is., Croatia. Scale bars: 5 mm. A, D: photo courtesy by Michele Zilioli (MCSNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872331/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
), his description and the currently accepted concept of
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFE08F8ACFDEDF884" box="[494,619,1875,1901]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFE08F8ACFDE1F884" baseAuthorityName="Brocchi" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[494,615,1875,1901]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">R. echinata</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Also, its size is close to that reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA165575DFE70F88BFDB2F864" author="BROCCHI G. B." box="[406,564,1907,1933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref11485" refString="BROCCHI G. B. 1814. - Conchiologia fossile subapennina, con osservazioni geologiche sugli Apennini e sul suolo adiacente. Stamperia Reale, Milano Vol. II: 241 - 712, pls 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11569" type="book chapter" year="1814">Brocchi (1814</bibRefCitation>
; 9 lines =
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A165575DFD40F88BFD7DF867" box="[678,763,1907,1934]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
). There are many interpretations of Brocchi’s taxon in the literature and various morphs or species have been identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFF45F82CFE9BF804" baseAuthorityName="Brocchi" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[163,285,2003,2029]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFF45F82CFE9BF804" box="[163,285,2003,2029]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">R. echinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We suspect that under the nominal taxon “
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFCDEFA2DFC2BFA06" baseAuthorityName="Brocchi" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[824,941,1493,1519]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFCDEFA2DFC2BFA06" box="[824,941,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">R. echinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” of authors a complex of distinct species may be concealed. Pending a revision of the complex based on DNA data, and an extensive study of fossil material (where possibly some nomenclatorial ruling will be necessary), we refer here to the known morphotypes, which may correspond or not to biological species but remain as clear reference for subsequent investigations.Two of them occur in
<collectingCountry id="F351E2ECA165575DFB5EF96CFA8FF947" box="[1208,1289,1684,1710]" name="Croatia" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Croatia</collectingCountry>
and are worthy of comparison with
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFBF5F94DFC02F907" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFBF5F94DFBFFF927" box="[1043,1145,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A165575DFC6AF92CFC4AF907" box="[908,972,1748,1774]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFC3FF92DFBD4F907" baseAuthorityName="Brocchi" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[985,1106,1748,1774]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFC3FF92DFBD4F907" box="[985,1106,1748,1774]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">R. echinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphotype 1 (
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A165575DFAF5F92CFAF0F907" box="[1299,1398,1748,1774]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[132,143,1964,1982]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 13. — A, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, lectotype, MCSNM i5427, 21.6 mm; B, Raphitoma cordieri (Payraudeau,1826), 22.0 mm, Capraia Is., Italy; C, after Brocchi (1814: fig. 3), 19.0 mm; D, Murex echinatus Brocchi, 1814, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428, 18.6 mm; E, Raphitoma echinata sensu Auctores - morphotype 1, 13.0 mm, Mljet Is., Croatia. Scale bars: 5 mm. A, D: photo courtesy by Michele Zilioli (MCSNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872331/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Fig. 13E</figureCitation>
), the most similar to
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA165575DFC31F90CFBEEF8E7" box="[983,1128,1780,1806]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
i5428, and so far known only from
<collectingCountry id="F351E2ECA165575DFC81F8ECFC3DF8C7" box="[871,955,1812,1838]" name="Croatia" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Croatia</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFC14F8ECFBE1F8C7" baseAuthorityName="Brocchi" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[1010,1127,1812,1838]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFC14F8ECFBE1F8C7" box="[1010,1127,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">R. echinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphotype 2 (
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A165575DFAF4F8ECFAFFF8C7" box="[1298,1401,1812,1838]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[132,143,1941,1959]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIG. 16. — A, Raphitoma stanici Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri n. sp., paratype, coll. STA, 13.22 mm, Brač Is., Croatia; B, R. echinata sensu Auctores - morphotype 3,12.7 mm, Le Grau du Roi,France;C, R. echinata AA.- morphotype 4, 9.2 mm,Saronic Gulf,Greece;D, E, R. echinata AA.- morphotype 2: D, 18.3 mm, Sevid, Croatia; E, 9.55 mm, Saronic Gulf, Greece; F, G, R. echinata AA. - morphotype 5: F, 9.4 mm, Saronic Gulf, Greece; G, 8.0 mm, Alboran Sea, Spain. Scale bars: 3 mm. Photos courtesy: E, F, Kontadakis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872337/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Figs 16D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A165575DFA65F8ECFA24F8C7" box="[1411,1442,1812,1838]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[305,316,1099,1117]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1049]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[132,1455,215,1054]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 17. — Live specimen of Raphitoma echinatasensu Auctores - morphotype 2, Sevid, Croatia, depth 5 m, 18.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872339/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF39F2F4A164575CFF62F854FC58F802" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872331" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3872331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872331/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="233" startId="20.[132,143,1964,1982]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA164575CFF62F854FC58F802" blockId="20.[132,1455,1964,2027]" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">
FIG. 13. —
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA164575CFF38F854FF6DF857" bold="true" box="[222,235,1964,1982]" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">A</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA164575CFF12F854FE71F857" authority="Brocchi, 1814" authorityName="Brocchi" authorityYear="1814" box="[244,503,1964,1982]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="233" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinatus">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA164575CFF12F854FEFBF857" box="[244,381,1964,1982]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">Murex echinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA164575CFE67F854FE71F857" author="BROCCHI G. B." box="[385,503,1964,1982]" pageId="20" pageNumber="233" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref11485" refString="BROCCHI G. B. 1814. - Conchiologia fossile subapennina, con osservazioni geologiche sugli Apennini e sul suolo adiacente. Stamperia Reale, Milano Vol. II: 241 - 712, pls 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11569" type="book chapter" year="1814">Brocchi, 1814</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, lectotype, MCSNM i5427, 21.6 mm;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA164575CFCCAF854FCBFF857" bold="true" box="[812,825,1964,1982]" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA164575CFCA5F854FB0FF857" authority="(Payraudeau, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Payraudeau" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[835,1161,1964,1982]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="233" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cordieri">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA164575CFCA5F854FC66F857" box="[835,992,1964,1982]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">Raphitoma cordieri</emphasis>
(Payraudeau,1826)
</taxonomicName>
, 22.0 mm, Capraia Is., Italy;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA164575CFA94F854FA06F857" bold="true" box="[1394,1408,1964,1982]" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">C</emphasis>
, after
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA164575CFF62F83BFF7EF83C" author="BROCCHI G. B." box="[132,248,1987,2005]" pageId="20" pageNumber="233" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref11485" refString="BROCCHI G. B. 1814. - Conchiologia fossile subapennina, con osservazioni geologiche sugli Apennini e sul suolo adiacente. Stamperia Reale, Milano Vol. II: 241 - 712, pls 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11569" type="book chapter" year="1814">Brocchi (1814</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 3), 19.0 mm;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA164575CFE77F83BFE19F83C" bold="true" box="[401,415,1987,2005]" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">D</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA164575CFE4CF83BFD36F83C" authority="Brocchi, 1814" authorityName="Brocchi" authorityYear="1814" box="[426,688,1987,2005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="233" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinatus">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA164575CFE4CF83BFDB5F83C" box="[426,563,1987,2005]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">Murex echinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA164575CFDDFF83BFD36F83C" author="BROCCHI G. B." box="[569,688,1987,2005]" pageId="20" pageNumber="233" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref11485" refString="BROCCHI G. B. 1814. - Conchiologia fossile subapennina, con osservazioni geologiche sugli Apennini e sul suolo adiacente. Stamperia Reale, Milano Vol. II: 241 - 712, pls 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11569" type="book chapter" year="1814">Brocchi, 1814</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428, 18.6 mm;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA164575CFBF6F83BFB9AF83C" bold="true" box="[1040,1052,1987,2005]" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">E</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA164575CFBC1F83BFAD2F83C" authority="sensu Auctores" authorityName="Auctores" box="[1063,1364,1987,2005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="233" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA164575CFBC1F83BFA82F83C" box="[1063,1284,1987,2005]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="233">Raphitoma echinata sensu</emphasis>
Auctores
</taxonomicName>
- morphotype 1, 13.0 mm, Mljet Is., Croatia. Scale bars: 5 mm. A, D: photo courtesy by Michele Zilioli (MCSNM).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF39F2F4A165575DFF62FA7EFC26FA47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3872333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872333/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" startId="21.[132,143,1414,1432]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1370]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA165575DFF62FA7EFC26FA47" blockId="21.[132,1457,1413,1455]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">
FIG. 14. —
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFF3BFA7EFE66FA71" authority="Brocchi, 1814" authorityName="Brocchi" authorityYear="1814" box="[221,480,1414,1432]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinatus">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFF3BFA7EFEE3FA71" box="[221,357,1414,1432]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">Murex echinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA165575DFE8CFA7EFE66FA71" author="BROCCHI G. B." box="[362,480,1414,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref11485" refString="BROCCHI G. B. 1814. - Conchiologia fossile subapennina, con osservazioni geologiche sugli Apennini e sul suolo adiacente. Stamperia Reale, Milano Vol. II: 241 - 712, pls 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11569" type="book chapter" year="1814">Brocchi,1814</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFE00FA7EFE75FA71" bold="true" box="[486,499,1414,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">A</emphasis>
, paralectotype, MCSNM i5429,6.67 mm;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFCA9FA7EFCDAFA71" bold="true" box="[847,860,1414,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">B</emphasis>
, box of types;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFC30FA7EFC62FA71" bold="true" box="[982,996,1414,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">C</emphasis>
, probable Brocchi’s original label;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFB19FA7EFA8BFA71" bold="true" box="[1279,1293,1414,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">D</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFAF1FA7EFAA5FA71" bold="true" box="[1303,1315,1414,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">E</emphasis>
, museum labels;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFF62FA65FF09FA46" bold="true" box="[132,143,1437,1455]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">F</emphasis>
, label written by Rossi Ronchetti. Scale bar: 3 mm. Photos courtesy: Michele Zilioli (MCSNM).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA165575EFCA5F8CCFE87F927" blockId="21.[813,1456,1493,2029]" lastBlockId="22.[132,776,1493,2029]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFCA5F8CCFC33F8A4" box="[835,949,1843,1869]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFCA5F8CCFC33F8A4" box="[835,949,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">R. echinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphotypes 1 and 2 share with
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA165575DFAE9F8CCFBF1F884" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA165575DFAE9F8CCFAEBF8A4" box="[1295,1389,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="234">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A165575DFB66F8ACFB39F887" box="[1152,1215,1876,1902]" pageId="21" pageNumber="234" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
some morphological features: medium size for the genus; multispiral protoconch; short siphonal canal; 9-10 denticles on the outer lip; strong teleoconch sculpture with more or less spinulose tubercles and axial ribs broader than the spiral cords; 14-20 axial ribs; 5-6 primary spiral cords above the aperture; 3-4 spiral cords below the periphery of the last whorl, which are always well separated from the cords on the siphonal fasciole; 7-9 cords on the siphonal fasciole; wide subsutural ramps with broad white comma-shaped lines; similar colour pattern with broad and curved white lines in the interspaces; microscopic and extremely dense granules that cover the whole surface of the teleoconch.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF39F2F4A166575EFF62FA8FFE0CFA49" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872335" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3872335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872335/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" startId="22.[132,143,1399,1417]" targetBox="[134,1453,215,1352]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA166575EFF62FA8FFE0CFA49" blockId="22.[132,1456,1399,1440]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">
FIG. 15. —
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA166575EFF39FA8FFE63FA60" authority="Brocchi, 1814" authorityName="Brocchi" authorityYear="1814" box="[223,485,1399,1417]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinatus">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFF39FA8FFEEEFA60" box="[223,360,1399,1417]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">Murex echinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7DF8DA166575EFE8BFA8FFE63FA60" author="BROCCHI G. B." box="[365,485,1399,1417]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref11485" refString="BROCCHI G. B. 1814. - Conchiologia fossile subapennina, con osservazioni geologiche sugli Apennini e sul suolo adiacente. Stamperia Reale, Milano Vol. II: 241 - 712, pls 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11569" type="book chapter" year="1814">Brocchi, 1814</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFE0AFA8FFE7FFA60" bold="true" box="[492,505,1399,1417]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">A</emphasis>
, lectotype, MCSNM i 5427;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFD06FA8FFD6BFA60" bold="true" box="[736,749,1399,1417]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFD11FA8FFC83FA60" bold="true" box="[759,773,1399,1417]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">D</emphasis>
, paralectotype, MCSNM i5428;
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFBF4FA8FFBA6FA60" bold="true" box="[1042,1056,1399,1417]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFBCCFA8FFBB0FA60" bold="true" box="[1066,1078,1399,1417]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">E</emphasis>
, paralectotype, MCSNM i5429. Photos courtesy: Martina Paolini (MCSNM).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA166575EFF7DF92CFC8EF804" blockId="22.[132,776,1493,2029]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA166575EFF7DF92CFEABF907" box="[155,301,1748,1774]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
i5428 of
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA166575EFE7BF92DFDCAF907" authorityName="Brocchi" authorityYear="1814" box="[413,588,1748,1774]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinatus">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFE7BF92DFDCAF907" box="[413,588,1748,1774]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">Murex echinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also shows most of these features: medium size for the genus; short siphonal canal; 10 denticles on the outer lip; strong teleoconch sculpture with spinulose tubercles and axial ribs much larger than the spiral cords; 20 axial ribs; six primary spiral cords above the aperture; three spiral cords below the periphery of the last whorl which are well spaced from the cords on the siphonal fasciole; nine cords on the siphonal fasciole.The colour pattern is unknown in this fossil shell and the protoconch is missing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA166575EFCA5FA2DFCF3F946" blockId="22.[813,1456,1493,2030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA166575EFCA5FA2DFAAEFA06" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[835,1320,1493,1519]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFCA5FA2DFC22FA07" box="[835,932,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A166575EFACBFA2DFAE1FA06" box="[1325,1383,1493,1519]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA166575EFC8CFA0DFC78F9E6" box="[874,1022,1525,1551]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
i
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A166575EFBEAFA0CFBE3F9E6" box="[1036,1125,1524,1551]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3787119999999997" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" unit="in" value="5428.0">5428 in</quantity>
the more robust aspect of the shell, stronger and less numerous axial ribs [13-18 (mean 15.19) vs 20], broader shell [h/d: 1.83-2.25 (mean 2.05) vs 2.35], wider aperture, wider subsutural ramps, presence of microscopic granules, which are absent in
<typeStatus id="54FD1CDEA166575EFAFDF98CFA29F967" box="[1307,1455,1652,1678]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
i5428.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA166575EFCA5F94DFBC4F8A7" blockId="22.[813,1456,1493,2030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA166575EFCA5F94DFAA3F927" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[835,1317,1716,1742]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFCA5F94DFC22F927" box="[835,932,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A166575EFACAF94DFAE1F926" box="[1324,1383,1717,1743]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA166575EFC8EF92DFC5BF907" box="[872,989,1748,1774]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFC8EF92DFC5BF907" box="[872,989,1748,1774]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">R. echinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphotype
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A166575EFB96F92CFB1DF907" box="[1136,1179,1748,1774]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
the darker colour pattern of the shell, the more robust aspect, the wider aperture, the smaller number of protoconch whorls [2.1-2.5 (mean 2.32) vs 3.1-3.35 (mean 3.28)].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9A27CA1665750FCA5F8ACFDDAFAA6" blockId="22.[813,1456,1493,2030]" lastBlockId="24.[132,775,1174,1360]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="237" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA166575EFCA5F8ACFAA3F884" authority="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityName="Prkic, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri" authorityYear="2020" box="[835,1317,1875,1902]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stanici" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFCA5F8ACFC22F884" box="[835,932,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">R. stanici</emphasis>
Prkić, Giannuzzi-Savelli &amp; Pusateri
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A201C315A166575EFACAF8ACFAE1F887" box="[1324,1383,1876,1902]" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C46D9FFA166575EFC80F88CFC5EF864" box="[870,984,1907,1933]" class="Gastropoda" family="Raphitomidae" genus="Raphitoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">
<emphasis id="B9327E6EA166575EFC80F88CFC5EF864" box="[870,984,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="235">R. echinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphotype
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A166575EFB8EF88BFB17F864" box="[1128,1169,1907,1933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="22" pageNumber="235" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
the broader shell, the more elevated and more spinulose tubercles, the wider subsutural ramps, the smaller number of protoconch whorls (2.1-2.5 vs 2.7-3.3), the smaller number of teleoconch whorls at the same shell size (e.g. for h =
<quantity id="4CBE0F99A1685750FE82FB6EFE40FB59" box="[356,454,1174,1200]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="24" pageNumber="237" unit="mm" value="18.3">18.3 mm</quantity>
TW is 7.5 vs 8.5), the absence of pinkish areas on the teleoconch which are always present in fresh shells of the morphotype 2. They differ also in the colour pattern of the animal, the animal in morphotype 2 (
<figureCitation id="137DBEF9A1685750FD57FB0DFD78FAF9" box="[689,766,1269,1296]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[305,316,1099,1117]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1049]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[132,1455,215,1054]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 17. — Live specimen of Raphitoma echinatasensu Auctores - morphotype 2, Sevid, Croatia, depth 5 m, 18.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3872339/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="237">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
) being always completely white except for some scattered grey speckles occasionally present on the siphon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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