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<document id="87CA951404751A22DBC7D4D9E1991836" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.282377" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dad9bb60-0d1a-4a88-9d47-60df040cefa7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="282377" ID-ZooBank="60F151D5-D0F8-4313-89ED-FA383178B247" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460529551214" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Murphy, John C., Voris, Harold K. &amp; Karns, Daryl R." docDate="2012" docId="03EEF608FFADFFFDFF60FBB4FE3799B0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03484p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3484" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cerberus schneiderii Schlegel, new combination" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFD78E70FFBDFFE9FFF7FFD2FFC69A5C" masterDocTitle="The dog-faced water snakes, a revision of the genus Cerberus Cuvier, (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698315622289" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="B1F4EAC77D9805F40B72A87307D9FBAA">The dog-faced water snakes, a revision of the genus Cerberus Cuvier, (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3DAEE4989D1304D51BA5E22D012BA8AE">Murphy, John C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E55241510A30CC9C65CB1BBB45EB460F">Voris, Harold K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AB5E11FC4DC80A6F5B949CBB6C614F7A">Karns, Daryl R.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03EEF608FFADFFFDFF60FBB4FE3799B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5628906" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119526626" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5628906" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EEF608FFADFFFDFF60FBB4FE3799B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EEF608FFADFFFDFF60FBB4FE3799B0" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection id="C35D1495FFADFFF9FF60FBB4FF339EFD" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60FBB4FD379EDC" blockId="16.[151,753,1126,1185]" box="[151,753,1126,1152]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D0B0F072FFADFFF9FF60FBB4FD379EDC" bold="true" box="[151,753,1126,1152]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60FBB4FD379EDC" bold="true" box="[151,753,1126,1152]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60FBB4FDD59EDC" authority="Schlegel" authorityName="Schlegel" box="[151,531,1126,1152]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60FBB4FE549EDC" bold="true" box="[151,402,1126,1152]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerberus schneiderii</emphasis>
(Schlegel)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2002677FFADFFF9FDECFBB4FD379EDC" box="[539,753,1126,1152]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60FB5BFF339EFD" blockId="16.[151,753,1126,1185]" box="[151,245,1161,1185]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<figureCitation id="137C5B9BFFADFFF9FF60FB5BFF339EFD" box="[151,245,1161,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,303,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,303,1615]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 8. Schneiders Bockadam, Cerberus schneiderii. Top: near Trang, Thailand; Bottom is from Pak Phanang, Thailand. Photos JCM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282385/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figure 8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D1495FFADFFF8FF60FB03FD5199F0" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60FB03FE609F78" blockId="16.[151,1437,1233,2022]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60FB03FE339EBB" authority="Schneider 1801" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1801" box="[151,501,1233,1255]" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Elaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boaeformis">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60FB03FE8C9EBB" box="[151,330,1233,1255]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Elaps boaeformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FEA5FB03FE339EBB" author="Schneider" box="[338,501,1233,1255]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Schneider, J. G. (1801) Historiae amphibiorum naturalis et literariae. Fasciculus secundus, continens Crocodilos, Scincos, Chamaesauras, Boas, Pseudoboas, Elapes, Angues, Amphibaemas et Caecilias. Friederici Frommann, Jenae, 364 pp." type="book" year="1801">Schneider 1801</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 2:301.
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FDBEFB00FDBD9EBB" box="[585,635,1234,1255]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
Locality: unknown. Collector: unknown.
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FBDAFB03FB499EBB" box="[1069,1167,1233,1255]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: unknown, presumed lost.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FF30FB22FE509F5A" author="Schlegel" box="[199,406,1264,1286]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Schlegel, H. (1837) Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. II. Partie descriptive. J. Kips, J. Hz, &amp; W. P. Van Stockum, The Hague, 606 pp." type="book" year="1837">Schlegel (1837:341)</bibRefCitation>
considered the name invalid and placed it the synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FC03FB22FB229F5A" box="[1012,1252,1264,1286]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FC03FB22FB229F5A" box="[1012,1252,1264,1286]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Homalopsis schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We consider this name
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FEF3FAC2FE5C9F79" box="[260,410,1295,1317]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">nomen dubium</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60FAFCFB099F3E" blockId="16.[151,1437,1233,2022]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB576030FFADFFF9FF60FAFCFB099F3E" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60FAFCFEBE9F1F" authority="Schneideriana" authorityName="Schneideriana" box="[151,376,1325,1347]" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Hurria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60FAFCFEBE9F1F" box="[151,376,1325,1347]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hurria Schneideriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE65FAFFFDE09F1F" author="Daudin" box="[402,550,1325,1347]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Daudin, F. M. (1803 b) Histoire naturelle, generale et particuliere des reptiles, pour faire suite a l'histoire naturelle de Buffon, redigee par Sonnini. Volume 5. F. Dufart, Paris, 365 pp." type="book" year="1803" yearSuffix="b">Daudin 1803b</bibRefCitation>
, 5: 281.
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FD73FAFCFD709F1F" box="[644,694,1326,1347]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
Locality: None. Based upon Schneider's (1801)
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FB43FAFFFAAE9F1F" box="[1204,1384,1325,1347]" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Elaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boaeformis">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FB43FAFFFAAE9F1F" box="[1204,1384,1325,1347]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Elaps boaeformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this name was considered invalid by
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FDE5FA9EFD209F3E" author="Schlegel" box="[530,742,1356,1378]" page="341" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1837">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FDE5FA9EFD209F3E" author="Schlegel" box="[530,742,1356,1378]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Schlegel, H. (1837) Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. II. Partie descriptive. J. Kips, J. Hz, &amp; W. P. Van Stockum, The Hague, 606 pp." type="book" year="1837">Schlegel (1837: 341)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
and synonymized with
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FC2FFA9EFB099F3E" box="[984,1231,1356,1378]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FC2FFA9EFB0D9F3E" box="[984,1227,1356,1378]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">Homalopsis schneiderii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60FAB9FDD99FDC" blockId="16.[151,1437,1233,2022]" box="[151,543,1386,1409]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB576030FFADFFF9FF60FAB9FDD99FDC" box="[151,543,1386,1409]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60FAB9FE449FDC" box="[151,386,1387,1409]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60FAB9FEAF9FDD" box="[151,361,1387,1409]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molurus">Homalopsis molurus</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FE9EFAB9FE449FDC" bold="true" box="[361,386,1387,1408]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17"></emphasis>
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE75FAB8FDDD9FDC" author="Boie" box="[386,539,1386,1408]" page="213" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1826">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE75FAB8FE289FDC" author="Boie" box="[386,494,1386,1408]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boie, H. (1826) Merkmale einiger japanischer Lurche. Isis von Oken, 19, 203 - 216." type="journal article" year="1826">Boie 1826</bibRefCitation>
:213
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60FA5BFC249FE2" blockId="16.[151,1437,1233,2022]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB576030FFADFFF9FF60FA5BFC249FE2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60FA5BFE909FC3" box="[151,342,1417,1439]" class="Reptilia" family="Pythonidae" genus="Python" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boaeformis">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60FA5BFE909FC3" box="[151,342,1417,1439]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Python boaeformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE87FA58FDDB9FC3" author="Merrem" box="[368,541,1418,1439]" page="89" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1820">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE87FA58FE399FC3" author="Merrem" box="[368,511,1418,1439]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Merrem, B. (1820) Versuch eines Systematic der Amphibien. Johann Christian Krieger, Marburg, 191 pp." type="book" year="1820">Merrem 1820</bibRefCitation>
:89
</treatmentCitation>
. The specimen had 144+5 ventrals and 50 subcaudals. Merrem placed Schneiders
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FA95FA5BFEFF9FE2" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Elaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boaeformis">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FA95FA5BFEFF9FE2" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Elaps boaeformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and Daudins
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FE3BFA7BFD619FE2" box="[460,679,1448,1470]" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Hurria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneideriana">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FE3BFA7BFD619FE2" box="[460,679,1448,1470]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hurria schneideriana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the synonymy of this name.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60FA15FC049F80" blockId="16.[151,1437,1233,2022]" box="[151,962,1478,1501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60FA15FE169F80" authority="Russelii Cuvier 1828" authorityName="Russelii Cuvier" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,464,1478,1501]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60FA15FE8D9F81" box="[151,331,1479,1501]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerberus Russelii</emphasis>
Cuvier 1828
</taxonomicName>
[fide
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FDFBFA14FC8B9F80" author="Dumeril" box="[524,845,1478,1500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Dumeril, A. M. C., Bibron, G. &amp; Dumeril, A. (1854) Erpetologie generale ou historie naturelle complete des reptiles. Vo l u m e 7 Part 2. Roret, Paris, pp. 782 - 1536." type="journal article" year="1854">Duméril, Bibron, Duméril 1854</bibRefCitation>
7(ii): 979].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60FA37FCDA9C64" blockId="16.[151,1437,1233,2022]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB576030FFADFFF9FF60FA37FCDA9C64" infered="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60FA37FD919FA7" authority="Schlegel, 1837:341" authorityName="Schlegel" authorityPageNumber="341" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,599,1509,1531]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60FA37FE4E9FA7" box="[151,392,1509,1531]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Homalopsis schneiderii</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE67FA37FD919FA7" author="Schlegel" box="[400,599,1509,1531]" page="341" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1837">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE67FA37FDEA9FA7" author="Schlegel" box="[400,556,1509,1531]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Schlegel, H. (1837) Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. II. Partie descriptive. J. Kips, J. Hz, &amp; W. P. Van Stockum, The Hague, 606 pp." type="book" year="1837">Schlegel, 1837</bibRefCitation>
:341
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FD94FA34FD0A9FA7" box="[611,716,1510,1531]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
: RMNH 1173. The
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FC6EFA37FC309FA7" box="[921,1014,1509,1531]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation is made here on the basis of the similarity of the scale patterns on the top of the head to the specimen illustrated in Schlegels Plate 13,
<figureCitation id="137C5B9BFFADFFF9FB08F9D6FA989C46" box="[1279,1374,1540,1562]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1679,1702]" captionTargetBox="[151,1398,190,1678]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,149,1682]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lake Buhi Bockadam, Cerberus microlepis. USNM 197854. JCM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282383/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figures 6</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="137C5B9BFFADFFF9FA78F9D7FA5A9C46" box="[1423,1436,1541,1562]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,2004,2027]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,193,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[172,1416,193,1982]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. The Karoo Bockadam, Cerberus rynchops. Photos by Aaron Lobo." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282384/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">7</figureCitation>
(our
<figureCitation id="137C5B9BFFADFFF9FF00F9F0FE899C65" box="[247,335,1570,1593]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[205,1373,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[205,1373,193,1935]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. The lectotype of Cerberus schneiderii (RMNH 1173) with the locality data Timor. A and B compares the head scales of the lectotype to those in Schlegels drawing. The arrangement of the fragments of the frontal plate made it possible to identify this snake. C. Shows the lectotype in profile." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282386/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figure 9</figureCitation>
).
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FE96F9F6FE559C65" box="[353,403,1572,1593]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
Locality: Timor. Collector: Reinhardt.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60F993FDF89C0B" blockId="16.[151,1437,1233,2022]" box="[151,574,1601,1623]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60F993FEBD9C0B" box="[151,379,1601,1623]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhinchops">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60F993FEBD9C0B" box="[151,379,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Homalopsis rhinchops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE62F990FDFC9C0B" author="Cantor" box="[405,570,1602,1623]" page="91" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1847">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE62F990FDDB9C0B" author="Cantor" box="[405,541,1602,1623]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Cantor, T. (1847) Catalogue of reptiles inhabiting the Malayan Peninsula and islands, collected or observed. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 16, 1 - 157." type="journal article" year="1847">Cantor, 1847</bibRefCitation>
:91
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF9FF60F9B2FCD09CC8" blockId="16.[151,1437,1233,2022]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB576030FFADFFF9FF60F9B2FCD09CC8" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60F9B2FE249C2A" authority="Gray, 1849:65" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="65" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,482,1632,1654]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutus">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60F9B2FE879C2A" box="[151,321,1632,1654]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerberus acutus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FEBCF9B2FE249C2A" author="Gray" box="[331,482,1632,1654]" page="65" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1849">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FEBCF9B2FE059C2A" author="Gray" box="[331,451,1632,1654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Gray, J. (1849) Catalogue of the Specimens of Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 125 pp." type="book" year="1849">Gray, 1849</bibRefCitation>
:65
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FE18F9B3FDE79C2A" box="[495,545,1633,1654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
Locality: Borneo.
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FD1BF9B2FC889C2A" box="[748,846,1632,1654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: BMNH 1946.1.2.34.
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FBCEF9B2FA5E9C2A" authority="Gray, 1849:65" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="65" authorityYear="1849" box="[1081,1432,1632,1654]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FBCEF9B2FB319C2A" box="[1081,1271,1632,1654]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerberus unicolor</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FAF6F9B2FA5E9C2A" author="Gray" box="[1281,1432,1632,1654]" page="65" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1849">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FAF6F9B2FABC9C2A" author="Gray" box="[1281,1402,1632,1654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Gray, J. (1849) Catalogue of the Specimens of Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 125 pp." type="book" year="1849">Gray, 1849</bibRefCitation>
:65
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FF30F9ACFEE39CC8" box="[199,293,1662,1684]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
BMNH 1946.1.2.45.
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFADFFF9FDF4F9ADFDF39CC8" box="[515,565,1663,1684]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
Locality:
<collectingCountry id="F350078EFFADFFF9FD6AF9ACFCD49CC8" box="[669,786,1662,1684]" name="Philippines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFADFFF8FF60F94FFBA7996D" blockId="16.[151,1437,1233,2022]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,152,940]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB576030FFADFFF8FF60F94FFBA7996D" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFADFFF9FF60F94FFE9E9CEF" box="[151,344,1693,1715]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rynchops">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFADFFF9FF60F94FFE9E9CEF" box="[151,344,1693,1715]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerberus rynchops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE9CF94FFDE89CEF" author="Bleeker" box="[363,558,1693,1715]" page="233" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1857">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE9CF94FFDC79CEF" author="Bleeker" box="[363,513,1693,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bleeker, P. (1857 a) Over eenig reptilien van Celebes, door. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie, 14, 231 - 233." type="journal article" year="1857" yearSuffix="a">Bleeker 1857a</bibRefCitation>
:233
</treatmentCitation>
; 1857c:242;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FD47F94CFCE79CEF" author="Jan" box="[688,801,1693,1715]" page="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1857">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FD47F94CFCD69CEF" author="Jan" box="[688,784,1693,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Jan, G. (1857) Cenni sul Museo Civico di Milano ed indice sistematico dei rettili ed anfibi. Luigi di Giacomo Pirola, Milano, 64 pp." type="book" year="1857">
<date id="FFF961DEFFADFFF9FD47F94CFCD69CEF" box="[688,784,1693,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1857-01">Jan 1857</date>
</bibRefCitation>
:4
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FCDCF94CFC009CEF" author="Gray" box="[811,966,1693,1715]" page="273" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1858">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FCDCF94CFC5C9CEF" author="Gray" box="[811,922,1693,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Gray, J. (1858) Appendix (2.) to the Catalogue of the specimens of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. First part (Crotalidae, Viperidae, Hydridae and Boidae. In: Gunther, A. Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum, London, pp. 265 - 281." type="book chapter" year="1858">Gray 1858</bibRefCitation>
:273
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FC26F94FFB4E9CEF" author="Bleeker" box="[977,1160,1693,1715]" page="287" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1860">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FC26F94FFB9A9CEF" author="Bleeker" box="[977,1116,1693,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bleeker, P. (1860) Over de Reptilien-Fauna van Sumatra door. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie, 21, 284 - 298." type="journal article" year="1860">Bleeker 1860</bibRefCitation>
:287
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FB64F94FFAF99CEF" author="Giebel" box="[1171,1343,1693,1715]" page="109" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1861">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FB64F94FFAD49CEF" author="Giebel" box="[1171,1298,1693,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Giebel, C. G. (1861) Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs. Dritter Band. Amphibien und Fische. Verlag von Otto Wigand, Leipzig, 408 pp." type="book" year="1861">Giebel 1861</bibRefCitation>
:109
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FABEF94FFEDB9C8E" author="Gunther" page="58" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1863">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FABEF94FFF389C8E" author="Gunther" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Gunther, A. C. L. G. (1863) Contribution to the herpetology of Ceram. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1863, 58 - 60." type="proceedings paper" year="1863">Günther 1863</bibRefCitation>
:58
</treatmentCitation>
; 1864:279;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE51F96FFD969C8E" author="Bocourt" box="[422,592,1724,1746]" page="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1866">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE51F96FFDF99C8E" author="Bocourt" box="[422,575,1724,1746]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bocourt, F. (1866) Notes sur les reptiles, les batraciens et les poissons, recueillis pendant un voyage dans le Royaume de Siam par M. Bocourt. Nouvelles Archives du Museum National d'Historie Naturelle, 2, 4 - 9." type="journal article" year="1866">Bocourt 1866</bibRefCitation>
:5
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FD94F96EFC8D9C8E" author="Steindachner" box="[611,843,1724,1746]" page="67" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1867">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FD94F96EFCEB9C8E" author="Steindachner" box="[611,813,1724,1746]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Steindachner, F. (1867) Reptilien. In: Reise der Osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wullerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Erster Band (Wirbelthiere.) K. - K. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien, pp. 1 - 98, 3 plates." type="book chapter" year="1867">Steindachner 1867</bibRefCitation>
:67
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FCA8F96EFBE29C8E" author="Theobald" box="[863,1060,1724,1746]" page="57" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FCA8F96EFBC29C8E" author="Theobald" box="[863,1028,1724,1746]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Theobald, W. (1868) Catalogue of the reptiles of British Birma embracing the Provinces of Pegu, Martaban, and Tenasserim; with descriptions of new or little-known species. Journal of the Linnean Society, 10, 4 - 67." type="journal article" year="1868">Theobald 1868</bibRefCitation>
:57
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FBC0F96EFB2C9C8E" author="Gervais" box="[1079,1258,1724,1746]" page="79" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1869">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FBC0F96EFB0D9C8E" author="Gervais" box="[1079,1227,1724,1746]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Gervais, P. (1869) Bibliotheque de Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie. Reptiles Vivants et Fossiles. German Bailliere, Paris, XIX plates, 80 pp." type="book" year="1869">Gervais 1869</bibRefCitation>
:79
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FB09F96EFEDA9CAC" author="West-Castelnau" page="41" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FB09F96EFF399CAC" author="West-Castelnau" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="West-Castelnau, M. A. (1870) Catalogue de la Collection de reptiles. 1869. J. Martel Aine, Montpellier, 58 pp." type="book" year="1870">West-Castelnau 1870</bibRefCitation>
:41
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FEDCF908FE2D9CAC" author="Gunther" box="[299,491,1754,1776]" page="590" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1872">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FEDCF908FE789CAC" author="Gunther" box="[299,446,1754,1776]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Gunther, A. C. L. G. (1872) On the reptiles and amphibians of Borneo. Proceedings of the Zoolgical Society of London 1872, 586 - 600." type="proceedings paper" year="1872">Günther 1872</bibRefCitation>
:590
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE0FF908FD6E9CAC" author="Higgins" box="[504,680,1754,1776]" page="34" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1873">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE0FF908FD4F9CAC" author="Higgins" box="[504,649,1754,1776]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Higgins, S. B. (1873) Ophidians, Zoological Arrangements of the Different Genera, Including Varieties Known in North and South America, the East Indies, South Africa, and Australia … Boericke and Tafel, New York, 239 pp." type="book" year="1873">Higgins 1873</bibRefCitation>
:34
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FD41F908FC9E9CAC" author="Morice" box="[694,856,1754,1776]" page="58" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1875">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FD41F908FCFA9CAC" author="Morice" box="[694,828,1754,1776]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Morice, A. (1875) Coup d'Oeil sur la Fauna de la Cochinchine Francaise. H. Georg, Lyon, 64 pp." type="book" year="1875">Morice 1875</bibRefCitation>
:58
</treatmentCitation>
;Theabold 1876:185;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FBCAF908FB299CAC" author="Muller" box="[1085,1263,1754,1776]" page="605" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FBCAF908FB049CAC" author="Muller" box="[1085,1218,1754,1776]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Muller, F. (1878) Katalog der im Museum und Universitatskabinet zu Basel aufgestellten Amphibien und Reptilien nebst Anmerkungen. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 6, 561 - 709." type="journal article" year="1878">Müller 1878</bibRefCitation>
:605
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FB0AF90EFEEC9D53" author="Peters" page="389" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1878">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FB0AF90EFF3B9D53" author="Peters" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Peters, W. K. H. &amp; Doria, G. (1878) Catalogo dei rettili e dei batraci raccolti da O. Beccari, L. M. D'Albertis e A. A. Bruijn. Nella sotto-regione Austro-Malese. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Series 1, 13, 323 - 450." type="journal article" year="1878">Peters &amp; Doria 1878</bibRefCitation>
:389
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FEC4F92BFE279D53" author="Muller" box="[307,481,1785,1807]" page="149" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1880">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FEC4F92BFE739D53" author="Muller" box="[307,437,1785,1807]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Muller, F. (1880) Erster Nachtrag zum Katalog der herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums. Systematische uebersicht. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 7, 120 - 165." type="journal article" year="1880">Müller 1880</bibRefCitation>
:149
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE1DF92BFD6B9D53" author="Blanford" box="[490,685,1785,1807]" page="215" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1881">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE1DF92BFDB99D53" author="Blanford" box="[490,639,1785,1807]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Blanford, W. T. (1881) On a collection of reptiles and frogs, chiefly from Singapore. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1881, 215 - 227." type="proceedings paper" year="1881">Blanford 1881</bibRefCitation>
:215
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FD40F92BFC8E9D53" author="Sales" box="[695,840,1785,1807]" page="33" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1884">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FD40F92BFCEC9D53" author="Sales" box="[695,810,1785,1807]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Sales, A. R. Y. (1884) Ofidios venenoso de Filipinas. Cronica Cientifica, 7, 33 - 35, 52 - 54, 85 - 88, 113 - 117." type="journal article" year="1884">Sales 1884</bibRefCitation>
:33
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FCA5F92BFC2D9D53" author="Tirant" box="[850,1003,1785,1807]" page="40" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FCA5F92BFC0D9D53" author="Tirant" box="[850,971,1785,1807]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Tirant, G. (1885) Notes sur les reptiles et les batraciens de la Cochinchine et du Cambodge. Gouvornement Press, Saigon, 104 pp." type="book" year="1885">Tirant 1885</bibRefCitation>
:40
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FC02F928FB759D53" author="Boettger" box="[1013,1203,1785,1807]" page="110" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1886">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FC02F928FB4E9D53" author="Boettger" box="[1013,1160,1785,1807]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boettger, O. (1886) Aufzahlung der von den Philippine bekannten Reptilien und Batrachier. Berichte der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 1886, 91 - 134." type="journal article" year="1886">Boettger 1886</bibRefCitation>
:110
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FB4AF928FA9D9D53" author="Cope" box="[1213,1371,1785,1807]" page="494" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1886">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FB4AF928FAE89D53" author="Cope" box="[1213,1326,1785,1807]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Cope, E. D. (1886) An analytical table of the genera of snakes. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 23, 479 - 499." type="journal article" year="1886">Cope 1886</bibRefCitation>
:494
</treatmentCitation>
; Lidth de
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FF1FF8CAFE449D71" author="Jeude" box="[232,386,1816,1838]" page="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1890">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FF1FF8CAFEA59D71" author="Jeude" box="[232,355,1816,1838]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Lidth de Jeude, T. W. van (1890) Note VIII. On a collection of snakes from Dehli. Notes from the Leyden Museum, 12, 17 - 22." type="journal article" year="1890">Jeude 1890</bibRefCitation>
:20
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE78F8CAFDF09D72" author="Sclater" box="[399,566,1816,1838]" page="54" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1891">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE78F8CAFDD39D72" author="Sclater" box="[399,533,1816,1838]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Sclater, W. L. (1891) List of Snakes in the Indian Museum. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 79 pp." type="book" year="1891">Sclater 1891</bibRefCitation>
:54
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FDB4F8CBFCCA9D72" author="Boettger" box="[579,780,1816,1838]" page="86" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1892">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FDB4F8CBFD289D72" author="Boettger" box="[579,750,1816,1838]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boettger, O. (1892 a) Herpetologische Mitteilungen. Listen von Kriechtieren und Lurchen aus dem tropischen Asien u. aus Papuasien. I. Britisch-Indien und Ceylon. Bericht des Offenbacher Vereins fur Naturkunde, 1892, 61 - 164." type="journal article" year="1892" yearSuffix="a">Boettger; 1892a</bibRefCitation>
:86
</treatmentCitation>
; 1892b:124; 1893:3;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FC2BF8CAFB049D72" author="Boulenger" box="[988,1218,1816,1838]" page="85" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1894">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FC2BF8CAFB5C9D71" author="Boulenger" box="[988,1178,1816,1838]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1894 a) On the herpetological fauna of Palawan and Balbec. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, (Series 2), 14, 81 - 90." type="journal article" year="1894" yearSuffix="a">Boulenger 1894a</bibRefCitation>
: 85
</treatmentCitation>
; 1894b: 616;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FAA0F8CAFEF79D10" author="Muller" page="825" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1894">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FAA0F8CAFF3B9D10" author="Muller" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Muller, F. (1894) Reptilien und Amphibien aus Celebes. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 10, 825 - 843." type="journal article" year="1894">Müller 1894</bibRefCitation>
: 825
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FECAF8E5FDC19D10" author="Boettger" box="[317,519,1846,1868]" page="132" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1895">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FECAF8E5FE159D10" author="Boettger" box="[317,467,1846,1868]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boettger, O. (1895) Liste der Reptilien und Batrachier der Insel Halmheira nach den Sammlungen Prof. Dr. W. Kukenthals. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 18, 129 - 138." type="journal article" year="1895">Boettger 1895</bibRefCitation>
: 132
</treatmentCitation>
; 1898:88; Casto de
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FD20F8E4FCB19D10" author="Elera" box="[727,887,1846,1868]" page="431" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1895">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FD20F8E4FC8C9D10" author="Elera" box="[727,842,1846,1868]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Casto de Elera, F. (1895) Catalogo sistematico de toda la fauna de Filipinas conocida hasta el presente, y a la ves el de la colleccion zoological del Musei de PP. Vol. 1, Vertebrados. Dominicos del colegio-universidad de Santo Tomas de Manila, Manila, Philippines, 701 pp." type="book" year="1895">Elera 1895</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FC74F8E4FBFF9D10" author="Bartlett" box="[899,1081,1846,1868]" page="101" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1896">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FC74F8E4FBC99D10" author="Bartlett" box="[899,1039,1846,1868]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bartlett, E. (1896) Notes on the snakes of Borneo and the adjacent islands. Part 3. Sarawak Note Book, 2, 100 - 116." type="journal article" year="1896">Bartlett 1896</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FBB2F8E5FB209D10" author="Cope" box="[1093,1254,1846,1868]" page="209" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1895">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FBB2F8E5FB7F9D10" author="Cope" box="[1093,1209,1846,1868]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Cope, E. D. (1895) The classification of the Ophidia. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 18, 186 - 219." type="journal article" year="1895">Cope 1895</bibRefCitation>
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FB05F8E4FA5E9D10" author="Boulenger" box="[1266,1432,1846,1868]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum. Volume 3. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 727 pp." type="book" year="1896">Boulenger 1896</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FEF1F887FE7A9D37" author="Flower" box="[262,444,1877,1899]" page="888" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1896">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FEF1F887FE569D37" author="Flower" box="[262,400,1877,1899]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Flower, S. S. (1896) Notes on a collection of reptiles and batrachians made in the Malay Peninsula in 1895 - 96; with a list of the species recorded from that region. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896, 856 - 914." type="proceedings paper" year="1896">Flower 1896</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE3CF887FD6B9D37" author="Boulenger" box="[459,685,1877,1899]" page="201" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1897">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE3CF887FD449D37" author="Boulenger" box="[459,642,1877,1899]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1897 a). A catalogue of the reptiles and batrachians of Celebes with special reference to the collections made by Drs. P. &amp; F. Sarasin in 1893 - 1896. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 13, 193 - 237." type="journal article" year="1897" yearSuffix="a">Boulenger 1897a</bibRefCitation>
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; 1897b:507;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FCCCF887FB979D37" author="Bethencourt-Ferreira" box="[827,1105,1877,1899]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bethencourt-Ferreira, J. (1897) Reptis da India no Museu de Lisboa. Journal de Sciencias, Mathematicas, Physicas e Naturaes, (Series 2) 4, 212 - 234." type="journal article" year="1897">Bethencourt-Ferreira 1897</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FB7BF884FA839D37" author="Boettger" box="[1164,1349,1878,1899]" page="88" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1898">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FB7BF884FAE09D37" author="Boettger" box="[1164,1318,1878,1899]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boettger, O. (1898) Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. II. Teil. Schlangen. Museum Senckenbergianum, 2, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1898">Boettger 1898</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FAA3F887FEEC9DD6" author="Flower" page="679" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1899">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FAA3F887FF3B9DD6" author="Flower" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Flower, S. S. (1899) Notes on a second collection of reptiles made in the Malay Peninsula and Siam, from November 1896 to September 1898, with a list of the species recorded from those countries. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899, 600 - 697." type="proceedings paper" year="1899">Flower 1899</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FEC1F8A7FE379DD5" author="Peracca" box="[310,497,1908,1930]" page="327" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1899">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FEC1F8A7FE039DD5" author="Peracca" box="[310,453,1908,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Peracca, M. - G. (1899) Reptiles et batraciens de l'Archipel Malais. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 7, 321 - 330." type="journal article" year="1899">Peracca 1899</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE09F8A6FD6B9DD5" author="Ridley" box="[510,685,1908,1930]" page="208" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1899">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE09F8A6FD479DD5" author="Ridley" box="[510,641,1908,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Ridley, H. N. (1899) The habits of Malay reptiles. Journal of the Straits Branch Royal Asiatic Society, 32, 85 - 210." type="journal article" year="1899">Ridley 1899</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FD4CF8A6FCA09DD6" author="Cope" box="[699,870,1908,1930]" page="1115" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1900">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FD4CF8A6FCE99DD6" author="Cope" box="[699,815,1908,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Cope, E. D. (1900) The crocodilians, lizards, and snakes or North America. Report of the U. S. National Museum for the Year Ending June 30, 1898. Pages 153 - 1294." type="journal article" year="1900">Cope 1900</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FC83F8A7FBEF9DD6" author="Werner" box="[884,1065,1908,1930]" page="501" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1900">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FC83F8A7FC389DD6" author="Werner" box="[884,1022,1908,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Werner, F. (1900) Reptilien und Batrachier aus Sumatra, gesammelt von Herrn Gustav Schneider jr. im Jahre 1897 - 98. Zoologischer Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 12, 461 - 508." type="journal article" year="1900">Werner 1900</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FBC1F8A7FB3F9DD6" author="Boettger" box="[1078,1273,1908,1930]" page="326" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FBC1F8A7FB0D9DD6" author="Boettger" box="[1078,1227,1908,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boettger, O. (1901) Die Reptilien und Batrachier. Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise in der Molukken und Borneo. In: Kukenthal, W. (ed.) Zweiter Teil. Wissenschaftiche Reiseergebnisse. Band III. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 321 - 402." type="journal article" year="1901">Boettger 1901</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FAF1F8A6FA519DD5" author="Grijs" box="[1286,1431,1908,1930]" page="33" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FAF1F8A6FABF9DD5" author="Grijs" box="[1286,1401,1908,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Grijs, P. de. (1901) Beobachtungen an Reptilien in der Gefangenschaft. Der Zoologische Garten, 37, 33 - 46, 65 - 76, 97 - 109." type="journal article" year="1901">Grijs 1901</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FF30F840FE419DF4" author="Laidlaw" box="[199,391,1938,1960]" page="578" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FF30F840FE9C9DF4" author="Laidlaw" box="[199,346,1938,1960]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Laidlaw, F. F. (1901) List of a collection of snakes, crocodiles, and chelonians from the Malay Peninsula, made by members of the &quot; Skeat Expedition, &quot; 1899 - 1900. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 2, 575 - 583." type="journal article" year="1901">Laidlaw 1901</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FE61F840FD9F9DF4" author="Schenkel" box="[406,601,1938,1960]" page="166" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE61F840FDF69DF4" author="Schenkel" box="[406,560,1938,1960]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Schenkel, E. (1901) Achter nachtrag zum katalog der herpetologischen sammlung des Basler Museums. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel, 13, 142 - 199." type="journal article" year="1901">Schenkel 1901</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FDAAF840FCDA9DF4" author="Shelford" box="[605,796,1938,1960]" page="64" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1901">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FDAAF840FD3B9DF4" author="Shelford" box="[605,765,1938,1960]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Shelford, R. (1901) A list of the reptiles of Borneo. Notes of the Sarawak Museum, 1901, 43 - 68." type="journal article" year="1901">Shelford 1901</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FCDBF840FB929DF4" author="Alcock" box="[812,1108,1938,1961]" page="449" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FCDBF840FBE19DF4" author="Alcock" box="[812,1063,1938,1961]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Alcock, A. &amp; Rogers, L. (1902) On the toxic properties of the saliva of certain ' non-poisonous' Colubrines. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 70, 446 - 454." type="journal article" year="1902">Alcock &amp; Rogers 1902</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FB94F846FA5E9DF4" author="Lampe" box="[1123,1432,1938,1961]" page="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FB94F846FABD9DF4" author="Lampe" box="[1123,1403,1938,1961]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Lampe, E. &amp; Lindholm, W. A. (1902) Catalog der Reptilien und Amphibien - Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums zu Wiesbaden. Jahrbuch des Nassauischen Vereins fur Naturkunde, 55, 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1902">Lampe &amp; Lindholm 1902</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FF30F863FE5A9D9B" author="Boulenger" box="[199,412,1969,1991]" page="175" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1903">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FF30F863FEB69D9B" author="Boulenger" box="[199,368,1969,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1903) Report on the batrachians and reptiles. Fasciculi Malayensis Zoology, 1, 164." type="journal article" year="1903">Boulenger 1903</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FE5EF863FD899D9B" author="Mocquard" box="[425,591,1969,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Mocquard, F. (1904) Reserches sur l'Historie naturelle de l'Indochine Orientale. Serpentes recueillis par M. A. Pavie en Indochine. Mission Pavie Indochine, 3, 481 - 484." type="journal article" year="1904">Mocquard 1904</bibRefCitation>
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;
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFADFFF9FC86F863FBDD9D9B" author="Rosen" box="[881,1051,1969,1991]" page="175" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1905">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FBDEF863FB519D9B" author="Wall" box="[1065,1175,1969,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Wall, F. (1905) Notes on snakes collected in Cannanore from 5 th November to 5 th August 1904. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 16, 292 - 317." type="journal article" year="1905">Wall 1905</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFADFFF9FB26F863FABC9D9B" author="Mocquard" box="[1233,1402,1969,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Mocquard, F. (1907) Les reptiles de l'Indo-Chine. Revue Coloniale, 1906, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1907">Mocquard 1907</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FB3EFF64FA519A90" author="Fejervary" box="[1225,1431,182,204]" page="167" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FB3EFF64FAAA9A90" author="Fejervary" box="[1225,1388,182,204]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Fejervary, G. J. (1923) Nomenklatoriche revision einiger Schlangengattungsnamen. Zoologisher Anzeiger, 56, 166 - 173." type="journal article" year="1923">Fejérváry 1923</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FF30FF07FEB59AB6" author="Sarkar" box="[199,371,213,235]" page="302" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1923">
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FE88FF07FDF59AB7" author="Sworder" box="[383,563,213,235]" page="66" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FE88FF07FDD29AB7" author="Sworder" box="[383,532,213,235]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Sworder, G. H. (1923) A list of the snakes of Singapore Island. The Singapore Naturalist, 1923, 55 - 73." type="journal article" year="1923">Sworder 1923</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FDC8FF04FD359AB7" author="Werner" box="[575,755,213,235]" page="162" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FDC8FF04FD019AB7" author="Werner" box="[575,711,213,235]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Werner, F. (1923) Uber der Gattungen und Arten der Schlangen der Familie Colubridae. I. Teil mit einem Nachtrang zu den ubrigen Faamilien. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 89 A, 138 - 199." type="journal article" year="1923">Werner 1923</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FD08FF04FC679AB7" author="Roux" box="[767,929,213,235]" page="319" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1925">
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FC5BFF04FB5D9AB7" author="Dammerman" box="[940,1179,213,235]" page="323" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1926">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FC5BFF04FBA99AB7" author="Dammerman" box="[940,1135,213,235]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Dammerman, K. W. (1926) The fauna of Durian and the Rhio-Lingga Archipelago. Treubia, 8, 281 - 326." type="journal article" year="1926">Dammerman 1926</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FB50FF04FAF39AB7" author="Jong" box="[1191,1333,213,235]" page="87" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1926">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FB50FF04FAD19AB7" author="Jong" box="[1191,1303,213,235]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Jong, J. K. de (1926) Reptiles. Fauna Buruana. Treubia, 7, 85 - 96." type="journal article" year="1926">Jong 1926</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FAB6FF07FEEF9B55" author="Kopstein" page="109" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1926">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FAB6FF07FF389B55" author="Kopstein" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Kopstein, F. (1926) V. Reptilien von der Molukken und den benach-barten Inseln. Zoologische Mededelingen, 9, 71 - 122." type="journal article" year="1926">Kopstein 1926</bibRefCitation>
:109
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FEC3FF27FE2A9B55" author="Bourret" box="[308,492,244,266]" page="241" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FEC3FF27FE069B55" author="Bourret" box="[308,448,244,266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Bourret, R. (1927) La Faune de l'Indochine. Les Vertebrates. Inventaire General de l'Indochine, 3, 1 - 265." type="journal article" year="1927">Bourret 1927</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FE01FF27FD569B55" author="Jong" box="[502,656,244,266]" page="302" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FE01FF27FDA59B55" author="Jong" box="[502,611,244,266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Jong, J. K. de (1927) Reptiles from Dutch New Guinea, In: Results de l'Expedition Scientifique Neerlandaise la Nouvelle- Guinea. Nova-Guinea Vol. 15. E. J. Brill, Leiden. Pp. 296 - 318." type="book chapter" year="1927">Jong 1927</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FD6CFF21FC999B55" author="Kopstein" box="[667,863,243,265]" page="443" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FD6CFF21FCF59B55" author="Kopstein" box="[667,819,243,265]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Kopstein, F. (1927) Die reptilienfauna der Sula-Inseln. Treubia, 9, 437 - 446." type="journal article" year="1927">Kopstein 1927</bibRefCitation>
:443
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FC9CFF27FBC39B55" author="Werner" box="[875,1029,244,266]" page="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FC9CFF27FC329B55" author="Werner" box="[875,1012,244,266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Werner, F. (1927) Uber Schlangen von Medan, Sumatra's Ostkuste. Miscellanea Zoologica Sumatrana, 19, 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1927">Werner 1927</bibRefCitation>
:2
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FBE7FF27FB6F9B55" author="Jong" box="[1040,1193,243,266]" page="151" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1928">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FBE7FF27FBB99B55" author="Jong" box="[1040,1151,243,266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Jong, J. K. de (1928) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Reptilien-Fauna von Niederlandisch Ost-Indien. Treubia, 10, 151." type="journal article" year="1928">Jong 1928</bibRefCitation>
:151
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FB43FF27FAAE9B55" author="Werner" box="[1204,1384,243,266]" page="185" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1928">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FB43FF27FAFA9B55" author="Werner" box="[1204,1340,243,266]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Werner, F. (1928) Ubersicht der Gattungen und Arten der Schlangen aus der Familie Colubridae. III Teil (colubridae) mit einem Nachtrag zu den ubrigen Familien. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilungen fur Systematik, Okologie und Georaphie der Tiere, 57, 1 - 196." type="journal article" year="1928">Werner 1928</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FA84FF26FEDA9B74" author="Gee" page="73" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FA84FF26FF389B74" author="Gee" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Gee, N. G. (1929) A contribution toward a preliminary list of reptiles recorded from China. Peking Society Natural History Bulletin, 4, 53 - 84." type="journal article" year="1929">Gee 1929</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FEDCFEC0FE2F9B74" author="Scortecci" box="[299,489,274,296]" page="74" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FEDCFEC0FE0D9B74" author="Scortecci" box="[299,459,274,296]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Scortecci, G. (1929) Rettili ed anfibi raccolti dal Cav. Stefano Bigatti nella penisola di Malacca. Attivo della Societa Italiana di Scienza Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 68, 72 - 78." type="journal article" year="1929">Scortecci 1929</bibRefCitation>
:74
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FE0FFEC1FD129B74" author="Brongersma" box="[504,724,274,296]" page="67" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FE0FFEC1FD739B74" author="Brongersma" box="[504,693,274,296]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Brongersma, L. D. (1929) Appendix III. A list of the reptiles from Java. Pages 64 - 68 In: Dammerman, K. W. On the zoogeography of Java. Treubia, 11, 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="1929">Brongersma 1929</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FD15FEC0FC6D9B74" author="Kopstein" box="[738,939,274,296]" page="131" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1930">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FD15FEC0FC469B74" author="Kopstein" box="[738,896,274,296]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Kopstein, F. (1930) De Javaansche Gifslangen en haar Beteekenis voor den Mensch. Visser &amp; Co., Weltevreden, 138 pp." type="book" year="1930">Kopstein 1930</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FC4EFEC1FB429B74" author="Mertens" box="[953,1156,274,296]" page="152" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1930">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FC4EFEC1FB9F9B74" author="Mertens" box="[953,1113,274,296]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Mertens, R. (1930) Die Amphibibien und Reptilien der Inseln Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa und Flores. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 42, 115 - 344." type="journal article" year="1930" yearSuffix="a">Mertens 1930a</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FB64FEC1FAF49B74" author="Haas" box="[1171,1330,275,296]" page="401" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1931">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FB64FEC1FAC39B74" author="Haas" box="[1171,1285,275,296]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Haas, G. (1931) Uber die morphologie der Kiefermuskulatur und die Schadelmechanik einiger Schlangen. Zoologische Jahrbucher Abteilung fur Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere, 54, 333 - 416." type="journal article" year="1931">Haas 1931</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FAB6FEC0FEC99B1B" author="Kopstein" page="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1931">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FAB6FEC0FEC59B1B" author="Kopstein" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Kopstein, F. (1931) IV. Fordonia leucobalia Schegel und Cerberus rhynchops Schneider. Treubia, 13, 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1931">Kopstein 1931</bibRefCitation>
:1
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FEEDFEE3FE6A9B1B" author="Maki" box="[282,428,305,327]" page="68" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1931">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FEEDFEE3FE4B9B1B" author="Maki" box="[282,397,305,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Maki, M. (1931) A Monograph of the Snakes of Japan. Dai-ichi Shobo, Tokyo, 487 pp." type="book" year="1931">Maki 1931</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FE41FEE3FDB19B1B" author="Smedley" box="[438,631,305,327]" page="104" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1931">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FE41FEE3FD8D9B1B" author="Smedley" box="[438,587,305,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Smedley, N. (1931) Amphibians and reptiles from the south Natuna Islands. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum, 5, 102 - 104." type="journal article" year="1931">Smedley 1931</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FD75FEE0FC9C9B1B" author="Brongersma" box="[642,858,305,327]" page="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FD75FEE0FCFB9B1B" author="Brongersma" box="[642,829,305,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Brongersma, L. D. (1933) Herpetological Notes V. The herpetofauna of Pulu Weh. Zoologische Mededelingen, 16, 12 - 17." type="journal article" year="1933">Brongersma 1933</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FC93FEE3FBF29B1B" author="Lloyd" box="[868,1076,305,327]" page="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FC93FEE3FBD19B1B" author="Lloyd" box="[868,1047,305,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Lloyd, D. J., Cotton, A. F. R., Parker, H. W. &amp; Prain, D. (1933) The collection of reptile skins for commercial purposes. Report by the advisory committee on hides and skins. Imperial Institute, London, 31 pp." type="book" year="1933">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FBC8FEE0FB229B1B" author="Prater" box="[1087,1252,306,327]" page="393" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FBC8FEE0FB7E9B1B" author="Prater" box="[1087,1208,306,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Prater, S. H. (1933) &quot; Non-Poisonous Snakes. &quot; Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 36, 391 - 394." type="journal article" year="1933">Prater 1933</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FB19FEE0FA519B1B" author="Bourret" box="[1262,1431,306,327]" page="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1934">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FB19FEE0FABC9B1B" author="Bourret" box="[1262,1402,306,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Bourret, R. (1934) Notes herpetologiques sur l'Indochine francaise. IV. Sur une collection d'Ophidiens de Cochine et du Cambodge. Bulletin Generale de l'Instruction Publique, Hanoi. September (1), 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1934">Bourret 1934</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FF30FE83FE699B39" author="Brongersma" box="[199,431,336,358]" page="200" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1934">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FF30FE83FE449B39" author="Brongersma" box="[199,386,336,358]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Brongersma, L. D. (1934) Contributions to Indo-Australian Herpetology. Zoologische Mededelingen, 17, 161 - 261." type="journal article" year="1934">Brongersma 1934</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FE4BFE83FDB09B3A" author="Bourret" box="[444,630,336,358]" page="295" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1936">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FE4BFE83FD8F9B3A" author="Bourret" box="[444,585,336,358]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Bourret, R. (1936) Les Serpents de L'Indochine. Tome 1. Etudes sur la faune. Henri Basuyau &amp; Co., Toulouse, 505 pp." type="book" year="1936">Bourret 1936</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FD73FE82FCDB9B39" author="Kopstein" box="[644,797,336,358]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Kopstein, F. (1937) Schlangen von Enggano. Treubia, 16, 239 - 244." type="journal article" year="1937">Kopstein 1937</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FB18FE82FAAD9B39" author="Smith" box="[1263,1387,336,358]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Smith, M. A. (1943) The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. 3. Serpentes. Taylor and Francis, London, 583 pp." type="book" year="1943">Smith 1943</bibRefCitation>
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; Smith &amp; Bellairs 1947:pl. 5;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FE07FEBDFDB99BD8" author="Laurent" box="[496,639,367,388]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Laurent, R. (1948) Notes sur quelques reptiles appartenant a la collection du Musee Royal d'Historie Naturelle de Belgique. II. Formes asiatiques et neo-guineenes. Bulletin du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 24, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1948">Laurent 1948</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FD6CFEBDFCF19BD8" author="Haas" box="[667,823,366,388]" page="578" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1950">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FD6CFEBDFCCC9BD8" author="Haas" box="[667,778,366,388]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Haas, C. P. J. de (1950) Checklist of the snakes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago (Reptiles, Ophidia). Treubia, 20, 511 - 625." type="journal article" year="1950">Haas 1950</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FCB5FEBDFC3D9BD8" author="Forcart" box="[834,1019,366,388]" page="361" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1953">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FF30FE5CFEA59BFF" author="Bergman" box="[199,355,397,419]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Bergman, R. A. M. (1955) L'anatomie de Cerberus rhynchops. Archives Neerlandaises de Zoologie, 11, 113 - 126." type="journal article" year="1955">Bergman 1955</bibRefCitation>
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; Lim Boo Liat 1956:142;
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</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FDDDFCAAFD0099D2" author="Wall" box="[554,710,888,910]" page="867" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1924">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FDDDFCAAFD5C99D2" author="Wall" box="[554,666,888,910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Wall, F. (1924) A hand-list of the snakes of the Indian Empire. Part 3. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 29, 864 - 878." type="journal article" year="1924">Wall 1924</bibRefCitation>
:867
</treatmentCitation>
; 1925:817;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FCB1FCAAFC1199D2" author="Smith" box="[838,983,888,910]" page="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FCB1FCAAFC0099D2" author="Smith" box="[838,966,888,910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Smith, M. A. (1925) On a collection of reptiles and amphibians from Mt. Murud. Sarawak Museum Journal, 3, 5 - 14." type="journal article" year="1925">Smith 1925</bibRefCitation>
:5
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FC12FCAAFBB399D1" author="Raj" box="[997,1141,888,910]" page="183" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1927">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FC12FCAAFB8C99D1" author="Raj" box="[997,1098,888,910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Raj, B. S. (1927) The Littoral Fauna of Krusadai Island in the Gulf of Manaar - by Various Authors - New series - Natural History Section - F. H. Gravely Bulletin of the Madras Government Museum, 1, 183." type="journal article" year="1927">Raj 1927</bibRefCitation>
:183
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FB73FCAAFAFD99D1" author="Cochran" box="[1156,1339,888,910]" page="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1930">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FB73FCAAFADD99D1" author="Cochran" box="[1156,1307,888,910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Cochran, D. (1930) The herpetological collections made by Dr. Hugh M. Smith in Siam from 1923 to 1929. Proceeding of the United States National Museum, 77, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1930">Cochran 1930</bibRefCitation>
:30
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FABEFCABFEEC99F0" author="Mertens" page="210" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1930">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FABEFCABFF3B99F0" author="Mertens" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Mertens, R. (1930) Die Amphibibien und Reptilien der Inseln Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa und Flores. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 42, 115 - 344." type="journal article" year="1930">Mertens 1930</bibRefCitation>
:210
</treatmentCitation>
; 1957:30; 1959:9;
<treatmentCitation id="0AE6610FFFACFFF8FE1FFC44FD5499F0" author="Alcala" box="[488,658,918,940]" page="143" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FE1FFC44FDA199F0" author="Alcala" box="[488,615,918,940]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Alcala, A. C. (1986) Guide to Philippine Flora and Fauna. X. Amphibians and Reptiles. Natural Resources Management Center Ministry of Natural Resources and University of the Philippines, Quezon City, 195 pp." type="book" year="1986">Alcala 1986</bibRefCitation>
:143
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D1495FFACFFF8FF60FC0BFDBC9C6E" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFACFFF8FF60FC0BFD999FFD" blockId="17.[151,1436,985,2018]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FF60FC0BFECB99AE" bold="true" box="[151,269,985,1010]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Comment</emphasis>
. There are three names that could possibly become senior synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FBA4FC0BFA8799AD" box="[1107,1345,985,1009]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FBA4FC0BFA8799AD" box="[1107,1345,985,1009]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cerberus schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FAABFC0BFE0B9E49" authority="Schneider 1801" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1801" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Elaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boaeformis">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FAABFC0BFED39E49" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Elaps boaeformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FEEBFC2FFE0B9E49" author="Schneider" box="[284,461,1021,1045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Schneider, J. G. (1801) Historiae amphibiorum naturalis et literariae. Fasciculus secundus, continens Crocodilos, Scincos, Chamaesauras, Boas, Pseudoboas, Elapes, Angues, Amphibaemas et Caecilias. Friederici Frommann, Jenae, 364 pp." type="book" year="1801">Schneider 1801</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FE2FFC2CFCF99E49" authority="Schneider 1801" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1801" box="[472,831,1021,1045]" class="Reptilia" family="Boidae" genus="Boa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moluroides">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FE2FFC2CFD4F9E49" box="[472,649,1021,1045]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Boa moluroides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FD67FC2FFCF99E49" author="Schneider" box="[656,831,1021,1045]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Schneider, J. G. (1801) Historiae amphibiorum naturalis et literariae. Fasciculus secundus, continens Crocodilos, Scincos, Chamaesauras, Boas, Pseudoboas, Elapes, Angues, Amphibaemas et Caecilias. Friederici Frommann, Jenae, 364 pp." type="book" year="1801">Schneider 1801</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FC82FC2FFAC79E49" authority="Reinwardt 1823" authorityName="Reinwardt" authorityYear="1823" box="[885,1281,1021,1045]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obtusatus">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FC82FC2FFB859E49" box="[885,1091,1021,1045]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coluber obtusatus</emphasis>
Reinwardt 1823
</taxonomicName>
. The first two names have published descriptions, with no collector or
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFACFFF8FCE9FBF0FC889E66" box="[798,846,1058,1082]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
locality given, the
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFACFFF8FBD9FBF3FB569E65" box="[1070,1168,1057,1081]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FB4EFBF3FA469E65" box="[1209,1408,1057,1081]" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Elaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boaeformis">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FB4EFBF3FA469E65" box="[1209,1408,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Elaps boaeformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is said to be in the University of Halle Museum (now the Central Magazine Naturwissenschaftlicher collection or CNS). And, the specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FE16FBB8FD559EDD" box="[481,659,1129,1153]" class="Reptilia" family="Boidae" genus="Boa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moluroides">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FE16FBB8FD559EDD" box="[481,659,1129,1153]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Boa moluroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was reportedly in the collection of the University of Jenas museum (now the Phyletic Museum). The original description of this snake suggests it has 25 scale rows at mid-body, increasing the chances that it may in fact be
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FD7DFB60FCD49E95" box="[650,786,1201,1225]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rynchops">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FD7DFB60FCD49E95" box="[650,786,1201,1225]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. rynchops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We have been unable to locate these specimens.
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FAB7FB63FE469EB1" authority="Reinwardt" authorityName="Reinwardt" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obtusatus">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FAB7FB63FEC59EB1" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coluber obtusatus</emphasis>
Reinwardt
</taxonomicName>
has apparently only been listed as a species in checklists, there appears to be no published description currently known and the name first appears in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FCC8FB2BFC329F4D" author="Schlegel" box="[831,1012,1273,1297]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Schlegel, H. (1837) Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. II. Partie descriptive. J. Kips, J. Hz, &amp; W. P. Van Stockum, The Hague, 606 pp." type="book" year="1837">Schlegel (1837)</bibRefCitation>
but he apparently saw or had in his possession drawings made of live specimens by Reinwardt and placed it in the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FAE1FACFFED59F05" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FAE1FACFFED59F05" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Given the lack of artifacts and further knowledge of these three names, Schlegels
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FAE1FA93FED29F21" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FAE1FA93FED29F21" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the oldest available name for the Southeast Asian clade of
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FC10FAB7FB899F21" box="[999,1103,1381,1405]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FC10FAB7FB899F21" box="[999,1103,1381,1405]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cerberus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Schneiders two names and Reinwardts name become
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FE30FA58FD9E9FFD" box="[455,600,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">nomen dubia</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFACFFF8FF30FA7FFDBC9C6E" blockId="17.[151,1436,985,2018]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Schlegel examined specimens from Java eastward and considered
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FC15FA7FFAED9F99" authority="Schneider" authorityName="Schneider" box="[994,1323,1453,1477]" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Elaps" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boaeformis">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FC15FA7FFB6B9F99" box="[994,1197,1453,1477]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Elaps boaeformis</emphasis>
Schneider
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FA98FA7CFE489FB5" authority="Schneider" authorityName="Schneider" class="Reptilia" family="Boidae" genus="Boa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moluroides">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FA98FA7CFED29FB5" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Boa moluroides</emphasis>
Schneider
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FE6DFA00FD2D9FB5" authority="Daudin" authorityName="Daudin" box="[410,747,1489,1513]" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Hurria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneideriana">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FE6DFA00FD489FB5" box="[410,654,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Hurria schneideriana</emphasis>
Daudin
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FD0FFA03FB829FB5" authority="Reinwardt" authorityName="Reinwardt" box="[760,1092,1489,1513]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obtusatus">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FD0FFA03FC019FB5" box="[760,967,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coluber obtusatus</emphasis>
Reinwardt
</taxonomicName>
conspecific. At the same time he considered
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FEB7FA27FD969C51" authority="Cuvier" authorityName="Cuvier" box="[320,592,1525,1549]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="russelii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FEB7FA27FE3F9C51" box="[320,505,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coluber russelii</emphasis>
Cuvier
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FD89FA27FC799C51" authority="Schneider" authorityName="Schneider" box="[638,959,1525,1549]" class="Squamata" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Hydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rynchops">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FD89FA27FC879C51" box="[638,833,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Hydrus rynchops</emphasis>
Schneider
</taxonomicName>
) a valid species. Thus, we are following Schlegel, pending evidence to the contrary.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35D1495FFACFFFBFF30F9EFFEF89AA6" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFACFFF8FF30F9EFFE569D0D" blockId="17.[151,1436,985,2018]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FF30F9EFFE879C0A" bold="true" box="[199,321,1597,1622]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FEA4F9EFFD869C09" box="[339,576,1597,1621]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FEA4F9EFFD869C09" box="[339,576,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cerberus schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other members of the genus by its 23 (rarely 25) scale rows at midbody; the imbricate plate-like scales on the crown have a flat, thin appearance and lack keels anterior to angle of jaw; the last upper labial is horizontally divided; the venter is mottled.
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FB6BF957FAA99CC1" box="[1180,1391,1669,1693]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FB6BF957FAA99CC1" box="[1180,1391,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cerberus australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 23 scale rows at mid-body but the first upper labial does not contact the loreal (it usually does so in all other
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FF60F91FFEC69CB9" box="[151,256,1741,1765]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FF60F91FFEC69CB9" box="[151,256,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cerberus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species).
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FE85F91FFDFA9CB9" box="[370,572,1741,1765]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dunsoni">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FE85F91FFDFA9CB9" box="[370,572,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cerberus dunsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 23 scale rows at mid-body, but it has rounded juxtaposed scales on the crown, and a uniform black venter.
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FDC1F923FCD89D55" box="[566,798,1777,1801]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microlepis">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FDC1F923FCD89D55" box="[566,798,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cerberus microlepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 2731 scale rows at mid-body.
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FB34F923FA5A9D55" box="[1219,1436,1777,1801]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rynchops">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FB34F923FA5A9D55" box="[1219,1436,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cerberus rynchops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
usually has 25 scale rows at mid-body (rarely 23); the last two upper labials are horizontally divided (as opposed to one in
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FF14F8E8FE469D0D" box="[227,384,1849,1873]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FF14F8E8FE469D0D" box="[227,384,1849,1873]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFACFFFBFF30F88FFEF89AA6" blockId="17.[151,1436,985,2018]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,151,250]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FF30F88FFC859D2A" bold="true" box="[199,835,1885,1910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
A
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFACFFF8FF13F88FFE899D29" box="[228,335,1885,1909]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FE73F88FFCF89D2A" authority="Schlegel, 1837" authorityName="Schlegel" authorityYear="1837" box="[388,830,1885,1910]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FE73F88FFDB09D2A" bold="true" box="[388,630,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cerberus schneiderii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFACFFF8FD70F88FFCF09D2A" author="Schlegel" box="[647,822,1885,1910]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Schlegel, H. (1837) Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. II. Partie descriptive. J. Kips, J. Hz, &amp; W. P. Van Stockum, The Hague, 606 pp." type="book" year="1837">Schlegel, 1837</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
An examination of all RMNH specimens that were likely to have been examined by Schlegel when writing the
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFACFFF8FCBCF853FB909DC5" box="[843,1110,1921,1945]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFACFFF8FCBCF853FB909DC5" box="[843,1110,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Homalopsis schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
account based on collection date and collector were compared to his illustrations (Plate 13,
<figureCitation id="137C5B9BFFACFFF8FC93F877FC089DE1" box="[868,974,1957,1981]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1679,1702]" captionTargetBox="[151,1398,190,1678]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,149,1682]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lake Buhi Bockadam, Cerberus microlepis. USNM 197854. JCM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282383/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figures 6</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="137C5B9BFFACFFF8FBF1F877FBD09DE1" box="[1030,1046,1957,1981]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,2004,2027]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,193,1981]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[172,1416,193,1982]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. The Karoo Bockadam, Cerberus rynchops. Photos by Aaron Lobo." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282384/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">7</figureCitation>
). They appear to illustrate RMNH 1173. Determination was made possible by the unique arrangement of the fragments of the frontal scale that are present in the drawing and the specimen (
<figureCitation id="137C5B9BFFAFFFFBFD9EFF45FD0A9AF3" box="[617,716,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[205,1373,193,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[205,1373,193,1935]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. The lectotype of Cerberus schneiderii (RMNH 1173) with the locality data Timor. A and B compares the head scales of the lectotype to those in Schlegels drawing. The arrangement of the fragments of the frontal plate made it possible to identify this snake. C. Shows the lectotype in profile." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282386/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figure 9</figureCitation>
). Following article 74.4 of the
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFAFFFFBFBDFFF4AFEF39A8B" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">International Code of Zoological Nomenclature</emphasis>
4th Edition (1999), thus, RMNH 1173 is designated as the
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFAFFFFBFC0FFF6DFB999A8B" box="[1016,1119,191,215]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFAFFFFBFB79FF6DFEFC9AA6" authority="Schlegel 1837" authorityName="Schlegel" authorityYear="1837" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Homalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFAFFFFBFB79FF6DFA5A9A8B" box="[1166,1436,191,215]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Homalopsis schneiderii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63AEFFFAFFFFBFF60FF30FEFC9AA6" author="Schlegel" box="[151,314,226,250]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Schlegel, H. (1837) Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. II. Partie descriptive. J. Kips, J. Hz, &amp; W. P. Van Stockum, The Hague, 606 pp." type="book" year="1837">Schlegel 1837</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF381796FFAFFFFBFF60F9B7FEDD9CC2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282385/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[151,1435,303,1615]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFAFFFFBFF60F9B7FEDD9CC2" blockId="18.[151,1437,1637,1694]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFAFFFFBFF60F9B7FED59C26" bold="true" box="[151,275,1637,1660]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Schneiders Bockadam,
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFAFFFFBFDE7F9B7FD209C27" box="[528,742,1637,1659]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFAFFFFBFDE7F9B7FD209C27" box="[528,742,1637,1659]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cerberus schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Top: near Trang, Thailand; Bottom is from Pak Phanang, Thailand. Photos JCM.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35D1495FFAFFFFDFF30F91CFE3799B0" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFAFFFFBFF30F91CFAA89DE3" blockId="18.[151,1437,1742,1983]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFAFFFFBFF30F91CFCE69CBB" bold="true" box="[199,800,1742,1767]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Description of the
<typeStatus id="54FCF9BCFFAFFFFBFE55F91DFDCA9CBB" box="[418,524,1743,1767]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFAFFFFBFDC5F91CFCE69CBB" box="[562,800,1742,1767]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFAFFFFBFDC5F91CFCE69CBB" bold="true" box="[562,800,1742,1767]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cerberus schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. RMNH 1173, a female
<quantity id="4CBFEAFBFFAFFFFBFBC3F91DFB569CBB" box="[1076,1168,1743,1767]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.67" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="867.0">867 mm</quantity>
TL with a
<quantity id="4CBFEAFBFFAFFFFBFAF9F91DFAAC9CBB" box="[1294,1386,1743,1767]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="147.0">147 mm</quantity>
tail. Nasal scales in contact; internasal divided; frontal fragmented into small scales with two in the anterior row and three in the secondary row; ocular ring contains a single supraocular, a single preocular, two suboculars, and one postocular; upper labials 10/10, 14 contact the single loreal; eighth (last large) upper labial divided on both sides; lower labials 15/15; 14 contact first pair of chin shields on both sides; three pairs of chin shields; temporal formula 2+2/2+2. Dorsal scale rows 26/25/19; ventrals 148; subcaudals 51/51; anal plate divided. In alcohol, dorsal pattern faded but 18 cross bands are present on the anterior body; the ventral pattern is yellow with some dark mottling.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF381796FFAEFFFAFF60F870FD749DAA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282386/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" targetBox="[205,1373,193,1934]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFAEFFFAFF60F870FD749DAA" blockId="19.[151,1436,1954,2038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFAEFFFAFF60F870FED59DE4" bold="true" box="[151,275,1954,1977]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
The lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFAEFFFAFE3EF871FD669DE5" box="[457,672,1955,1977]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schneiderii">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFAEFFFAFE3EF871FD669DE5" box="[457,672,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Cerberus schneiderii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(RMNH 1173) with the locality data Timor. A and B compares the head scales of the lectotype to those in Schlegels drawing. The arrangement of the fragments of the frontal plate made it possible to identify this snake. C. Shows the lectotype in profile.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFA9FFFDFF30FF45FB959948" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,1004]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFA9FFFDFF30FF45FEF39AEC" bold="true" box="[199,309,151,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Variation</emphasis>
. Largest male
<quantity id="4CBFEAFBFFA9FFFDFE13FF45FD829AF3" box="[484,580,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.39" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="839.0">839 mm</quantity>
TL, with a
<quantity id="4CBFEAFBFFA9FFFDFD27FF45FCE99AF3" box="[720,815,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="156.0">156 mm</quantity>
tail; largest female
<quantity id="4CBFEAFBFFA9FFFDFBE1FF45FB459AF3" box="[1046,1155,151,175]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="1075.0">1075 mm</quantity>
TL with a
<quantity id="4CBFEAFBFFA9FFFDFAFEFF45FAAE9AF3" box="[1289,1384,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="174.0">174 mm</quantity>
tail. Frontal scale fragmented; the largest remaining fragment is usually shorter than the supraocular [only two (2.6%) of
<specimenCount id="9D418C97FFA9FFFDFF40FF32FE979AAB" box="[183,337,223,247]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">77 specimens</specimenCount>
examined for this trait had a frontal scale that was equal or longer than the supraocular scale FMNH 202770, SM 0403]. Upper labials 13 or
<quantity id="4CBFEAFBFFA9FFFDFD28FED6FCEC9B40" box="[735,810,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">14 in</quantity>
contact with the single loreal; last large upper labial horizontally divided. The first horizontally divided upper labial posterior to the eye is usually the ninth (83%), but can be the eighth (15%), tenth (1.3%) or seventh (0.6%). Of the 143 sides, 137 (96%) had one upper labial horizontally divided, and seven (4%) had two upper labials divided (only two specimens, FMNH 202780, FMNH
<date id="FFF961DEFFA9FFFDFF60FE46FF289BF0" box="[151,238,404,428]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="89-02-18">180289</date>
, have the last two upper labials divided on both sides, the character state found in
<taxonomicName id="4C473C9DFFA9FFFDFB7FFE46FB299BF0" box="[1160,1263,404,428]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cerberus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rynchops">
<emphasis id="B9339B0CFFA9FFFDFB7FFE46FB299BF0" box="[1160,1263,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">rynchops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Upper labials under the orbit (but separated by the subocular scales) 4+5, 5, 5+6, or 6; tallest upper labial (the largest) usually the eighth. Dorsal scales at midbody range from 2027, but are usually 2325 (73% of
<specimenCount id="9D418C97FFA9FFFDFBA7FE0EFB3D9BA8" box="[1104,1275,476,500]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">123 specimens</specimenCount>
), occasionally they range from 2022 (26.2% of
<specimenCount id="9D418C97FFA9FFFDFDD7FE2DFD0D984B" box="[544,715,511,535]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">123 specimens</specimenCount>
), and rarely are they 27 (0.8%). Dorsal scales rows on anterior body 2227, and at posterior body 1720; scales keeled and striated, with the exception of the first row which usually shows no trace of keels; scales in the first row are usually slightly larger and more ovate than the rows tοwarđ the vertebral line• ventral scales are rοunđeđ anđ wiđe﹔ males
<date id="FFF961DEFFA9FFFDFC19FDBEFBC498D8" box="[1006,1026,620,644]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">I4</date>
O—I7
<collectingCountry id="F350078EFFA9FFFDFBB7FDBEFB9798D8" box="[1088,1105,620,644]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</collectingCountry>
(n=58, x =
<date id="FFF961DEFFA9FFFDFB04FDBEFACB98D8" box="[1267,1293,620,644]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">I5</date>
I•2), οnly
<specimenCount id="9D418C97FFA9FFFDFA79FDBEFECA98F4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
(7%) have cοunts abοve
<date id="FFF961DEFFA9FFFDFDC2FD5CFD8198F4" box="[565,583,654,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">I6</date>
<collectingCountry id="F350078EFFA9FFFDFDBFFD5CFD9F98F4" box="[584,601,654,680]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</collectingCountry>
﹔ females
<date id="FFF961DEFFA9FFFDFD26FD42FD3298F4" box="[721,756,656,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1944-01">I44</date>
<date id="FFF961DEFFA9FFFDFCE6FD42FCF598F4" box="[785,819,656,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1967-01">I67</date>
(n=65, x =
<date id="FFF961DEFFA9FFFDFC4EFD42FC2598F4" box="[953,995,656,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1952-01">I52</date>
•5), but οnly 3 (4•6%) specimens have cοunts abοve
<date id="FFF961DEFFA9FFFDFEC2FD60FE819890" box="[309,327,690,716]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">I6</date>
<collectingCountry id="F350078EFFA9FFFDFEBFFD60FE9F9890" box="[328,345,690,716]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</collectingCountry>
﹔ subcauđal 53—75 (n= 57, x =6
<collectingCountry id="F350078EFFA9FFFDFD31FD66FD1F9890" box="[710,729,692,716]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O</collectingCountry>
) in males, 5O—62 (n=64, x = 55•8) in females• Τhe cοmpοsite data suggest little or no sexual dimorphism in this species; however when the data are broken down by specific locality most populations show sexual dimorphism in subcaudal counts (see Table 1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF8471EFFA9FFFDFF30FCF2FE3799B0" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,1004]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
In alcohol, dorsal surface of the head is uniform brown or gray with light upper and lower labials; a darker postocular stripe is often present; body dorsum is gray or brown with dark cross bands that extend onto the tail;
<collectingCountry id="F350078EFFA9FFFDFF60FCB5FECC9923" box="[151,266,871,895]" name="Philippines" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Philippine</collectingCountry>
population tends to have a uniform dorsum as do some specimens form elsewhere in the range; belly yellow or cream, sometimes extending onto the first two or three dorsal rows; venter may be uniform in color, or more often with dark blotches on the anterior margins of the ventrals and yellow or cream on the posterior margins of the ventrals, or it is mottled.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>