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<mods:title id="BC308AA1D4138014A3F5FF5342F591CA">Cellaria (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) from the deep: new species from the southern Zealandian region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6A1A5C1AC10CDBFDE57B5DACBE71E7C8">Gordon, Dennis P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="04DA8C4B9D0B2A9EB1510CAE42707FB4">National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14901 Kilbirnie, Wellington 6022, New Zealand. Dennis. Gordon @ niwa. co. nz; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9398 - 996 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1E5F72C4044A8119DF7A16294129A834">Smith, Abigail M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="09947947818EAC5C6B3DA4465B5CAA15">Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. &amp; abby. smith @ otago. ac. nz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6468 - 9124</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03BCB65E6D574F61FF073C5EFD48FF7F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5586885" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164618030" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5586885" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BCB65E6D574F61FF073C5EFD48FF7F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCB65E6D574F61FF073C5EFD48FF7F" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<subSubSection id="C30F54C36D574F60FF073C5EFEACFC93" box="[151,314,801,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF073C5EFEACFC93" blockId="18.[151,314,801,863]" box="[151,314,801,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<heading id="D0E2B0246D574F60FF073C5EFEACFC93" bold="true" box="[151,314,801,828]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FF073C5EFEACFC93" bold="true" box="[151,314,801,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D574F60FF073C5EFF6FFC94" ID-CoL="84M6W" authorityName="Ellis &amp; Solander" authorityYear="1786" box="[151,249,801,828]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FF073C5EFF6FFC94" bold="true" box="[151,249,801,828]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Cellaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 3
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30F54C36D574F60FF073C3AFDEFFC0F" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF073C3AFF6EFCF7" blockId="18.[151,314,801,863]" box="[151,248,837,863]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
(
<figureCitation id="132E1BCD6D574F60FF303C3AFF79FCF7" box="[160,239,837,863]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1827,1852]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,237,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,237,1802]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 11. Cellaria sp. 3, NIWA Stn U582. A. Proximal end of long unbranched stem showing zooids with modified opesiae (mostly occluded) and cowled cryptocysts from which rootlets would proceed in life. B. Proximal end of stem, the smaller zooid at lower left possibly the ancestrula. C. Close up of part of (A), showing occluded opesiae and rootlet loci. D. Proximal part of an internode; the ancestrula faces toward the lower right. E. Part of (A), showing zooidal opesiae becoming occluded by calcified tongue developing from distal rim towards rectangular median process. F. Younger stem with non-occluded opesiae (distal one broken). G. Opesia with proximal rectangular lip. Scale bars: A, 50 μm; B, G, 250 μm; C, E, 200 μm; D, 500 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900374/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF073CF2FDEFFC0F" blockId="18.[151,633,908,935]" box="[151,633,908,935]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D574F60FF073CF2FF62FC0F" authorityName="Ellis &amp; Solander" authorityYear="1786" box="[151,244,909,935]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FF073CF2FF62FC0F" box="[151,244,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Cellaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 3:
<bibRefCitation id="EF847AB96D574F60FEAE3CF2FDBDFC0F" author="Achilleos" box="[318,555,909,935]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Achilleos" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" pagination="2801 - 2812" refId="ref12204" refString="Achilleos, K., Smith, A. M., Gordon, D. P. (2019) The articulated bryozoan genus Cellaria in the southern Zealandian region: Distribution and associated fauna. Marine Biodiversity, 49, 2801 - 2812. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 019 - 01009 - y" type="journal article" year="2019">
Achilleos
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FE203CF1FE77FC0F" box="[432,481,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
: [47].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F54C36D574F60FF073CABFE34FBBB" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF073CABFE34FBBB" blockId="18.[151,1437,980,2015]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FF073CABFE14FC47" bold="true" box="[151,386,980,1007]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B7D0D156D574F60FE1B3CAAFDA4FC47" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640467322" box="[395,562,981,1007]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" specimenCode="NIWA 132737" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB3AF336D574F60FE1B3CAAFDA4FC47" box="[395,562,981,1007]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 132737</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B7D0D156D574F60FDAF3CAAFE0BFBBB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640467321" collectingDate="1988-02-05" collectionCode="NIWA" collectorName="Stn U &amp; Three Kings Ridge" elevation="790" latitude="-31.8617" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="172.4333" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED049F8D6D574F60FDAF3CAAFD11FC47" box="[575,647,981,1007]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26E0629E6D574F60FD1F3CAAFD44FC47" box="[655,722,980,1007]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Stn U</collectorName>
582,
<geoCoordinate id="EE21618F6D574F60FC9B3CAAFC1EFC47" box="[779,904,981,1007]" degrees="31.8617" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" precision="5" value="-31.8617">31.8617º S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE21618F6D574F60FC063CAAFBB5FC47" box="[918,1059,981,1007]" degrees="172.4333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" precision="5" value="172.4333">172.4333º E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="26E0629E6D574F60FBA13CAAFA9AFC47" box="[1073,1292,981,1007]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Three Kings Ridge</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="4CEDAAAD6D574F60FA893CAAFAF5FC47" box="[1305,1379,981,1007]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" unit="m" value="790.0">
<elevation id="0038E07B6D574F60FA893CAAFAF5FC47" box="[1305,1379,981,1007]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" unit="m" value="790.0">790 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collected
<date id="FFAB21886D574F60FF713C87FE0BFBBB" box="[225,413,1016,1043]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" value="1988-02-05">
<collectingDate id="EFEFD8606D574F60FF713C87FE0BFBBB" box="[225,413,1016,1043]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" value="1988-02-05">5 February 1988</collectingDate>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F54C36D574F60FF573B63FE74F987" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF573B63FA81FBF3" blockId="18.[151,1437,980,2015]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FF573B63FECFFB9F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1052,1079]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Description.</emphasis>
Colony erect, comprising three stems not&gt;
<quantity id="4CEDAAAD6D574F60FCD53B62FC13FB9F" box="[837,901,1053,1079]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
in length, very slender, 4-sided, tapering proximally (W, 147399 μm). Zooids arranged back to back in alternating pairs, hence 4 longitudinal series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF573B1AFB63FAFF" blockId="18.[151,1437,980,2015]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Autozooidal cystids highly elongate-hexagonal, sometimes with rounded distal margins and lateral walls of whorled zooid pairs abutting or not (ZL, 632880 μm; ZW, 343364 μm; ratio 2). Cryptocystal surface evenly granular except for area proximal to opesia where granules are sparse to absent; cryptocystal ridges unusually merging into lateral zooid margins distally, continuous and rounded proximally. Lowest part of frontal cryptocyst immediately proximal to opesia. Opesia wider than long (OpL, 109117 μm; OpW, 142158 μm; ratio 0.75), rim scarcely raised, smooth or weakly and irregularly beaded where granules occur, centre of proximal margin upturned as conspicuous proximal rectangular lip with opesiular indentations either side; no visible condyles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF573A1EFDA2FAD3" blockId="18.[151,1437,980,2015]" box="[199,564,1377,1403]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Avicularia and ovicells not seen.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF573AFAFE74F987" blockId="18.[151,1437,980,2015]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Presumed ancestrular zooid flanked by larger latero-abfrontal pair, all three tapering to narrow point with tiny rootlet pores. Up to 4 paired zooid whorls distal to ancestrula with paired foramina where opesiular indentations used to be; proximal to these foramina, whorls closest to ancestrula have partial overgrowth of calcification, creating large opening for rootlet. Closure of opesia initiated when median tongue of calcification grows from distal margin to the rectangular lip process.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F54C36D574F61FF573946FC5DFF1B" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF573946FE86F8DB" blockId="18.[151,1437,980,2015]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FF573946FEADF9FB" bold="true" box="[199,315,1593,1619]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Remarks.</emphasis>
Few species have such a prominent rectangular median process.
<bibRefCitation id="EF847AB96D574F60FBBD3946FB64F9FB" author="Liu &amp; Hu" box="[1069,1266,1593,1619]" firstAuthor="Liu" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" pagination="7 - 160" refId="ref15328" refString="Liu, X &amp; Hu, Y. (1991) On the cheilostome bryozoans from the northwest waters off the Antarctic Peninsula. Studia Marina Sinica, 32 (10), 7 - 160." type="journal article" year="1991">Liu &amp; Hu (1991)</bibRefCitation>
depict a fairly well-developed such process in Antarctic
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D574F60FDE63922FCF7F9DF" authorityName="Liu &amp; Hu" authorityYear="1991" box="[630,865,1629,1655]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="complanata">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FDE63922FCF7F9DF" box="[630,865,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Cellaria complanata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but this species has flanking condyles and many more longitudinal zooidal series. What is striking about the rectangular lip process in
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D574F60FBC739FEFB22F933" authorityName="Ellis &amp; Solander" authorityYear="1786" box="[1111,1204,1665,1691]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FBC739FEFB22F933" box="[1111,1204,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Cellaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 3 is how angular it is, even slightly alate, whereas the median convexity of many
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D574F60FCFF39DAFC5AF917" authorityName="Ellis &amp; Solander" authorityYear="1786" box="[879,972,1701,1727]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FCFF39DAFC5AF917" box="[879,972,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Cellaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species is typically a rounded convexity. One exception is
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D574F60FECF39B6FCE4F94B" authority="d'Hondt &amp; Gordon, 1999" authorityName="d'Hondt &amp; Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[351,882,1737,1763]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquidens">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FECF39B6FDDEF94B" box="[351,584,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Cellaria obliquidens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF847AB96D574F60FDC139B6FCE4F94B" author="d'Hondt &amp; Gordon" box="[593,882,1737,1763]" firstAuthor="d'Hondt" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" pagination="169 - 251" refId="ref13383" refString="d'Hondt, J. - L. &amp; Gordon, D. P. (1999) Entoproctes et Bryozoaires Cheilostomida (Pseudomalacostegomorpha et Cryptocystomorpha) des campagnes MUSORSTOM autour de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. ln: Crosnier, A. (ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 180, 169 - 251." type="journal article" year="1999">dHondt &amp; Gordon, 1999</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F30247D86D574F60FC2A39B6FBFAF94B" box="[954,1132,1737,1763]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
, but this species has many longitudinal zooidal series and condyle-like processes extend obliquely from the corners of the median process. Also, the distal rim opesial rim in
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D574F60FDBC386EFD45F883" authorityName="d'Hondt &amp; Gordon" authorityYear="1999" box="[556,723,1809,1835]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="obliquidens">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FDBC386EFD45F883" box="[556,723,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">C. obliquidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is straight with weak granulation.
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D574F60FBF9386EFE1EF8E7" authority="Almeida, Souza &amp; Vieira, 2018" authorityName="Almeida, Souza &amp; Vieira" authorityYear="2018" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="oraneae">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FBF9386EFABAF883" box="[1129,1324,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Cellaria oraneae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF847AB96D574F60FAA5386EFE1EF8E7" author="Almeida, Souza &amp; Vieira" firstAuthor="Almeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref12319" refString="Almeida, A. C. S., Souza, F. B. C. &amp; Vieira, L. M. (2018) A new species of Cellaria (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) from northeastern Brazil, with a tabular identification key to the Atlantic species. Zoologia, 35, 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zoologia. 35. e 24571" type="journal article" year="2018">Almeida, Souza &amp; Vieira, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F30247D86D574F60FE5C384AFD86F8E7" box="[460,528,1845,1871]" name="Brazil" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Brazil</collectingCountry>
has such a prominent median process but only related to the ooecial opening, not the opesia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D574F60FF573802FA84F877" blockId="18.[151,1437,980,2015]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
The slender proximal end of the stem and the rootlets originating distally of the ancestrula observed in this species, resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D574F60FEDA38DEFE31F813" authorityName="Ellis &amp; Solander" authorityYear="1786" box="[330,423,1953,1979]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D574F60FEDA38DEFE31F813" box="[330,423,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Cellaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. collected by
<bibRefCitation id="EF847AB96D574F60FDF838DEFC8DF813" author="Hayward" box="[616,795,1953,1979]" firstAuthor="Hayward" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" pagination="21 - 68" refId="ref14816" refString="Hayward, P. J. (1981) The Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) of the deep sea. Galathea Reports, 15, 21 - 68." type="journal article" year="1981">Hayward (1981</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 1B) off
<collectingCountry id="F30247D86D574F60FC2038DEFBD5F813" box="[944,1091,1953,1979]" name="South Africa" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. However, there is not enough information about the species collected by
<bibRefCitation id="EF847AB96D574F60FDE838BAFCA6F877" author="Hayward" box="[632,816,1989,2015]" firstAuthor="Hayward" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" pagination="21 - 68" refId="ref14816" refString="Hayward, P. J. (1981) The Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) of the deep sea. Galathea Reports, 15, 21 - 68." type="journal article" year="1981">Hayward (1981)</bibRefCitation>
to adequately compare the two specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D564F61FF573FE6FC5DFF1B" blockId="19.[199,971,153,215]" box="[199,971,153,179]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D564F61FF573FE6FEB2FF1B" authorityName="Ellis &amp; Solander" authorityYear="1786" box="[199,292,153,179]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D564F61FF573FE6FEB2FF1B" box="[199,292,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">Cellaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 3 co-occurs at the same station locality as
<taxonomicName id="4C157CCB6D564F61FCBB3FE6FC1EFF1B" authorityName="Ellis &amp; Solander" authorityYear="1786" box="[811,904,153,179]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Cellariidae" genus="Cellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D564F61FCBB3FE6FC1EFF1B" box="[811,904,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">Cellaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F54C36D564F61FF573FC3FD48FF7F" box="[199,734,188,215]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAA07486D564F61FF573FC3FD48FF7F" blockId="19.[199,971,153,215]" box="[199,734,188,215]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">
<emphasis id="B961DB5A6D564F61FF573FC3FEF7FF7F" bold="true" box="[199,353,188,215]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">Distribution.</emphasis>
Three Kings Ridge,
<quantity id="4CEDAAAD6D564F61FDDB3FC2FD04FF7F" box="[587,658,189,215]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" unit="m" value="790.0">790 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>