144 lines
16 KiB
XML
144 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="6F21EF69D9DE54C149F0C80AD7D3FBB2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.246331" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8bc74a10-7de0-4e39-8fc6-142a14d01b07" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="246331" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460513276238" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cock, Matthew J. W. & Congdon, Colin E." docDate="2012" docId="03AB4D687B61D213FF6FF9B9FB0AFF43" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03438p042.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3438" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Zenonia Evans 1935" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FF9235107B64D215FFF8FF93FFC9FF97" masterDocTitle="Observations on the biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) principally from Kenya. Part 4. Hesperiinae: Aeromachini and Baorini" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698313706351" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5C6E51A1BC9D25D3BEADA7F4550689D4">Observations on the biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) principally from Kenya. Part 4. Hesperiinae: Aeromachini and Baorini</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F7E042484D80876F6ACBDD51AC1A89F3">Cock, Matthew J. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="07942360FF7E6F6A57F1F504F0B2A7A7">Congdon, Colin E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="25E9EF0286289B025EDA86C0AC4B36A9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CA0BF8D496D2701EC27FAA6133A08495">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="71979C978AB9FAF2C824EF98C4A489F7">
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<mods:date id="7B4E2BD175E1C5C148EDBC4BF039E72C">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="34AF663182816EB259CF5184D66DAF94">3438</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03AB4D687B61D213FF6FF9B9FB0AFF43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5680662" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119523816" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5680662" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB4D687B61D213FF6FF9B9FB0AFF43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB4D687B61D213FF6FF9B9FB0AFF43" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<paragraph id="8BBDFC7E7B61D210FF6FF9B9FD5EF9D3" blockId="5.[151,1437,1578,2034]" box="[151,663,1578,1604]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0F54B127B61D210FF6FF9B9FD5EF9D3" bold="true" box="[151,663,1578,1604]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FF6FF9B9FD5EF9D3" bold="true" box="[151,663,1578,1604]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FF6FF9B9FE50F9D3" ID-CoL="92QRY" authority="Evans, 1935" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,409,1578,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FF6FF9B9FF35F9D3" bold="true" box="[151,252,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Zenonia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF93818F7B61D210FEFBF9B9FE50F9D3" author="Evans" box="[259,409,1578,1604]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Evans, W. H. (1935) see Carpenter (1935)." type="journal volume" year="1935">Evans, 1935</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in
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<bibRefCitation id="EF93818F7B61D210FE32F9B9FD46F9D3" author="Carpenter" box="[458,655,1578,1604]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Carpenter, G. D. H. (1935) The Rhopalocera of Abyssinia: a faunistic study. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 83, 313 - 440. [This includes two new genera descriptions by W. H. Evans]." type="journal article" year="1935">Carpenter 1935</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBDFC7E7B61D210FF6FF9DDFECAF93A" blockId="5.[151,1437,1578,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF93818F7B61D210FF6FF9DDFEE1F9F2" author="Evans" box="[151,296,1613,1637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Evans, W. H. (1935) see Carpenter (1935)." type="journal volume" year="1935">
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Evans (
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<quantity id="4CFA519B7B61D210FF17F9DEFEE1F9F2" box="[239,296,1613,1637]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.914899999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="1935.0">1935</quantity>
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</bibRefCitation>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EF93818F7B61D210FEADF9DEFDC1F9F2" author="Carpenter" box="[341,520,1613,1637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Carpenter, G. D. H. (1935) The Rhopalocera of Abyssinia: a faunistic study. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 83, 313 - 440. [This includes two new genera descriptions by W. H. Evans]." type="journal article" year="1935">Carpenter 1935</bibRefCitation>
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) established this genus for
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FCA9F9DDFBD3F9F2" authority="Trimen" authorityName="Trimen" box="[849,1050,1613,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeno">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FCA9F9DDFC61F9F2" box="[849,936,1614,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. zeno</emphasis>
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(Trimen)
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</taxonomicName>
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, and subsequently described two additional species from the genus (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF93818F7B61D210FDC0F9E2FD1AF91E" author="Evans" box="[568,723,1649,1673]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Evans, W. H. (1937 a) A catalogue of the African Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, UK, 212 pp, 30 plates." type="book" year="1937" yearSuffix="a">Evans 1937a</bibRefCitation>
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). MJWC has reared
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FC22F9E1FBF9F91E" box="[986,1072,1650,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeno">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FC22F9E1FBF9F91E" box="[986,1072,1650,1673]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. zeno</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F315BCEE7B61D210FB78F9E1FB05F91D" box="[1152,1228,1650,1674]" name="Kenya" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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, and TCEC from
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<collectingCountry id="F315BCEE7B61D210FF6FF906FEC9F93A" box="[151,256,1685,1709]" name="Tanzania" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBDFC7E7B61D210FF3FF92AFA54F866" blockId="5.[151,1437,1578,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF93818F7B61D210FF3FF92AFE6DF946" author="Sevastopulo" box="[199,420,1721,1745]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Sevastopulo, D. G. (1975) Hesperiidae. Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologists' Society, 34, 131 - 132. In: Sevastopulo, D. G. (1975 - 1978) A list of the food-plants of East African Macrolepidoptera. Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologists' Society, 34, 84 - 92, 124 - 132, 175 - 184; 35, 94 - 100, 177 - 195; 36, 45 - 50; 37, 147 - 172, 202 - 216." type="journal article" year="1975">Sevastopulo (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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gives grasses as the food plant of for
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FC90F929FBD5F946" authority="Evans" authorityName="Evans" box="[872,1052,1722,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crasta">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FC90F929FC07F946" box="[872,974,1722,1745]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. crasta</emphasis>
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Evans
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</taxonomicName>
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(a species from
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<collectingCountry id="F315BCEE7B61D210FB1AF92AFAE6F946" box="[1250,1327,1721,1745]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Congo</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F315BCEE7B61D210FAC6F92AFA51F946" box="[1342,1432,1721,1745]" name="Uganda" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F315BCEE7B61D210FF6FF94EFF3AF962" box="[151,243,1757,1781]" name="Rwanda" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F315BCEE7B61D210FEC7F94EFE52F962" box="[319,411,1757,1781]" name="Burundi" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Burundi</collectingCountry>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF93818F7B61D210FE55F94EFC88F962" author="Evans" box="[429,833,1757,1782]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Evans, W. H. (1937 a) A catalogue of the African Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, UK, 212 pp, 30 plates." type="book" year="1937" yearSuffix="a">(Evans 1937a, ABRI collection))</bibRefCitation>
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in his list of the food plants of East African Macrolepidoptera, but since he didn’t rear this species (Sevastopulo unpublished), no one else has reported food plants for
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FEF1F8B5FEA4F8AA" box="[265,365,1830,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crasta">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FEF1F8B5FEA4F8AA" box="[265,365,1830,1853]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. crasta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and it is immediately preceded by
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FD07F8B5FC86F8AA" box="[767,847,1830,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeno">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FD07F8B5FC86F8AA" box="[767,847,1830,1853]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. zeno</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in his list without an entry, it seems possible that he intended
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FEFAF8D9FE9FF8F6" box="[258,342,1866,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeno">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FEFAF8D9FE9FF8F6" box="[258,342,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. zeno</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. There is an eclosed pupa in the NHM dry early stages collection labelled
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FB21F8D9FA88F8F6" box="[1241,1345,1866,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crasta">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FB21F8D9FA88F8F6" box="[1241,1345,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. crasta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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ex Van Someren coll., but the cross reference label in the Van Someren collection in accessions is in the series of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FABCF8FDFA5CF812" box="[1348,1429,1902,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeno">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FABCF8FDFA5CF812" box="[1348,1429,1902,1925]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. zeno</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The pupa is missing the frontal plate and there are no remains for the final instar caterpillar; as such it is not identifiable, although consistent with the pupa shown below for
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FC8AF825FC0DF85A" box="[882,964,1974,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeno">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FC8AF825FC0DF85A" box="[882,964,1974,1997]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. zeno</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Van Someren’s collection includes long series of both
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FEC0F849FE43F866" box="[312,394,2010,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeno">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FEC0F849FE43F866" box="[312,394,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. zeno</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B61D210FE3CF849FDE1F866" box="[452,552,2010,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crasta">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B61D210FE3CF849FDE1F866" box="[452,552,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z. crasta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, many of the latter in fresh condition, but none seem to be labelled as reared.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBDFC7E7B62D213FF6FFF04FB0AFF43" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Thus, there is uncertainty about this pupa and Sevastopulo’s record. Nevertheless, it seems reasonable to anticipate that
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B62D213FF30FF2EFEE2FF43" box="[200,299,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crasta">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B62D213FF30FF2EFEE2FF43" box="[200,299,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Z. crasta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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will be found to be a
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B62D213FDD8FF2EFDB2FF43" box="[544,635,189,212]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
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feeder, with early stages similar to those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0287FD7B62D213FB93FF2EFB75FF43" box="[1131,1212,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Zenonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zeno">
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<emphasis id="B976206C7B62D213FB93FF2EFB75FF43" box="[1131,1212,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Z. zeno</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |