527 lines
87 KiB
XML
527 lines
87 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1D2FBC42F6EEB9D59628648C5265CB67">Craniodental Morphology And Phylogeny Of Marsupials</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AAE4A4C9BD7B600B003E3E6841B78CA3">Beck, Robin M. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D543B0B1DA7E4B548F53B84BC19D6887">School of Science, Engineering and Environment University of Salford, U. K. & School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales, Australia & Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A979771458EDA3577072584C5C4177B6">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3EF72DE1F58EEECFB30E26EA9D4BC1C9">Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8E9A4AEA65D783429CE80F155D94F837">Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9DEE35088CE94119B659DC1EF7548A06">Bell Museum and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="038D7A0A5D5DBF3ECA683E8208DF0766">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03EFDD5DF6C668D6DAEDFCEB1E21FADB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7036181" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7036181" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFDD5DF6C668D6DAEDFCEB1E21FADB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EFDD5DF6C668D6DAEDFCEB1E21FADB" lastPageId="255" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">
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<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6C668D4DAEDFCEB1863FC9A" box="[230,513,837,861]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C668D4DAEDFCEB1863FC9A" blockId="253.[230,513,837,861]" box="[230,513,837,861]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">
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<heading id="D0B1DB27F6C668D4DAEDFCEB1863FC9A" box="[230,513,837,861]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DAEDFCEB1863FC9A" ID-CoL="CBD" authority="Gray, 1821" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[230,513,837,861]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Macropodidae
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DB86FCEB1863FC9A" author="Gray, J. E." box="[397,513,837,861]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="296 - 310" refId="ref207525" refString="Gray, J. E. 1821. On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals. London Medical Repository 15: 296 - 310." type="journal article" year="1821">Gray, 1821</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6C668D4DA87FCD91AB0FBF3" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" type="synonymic_list">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C668D4DA87FCD91AB0FBF3" blockId="253.[108,637,887,1738]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">
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CONTENTS: †
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DB2AFCD91B00FC48" authorityName="Flannery & Szalay" authorityYear="1982" box="[289,354,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Bohra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DB2AFCD91B00FC48" box="[289,354,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Bohra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DB7FFCD91B9FFC48" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1840" box="[372,509,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Dendrolagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DB7FFCD91B9FFC48" box="[372,509,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Dendrolagus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D806FCD61817FC48" authorityName="Schlegel & Muller" authorityYear="1845" box="[525,629,888,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Dorcopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4D806FCD61817FC48" box="[525,629,888,911]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Dorcopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DA67FC361A93FC77" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1916" box="[108,241,920,944]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Dorcopsulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DA67FC361A93FC77" box="[108,241,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Dorcopsulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, †
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DB19FC361B1CFC68" authorityName="Cooke" authorityYear="1997" box="[274,382,920,943]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Ganguroo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DB19FC361B1CFC68" box="[274,382,920,943]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Ganguroo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, †
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DB95FC361849FC77" authorityName="Woodburne" authorityYear="1967" box="[414,555,920,944]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Hadronomas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DB95FC361849FC77" box="[414,555,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Hadronomas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D835FC371ADFFC16" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1841" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Lagorchestes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4D835FC371ADFFC16" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Lagorchestes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DAC0FC171B3AFC16" box="[203,344,953,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Lagostrophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DAC0FC171B3AFC16" box="[203,344,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Lagostrophus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(fig. 53),
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DBCCFC141852FC16" box="[455,560,954,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Macropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DBCCFC141852FC16" box="[455,560,954,977]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Macropus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D834FC141AB7FC35" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Notamacropus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4D834FC141AB7FC35" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Notamacropus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DAE3FC741B11FC35" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1841" box="[232,371,986,1010]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Onychogalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DAE3FC741B11FC35" box="[232,371,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Onychogalea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DB8DFC741862FC35" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1842" box="[390,512,986,1010]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Osphranter" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DB8DFC741862FC35" box="[390,512,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Osphranter</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D819FC741814FC35" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" box="[530,630,986,1010]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Petrogale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4D819FC741814FC35" box="[530,630,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Petrogale</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, †
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DA71FC551B4FFBD4" authorityName="Kear" authorityYear="2002" box="[122,301,1019,1043]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Rhizosthenurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DA71FC551B4FFBD4" box="[122,301,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Rhizosthenurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DB46FC521BC0FBD4" authorityName="Beck & Voss & Jansa" authorityYear="2022" box="[333,418,1020,1043]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Setonix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DB46FC521BC0FBD4" box="[333,418,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Setonix</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DBC9FC551853FBD4" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" box="[450,561,1019,1043]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Thylogale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DBC9FC551853FBD4" box="[450,561,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Thylogale</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DA67FBB21AAEFBF3" authorityName="Trouessart" authorityYear="1905" box="[108,204,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Wallabia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DA67FBB21AAEFBF3" box="[108,204,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Wallabia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6C668D4DA87FB93186AFA25" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C668D4DA87FB931ACEFBB0" blockId="253.[108,637,887,1738]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">STEM AGE: 19.3 Mya (95% HPD: 18.0–22.0 Mya).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C668D4DA87FB2E1ACFFB7E" blockId="253.[108,637,887,1738]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">CROWN AGE: 18.2 Mya (95% HPD: 17.8–19.7 Mya).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C668D4DA87FB6C186AFA25" blockId="253.[108,637,887,1738]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL SYNAPOMORPHIES: Parietal and alisphenoid in contact on lateral aspect of braincase (char. 26: 1→0; ci = 0.071); principal labial and lingual cusps of upper molars connected by well-developed lophs (char. 144: 1→2; ci = 0.200); midpoints of protoloph and metaloph connected by a “midlink” (char. 145: 0→1; ci = 0.500); and entocristid indistinct or absent (char. 176: 0→1; ci = 0.077).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6C668D6DA87FA451E21FADB" lastPageId="255" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C668D4DA87FA451E31F90D" blockId="253.[108,637,887,1738]" lastBlockId="253.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">
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COMMENTS: As already discussed, monophyly of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DA82F9A21819F9E3" authority="(sensu Kear and Cooke, 2001)" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[137,635,1548,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Macropodidae (sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DB75F9A31816F9E3" author="Kear, B. P. & B. N. Cooke" box="[382,628,1548,1572]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="83 - 101" refId="ref210698" refString="Kear, B. P., and B. N. Cooke. 2001. A review of macropodoid (Marsupialia) systematics with the inclusion of a new family. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 25: 83 - 101." type="journal article" year="2001">Kear and Cooke, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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was not supported in our undated total-evidence analysis (fig. 32) due to the surprising (and almost certainly erroneous) position of the balbarids †
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DACDF93E1B45F96F" baseAuthorityName="Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[198,295,1680,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Balbaroo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DACDF93E1B45F96F" box="[198,295,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Balbaroo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DB7BF93F1867F96F" box="[368,517,1681,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Ganawamaya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DB7BF93F1867F96F" box="[368,517,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Ganawamaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a clade with the macropodids
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DB7EF91C1BBCF90E" authorityName="Schlegel & Muller" authorityYear="1845" box="[373,478,1714,1737]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Dorcopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DB7EF91C1BBCF90E" box="[373,478,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Dorcopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DBFBF91C1817F90D" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1916" box="[496,629,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Dorcopsulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DBFBF91C1817F90D" box="[496,629,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Dorcopsulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D8B2FF4C1941FF3E" authorityName="Cooke" authorityYear="1997" box="[697,803,226,249]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Ganguroo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4D8B2FF4C1941FF3E" box="[697,803,226,249]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Ganguroo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D936FF4C19A5FF3D" authorityName="Woodburne" authorityYear="1967" box="[829,967,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Hadronomas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4D936FF4C19A5FF3D" box="[829,967,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Hadronomas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DE1AFF4C1ED4FF3D" authorityName="Kear" authorityYear="2002" box="[1041,1206,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Rhizosthenurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DE1AFF4C1ED4FF3D" box="[1041,1206,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Rhizosthenurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The following discussion therefore applies to the clade recovered by our dated total-evidence analysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137D70CEF6C668D4D8EBFEEB1944FE9A" box="[736,806,325,349]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="253" pageNumber="253">fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
), in which balbarids were constrained to fall outside
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D95EFEC81994FEB9" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[853,1014,358,382]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DE17FEC81EF5FEB9" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[1052,1175,358,382]" class="Mammalia" family="Potoroidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Potoroidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in agreement with all recent published phylogenetic analyses focused on macropodiform relationships (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D8F9FE67198AFE26" author="Kear, B. P. & B. N. Cooke" box="[754,1000,457,481]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="83 - 101" refId="ref210698" refString="Kear, B. P., and B. N. Cooke. 2001. A review of macropodoid (Marsupialia) systematics with the inclusion of a new family. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 25: 83 - 101." type="journal article" year="2001">Kear and Cooke, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D9F8FE671E1CFE26" author="Cooke, B. N." box="[1011,1150,457,481]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="647 - 672" refId="ref198332" refString="Cooke, B. N. 2006. Kangaroos. In J. R. Merrick, M. Archer, G. M. Hickey, and M. S. Y. Lee (editors), Evolution and biogeography of Australasian vertebrates: 647 - 672. Sydney: Auscipub Pty Ltd." type="book chapter" year="2006">Cooke, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE82FE64194BFDC5" author="Kear, B. P. & B. N. Cooke & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="1147 - 1167" refId="ref210900" refString="Kear, B. P., B. N. Cooke, M. Archer, and T. F. Flannery. 2007. Implications of a new species of the OligoMiocene kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) Nambaroo, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia. Journal of Paleontology 81 (6): 1147 - 1167." type="journal article" year="2007">Kear et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D93EFE451E50FDC5" author="Kear, B. P. & N. S. Pledge" box="[821,1074,490,514]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="331 - 339" refId="ref210743" refString="Kear, B. P., and N. S. Pledge. 2008. A new fossil kangaroo from the Oligocene-Miocene Etadunna Formation of Ngama Quarry, Lake Palankarinna, South Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 55 (6): 331 - 339." type="journal article" year="2008">Kear and Pledge, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE35FE451886FDE4" author="Bates, H." pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="383 - 396" refId="ref192429" refString="Bates, H., et al. 2014. Three new Miocene species of musky rat-kangaroos (Hypsiprymnodontidae, Macropodoidea): description, phylogenetics, and paleoecology. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 383 - 396." type="journal article" year="2014">Bates et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D8FDFDA519B4FDE4" author="Black, K. H." box="[758,982,523,547]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="112705" refId="ref194351" refString="Black, K. H., et al. 2014 c. A new species of the basal " kangaroo " Balbaroo and a re-evaluation of stem macropodiform interrelationships. PLoS One 9 (11): e 112705." type="journal article" year="2014">Black et al., 2014c</bibRefCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D9E3FDA51893FD83" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="20" refId="ref230732" refString="Travouillon, K. J., B. N. Cooke, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2014 b. Revision of basal macropodids from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area with descriptions of new material of Ganguroo bilamina Cooke, 1997 and a new species. Palaeontologia Electronica 17 (1): 20 A." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="b">Travouillon et al., 2014b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D90BFD821926FD83" author="Travouillon" box="[768,836,556,580]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="274 - 286" refId="ref230795" refString="Travouillon, K. J., M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015 a. Revision of Wabularoo, an early macropodid kangaroo from mid-Cenozoic deposits of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 39 (2): 274 - 286." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
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2015
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D933FD821926FD83" author="a" box="[824,836,556,580]" firstAuthor="a" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="602 - 611" refId="ref236085" refString="Wright, A. M., G. T. Lloyd, and D. M. Hillis. 2016. Modeling character change heterogeneity in phylogenetic analyses of morphology through the use of priors. Systematic Biology 65 (4): 602 - 611." type="journal article" year="2016">a</bibRefCitation>
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, 2016,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D990FD8219B1FD83" author="Travouillon" box="[923,979,556,580]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="105 - 128" refId="ref231133" refString="Travouillon, K. J., K. Butler, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2022. Two new species of the genus Gumardee (Marsupialia, Macropodiformes) reveal the repeated evolution of bilophodonty in kangaroos. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 46 (1): 105 - 128." type="journal article" year="2022">2022</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D9E9FD821EDAFD83" author="Cooke, B. N. & K. J. Travouillon & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[994,1208,556,580]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="956879" refId="ref198423" refString="Cooke, B. N., K. J. Travouillon, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015. Ganguroo robustiter, sp. nov. (Macropodoidea, Marsupialia), a middle to early late Miocene basal macropodid from Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 (4): e 956879." type="journal article" year="2015">Cooke et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D8A7FDE319E2FDA2" author="Butler, K. & K. J. Travouillon & G. J. Price & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[684,896,589,613]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="1083029" refId="ref195985" refString="Butler, K., K. J. Travouillon, G. J. Price, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2016. Cookeroo, a new genus of fossil kangaroo (Marsupialia, Macropodidae) from the Oligo-Miocene of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36 (3): e 1083029." type="journal article" year="2016">Butler et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D99BFDE319AAFDA2" author="Butler, K. & K. J. Travouillon & G. Price & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[912,968,589,613]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref196113" refString="Butler, K., K. J. Travouillon, G. Price, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2018. Revision of Oligo-Miocene kangaroos, Ganawamaya and Nambaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodiformes, Balbaridae). Palaeontologia Electronica 21.1.8 A: 1 - 58." type="book chapter" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
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; den Boer and Kear, 2018). Contact of the parietal and alisphenoid on the lateral aspect of the braincase, which optimizes as an unambiguous synapomorphy of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D8A7FD7C1928FD2D" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[684,842,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in our dated total-evidence analysis, is a consistent feature among macropodids and its relevance for macropodiform systematics has often been discussed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D9CDFC9B1E03FC8A" author="Pearson" box="[966,1121,821,845]" firstAuthor="Pearson" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="211 - 229" refId="ref220995" refString="Pearson, J. 1950. The relationships of the Potoroidae to the Macropodidae (Marsupialia). Paper of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1950: 211 - 229." type="journal article" year="1950">Pearson, 1950</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE67FC9B188DFCA9" author="Archer, M." pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="633 - 808" refId="ref190081" refString="Archer, M. 1984 c. The Australian marsupial radiation. In M. Archer and G. Clayton (editors), Vertebrate zoogeography and evolution in Australasia: 633 - 808. Perth: Hesperian Press." type="book chapter" year="1984">Archer, 1984c</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D8F6FCF8191BFCA9" author="Case, J. A." box="[765,889,854,878]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="1074 - 1086" refId="ref196782" refString="Case, J. A. 1984. A new genus of Potoroinae (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) from the Miocene Ngapakaldi Local Fauna, South Australia, and a definition of the Potoroinae. Journal of Paleontology 58 (4): 1074 - 1086." type="journal article" year="1984">Case, 1984</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D98CFCF81E16FCA9" author="Flannery, T. F. & M. Archer" box="[903,1140,854,878]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="357 - 383" refId="ref202019" refString="Flannery, T. F., and M. Archer. 1984. The macropodoids (Marsupialia) of the early Pliocene Bow Local Fauna, central eastern New South Wales. Australian Zoologist 21 (4 - 5): 357 - 383." type="journal article" year="1984">Flannery et al., 1984</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE89FCF819D4FC48" author="Flannery, T. F. & M. Archer" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="759 - 767" refId="ref202183" refString="Flannery, T. F., and M. Archer. 1987 b. Bettongia moyesi, a new and plesiomorphic kangaroo (Marsupialia: Potoroidae) from Miocene sediments of northwestern Queensland. In M. Archer (editor), Possums and opossums: studies in evolution: 759 - 767. Sydney: Surrey Beatty and Sons." type="book chapter" year="1987">Flannery and Archer, 1987b</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D9C8FCD91E67FC48" author="Flannery, T. F. & M. Archer" box="[963,1029,887,911]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="749 - 758" refId="ref202245" refString="Flannery, T. F., and M. Archer. 1987 c. Hypsiprymnodon bartholomaii (Potoroidae: Marsupialia), a new species from the Miocene Dwornamor Local Fauna and a reassessment of the phylogenetic position of H. moschatus. In M. Archer (editor), Possums and opossums: studies in evolution: 749 - 758. Sydney: Surrey Beatty and Sons." type="book chapter" year="1987">1987c</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE19FCD91ED5FC48" author="Flannery, T. F." box="[1042,1207,887,911]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref201919" refString="Flannery, T. F. 1989. Phylogeny of the Macropodoidea: a study in convergence. In G. G. Grigg, P. Jarman, and I. Hume (editors), Kangaroos, wallabies and ratkangaroos: 1 - 46. Sydney: Surrey Beatty and Sons." type="book chapter" year="1989">Flannery, 1989</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D8A7FC36190BFC77" author="Burk, A. & M. Westerman & M. Springer" box="[684,873,920,944]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="457 - 474" refId="ref195770" refString="Burk, A., M. Westerman, and M. Springer. 1998. The phylogenetic position of the musky rat-kangaroo and the evolution of bipedal hopping in kangaroos (Macropodidae: Diprotodontia). Systematic Biology 47 (3): 457 - 474." type="journal article" year="1998">Burk et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D97DFC361E66FC77" author="Cooke, B. N." box="[886,1028,920,944]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="239 - 253" refId="ref198230" refString="Cooke, B. N. 1999. Wanburoo hilarus gen. et sp. nov., a lophodont bulungamayine kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea: Bulungamayinae) from the Miocene deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 57: 239 - 253." type="journal article" year="1999">Cooke, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE19FC361E2BFC77" author="Cooke, B. N." box="[1042,1097,920,944]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="317 - 326" refId="ref198283" refString="Cooke, B. N. 2000. Cranial remains of a new species of balbarine kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) from the Oligo-Miocene freshwater limestone deposits of Riversleigh World Heritage area, northern Australia. Journal of Paleontology 74 (2): 317 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE5DFC37195CFC16" author="Kear, B. P. & B. N. Cooke" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="83 - 101" refId="ref210698" refString="Kear, B. P., and B. N. Cooke. 2001. A review of macropodoid (Marsupialia) systematics with the inclusion of a new family. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 25: 83 - 101." type="journal article" year="2001">Kear and Cooke, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D944FC141E71FC16" author="Kear, B. P. & B. N. Cooke & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery" box="[847,1043,953,977]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="1147 - 1167" refId="ref210900" refString="Kear, B. P., B. N. Cooke, M. Archer, and T. F. Flannery. 2007. Implications of a new species of the OligoMiocene kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) Nambaroo, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia. Journal of Paleontology 81 (6): 1147 - 1167." type="journal article" year="2007">Kear et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE28FC171910FC35" author="Prideaux and Warburton" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="954 - 987" refId="ref222372" refString="Prideaux, G. J., and N. M. Warburton. 2010. An osteology-based appraisal of the phylogeny and evolution of kangaroos and wallabies (Macropodidae: Marsupialia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159: 954 - 987." type="journal article" year="2010">Prideaux and Warburton, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, alisphenoid-parietal versus frontal-squamosal contact is highly homoplastic within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D981FBB21E69FBF3" authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[906,1035,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a whole (see char. 26) with a very low consistency index (0.071, see above), and the presence of alisphenoid-parietal contact in the fossil hypsiprymnodontid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D922FB0E1996FB7F" authorityName="Ramsay" authorityYear="1876" box="[809,1012,1184,1208]" class="Mammalia" family="Hypsiprymnodontidae" genus="Hypsiprymnodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4D922FB0E1996FB7F" box="[809,1012,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">Hypsiprymnodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
†
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DE29FB0E1EDEFB7F" baseAuthorityName="Flannery and Archer" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[1058,1212,1184,1208]" class="Mammalia" family="Hypsiprymnodontidae" genus="Hypsiprymnodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bartholomaii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C668D4DE29FB0E1EDEFB7F" box="[1058,1212,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="253" pageNumber="253">bartholomaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
indicates that this character is also homoplastic within Macropodiformes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D9C4FB4D1890FADB" author="Flannery, T. F. & M. Archer" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="759 - 767" refId="ref202183" refString="Flannery, T. F., and M. Archer. 1987 b. Bettongia moyesi, a new and plesiomorphic kangaroo (Marsupialia: Potoroidae) from Miocene sediments of northwestern Queensland. In M. Archer (editor), Possums and opossums: studies in evolution: 759 - 767. Sydney: Surrey Beatty and Sons." type="book chapter" year="1987">Flannery and Archer, 1987b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D8F5FAAA1922FADB" author="Flannery, T. F. & M. Archer" box="[766,832,1284,1308]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="749 - 758" refId="ref202245" refString="Flannery, T. F., and M. Archer. 1987 c. Hypsiprymnodon bartholomaii (Potoroidae: Marsupialia), a new species from the Miocene Dwornamor Local Fauna and a reassessment of the phylogenetic position of H. moschatus. In M. Archer (editor), Possums and opossums: studies in evolution: 749 - 758. Sydney: Surrey Beatty and Sons." type="book chapter" year="1987">1987c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D946FAAA1990FADB" author="Flannery, T. F." box="[845,1010,1284,1308]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref201919" refString="Flannery, T. F. 1989. Phylogeny of the Macropodoidea: a study in convergence. In G. G. Grigg, P. Jarman, and I. Hume (editors), Kangaroos, wallabies and ratkangaroos: 1 - 46. Sydney: Surrey Beatty and Sons." type="book chapter" year="1989">Flannery, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE0BFAAA1EDBFADB" author="Burk, A. & M. Westerman & M. Springer" box="[1024,1209,1284,1308]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="457 - 474" refId="ref195770" refString="Burk, A., M. Westerman, and M. Springer. 1998. The phylogenetic position of the musky rat-kangaroo and the evolution of bipedal hopping in kangaroos (Macropodidae: Diprotodontia). Systematic Biology 47 (3): 457 - 474." type="journal article" year="1998">Burk et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D8A7FA8B1957FAFA" author="Cooke, B. N." box="[684,821,1317,1341]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="239 - 253" refId="ref198230" refString="Cooke, B. N. 1999. Wanburoo hilarus gen. et sp. nov., a lophodont bulungamayine kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea: Bulungamayinae) from the Miocene deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 57: 239 - 253." type="journal article" year="1999">Cooke, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D934FA8B1917FAFA" author="Cooke, B. N." box="[831,885,1317,1341]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="317 - 326" refId="ref198283" refString="Cooke, B. N. 2000. Cranial remains of a new species of balbarine kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) from the Oligo-Miocene freshwater limestone deposits of Riversleigh World Heritage area, northern Australia. Journal of Paleontology 74 (2): 317 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D974FA8B1E52FAFA" author="Kear, B. P. & B. N. Cooke & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery" box="[895,1072,1317,1341]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="1147 - 1167" refId="ref210900" refString="Kear, B. P., B. N. Cooke, M. Archer, and T. F. Flannery. 2007. Implications of a new species of the OligoMiocene kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) Nambaroo, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia. Journal of Paleontology 81 (6): 1147 - 1167." type="journal article" year="2007">Kear et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Presence of well-developed lophs connecting the principal labial and lingual cusps of the upper molars also optimizes as a synapomorphy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4DE13FA261EDBFA67" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1048,1209,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as does presence of a midlink, but this may be influenced by our decision to enforce monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D8C0FA451908F9C4" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[715,874,1515,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D980FA451E63F9C4" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[907,1025,1515,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Potoroidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Potoroidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the exclusion of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D8C6F9A21921F9E3" authorityName="Kear and Cooke" authorityYear="2001" box="[717,835,1548,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Balbaridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Balbaridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which are also fully lophodont and have a midlink; see chars. 144, 145 and Ҡ
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C668D4D8C9F9E01923F9A1" authorityName="Kear and Cooke" authorityYear="2001" box="[706,833,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Balbaridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Balbaridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
” above). Nevertheless,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4DE79F9E0189AF94F" author="Cooke, B. N." pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="269 - 280" refId="ref198121" refString="Cooke, B. N. 1997 a. Two new balbarine kangaroos and lower molar evolution within the subfamily. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 41 (2): 269 - 280." type="journal article" year="1997">Cooke (1997a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D903F9C1192EF940" author="Cooke, B. N." box="[776,844,1647,1671]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" pagination="281 - 294" refId="ref198156" refString="Cooke, B. N. 1997 b. New Miocene bulungamayine kangaroos (Marsupialia: Potoroidae) from Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 41 (2): 281 - 294." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
1997
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C668D4D935F9C1192EF940" author="Cooke, B. N." box="[830,844,1647,1671]" pageId="253" pageNumber="253" refId="ref198194" refString="Cooke, B. N. 1997 c. Researches into fossil kangaroos and kangaroo evolution. Ph. D. dissertation, School of Biological Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney." type="book" year="1997">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1997c) presented evidence that macropodids and balbarids did indeed independently acquire fully lophodont molars.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF393CC3F6C568D7DA67F9DD1ABAF903" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6971477" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6971477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6971477/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="254" startId="254.[108,149,1651,1672]" targetBox="[162,1169,229,1616]" targetPageId="254">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C568D7DA67F9DD1ABAF903" blockId="254.[108,1212,1649,1732]" pageId="254" pageNumber="254">
|
||
FIG. 53.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C568D7DAC9F9DF1BFDF94E" baseAuthorityName="Peron & Lesueur" baseAuthorityYear="1807" box="[194,415,1649,1673]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Lagostrophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="254" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C568D7DAC9F9DF1BFDF94E" box="[194,415,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="254">Lagostrophus fasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C568D7DBA7F9DF1823F94E" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[428,577,1649,1673]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="254" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Diprotodontia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C568D7D841F9DF18BDF94E" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[586,735,1649,1673]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="254" pageNumber="254" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; based on WAM M-6791, a subadult male from Western Australia, with the adult dentition reconstructed from WAM M-3635, an adult female from Western Australia).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C468D6DA87FF4C1879FCCC" blockId="255.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">
|
||
Our dated analysis placed the fossil terminals †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DA72FEAD1A80FEDD" authorityName="Cooke" authorityYear="1997" box="[121,226,259,282]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Ganguroo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DA72FEAD1A80FEDD" box="[121,226,259,282]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Ganguroo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DB0BFEAD1BEBFEDC" authorityName="Woodburne" authorityYear="1967" box="[256,393,259,283]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Hadronomas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DB0BFEAD1BEBFEDC" box="[256,393,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Hadronomas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DBD3FEAD181EFEDC" authorityName="Kear" authorityYear="2002" box="[472,636,259,283]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Rhizosthenurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DBD3FEAD181EFEDC" box="[472,636,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Rhizosthenurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within total-clade
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DB38FE8A1BADFEFB" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[307,463,292,316]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
but outside the crown clade (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DB05FEEB1BF4FE9A" authority="Macropodinae" authorityName="Macropodinae" box="[270,406,325,349]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Lagostrophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DB05FEEB1BF4FE9A" box="[270,406,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Lagostrophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+ Macropodinae). Of these, †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DAB0FEC81B21FEB9" authorityName="Woodburne" authorityYear="1967" box="[187,323,358,382]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Hadronomas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DAB0FEC81B21FEB9" box="[187,323,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Hadronomas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DB88FEC81846FEB9" authorityName="Kear" authorityYear="2002" box="[387,548,358,382]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Rhizosthenurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DB88FEC81846FEB9" box="[387,548,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Rhizosthenurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are currently recognized as plesiomorphic members of the extinct macropodid subfamily †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DBFCFE06181EFE07" authorityName="Glauert" authorityYear="1926" box="[503,636,424,448]" pageId="255" pageNumber="274" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sthenurinae">Sthenurinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DA78FE671B67FE26" author="Murray, P. F." box="[115,261,457,481]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="255 - 283" refId="ref218566" refString="Murray, P. F. 1991. The sthenurine affinity of the late Miocene kangaroo, Hadronomas puckridgi Woodburne (Marsupialia, Macropodidae). Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 15: 255 - 283." type="journal article" year="1991">Murray, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DB04FE671B26FE26" author="Murray, P. F." box="[271,324,457,481]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="119 - 170" refId="ref218647" refString="Murray, P. F. 1995. The postcranial skeleton of the Miocene kangaroo, Hadronomas puckridgi Woodburne (Marsupialia, Macropodidae). Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 19: 119 - 170." type="journal article" year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DB45FE641859FE26" author="Kear, B. P. & B. N. Cooke" box="[334,571,457,481]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="83 - 101" refId="ref210698" refString="Kear, B. P., and B. N. Cooke. 2001. A review of macropodoid (Marsupialia) systematics with the inclusion of a new family. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 25: 83 - 101." type="journal article" year="2001">Kear and Cooke, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D84DFE641AC0FDC5" author="Kear, B. P." pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="299 - 318" refId="ref210654" refString="Kear, B. P. 2002. Phylogenetic implications of macropodid (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) postcranial remains from Miocene deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 26 (2): 299 - 318." type="journal article" year="2002">Kear, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DABBFE441B3AFDC5" author="Kirkham, Z." box="[176,344,490,514]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" refId="ref211252" refString="Kirkham, Z. 2004. The cranial description of the primitive macropodid Rhizosthenurus flanneryi and its phylogeny based on cranial and postcranial characters. Honours thesis, School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney." type="book" year="2004">Kirkham, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DB6DFE44186FFDC5" author="Prideaux" box="[358,525,490,514]" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 622" refId="ref222186" refString="Prideaux, G. J. 2004. Systematics and evolution of the sthenurine kangaroos. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 146: 1 - 622." type="journal article" year="2004">Prideaux, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D810FE441B35FDE4" author="Prideaux and Warburton" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="954 - 987" refId="ref222372" refString="Prideaux, G. J., and N. M. Warburton. 2010. An osteology-based appraisal of the phylogeny and evolution of kangaroos and wallabies (Macropodidae: Marsupialia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159: 954 - 987." type="journal article" year="2010">Prideaux and Warburton, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which achieved considerable diversity during the Plio-Pleistocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D821FD821AABFDA2" author="Long, J. A. & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery & S. J. Hand" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" refId="ref213561" refString="Long, J. A., M. Archer, T. F. Flannery, and S. J. Hand. 2002. Prehistoric mammals of Australia and New Guinea: one hundred million years of evolution, Sydney: UNSW Press." type="book" year="2002">Long et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DADEFDE31B18FDA2" author="Prideaux" box="[213,378,589,613]" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 622" refId="ref222186" refString="Prideaux, G. J. 2004. Systematics and evolution of the sthenurine kangaroos. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 146: 1 - 622." type="journal article" year="2004">Prideaux, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DB8CFDE31AB0FD40" author="Prideaux and Warburton" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="954 - 987" refId="ref222372" refString="Prideaux, G. J., and N. M. Warburton. 2010. An osteology-based appraisal of the phylogeny and evolution of kangaroos and wallabies (Macropodidae: Marsupialia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159: 954 - 987." type="journal article" year="2010">Prideaux and Warburton, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DAD7FDC01BFCFD41" author="Black, K. H. & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & H. Godthelp" box="[220,414,622,646]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="983 - 1078" refId="ref194115" refString="Black, K. H., M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 2012 b. The rise of Australian marsupials: a synopsis of biostratigraphic, phylogenetic, palaeoecologic and palaeobiogeographic understanding. In J. A. Talent (editor), Earth and life: global biodiversity, extinction intervals and biogeographic perturbations through time: 983 - 1078. Dordrecht: Springer Verlag." type="book chapter" year="2012">Black et al., 2012b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DBA3FDC11ABBFD6F" author="Couzens, A. M. C. & G. J. Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="72 - 75" refId="ref198662" refString="Couzens, A. M. C., and G. J. Prideaux. 2018. Rapid Pliocene adaptive radiation of modern kangaroos. Science 362: 72 - 75." type="journal article" year="2018">Couzens and Prideaux, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The placement of †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DBC9FD211829FD60" authorityName="Woodburne" authorityYear="1967" box="[450,587,655,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Hadronomas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DBC9FD211829FD60" box="[450,587,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Hadronomas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DA71FD1E1B43FD0F" authorityName="Kear" authorityYear="2002" box="[122,289,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Rhizosthenurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DA71FD1E1B43FD0F" box="[122,289,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Rhizosthenurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a clade that falls outside crown-clade
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DB0AFD7C1BC3FD2D" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[257,417,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
here is congruent with their membership in †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DB9AFD5D1875FCCC" authorityName="Glauert" authorityYear="1926" box="[401,535,755,779]" pageId="255" pageNumber="274" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sthenurinae">Sthenurinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C468D6DA86FCBA1BD4F982" blockId="255.[108,638,226,1738]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">
|
||
Within the macropodid crown clade, we found
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DAB1FC9B1B2BFC8A" box="[186,329,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Lagostrophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DAB1FC9B1B2BFC8A" box="[186,329,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Lagostrophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the only extant lagostrophine) to be sister to our remaining terminals (which collectively comprise Macropodinae). By contrast, other studies have placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DBFAFC36181CFC77" box="[497,638,920,944]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Lagostrophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DBFAFC36181CFC77" box="[497,638,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Lagostrophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a clade with sthenurines (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DBC3FC171815FC16" author="Flannery, T. F." box="[456,631,953,977]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="15 - 28" refId="ref201783" refString="Flannery, T. F. 1983. Revision in the subfamily Sthenurinae (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) and the relationships of the species of Troposodon and Lagostrophus. Australian Mammalogy 6: 15 - 28." type="journal article" year="1983">Flannery, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DA67FC741AC1FC35" author="Flannery, T. F." box="[108,163,986,1010]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref201919" refString="Flannery, T. F. 1989. Phylogeny of the Macropodoidea: a study in convergence. In G. G. Grigg, P. Jarman, and I. Hume (editors), Kangaroos, wallabies and ratkangaroos: 1 - 46. Sydney: Surrey Beatty and Sons." type="book chapter" year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DABBFC741BE6FC35" author="Llamas, B." box="[176,388,986,1010]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="574 - 584" refId="ref213523" refString="Llamas, B., et al. 2015. Late Pleistocene Australian marsupial DNA clarifies the affinities of extinct megafaunal kangaroos and wallabies. Molecular Biology and Evolution 32 (3): 574 - 584." type="journal article" year="2015">Llamas et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1c;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DBEFFC741AC1FBD4" author="Cascini, M. & K. J. Mitchell & A. Cooper & M. J. Phillips" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="520 - 537" refId="ref196727" refString="Cascini, M., K. J. Mitchell, A. Cooper, and M. J. Phillips. 2019. Reconstructing the evolution of giant extinct kangaroos: Comparing the utility of DNA, morphology, and total evidence. Systematic Biology 68 (3): 520 - 537." type="journal article" year="2019">Cascini et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or outside †Sthenurine + Macropodinae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DA78FBB21BB5FBF3" author="Prideaux and Warburton" box="[115,471,1052,1076]" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="954 - 987" refId="ref222372" refString="Prideaux, G. J., and N. M. Warburton. 2010. An osteology-based appraisal of the phylogeny and evolution of kangaroos and wallabies (Macropodidae: Marsupialia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159: 954 - 987." type="journal article" year="2010">Prideaux and Warburton, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DBEDFBB21B6AFB92" author="Prideaux and Tedford" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="717 - 721" refId="ref222215" refString="Prideaux, G. J., and R. H. Tedford. 2012. Tjukuru wellsi, gen. et sp. nov., a lagostrophine kangaroo (Diprotodontia, Macropodidae) from the Pliocene (Tirarian) of northern South Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32 (3): 717 - 721." type="journal article" year="2012">Prideaux and Tedford, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DB1EFB931B8BFB92" author="Llamas, B." box="[277,489,1085,1109]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="574 - 584" refId="ref213523" refString="Llamas, B., et al. 2015. Late Pleistocene Australian marsupial DNA clarifies the affinities of extinct megafaunal kangaroos and wallabies. Molecular Biology and Evolution 32 (3): 574 - 584." type="journal article" year="2015">Llamas et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1a). The topology found here may be the result of our use of the Fossilized Birth Death model (see Dated Total-Evidence Analysis in the Discussion section for more detail), with †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DBABFB6C1827FB1D" authorityName="Kear" authorityYear="2002" box="[416,581,1218,1242]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Rhizosthenurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DBABFB6C1827FB1D" box="[416,581,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Rhizosthenurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(late Miocene) and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DB2FFB4D1BD3FB3C" authorityName="Woodburne" authorityYear="1967" box="[292,433,1251,1275]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Hadronomas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DB2FFB4D1BD3FB3C" box="[292,433,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Hadronomas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(late Miocene or earliest Pliocene) recovered as branching deeper within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DAB6FA8B1B3EFAFA" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[189,348,1317,1341]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
than the extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6D813FA881AFCFA99" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Lagostrophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6D813FA881AFCFA99" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Lagostrophus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This hypothesis could be tested by inclusion of younger sthenurines or older lagostrophines; however, whereas well-preserved remains of sthenurines are known from the Pleistocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DAF3FA641BC7FA25" author="Prideaux" box="[248,421,1482,1506]" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 622" refId="ref222186" refString="Prideaux, G. J. 2004. Systematics and evolution of the sthenurine kangaroos. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 146: 1 - 622." type="journal article" year="2004">Prideaux, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the oldest known lagostrophine (the Pliocene †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DBB2FA451835F9C4" authorityName="Prideaux & Tedford" authorityYear="2012" box="[441,599,1515,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Tjukuru" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wellsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DBB2FA451835F9C4" box="[441,599,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Tjukuru wellsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is known only from a single partial lower jaw (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DA78F9831BC8F982" author="Prideaux and Tedford" box="[115,426,1581,1605]" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="717 - 721" refId="ref222215" refString="Prideaux, G. J., and R. H. Tedford. 2012. Tjukuru wellsi, gen. et sp. nov., a lagostrophine kangaroo (Diprotodontia, Macropodidae) from the Pliocene (Tirarian) of northern South Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32 (3): 717 - 721." type="journal article" year="2012">Prideaux and Tedford, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6C468D6DA87F9E11E21FADB" blockId="255.[108,638,226,1738]" lastBlockId="255.[684,1214,226,1311]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">
|
||
As discussed above (see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DBB0F9E0183CF9A1" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[443,606,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DA67F9C11A89F940" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[108,235,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Potoroidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Potoroidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the oldest known macropodids appear to be the “bulungamayines” †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6D813F93E1AC5F90E" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Bulungamaya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6D813F93E1AC5F90E" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Bulungamaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DACFF91C1B4BF90D" authorityName="Butler, Travouillon, Price, Archer & Hand" authorityYear="2016" box="[196,297,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Cookeroo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DACFF91C1B4BF90D" box="[196,297,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Cookeroo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DB4DF91C1BD2F90E" authorityName="Cooke" authorityYear="1997" box="[326,432,1714,1737]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Ganguroo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DB4DF91C1BD2F90E" box="[326,432,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Ganguroo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6D80BF91C1814F90D" authorityName="Archer" authorityYear="1979" box="[512,630,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Wabularoo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6D80BF91C1814F90D" box="[512,630,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Wabularoo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are known from the late Oligocene (Faunal Zone A) sites at Riversleigh World Heritage Area (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8E4FE8A19EBFEFB" author="Cooke, B. N." box="[751,905,292,316]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="281 - 294" refId="ref198156" refString="Cooke, B. N. 1997 b. New Miocene bulungamayine kangaroos (Marsupialia: Potoroidae) from Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 41 (2): 281 - 294." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Cooke, 1997
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D970FE8A19EBFEFB" author="Cooke, B. N." box="[891,905,292,316]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" refId="ref198194" refString="Cooke, B. N. 1997 c. Researches into fossil kangaroos and kangaroo evolution. Ph. D. dissertation, School of Biological Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney." type="book" year="1997">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1997
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D9C1FE8A1E7AFEFB" author="Fox, R. C. & B. G. Naylor" box="[970,1048,292,316]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="13 - 36" refId="ref203845" refString="Fox, R. C., and B. G. Naylor. 2006. Stagodontid marsupials from the Late Cretaceous of Canada and their systematic and functional implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51 (1): 13 - 36." type="journal article" year="2006">c, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE28FE8A197EFE9A" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="20" refId="ref230732" refString="Travouillon, K. J., B. N. Cooke, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2014 b. Revision of basal macropodids from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area with descriptions of new material of Ganguroo bilamina Cooke, 1997 and a new species. Palaeontologia Electronica 17 (1): 20 A." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="b">Travouillon et al., 2014b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D921FEEB199AFE9A" author="Butler, K. & K. J. Travouillon & G. J. Price & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[810,1016,325,349]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1083029" refId="ref195985" refString="Butler, K., K. J. Travouillon, G. J. Price, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2016. Cookeroo, a new genus of fossil kangaroo (Marsupialia, Macropodidae) from the Oligo-Miocene of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36 (3): e 1083029." type="journal article" year="2016">Butler et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE0DFEEB1E22FE9A" author="Butler, K. & K. J. Travouillon & G. J. Price & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[1030,1088,325,349]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="25 - 36" refId="ref196051" refString="Butler, K., K. J. Travouillon, G. J. Price, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2017. Species abundance, richness and body size evolution of kangaroos (Marsupialia: Macropodiformes) throughout the Oligo-Miocene of Australia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 487: 25 - 36." type="journal article" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, these taxa consistently fall outside crown-clade
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6D8A7FE291929FE58" baseAuthorityName="sensu Kear and Cooke" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[684,843,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as found for †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6D9FFFE291E3CFE59" authorityName="Cooke" authorityYear="1997" box="[1012,1118,391,414]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Ganguroo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6D9FFFE291E3CFE59" box="[1012,1118,391,414]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Ganguroo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
here) in published analyses (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D998FE061E06FE07" author="Kear, B. P. & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery" box="[915,1124,424,448]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="103 - 122" refId="ref210791" refString="Kear, B. P., M. Archer, and T. F. Flannery. 2001 a. Bulungamayine (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) postcranial remains from the late Miocene of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Memoir of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 25: 103 - 122." type="journal article" year="2001">Kear et al., 2001a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE7FFE061EDBFE07" author="Kear, B. P. & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery" box="[1140,1209,424,448]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="123 - 138" refId="ref210843" refString="Kear, B. P., M. Archer, and T. F. Flannery. 2001 b. Postcranial morphology of Ganguroo bilamina Cooke, 1997 (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) from the middle Miocene of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Memoir of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 25: 123 - 138." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
2001
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DEA0FE061EDBFE07" author="Kear, B. P. & B. N. Cooke & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery" box="[1195,1209,424,448]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1147 - 1167" refId="ref210900" refString="Kear, B. P., B. N. Cooke, M. Archer, and T. F. Flannery. 2007. Implications of a new species of the OligoMiocene kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) Nambaroo, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia. Journal of Paleontology 81 (6): 1147 - 1167." type="journal article" year="2007">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2007;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8FAFE641990FE26" author="Kear, B. P. & B. N. Cooke" box="[753,1010,457,481]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="83 - 101" refId="ref210698" refString="Kear, B. P., and B. N. Cooke. 2001. A review of macropodoid (Marsupialia) systematics with the inclusion of a new family. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 25: 83 - 101." type="journal article" year="2001">Kear and Cooke, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE0BFE641E18FE26" author="Kear, B. P." box="[1024,1146,457,481]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="299 - 318" refId="ref210654" refString="Kear, B. P. 2002. Phylogenetic implications of macropodid (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) postcranial remains from Miocene deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 26 (2): 299 - 318." type="journal article" year="2002">Kear, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE83FE64191EFDC5" author="Kear, B. P. & N. S. Pledge" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="331 - 339" refId="ref210743" refString="Kear, B. P., and N. S. Pledge. 2008. A new fossil kangaroo from the Oligocene-Miocene Etadunna Formation of Ngama Quarry, Lake Palankarinna, South Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 55 (6): 331 - 339." type="journal article" year="2008">Kear and Pledge, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D985FE441881FDE4" author="Prideaux and Warburton" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="954 - 987" refId="ref222372" refString="Prideaux, G. J., and N. M. Warburton. 2010. An osteology-based appraisal of the phylogeny and evolution of kangaroos and wallabies (Macropodidae: Marsupialia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159: 954 - 987." type="journal article" year="2010">Prideaux and Warburton, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8FBFDA51E4EFDE4" author="Prideaux and Tedford" box="[752,1068,523,547]" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="717 - 721" refId="ref222215" refString="Prideaux, G. J., and R. H. Tedford. 2012. Tjukuru wellsi, gen. et sp. nov., a lagostrophine kangaroo (Diprotodontia, Macropodidae) from the Pliocene (Tirarian) of northern South Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32 (3): 717 - 721." type="journal article" year="2012">Prideaux and Tedford, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE32FDA5188DFD83" author="Black, K. H." pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="112705" refId="ref194351" refString="Black, K. H., et al. 2014 c. A new species of the basal " kangaroo " Balbaroo and a re-evaluation of stem macropodiform interrelationships. PLoS One 9 (11): e 112705." type="journal article" year="2014">Black et al., 2014c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8F7FD8219F4FD83" author="Phillips" box="[764,918,556,580]" firstAuthor="Phillips" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref221176" refString="Phillips, M. J. 2015. Four mammal fossil calibrations: balancing competing palaeontological and molecular considerations. Palaeontologia Electronica 18.1.5 FC: 1 - 16." type="book chapter" year="2015">Phillips, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D9AFFD821EDAFD83" author="Travouillon" box="[932,1208,556,580]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="20" refId="ref230732" refString="Travouillon, K. J., B. N. Cooke, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2014 b. Revision of basal macropodids from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area with descriptions of new material of Ganguroo bilamina Cooke, 1997 and a new species. Palaeontologia Electronica 17 (1): 20 A." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="b">Travouillon et al., 2014b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8A7FDE3188DFDA2" author="Travouillon" box="[684,751,589,613]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="274 - 286" refId="ref230795" refString="Travouillon, K. J., M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015 a. Revision of Wabularoo, an early macropodid kangaroo from mid-Cenozoic deposits of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 39 (2): 274 - 286." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
2015
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8E8FDE3188DFDA2" author="a" box="[739,751,589,613]" firstAuthor="a" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="602 - 611" refId="ref236085" refString="Wright, A. M., G. T. Lloyd, and D. M. Hillis. 2016. Modeling character change heterogeneity in phylogenetic analyses of morphology through the use of priors. Systematic Biology 65 (4): 602 - 611." type="journal article" year="2016">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2016;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D936FDE31E63FDA2" author="Butler, K. & K. J. Travouillon & G. J. Price & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[829,1025,589,613]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1083029" refId="ref195985" refString="Butler, K., K. J. Travouillon, G. J. Price, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2016. Cookeroo, a new genus of fossil kangaroo (Marsupialia, Macropodidae) from the Oligo-Miocene of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 36 (3): e 1083029." type="journal article" year="2016">Butler et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE06FDE31E21FDA2" author="Butler, K. & K. J. Travouillon & G. Price & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[1037,1091,589,613]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref196113" refString="Butler, K., K. J. Travouillon, G. Price, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2018. Revision of Oligo-Miocene kangaroos, Ganawamaya and Nambaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodiformes, Balbaridae). Palaeontologia Electronica 21.1.8 A: 1 - 58." type="book chapter" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE44FDE3196DFD40" author="Cascini, M. & K. J. Mitchell & A. Cooper & M. J. Phillips" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="520 - 537" refId="ref196727" refString="Cascini, M., K. J. Mitchell, A. Cooper, and M. J. Phillips. 2019. Reconstructing the evolution of giant extinct kangaroos: Comparing the utility of DNA, morphology, and total evidence. Systematic Biology 68 (3): 520 - 537." type="journal article" year="2019">Cascini et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Thus, they do not provide insight on the timing of divergences within the macropodid crown clade (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D942FD1E1989FD0F" author="Phillips" box="[841,1003,688,712]" firstAuthor="Phillips" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref221176" refString="Phillips, M. J. 2015. Four mammal fossil calibrations: balancing competing palaeontological and molecular considerations. Palaeontologia Electronica 18.1.5 FC: 1 - 16." type="book chapter" year="2015">Phillips, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We estimate the split between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6D94BFD7C198AFD2D" box="[832,1000,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lagostrophinae">Lagostrophinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Macropodinae to have occurred during the middle or late Miocene, with Macropodinae beginning to radiate during the late Miocene. These estimated dates are congruent with the known fossil record (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8B8FCD9198DFC48" author="Couzens, A. M. C. & G. J. Prideaux" box="[691,1007,887,911]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="72 - 75" refId="ref198662" refString="Couzens, A. M. C., and G. J. Prideaux. 2018. Rapid Pliocene adaptive radiation of modern kangaroos. Science 362: 72 - 75." type="journal article" year="2018">Couzens and Prideaux, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): the oldest crownclade macropodid currently known is probably the fossil dorcopsin macropodine †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6C468D6DE3BFC171891FC35" authorityName="Woodburne" authorityYear="1967" class="Mammalia" family="Macropodidae" genus="Dorcopsoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fossilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6C468D6DE3BFC171891FC35" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Dorcopsoides fossilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the late Miocene Alcoota Local Fauna in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4982A2A9F6C468D6D94CFC551E7CFBD4" box="[839,1054,1019,1043]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="255" pageNumber="255">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE24FC551881FBF3" author="Woodburne" firstAuthor="Woodburne" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 187" refId="ref234866" refString="Woodburne, M. O. 1967. The Alcoota Fauna, central Australia. Bulletin of the Bureau of Mineral Resources Geology and Geophysics, Australia 87: 1 - 187." type="journal article" year="1967">Woodburne, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8FBFBB21E2CFBF3" author="Prideaux and Warburton" box="[752,1102,1052,1076]" firstAuthor="Prideaux" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="954 - 987" refId="ref222372" refString="Prideaux, G. J., and N. M. Warburton. 2010. An osteology-based appraisal of the phylogeny and evolution of kangaroos and wallabies (Macropodidae: Marsupialia). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159: 954 - 987." type="journal article" year="2010">Prideaux and Warburton, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE50FBB21971FB92" author="Butler, K. & K. J. Travouillon & G. Price & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref196113" refString="Butler, K., K. J. Travouillon, G. Price, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2018. Revision of Oligo-Miocene kangaroos, Ganawamaya and Nambaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodiformes, Balbaridae). Palaeontologia Electronica 21.1.8 A: 1 - 58." type="book chapter" year="2018">Butler et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
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||
). They are also broadly similar (but overall somewhat younger) to dates from recent molecular- and total-evidence clock analyses (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8B8FB0E19D8FB7E" author="Meredith, R. W. & M. Westerman & M. S. Springer" box="[691,954,1184,1209]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="554 - 571" refId="ref216642" refString="Meredith, R. W., M. Westerman, and M. S. Springer. 2009 a. A phylogeny of Diprotodontia (Marsupialia) based on sequences for five nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 51 (3): 554 - 571." type="journal article" year="2009">Meredith et al., 2009a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D9C1FB0E1E72FB7F" author="Meredith, R. W. & M. Westerman & M. S. Springer" box="[970,1040,1184,1208]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="395 - 410" refId="ref216691" refString="Meredith, R. W., M. Westerman, and M. S. Springer. 2009 b. A phylogeny and timescale for the living genera of kangaroos and kin (Macropodiformes: Marsupialia) based on nuclear DNA sequences. Australian Journal of Zoology 56: 395 - 410." type="journal article" year="2009">2009b</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE2BFB0E1880FB1E" author="Llamas, B." pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="574 - 584" refId="ref213523" refString="Llamas, B., et al. 2015. Late Pleistocene Australian marsupial DNA clarifies the affinities of extinct megafaunal kangaroos and wallabies. Molecular Biology and Evolution 32 (3): 574 - 584." type="journal article" year="2015">Llamas et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8E7FB6C19A2FB1D" author="Mitchell, K. J." box="[748,960,1218,1242]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="2322 - 2330" refId="ref217043" refString="Mitchell, K. J., et al. 2014. Molecular phylogeny, biogeography, and habitat preference evolution of marsupials. Molecular Biology and Evolution 31 (9): 2322 - 2330." type="journal article" year="2014">Mitchell et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D9C1FB6C1E1FFB1D" author="Dodt, W. G. & S. Gallus & M. J. Phillips & M. A. Nilsson" box="[970,1149,1218,1242]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="16811" refId="ref200293" refString="Dodt, W. G., S. Gallus, M. J. Phillips, and M. A. Nilsson. 2017. Resolving kangaroo phylogeny and overcoming retrotransposon ascertainment bias. Scientific Reports 7 (1): 16811." type="journal article" year="2017">Dodt et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE8CFB6C1936FB3C" author="Nilsson" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nilsson" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="33 - 44" refId="ref219438" refString="Nilsson, M. A., Y. Zheng, V. Kumar, M. J. Phillips, and A. Janke. 2018. Speciation generates mosaic genomes in kangaroos. Genome Biology and Evolution 10 (1): 33 - 44." type="journal article" year="2018">Nilsson et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D96BFB4D1E51FB3C" author="Cascini, M. & K. J. Mitchell & A. Cooper & M. J. Phillips" box="[864,1075,1251,1275]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="520 - 537" refId="ref196727" refString="Cascini, M., K. J. Mitchell, A. Cooper, and M. J. Phillips. 2019. Reconstructing the evolution of giant extinct kangaroos: Comparing the utility of DNA, morphology, and total evidence. Systematic Biology 68 (3): 520 - 537." type="journal article" year="2019">Cascini et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6DE34FB4D1886FADB" author="Celik, M." pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="793 - 812" refId="ref196981" refString="Celik, M., et al. 2019. A molecular and morphometric assessment of the systematics of the Macropus complex clarifies the tempo and mode of kangaroo evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 186: 793 - 812." type="journal article" year="2019">Celik et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6C468D6D8FBFAAA1E55FADB" author="Alvarez-Carretero, S." box="[752,1079,1284,1311]" pageId="255" pageNumber="255" pagination="263 - 267" refId="ref188636" refString="Alvarez-Carretero, S., et al. 2021. A species-level timeline of mammal evolution integrating phylogenomic data. Nature 602: 263 - 267." type="journal article" year="2021">Álvarez-Carretero et al., 2021</bibRefCitation>
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).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |