122 lines
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122 lines
14 KiB
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<document id="A2F4BBEC6B4EBF85B14BBA772799B531" ID-CLB-Dataset="20350" ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0057039" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fcefd797-1d3e-43c6-ad6e-8550a33e9199" ID-PMC="PMC3579775" ID-PubMed="23451138" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6338572" IM.bibliography_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1646763225922" checkinUser="jonas" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra, Vorontsova, Maria S. & Prohens, Jaime" docDate="2013" docId="03809C4EFFC7FFDDFCDFFDEAFB641891" docLanguage="en" docName="PLoSONE.8.2.e57039.pdf" docOrigin="PLoS ONE 8 (2)" docTitle="Solanum rigidum Lam." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFB9E436FFCEFFD4FF8EFFABFFB01C62" masterDocTitle="Wild Relatives of the Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.: Solanaceae): New Understanding of Species Names in a Complex Group" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1699317470283" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="603F8783A45E8E4F83E1EEC5DFED3B5E">Wild Relatives of the Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.: Solanaceae): New Understanding of Species Names in a Complex Group</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="81114232F277EAD0AC4CC26749529951" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1E2DD8C0F669893D64F3090F7D0B768F">Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="49969AFC076619137500DE2EA3D311CF">Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="717AFA1B613C5474501E9123F7DF6086" type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac. uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A18E33584738C579DD410B8078B210CF">Vorontsova, Maria S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A90A260D799E119D56D994BAE7174259">Herbarium, Library, Art and Archives, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7EA635E0576F6F606DA2239A6C7CE506">Prohens, Jaime</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FDB802055093B84548D3D5B0587B254C">Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FFAC59A3BD38377245DDD52FF2361808">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="68CDFAD4EA2972E2CBD6C88527067DA5">PLoS ONE</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="98C8DF76E70CF8F7288286E61C23EABD">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ED0ADED2ED52C688F22C36215ADC1C96">2013-02-22</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E9A337B7347829A31D0B140BEE2816DE">8</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="33A70F04AB5E5E3F5D703ACA66A560C5" type="DOI">10.1371/journal.pone.0057039</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03809C4EFFC7FFDDFCDFFDEAFB641891" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6339102" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193889180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6339102" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03809C4EFFC7FFDDFCDFFDEAFB641891" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03809C4EFFC7FFDDFCDFFDEAFB641891" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="C3337ED3FFC7FFDDFCDFFDEAFAEC1E34" box="[849,1372,576,598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B962D58FFC7FFDDFCDFFDEAFAEC1E34" blockId="9.[849,1412,576,631]" box="[849,1372,576,598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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9.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2956DBFFC7FFDDFCE6FDEBFBE01E34" ID-CoL="5RK8F" authority="Lam." authorityName="Lam." box="[872,1104,576,598]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidum">
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Solanum rigidum
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<bibCitation id="5E032534FFC7FFDDFB94FDEBFBE01E34" author="Lam." box="[1050,1104,576,598]" journal="Tabl. Encycl." page="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" volume="2" year="1794">Lam.</bibCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Tabl. Encycl. 2: 23. 1794.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3337ED3FFC7FFDDFCE6FDCAFA341E15" box="[872,1412,609,631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B962D58FFC7FFDDFCE6FDCAFA341E15" blockId="9.[849,1412,576,631]" box="[872,1412,609,631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB390A76FFC7FFDDFCE6FDCAFA341E15" box="[872,1412,609,631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A880B49FFC7FFDDFCE6FDCAFA341E15" author="Poir." box="[872,1412,609,631]" page="303" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1797">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2956DBFFC7FFDDFCE6FDCAFB8F1E15" ID-CoL="4Y323" authority="Poir." authorityName="Poir." box="[872,1087,609,631]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolium">
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<emphasis id="B95DF14AFFC7FFDDFCE6FDCAFBB61E15" box="[872,1030,609,631]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Solanum latifolium</emphasis>
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<bibCitation id="5E032534FFC7FFDDFB80FDCAFB8F1E15" author="Poir." box="[1038,1087,609,631]" journal="Encycl. (Lamarck)" page="303" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" volume="4" year="1797">Poir.</bibCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Encycl. (Lamarck) 4: 303. 1797.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3337ED3FFC7FFDDFCEEFD38FBF71F7A" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B962D58FFC7FFDDFCEEFD38FBF71F7A" blockId="9.[840,1478,659,1267]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Distribution. Endemic to the Cape Verde Islands; a few old collections known from Barbados and Antigua were probably introduced via ships carrying enslaved Africans from the Cape Verdes to the Caribbean; found along washes and at roadsides, sea level to
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<quantity id="4CD180BDFFC7FFDDFC18FCA9FC511F7A" box="[918,993,770,792]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
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elevation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3337ED3FFC7FFDDFCEEFCB4FB641891" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B962D58FFC7FFDDFCEEFCB4FB641891" blockId="9.[840,1478,659,1267]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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This species has long been known as
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<taxonomicName id="4C2956DBFFC7FFDDFB6FFCB5FAD51F57" authority="L." authorityName="L." box="[1249,1381,798,821]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscatum">
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<emphasis id="B95DF14AFFC7FFDDFB6FFCB5FAF41F56" box="[1249,1348,798,820]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. fuscatum</emphasis>
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L.
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</taxonomicName>
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, and was thought to be an American species introduced to the Cape Verde Islands [
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB850A9FFC7FFDDFC15FCFDFC091F0E" author="Goncalves AE" box="[923,953,854,876]" editor="Martins ES & Diniz MA & Paiva J & Gomes I, Gomes S" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="5 - 74" part="71" refId="ref12134" refString="60. Goncalves AE (2002) Solanaceae. In: Martins ES, Diniz MA, Paiva J, Gomes I, Gomes S, editors. Flora do Cabo Verde 71: 5 - 74." title="Solanaceae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Flora do Cabo Verde" year="2002">60</bibRefCitation>
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].
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<taxonomicName id="4C2956DBFFC7FFDDFC42FCFDFBD51F0E" box="[972,1125,854,876]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fuscatum">
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<emphasis id="B95DF14AFFC7FFDDFC42FCFDFBD51F0E" box="[972,1125,854,876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Solanum fuscatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a name of uncertain application [
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB850A9FFC7FFDDFCC0FCD9FCD91FEA" author="Knapp S & Jarvis CE" box="[846,873,882,904]" journalOrPublisher="Bot J Linn Soc" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="325 - 367" part="104" refId="ref12172" refString="61. Knapp S, Jarvis CE (1990) The typification of the names of New World species of Solanum described by Linnaeus. Bot J Linn Soc 104: 325 - 367." title="The typification of the names of New World species of Solanum described by Linnaeus" type="journal article" year="1990">61</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB850A9FFC7FFDDFCE0FCD9FC3B1FEA" author="Jarvis CE" box="[878,907,882,904]" journalOrPublisher="London: Linnean Society and Natural History Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref12207" refString="62. Jarvis CE (2007) Order out of chaos: Linnaean plant names and their types. London: Linnean Society and Natural History Museum." title="Order out of chaos: Linnaean plant names and their types" type="book" year="2007">62</bibRefCitation>
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]; it has no type specimen and has recently been proposed for rejection [
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB850A9FFC7FFDDFC41FC25FC5A1FC6" author="Knapp S" box="[975,1002,910,932]" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1782 - 1783" part="60" refId="ref12235" refString="63. Knapp S (2011) (2042, 2043) Proposal to reject the names Solanum ferox L. and S. fuscatum L. (Solanaceae). Taxon 60: 1782 - 1783." title="(2042, 2043) Proposal to reject the names Solanum ferox L. and S. fuscatum L. (Solanaceae)" type="journal article" year="2011">63</bibRefCitation>
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] under the rules of the Code [
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB850A9FFC7FFDDFA90FC25FA8B1FC6" author="McNeill J & Barrie FR & Buck WR & Demoulin V & Greuter W" box="[1310,1339,910,932]" journalOrPublisher="Regnum Vegetabile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" part="154" refId="ref11717" refString="51. McNeill J, Barrie FR, Buck WR, Demoulin V, Greuter W, et al. (2012) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code). Adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. Regnum Vegetabile 154. Konigstein: Koelz Scientific Books." title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code). Adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011" type="journal article" year="2012">51</bibRefCitation>
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]. Morphology and molecular evidence (S. Stern and M.S. Vorontsova, unpublished) both show this species is a member of the eggplant clade and not an introduction from the Americas; it is endemic to the Cape Verdes and thus, despite its somewhat weedy nature, of conservation interest. The assumption that it was an American (New World) species has meant it has been treated as an invasive, rather than the endemic that it is. Its relationships to other eggplant relatives have not yet been rigorously assessed.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2956DBFFC7FFDDFAF1FBC6FC3618FD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigidum">
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<emphasis id="B95DF14AFFC7FFDDFAF1FBC6FC3618FD" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Solanum rigidum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C2956DBFFC7FFDDFB85FB22FB3418FD" box="[1035,1156,1161,1183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerasiferum">
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<emphasis id="B95DF14AFFC7FFDDFB85FB22FB3418FD" box="[1035,1156,1161,1183]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S cerasiferum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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morphologically but can be distinguished from it and other members of the group by its long triangular calyx lobes on long-styled flowers that are reflexed at the tips in fruit and the attenuate leaf bases.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |