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<mods:title id="70B6C749B679F8F158721986B55DCBC9">Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF60717FF759131FD49A464" ID-CoL="4G8N6" authority="Walsingham, 1907" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,704,1336,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auromagnifica">
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<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FF759131FE5BA464" bold="true" box="[151,466,1336,1363]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Philodoria auromagnifica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FE389131FD49A464" author="Walsingham, Thomas" box="[474,704,1336,1362]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="469 - 759" refId="ref102986" refString="Walsingham, Thomas, de Grey (Lord) (1907) Microlepidoptera. In: Sharp, D. (Ed.), Fauna Hawaiiensis. 1 (5). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 469 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1907">Walsingham, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FF759155FF7EA441" box="[151,247,1372,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,184,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[185,1402,181,1553]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. succedanea Walsingham, 1907 lectotype female, B Paralectotype male, C P. kauaulaensis Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara, 2018 holotype female, D Philodoria sp. nr. P. auromagnifica male Kauai, E P. auromagnifica Walsingham, 1907 holotype male, F P. kolea Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara, 2018 holotype male. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681827/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 7E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FEE19155FEBDA440" box="[259,308,1372,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1720,1744]" captionTargetBox="[195,1392,185,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-20@49.[191,1395,181,1696]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 26. Forewing pattern variation in Philodoria. Specimens from recent collection efforts that were preserved in ethanol or RNA stabilization reagent, originally for molecular studies. Wings were placed without mountant under a coverslip. A P. succedanea (sex unknown, CJ419), B P. auromagnifica, male (CJ148/SK689), C P. basalis, female (CJ410), D P. splendida, female (CJ488a), host: Syzygium sp., E P. splendida (sex unknown, CJ488b), host: Syzygium sp., F P. molokaiensis, male (CJ509b/ SK667), G P. sp. A nr. P. lysimachiella, female (CJ346a/SK753), H P. lysimachiella, female (CJ530), lateral view, I P. pipturiella, female (CJ529), J Same species, male (CJ529), K P. haelaauensis, female (CJ209), L Same species, female (CJ216), M P. floscula, female (CJ426/SK845), N P. wilkesiella, male (CJ009/SK649), O P. epibathra, male (CJ506a/SK678), P Same species, female (CJ506b/SK681). Arrows point to diagnostic characters of species: black patch at base (A), basal fascia (D), transverse fasciae (tf) (F, G), white spot (ws) (I, J), white patch (K–M). Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681867/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">26B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FEDD9155FE18A440" box="[319,401,1372,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="76.[151,250,1685,1709]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,183,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-23@76.[151,1436,181,1662]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 41. Male valva of Philodoria, inner view. A–F, H–J, L, M: Left valva, G, K, N: Right valva. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F, G P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, H P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, I P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, J P. splendida, Maui, SK696, K Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., L P. lama, holotype, Maui SK744, M P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767, N Same as L, paratype, Kauai, SK745." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681901/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">41B, C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FE7F9155FE67A440" box="[413,494,1372,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="77.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,187,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-20@77.[158,1430,181,1748]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 42. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK745. Abbreviation: ta: tuba analis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681903/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">42B, C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FE189155FDC5A440" box="[506,588,1372,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,191,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-23@78.[151,1436,181,1766]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 43. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK755, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681905/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">43B, C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FDB59155FD01A441" box="[599,648,1372,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="106.[151,250,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[170,1411,192,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-23@106.[165,1422,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURE 56. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. succedanea, paralectotype, Maui, SK714, B Same species, Hawaii (Big Island), SK624, C P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK623, D P. kauaulaensis, holotype, SK690, E Same species, lateral view, F P. kolea, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK634, G P. lysimachiella, SK654, H P. sp. A, SK753, I P. molokaiensis, SK668, lateral view, J Same ventral view, K P. splendida, SK621, L P. lama, paratype, SK813." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681931/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">56C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FD769155FD60A440" box="[660,745,1372,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="112.[151,250,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,185,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-23@112.[151,1436,181,1563]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="FIGURE 61. Images of genitalia slides prepared by E. C. Zimmerman. A–D: P. auromagnifica, male, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-5, E–G: P. auromagnifica, female, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-6, H: P. basalis, female, Hawaii (Big Island), Z-XII-20-62-4, I–N: P. costalis, paralectotype male, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-2. A, M Phallus, lateral view, B Entire genitalia except phallus, ventral view, C Coremata, D Abdominal segments II–III, E Abdominal segments II–VI, F Tergum II, G, H Entire female genitalia, I Abdominal segments II–V, J Right valva, K Genital capsule, ventral view, L Left valva, N Abdominal segment VIII with dorsal flap and coremata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681941/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">61A–G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FD169155FCA1A440" box="[756,808,1372,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 79" captionStartId="141.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[157,1428,191,1681]" captionTargetId="figure-20@141.[152,1435,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="141" captionText="FIGURE 79. Philodoria species on the host plant, Myrsine. A–D, F, G: P. succedanea, E: P. kauaulaensis, H: P. auromagnifica. A–C, F–K host: Myrsine lessertiana, D M. Linearifolia, E M. lanaiensis. A–C: Molokai, D: Kauai, E: Maui, A–E Leaf mine and later larva F–K: Hawaii (Big Island). F, I, J Host plants and leaf mines, G Fallen leaf and leaf mine with larva, H Developing mine, K Near complete mine of late instar larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681979/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">79H</figureCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FF7591A8FE16A48F" box="[151,415,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Philodoria auromagnifica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FE4791A8FD1EA48F" author="Walsingham, Thomas" box="[421,663,1441,1465]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="469 - 759" refId="ref102986" refString="Walsingham, Thomas, de Grey (Lord) (1907) Microlepidoptera. In: Sharp, D. (Ed.), Fauna Hawaiiensis. 1 (5). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 469 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1907">Walsingham, 1907: 718</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 25, fig. 20; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A8810CCFFF60717FCD491A8FB89A48F" author="Swezey, O. H." box="[822,1024,1441,1465]" page="223" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FCD491A8FB89A48F" author="Swezey, O. H." box="[822,1024,1441,1465]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="221 - 227" refId="ref102406" refString="Swezey, O. H. (1913 b) Leaf-miners of the Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 2 (5), 221 - 227." type="journal article" year="1913">Swezey 1913b: 223</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A8810CCFFF60717FBE991A8FA88A48F" author="Zimmerman, E. C." box="[1035,1281,1441,1465]" page="695" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FBE991A8FA88A48F" author="Zimmerman, E. C." box="[1035,1281,1441,1465]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref103182" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978 a) Gracillarioidea. In: Microlepidoptera. Part 1. Insects of Hawaii, Vol. 9. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 644 - 718." type="book" year="1978">Zimmerman 1978a: 695</bibRefCitation>
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, figs. 461, 468, 474; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A8810CCFFF60717FF1991B6FD97A4EE" author="Kobayashi, S. &amp; Johns, C. A. &amp; Lopez-Vaamonde, C. &amp; Doorenweerd, C. &amp; Kawakita, A. &amp; Ohshima, I. &amp; Lees, D. C. &amp; Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[251,542,1471,1496]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/48A92472C55442594EB2CC368AEC78E4" page="130" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FF1991B6FE67A4EE" author="Kobayashi, S. &amp; Johns, C. A. &amp; Lopez-Vaamonde, C. &amp; Doorenweerd, C. &amp; Kawakita, A. &amp; Ohshima, I. &amp; Lees, D. C. &amp; Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[251,494,1471,1496]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref101709" refString="Kobayashi, S., Johns, C. A., Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Doorenweerd, C., Kawakita, A., Ohshima, I., Lees, D. C., Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Hawaiian Philodoria (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Ornixolinae) leaf mining moths on Myrsine (Primulaceae): two new species and biological data. ZooKeys, 773, 109 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 773.21690" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kobayashi 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FE8F91C9FE13A4E1" box="[365,410,1471,1495]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. (2018)
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: 130
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–132, figs. 2E, F, 5E–H, 6E–H, 7G, 8B, 11, 14C.
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<materialsCitation id="3B413C80FFF60717FF75920FFC98A717" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071273308" box="[151,785,1541,1569]" elevation="610" location="Honolulu" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FF75920FFEBFA729" bold="true" box="[151,310,1541,1568]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFF60717FF75920FFF5BA716" box="[151,210,1542,1568]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
mountains, 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFF60717FE5D920FFD86A716" box="[447,527,1542,1568]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="ft" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="0004D1EEFFF60717FE5D920FFD86A716" box="[447,527,1542,1568]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="ft" value="2000.0">2000 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
near 
<location id="8EF66006FFF60717FDAF920FFD3EA716" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087CBFFF60716FF759131FB08A65A:8EF66006FFF60717FDAF920FFD3EA716" box="[589,695,1542,1568]" name="Honolulu" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Honolulu</location>
(Oahu)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFF60717FF259223FC52A75E" blockId="24.[151,1437,1541,2036]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FF259223FEF3A775" bold="true" box="[199,378,1577,1604]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B413C80FFF60717FE649223FC52A75E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071273365" collectingDate="1892-10-25" collectionCode="NHMUK" elevation="610" location="Honolulu" municipality="Oahu" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="NHMUK010305330" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFF60717FE649223FE67A772" box="[390,494,1578,1604]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
♂, Mts. 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFF60717FD839223FD3FA772" box="[609,694,1578,1604]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="ft" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="0004D1EEFFF60717FD839223FD3FA772" box="[609,694,1578,1604]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="ft" value="2000.0">2000 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
near 
<location id="8EF66006FFF60717FD1C9223FCE2A772" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087CBFFF60716FF759131FB08A65A:8EF66006FFF60717FD1C9223FCE2A772" box="[766,875,1578,1604]" municipality="Oahu" name="Honolulu" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Honolulu</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF2ACA7FFF60717FC999223FC33A772" box="[891,954,1578,1604]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Oahu</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<date id="FF97101DFFF60717FC299220FBB7A772" box="[971,1086,1577,1604]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1892-10-25">
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FFF60717FC299220FBB7A772" box="[971,1086,1577,1604]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1892-10-25">25.x.1892</collectingDate>
</date>
, Perkins. 25857|BM slide no. 472| Walsingham Collection. 1910–427.| 
<specimenCode id="DB8F9EA6FFF60717FDB09244FCCDA75E" box="[594,836,1613,1640]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">NHMUK010305330</specimenCode>
| in 
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FFF60717FC8B9247FC5EA75E" box="[873,983,1614,1640]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFF60717FF259278FC55A652" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFF60717FF259278FC0DA62A" blockId="24.[151,1437,1541,2036]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FF259278FECBA7BD" bold="true" box="[199,322,1649,1675]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Very similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF60717FE18927BFD13A7BA" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[506,666,1650,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succedanea">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FE18927BFD13A7BA" box="[506,666,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. succedanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but distinguished from it by the dark brownish orange patches and brownish orange basal patch in the forewing; a fuscous patch with dark orangish scales in the apical portion (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FA8D929FFF33A7E2" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,184,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[185,1402,181,1553]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. succedanea Walsingham, 1907 lectotype female, B Paralectotype male, C P. kauaulaensis Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara, 2018 holotype female, D Philodoria sp. nr. P. auromagnifica male Kauai, E P. auromagnifica Walsingham, 1907 holotype male, F P. kolea Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara, 2018 holotype male. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681827/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
); in the male genitalia by the rather long valva narrowing in the middle, vinculum large, inflexed on the ventral side, broad and straight saccus (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FE1A92D7FD01A7CE" box="[504,648,1758,1784]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="76.[151,250,1685,1709]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,183,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-23@76.[151,1436,181,1662]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 41. Male valva of Philodoria, inner view. A–F, H–J, L, M: Left valva, G, K, N: Right valva. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F, G P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, H P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, I P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, J P. splendida, Maui, SK696, K Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., L P. lama, holotype, Maui SK744, M P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767, N Same as L, paratype, Kauai, SK745." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681901/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 41B, C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FD7192D7FD6CA7CE" box="[659,741,1758,1784]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="77.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,187,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-20@77.[158,1430,181,1748]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 42. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK745. Abbreviation: ta: tuba analis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681903/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">42B, C</figureCitation>
); in the female genitalia by signa with rather blunt spines (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FA8D92D7FF4EA62A" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="105.[151,250,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[249,1345,190,1349]" captionTargetId="figure-20@105.[238,1350,181,1358]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURE 55. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. sciallactis (syntype of Parectopa lipochaetae), Maui, SK699, B P. ureraella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK676, C P. opuhe, paratype, Oahu, SK674." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681929/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 55C</figureCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FF3C930BFE53A62A" author="Kobayashi, S. &amp; Johns, C. A. &amp; Lopez-Vaamonde, C. &amp; Doorenweerd, C. &amp; Kawakita, A. &amp; Ohshima, I. &amp; Lees, D. C. &amp; Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[222,474,1794,1820]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref101709" refString="Kobayashi, S., Johns, C. A., Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Doorenweerd, C., Kawakita, A., Ohshima, I., Lees, D. C., Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Hawaiian Philodoria (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Ornixolinae) leaf mining moths on Myrsine (Primulaceae): two new species and biological data. ZooKeys, 773, 109 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 773.21690" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kobayashi 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FEBC930BFE06A62A" box="[350,399,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). See also diagnosis of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF60717FD3D930BFCF7A62A" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[735,894,1794,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succedanea">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FD3D930BFCF7A62A" box="[735,894,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. succedanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFF60717FF25932CFC55A652" blockId="24.[151,1437,1541,2036]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FF25932CFE82A609" bold="true" box="[199,267,1829,1855]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Adult</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FEF9932FFEFBA676" box="[283,370,1830,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,184,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[185,1402,181,1553]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. succedanea Walsingham, 1907 lectotype female, B Paralectotype male, C P. kauaulaensis Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara, 2018 holotype female, D Philodoria sp. nr. P. auromagnifica male Kauai, E P. auromagnifica Walsingham, 1907 holotype male, F P. kolea Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara, 2018 holotype male. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681827/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
). Wingspan 
<quantity id="4CD19B38FFF60717FE1F932FFDB7A676" box="[509,574,1830,1856]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
in 
<typeStatus id="5492887FFFF60717FD80932FFD41A676" box="[610,712,1830,1856]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FD30932FFCF4A609" bold="true" box="[722,893,1829,1856]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FC6E932FFB94A676" box="[908,1053,1830,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="76.[151,250,1685,1709]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,183,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-23@76.[151,1436,181,1662]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURE 41. Male valva of Philodoria, inner view. A–F, H–J, L, M: Left valva, G, K, N: Right valva. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F, G P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, H P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, I P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, J P. splendida, Maui, SK696, K Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., L P. lama, holotype, Maui SK744, M P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767, N Same as L, paratype, Kauai, SK745." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681901/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 41B, C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FBCB932FFBF2A676" box="[1065,1147,1830,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="77.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,187,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-20@77.[158,1430,181,1748]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURE 42. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK754, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK745. Abbreviation: ta: tuba analis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681903/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">42B, C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FB65932FFB50A676" box="[1159,1241,1830,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[159,1418,191,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-23@78.[151,1436,181,1766]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 43. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. succedanea, Maui, SK641, B P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK800, C P. auromagnifica, Kauai, SK689, D P. kolea, holotype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK851, E P. lysimachiella, Oahu, SK656, F P. sp. 7, Kauai, SK755, G P. molokaiensis, Molokai, SK666, H P. basalis, Hawaii (Big Island), SK614, I P. splendida, Maui, SK696, J Same species, Oahu, SK747, host Syzygium sp., K P. lama, holotype, Maui, SK744, L P. napaliensis, paratype, Kauai, SK767." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681905/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">43B, C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FB06932CFABEA676" box="[1252,1335,1829,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="112.[151,250,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,185,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-23@112.[151,1436,181,1563]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="FIGURE 61. Images of genitalia slides prepared by E. C. Zimmerman. A–D: P. auromagnifica, male, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-5, E–G: P. auromagnifica, female, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-6, H: P. basalis, female, Hawaii (Big Island), Z-XII-20-62-4, I–N: P. costalis, paralectotype male, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-2. A, M Phallus, lateral view, B Entire genitalia except phallus, ventral view, C Coremata, D Abdominal segments II–III, E Abdominal segments II–VI, F Tergum II, G, H Entire female genitalia, I Abdominal segments II–V, J Right valva, K Genital capsule, ventral view, L Left valva, N Abdominal segment VIII with dorsal flap and coremata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681941/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">61A–C</figureCitation>
) and 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FA97932FFEB6A655" bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Female genitalia</emphasis>
figured (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FE449343FD9FA652" box="[422,534,1865,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="106.[151,250,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[170,1411,192,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-23@106.[165,1422,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURE 56. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. succedanea, paralectotype, Maui, SK714, B Same species, Hawaii (Big Island), SK624, C P. auromagnifica, Hawaii (Big Island), SK623, D P. kauaulaensis, holotype, SK690, E Same species, lateral view, F P. kolea, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK634, G P. lysimachiella, SK654, H P. sp. A, SK753, I P. molokaiensis, SK668, lateral view, J Same ventral view, K P. splendida, SK621, L P. lama, paratype, SK813." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681931/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 56C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF60717FDC39340FDDFA652" box="[545,598,1865,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="112.[151,250,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,185,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-23@112.[151,1436,181,1563]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="FIGURE 61. Images of genitalia slides prepared by E. C. Zimmerman. A–D: P. auromagnifica, male, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-5, E–G: P. auromagnifica, female, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-6, H: P. basalis, female, Hawaii (Big Island), Z-XII-20-62-4, I–N: P. costalis, paralectotype male, Oahu, Z-XII-20-62-2. A, M Phallus, lateral view, B Entire genitalia except phallus, ventral view, C Coremata, D Abdominal segments II–III, E Abdominal segments II–VI, F Tergum II, G, H Entire female genitalia, I Abdominal segments II–V, J Right valva, K Genital capsule, ventral view, L Left valva, N Abdominal segment VIII with dorsal flap and coremata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681941/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">61G</figureCitation>
). See also 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FD2F9343FC51A652" author="Kobayashi, S. &amp; Johns, C. A. &amp; Lopez-Vaamonde, C. &amp; Doorenweerd, C. &amp; Kawakita, A. &amp; Ohshima, I. &amp; Lees, D. C. &amp; Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[717,984,1866,1892]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref101709" refString="Kobayashi, S., Johns, C. A., Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Doorenweerd, C., Kawakita, A., Ohshima, I., Lees, D. C., Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Hawaiian Philodoria (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Ornixolinae) leaf mining moths on Myrsine (Primulaceae): two new species and biological data. ZooKeys, 773, 109 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 773.21690" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kobayashi 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FCA99343FCF4A652" box="[843,893,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. (2018)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFF60717FF259364FDE5A69A" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFF60717FF259364FDE5A69A" blockId="24.[151,1437,1541,2036]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FF259364FEE8A6B1" bold="true" box="[199,353,1901,1927]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</emphasis>
Kauai (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FE5A9367FD3BA6BE" author="Kobayashi, S. &amp; Johns, C. A. &amp; Lopez-Vaamonde, C. &amp; Doorenweerd, C. &amp; Kawakita, A. &amp; Ohshima, I. &amp; Lees, D. C. &amp; Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[440,690,1902,1928]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref101709" refString="Kobayashi, S., Johns, C. A., Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Doorenweerd, C., Kawakita, A., Ohshima, I., Lees, D. C., Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Hawaiian Philodoria (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Ornixolinae) leaf mining moths on Myrsine (Primulaceae): two new species and biological data. ZooKeys, 773, 109 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 773.21690" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kobayashi 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FDDA9367FDE1A6BE" box="[568,616,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
), Oahu (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FCED9367FC56A6BE" author="Walsingham, Thomas" box="[783,991,1902,1928]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="469 - 759" refId="ref102986" refString="Walsingham, Thomas, de Grey (Lord) (1907) Microlepidoptera. In: Sharp, D. (Ed.), Fauna Hawaiiensis. 1 (5). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 469 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1907">Walsingham 1907</bibRefCitation>
), Molokai (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FBBD9367FAE8A6BE" author="Swezey, O. H. &amp; Bryan, E. H." box="[1119,1377,1902,1928]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="293 - 314" refId="ref102629" refString="Swezey, O. H. &amp; Bryan, E. H. (1929) Further notes on the forest insects of Molokai. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7 (3), 293 - 314." type="journal article" year="1929">Swezey &amp; Bryan 1929</bibRefCitation>
), and 
<collectingRegion id="49EDF83FFFF60717FF75939BFF61A69A" box="[151,232,1938,1964]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
(Big Island) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FE66939BFDE9A69A" author="Zimmerman, E. C." box="[388,608,1938,1964]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref103182" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978 a) Gracillarioidea. In: Microlepidoptera. Part 1. Insects of Hawaii, Vol. 9. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 644 - 718." type="book" year="1978">Zimmerman 1978a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FFF60716FF2593BFFB08A65A" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFF60717FF2593BFFB81A6C2" blockId="24.[151,1437,1541,2036]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FF2593BFFED0A6E6" bold="true" box="[199,345,1974,2000]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Host plants.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF60717FE8193BFFE7BA6E6" box="[355,498,1974,2000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Primulaceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF60717FE1C93BFFCB3A6E6" authority="A. DC." authorityName="A. DC." box="[510,826,1974,2000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lessertiana">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FE1C93BFFD56A6E6" box="[510,735,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Myrsine lessertiana</emphasis>
A. DC.
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF60717FC9793BFFAF9A6E6" authority="A. DC. (Johns et al. 2016)" box="[885,1392,1973,2000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicensis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FC9793BFFBB8A6E6" box="[885,1073,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. sandwicensis</emphasis>
A. DC. (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FB7F93BFFAE1A6E6" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Moore, M. R. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[1181,1384,1973,2000]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="361 - 372" refId="ref101228" refString="Johns, C. A., Moore, M. R. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2016) Molecular phylogeny, revised higher classification, and implications for conservation of endangered Hawaiian leaf-mining moths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Philodoria). Pacific Science, 70 (3), 361 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.2984 / 70.3.7" type="journal article" year="2016">
Johns 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FB0A93BFFA95A6E6" box="[1256,1308,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF60717FA9C93BFFD3FA6C2" authority="(Mez) Hosaka (Kobayashi et al. 2018)" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wawraea">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FA9C93BFFF77A6C5" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. wawraea</emphasis>
(Mez) Hosaka (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FE5193D3FD27A6C2" author="Kobayashi, S. &amp; Johns, C. A. &amp; Lopez-Vaamonde, C. &amp; Doorenweerd, C. &amp; Kawakita, A. &amp; Ohshima, I. &amp; Lees, D. C. &amp; Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[435,686,2010,2036]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref101709" refString="Kobayashi, S., Johns, C. A., Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Doorenweerd, C., Kawakita, A., Ohshima, I., Lees, D. C., Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Hawaiian Philodoria (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Ornixolinae) leaf mining moths on Myrsine (Primulaceae): two new species and biological data. ZooKeys, 773, 109 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 773.21690" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kobayashi 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FDD193D3FDECA6C2" box="[563,613,2010,2036]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF60717FD2093D3FC97A6C5" box="[706,798,2010,2035]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF60717FD2093D3FC97A6C5" box="[706,798,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Myrsine</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF60717FCB193D3FC72A6C2" author="Swezey, O. H." box="[851,1019,2010,2036]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="197 - 199" refId="ref102372" refString="Swezey, O. H. (1913 a) A day's collecting at Punaluu, Oahu. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 2 (5), 197 - 199." type="journal article" year="1913">Swezey 1913a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF566655FFF70716FF759272FDD6A7C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681833" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681833/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[151,250,1659,1683]" targetBox="[156,1433,187,1631]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFF70716FF759272FDD6A7C9" blockId="25.[151,1436,1659,1792]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FF759272FE96A7A5" bold="true" box="[151,287,1659,1683]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Adults of 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF70716FE659275FE57A7A5" box="[391,478,1660,1683]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pipturus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FE659275FE57A7A5" box="[391,478,1660,1683]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Pipturus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feeding 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF70716FDD69275FD2BA7A2" box="[564,674,1660,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FDD69275FD2BA7A2" box="[564,674,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FD1E9272FC84A7A5" bold="true" box="[764,781,1659,1683]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF70716FCF09275FB8EA7A2" authority="Swezey, 1934" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1934" box="[786,1031,1660,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costalis">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FCF09275FCFFA7A2" box="[786,886,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. costalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF70716FC9E9275FB8EA7A2" author="Swezey, O. H." box="[892,1031,1660,1684]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="523 - 525" refId="ref102699" refString="Swezey, O. H. (1934) New species of Hawaiian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 8 (3), 523 - 525." type="journal article" year="1934">Swezey, 1934</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
lectotype male, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FB499275FB35A7A2" bold="true" box="[1195,1212,1660,1684]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF70716FB239275FF43A78E" authority="Swezey, 1923" authorityName="Swezey" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipturiella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FB239275FACDA7A2" box="[1217,1348,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. pipturiella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF70716FAAB9275FF43A78E" author="Swezey, O. H." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="293 - 296" refId="ref102565" refString="Swezey, O. H. (1923) The leaf-miners of Pipturus. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 5 (2), 293 - 296." type="journal article" year="1923">Swezey, 1923</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
lectotype male, one of two cotypes (upper specimen) on the same mount, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FC239296FC5AA781" bold="true" box="[961,979,1695,1719]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C</emphasis>
Paralectotype male on the same mount as of lectotype (lower specimen), 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FE5492CDFE41A7EA" bold="true" box="[438,456,1732,1756]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF70716FE2C92CDFD70A7EA" authority="Walsingham, 1907" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" box="[462,761,1732,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floscula">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FE2C92CDFDBFA7EA" box="[462,566,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. floscula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF70716FDDE92CDFD70A7EA" author="Walsingham, Thomas" box="[572,761,1732,1756]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="469 - 759" refId="ref102986" refString="Walsingham, Thomas, de Grey (Lord) (1907) Microlepidoptera. In: Sharp, D. (Ed.), Fauna Hawaiiensis. 1 (5). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 469 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1907">Walsingham, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
lectotype female, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FC5092CDFC4AA7EA" bold="true" box="[946,963,1732,1756]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E</emphasis>
Paralectotype male, 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FB7792CDFB2DA7EA" bold="true" box="[1173,1188,1732,1756]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF70716FB4892CDFE8BA636" authority="Walsingham, 1907" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micropetala">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FB4892CDFAB5A7EA" box="[1194,1340,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. micropetala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF70716FAA392CDFE8BA636" author="Walsingham, Thomas" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="469 - 759" refId="ref102986" refString="Walsingham, Thomas, de Grey (Lord) (1907) Microlepidoptera. In: Sharp, D. (Ed.), Fauna Hawaiiensis. 1 (5). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 469 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1907">Walsingham, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
holotype female. Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFF70716FF259327FA18A67E" blockId="25.[199,1425,1838,1900]" box="[199,1425,1838,1864]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FF259327FEAEA67E" bold="true" box="[199,295,1838,1864]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Biology.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FFF70716FED49327FE16A67E" box="[310,415,1838,1864]" captionStart="FIGURE 79" captionStartId="141.[151,250,1708,1732]" captionTargetBox="[157,1428,191,1681]" captionTargetId="figure-20@141.[152,1435,181,1684]" captionTargetPageId="141" captionText="FIGURE 79. Philodoria species on the host plant, Myrsine. A–D, F, G: P. succedanea, E: P. kauaulaensis, H: P. auromagnifica. A–C, F–K host: Myrsine lessertiana, D M. Linearifolia, E M. lanaiensis. A–C: Molokai, D: Kauai, E: Maui, A–E Leaf mine and later larva F–K: Hawaii (Big Island). F, I, J Host plants and leaf mines, G Fallen leaf and leaf mine with larva, H Developing mine, K Near complete mine of late instar larva." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681979/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 79H</figureCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF70716FE509327FD65A67E" author="Kobayashi, S. &amp; Johns, C. A. &amp; Lopez-Vaamonde, C. &amp; Doorenweerd, C. &amp; Kawakita, A. &amp; Ohshima, I. &amp; Lees, D. C. &amp; Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[434,748,1838,1864]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref101709" refString="Kobayashi, S., Johns, C. A., Lopez-Vaamonde, C., Doorenweerd, C., Kawakita, A., Ohshima, I., Lees, D. C., Hanabergh, S. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Hawaiian Philodoria (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae, Ornixolinae) leaf mining moths on Myrsine (Primulaceae): two new species and biological data. ZooKeys, 773, 109 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 773.21690" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kobayashi 
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FDD39326FDEBA67E" box="[561,610,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
. (2018: 131
</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 8B, 11, 14C) reported the leaf mine and pupal cocoon.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFFF70716FF25935BFB08A65A" blockId="25.[199,1425,1838,1900]" box="[199,1153,1874,1900]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FF25935BFEDDA65A" bold="true" box="[199,340,1874,1900]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Parasitoids.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF70716FEB9935BFE56A65A" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[347,479,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFFF70716FE0B935BFBF4A65A" authority="(Ashmead, 1901) (Zimmerman 1978 a)" authorityName="Zimmerman" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[489,1149,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metallicus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFFF70716FE0B935BFD48A65A" box="[489,705,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Euderus metallicus</emphasis>
(Ashmead, 1901) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFFF70716FC7A935BFBFDA65A" author="Zimmerman, E. C." box="[920,1140,1874,1900]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref103182" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1978 a) Gracillarioidea. In: Microlepidoptera. Part 1. Insects of Hawaii, Vol. 9. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 644 - 718." type="book" year="1978">Zimmerman 1978a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>