treatments-xml/data/B3/6F/1D/B36F1DA51B081A8C71AA66D3C211E3C7.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7055" ID-PMC="PMC4086210" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-38-69" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3B4DC820FFF52535FFF7FFEBFFECD008" ID-PubMed="25009438" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576220" ModsDocID="1314-2003-38-69" checkinTime="1451251733013" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Giacomin, Leandro L. &amp; Stehmann, Joao R." docDate="2014" docId="B36F1DA51B081A8C71AA66D3C211E3C7" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 38: 69-87" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 38" docPubDate="2014-06-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7055" docTitle="Solanum kriegeri Giacomin &amp; Stehmann 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="3B4DC820FFF52535FFF7FFEBFFECD008" lastPageNumber="82" masterDocId="3B4DC820FFF52535FFF7FFEBFFECD008" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Solanum (Brevantherum Clade) endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="69" pageNumber="79" updateTime="1668141129594" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Three new species of Solanum (Brevantherum Clade) endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Giacomin, Leandro L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>ICB, Departamento de Botanica, Laboratorio de Sistematica Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270 - 901, MG, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stehmann, Joao R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>ICB, Departamento de Botanica, Laboratorio de Sistematica Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270 - 901, MG, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2014-06-04</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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<mods:start>69</mods:start>
<mods:end>87</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7055</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7055</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-38-69</mods:identifier>
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<subSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="multiple">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152025228" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B36F1DA51B081A8C71AA66D3C211E3C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B36F1DA51B081A8C71AA66D3C211E3C7" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName LSID="B36F1DA5-1B08-1A8C-71AA-66D3C211E3C7" authority="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum kriegeri" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri" status="sp. nov.">Solanum kriegeri Giacomin &amp; Stehmann</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="79">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Photographs of the species in the field. A-B Solanum bradei Giacomin &amp; Stehmann A Shoot showing the anisophyllous sympodia and lateral emergence of the inflorescence [from Hattori et al. 914 (BHCB)] B Translucent fruit [from Agra et al. 7398 (BHCB, JPB)] C Inflorescence of Solanum friburgense Giacomin &amp; Stehmann in cultivation showing its hispid indumentum [from Giacomin 940 (BHCB)] D Inflorescence of Solanum kriegeri Giacomin &amp; Stehmann [from Giacomin et al. 770 (BHCB); photo by F. D. Gontijo]. Scale bars A = 2 cm; B-D = 1 cm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10669" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Solanum kriegeri Giacomin &amp; Stehmann. A Habit with detail of the typical indumentum B Subsessile inflorescence detail showing the very short peduncle C Corolla cross section showing stamens D Fruit with small calyx lobes E Seed. All from Giacomin et al. 770 (BHCB). Scale bars A = 10 cm; B and D = 1 cm; C = 5 mm; E = 2 mm. Drawings by B. Raddichi." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10672" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">, 5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
Differs from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Giacomin &amp; Stehmann in its small shrub-like habit, its shiny leaves with extremely sparse pubescence, its sessile to subsessile inflorescences sometimes with a very short peduncle of up to 2 mm, and by its larger opaque fruit with more numerous seeds. Also differs from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Witasek by having deltate, up to 2 mm calyx lobes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
BRAZIL
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">.</emphasis>
Minas Gerais: Parque Estadual da Serra do Ibitipoca, Proximidades da Lombada, 1650 m, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-21.683332">21°41'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-43.883335">43°53'W</geoCoordinate>
, 20 Jan 2005 (fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
R.C. Forzza, L.C. Assis, L.M. Bezerra, M.F. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Calió">Calio</normalizedToken>
&amp; L.G. Temponi 3959
</emphasis>
(holotype: RB; isotypes: BHCB, BM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
Herbs to small shrubs up to 50 cm tall, woody at base, often with a single stem or few branches, these primarily erect, ascending, becoming arched and pendant. Stems sparsely to moderately pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes up to 1 mm long, with 2-3 cells, normally curved and antrorse, rarely spreading, sometimes geniculate. Bark of older stems becoming whitish, exfoliating, almost completely glabrous, that of new growth greenish brown. Sympodial units plurifoliate, normally not geminate, but if so, with leaves differing in size and shape. Leaves simple, 1.5-7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-2 cm, narrowly elliptic, chartaceous to slightly coriaceous, concolorous, drying 
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="80" start="start">notably</pageBreakToken>
shiny on both surfaces, glabrous to glabrescent on both surfaces with sparse simple trichomes up to 0.6 mm long, with up to 2 cells, these most common along the midrib; base attenuate, not decurrent onto petiole; margins entire, sparsely ciliate, with trichomes like those of the leaf veins, lying antrorsely parallel to the margin; apex acute; petioles 2-5 mm long, with pubescence similar to the stems; minor leaves, if present, 0.4-1.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.3-0.6 cm, elliptic-ovate to circular, the base rounded to obtuse, the apex rounded to acuminate, the petioles absent to 2 mm long; venation brochidodromous; midribs and secondary veins visible to the naked eye, the midrib prominent on both blade surfaces, the secondary veins prominent abaxially and impressed adaxially. Inflorescences sessile to subsessile, lateral or subopposite the leaves, unbranched cymes with 1-6 flowers, the axis with the same pubescence as that of the stems; peduncle 1-2 mm long; rachis normally absent or rarely up to 6 mm long; pedicels 4-6 mm long in flower, 6-12 mm in fruit, articulated at the base, spaced up to 2 mm apart. Calyx to 5 mm long, the lobes 1-2 mm long in flower, up to 4 mm long in fruit, ca. 1 mm wide, deltate, glabrous to glabrescent abaxially, with trichomes if present like those of the stems, adaxially densely pubescent with capitate glandular trichomes less than 1 mm long, with single-celled stalks and a multicellular head; calyx not accrescent in fruit. Corolla 6-10 mm in diameter, white, stellate, membranaceous, the lobes 3-5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3 mm, ovate-lanceolate, glabrous on both surfaces. Stamens 2-3 mm long, equal in length, the filaments ca. 1mm long; anthers 1-2 mm long, ca. 1mm wide, oblong, slightly connivent, yellow, the base rounded, the apex emarginate and poricidal, the subapical pores directed introrsely, not opening into longitudinal slits. Ovary glabrous; style white, 3-5 mm long, straight, cylindrical, the stigma light yellow to greenish, capitate. Fruit a globose berry 6-12 mm in diameter, dull green when ripe, drying dark, glabrous. Seeds 6-12 per fruit, 3-5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3 mm, slightly swollen, reniform, with a small hollow at hilum region; the seed surface undulate, the margins flattened.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10672" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Giacomin &amp; Stehmann. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">A</emphasis>
Habit with detail of the typical indumentum 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">B</emphasis>
Subsessile inflorescence detail showing the very short peduncle 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">C</emphasis>
Corolla cross section showing stamens 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">D</emphasis>
Fruit with small calyx lobes 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">E</emphasis>
Seed. All from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Giacomin et al. 770</emphasis>
(BHCB). Scale bars 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">A</emphasis>
= 10 cm; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">B</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">D</emphasis>
= 1 cm; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">C</emphasis>
= 5 mm; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">E</emphasis>
= 2 mm. Drawings by B. Raddichi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="80" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
Endemic to Brazil in southern Minas Gerais state, close to the border with Rio de Janeiro State, where it is known from two adjacent mountain ranges within the Mantiqueira region, Serra do Ibitipoca and Serra Negra (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Known distribution of Solanum bradei Giacomin &amp; Stehmann (circles), Solanum friburgense Giacomin &amp; Stehmann (stars) and Solanum kriegeri Giacomin &amp; Stehmann (triangles) in the states of Minas Gerais (MG), Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Sao Paulo (SP) in southeastern Brazil." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10670" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). All known collections are from two conservation units, APA Serra da Mantiqueira and Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="80" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
Occasional to rare in the understory of well preserved dwarf cloud forests (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
Floresta 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ombrófila">Ombrofila</normalizedToken>
Densa Altomontana
</emphasis>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Veloso, HP" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="15" pageNumber="84" refId="B16" refString="Veloso, HP, Rangel, Filho ALR, Lima, JCA, 1991. Classificacao da vegetacao brasileira, adaptada a um sistema universal. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, 1-124." title="Classificacao da vegetacao brasileira, adaptada a um sistema universal. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro, 1 - 124." year="1991">Veloso et al. 1991</bibRefCitation>
) and normally associated with sandy soils or quartzite outcrops, in elevations of about 1,500 to 1,900 meters above sea level. Although few flowers were produced in cultivation, crossing studies suggested this species is self-incompatible, like 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="80" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Fertile specimens were collected between September and March. A flowering peak was observed between November and January and fully developed fruits were observed in January and March.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
The epithet honors the Father Leopoldo Krieger, a Brazilian naturalist and founder of the CESJ herbarium (Juiz de Fora, Brazil), one of the most important collections in Minas Gerais state. In 1969, Dr. Krieger was hired as a Professor at Uni 
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="81" start="start">versidade</pageBreakToken>
Federal de Juiz de Fora, when he started collecting in the surrounding areas. His efforts at Serra do Ibitipoca led to the first collections of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In herbarium sheets and in most databases, is common to find 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Krieger’s">Krieger's</normalizedToken>
collections wrongly cited as &quot;P.L. Krieger&quot;; the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“P”">&quot;P&quot;</normalizedToken>
corresponds to the Portuguese word for Father (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Padre</emphasis>
) and not to a forename. Nevertheless we decided here to maintain the orthography used on individual labels in the cited material, noting with square brackets the common misuse of the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“P.”">&quot;P.&quot;</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="81" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">(IUCN, 2013).</emphasis>
Endangered (EN) B2 ab (iii, iv). The species is known from two localities that are about 30 km away from each other with six points available. The calculated EOO was of 34.3 km2 what would led to the Critically Endangered category while the AOO of 20 km2 led to Endangered. We have chosen here to assign it to Endangered, a less severe category for three reasons: the species occurs in more than one location, it is known from within a effectively protected area (Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca), and the other location where it is found is somewhat remote. Nevertheless, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from a very specific habitat in well-preserved forest fragments and monitoring its populations is strongly recommended. In light of the deforestation pressure surrounding the areas where it is found, we surmise that it might be restricted to its few known localities.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; both have small, deltate calyx lobes (1-2 mm long). It is, however, a much smaller plant than 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with glabrous or glabrescent leaves, with sparse trichomes normally restricted to the midrib and a sessile to subsessile inflorescence. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occasionally has geminate leaves, but not as frequently as in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and, when present, the minor leaves are very reduced and look like stipules. The fruits of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also distinctive; they are larger than those of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(6-12 versus 4-7.8 mm) due to the seed size and number (6-12 versus 2-4 seeds per fruit respectively). Another good field character is the fruit aspect at maturity: dull green in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and shiny, and translucent (watery) in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Besides the calyx morphology 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be readily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="friburgense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum friburgense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the glabrescent indument of its shiny chartaceous leaves, the only species of the group that presents such feature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabits a very specific vegetation type and was thought to be endemic to Serra do Ibitipoca until recently when it was found in a neighboring mountain range. It is associated with dwarf cloud forests that grow as islands in highland grassy areas on sandy soils, normally within quartzite matrices. These formations are normally not as shaded as the habitats in which other species of the group are found, and although the soil is more well-drained, the atmospheric humidity is quite similar. It is common to find 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
growing in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Bryopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Sphagnales" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Sphagnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" genus="Sphagnaceae" lsidName="" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" rank="genus">Sphagnaceae</taxonomicName>
) mats in these environments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">BRAZIL</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Minas Gerais:</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Mun. Lima Duarte.</emphasis>
Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Lombada, 8 Mar 2006 (fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">F.M. Ferreira et al. 1009</emphasis>
(CESJ); Parque Estadual da Serra do Ibitipoca, Mata 
<normalizedToken originalValue="próxima">proxima</normalizedToken>
a Lagoa Seca, 1870 m, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-21.666666">21°40'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-43.866665">43°52'W</geoCoordinate>
, 24 Nov 2004 (fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">R.C. Forzza et al. 3710</emphasis>
(RB); Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Mata e campo ao lado do alojamento, 21 Nov 2006 (fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">R.C. Forzza et al. 4322</emphasis>
(RB; BHCB); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Conceição">Conceicao</normalizedToken>
de Ibitipoca, Parque Florestal Estadual de Ibitipoca, 
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="82" start="start">Na</pageBreakToken>
mata, 29 Nov 1970 (fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">[P.]L. Krieger &amp; C.C. Urbano 9355</emphasis>
(CESJ, RB); Serra de Ibitipoca, perto de mata de galeria, 1500 m, 2 Nov 1973 (fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">L. Krieger 13179</emphasis>
(CESJ); Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Na trilha de subida para a Lombada, 1623 m, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="1" value="-21.68361">21°41'1&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-43.873333">43°52'24&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 17 Mar 2009 (fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">L.L. Giacomin et al. 770</emphasis>
(BHCB); Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Mata nebular entre Lombada e Lagoa Seca, 1650 m, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-21.682499">21°40'57&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-43.87611">43°52'34&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 27 Oct 2004 (fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">B.R. Silva et al. 1369</emphasis>
(RB); Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Mata pluvial montana, 12 Nov 1987 (fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">H.C. Sousa s.n</emphasis>
. (BHCB 14650; RB). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Mun. Rio Preto</emphasis>
. Serra Negra, Burro de Ouro, 1525 m, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-21.969168">21°58'09&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-43.886948">43°53'13&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 17 Oct 2011 (fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">L.L. Giacomin et al. 1642</emphasis>
(BHCB, BM, RB, UT); Serra Negra, Fragmento de floresta 
<normalizedToken originalValue="ombrófila">ombrofila</normalizedToken>
altomontana anexa ao Pico das 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Três">Tres</normalizedToken>
Divisas, 1601 m, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-21.965">21°57'54&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-43.8825">43°52'57&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 17 Oct 2011 (fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">L.L. Giacomin et al. 1643</emphasis>
(BHCB, BM, UT).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="82" type="key to the species of the solanum inornatum group">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
Key to the species of the 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
<table inLine="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Herbs to shrubs, up to 1.8 m; stems glabrescent to densely pubescent, if pubescent most of the trichomes antrorse or apressed; calyx lobes deltate, up to 2 mm long, not accrescent in fruit</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Herbs to small shrubs, up to 50 cm; stems hirsute, the trichomes spreading to patent (sometimes hispid) or unordered (pointing in several directions, never completely antrorse); calyx lobes linear-lanceolate, 3-5 mm long, accrescent in fruit</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">3</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Leaves matte when dried, conspicuously pubescent; inflorescences always pedunculate, peduncles 2.2-10 mm long; abaxial calyx surface conspicuously pubescent; fruits translucent green at maturity, 4-7.8 mm in diameter</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bradei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Solanum bradei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Giacomin &amp; Stehmann
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Leaves shiny when dried, glabrescent, with sparse trichomes mainly along midrib; inflorescences sessile to subsessile, with peduncles up to 2 mm long; abaxial calyx surface glabrescent; fruits dull green at maturity, 6-12 mm in diameter</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kriegeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Solanum kriegeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Giacomin &amp; Stehmann
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Sympodial units 2-foliate; leaves elliptic with attenuate bases and cuspidate apices; leaves with trichomes concentrated on veins of any order; calyx lobes strongly recurved at anthesis</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giacomin &amp; Stehmann" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="friburgense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Solanum friburgense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Giacomin &amp; Stehmann
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">Sympodial units 3-plurifoliate; leaves ovate-elliptic with rounded to subcordate bases and attenuate apices; trichomes evenly distributed on veins and mesophyll; calyx lobes straight, not strongly recurved at anthesis</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Witasek" authorityYear="1910" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inornatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Solanum inornatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Witasek
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>