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<document id="85BEB455743C701224554C6F85094765" ID-DOI="10.26107/RBZ-2019-0003" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5343178" ID-ZooBank="026EF5FA-B910-41A8-9D86-3086D24319E9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630195483579" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Tan, Ji, Chan, Zi Yang, Ong, Ching Ang &amp; Yong, Hoi Sen" docDate="2019" docId="9A6DF50C104F35208A84E1C02550F8EF" docLanguage="en" docName="RBZ-2019-0003.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 67" docStyle="DocumentStyle:AF09A0581917EACD12E7F0991C3E7C26.5:RafflesBZool.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="AF09A0581917EACD12E7F0991C3E7C26" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Thelacantha brevispina" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="66548D741040352F8912E27D2164FFED" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="32" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1699182970771" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="BCE0E5BFE2EB04BF8BB947274A093962">Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E4E5769865E6857AE8045DA5F6855787">Tan, Ji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5E4E291775936EF91DC6BEE3710988EA">Chan, Zi Yang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5272E7DA5F5276A65D604896B971DED1">Ong, Ching Ang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9C75E1BFD3645D57B96949052A26C558">Yong, Hoi Sen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DFC1B7D6E0F53B93EAC65A1BEAC791D6">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="33E0B3451375A49483E50AE4A5626430">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="63818C58BF2816CF29C72D78FFD6EA3C">2019-02-14</mods:number>
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<treatment id="9A6DF50C104F35208A84E1C02550F8EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A6DF50C104F35208A84E1C02550F8EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A6DF50C104F35208A84E1C02550F8EF" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<subSubSection id="5ADE1791104F35208A84E1C0240BFC38" box="[918,1391,957,981]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A84E1C0240BFC38" blockId="15.[918,1391,957,1013]" box="[918,1391,957,981]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="4933F376104F35208A84E1C0240BFC38" bold="true" box="[918,1391,957,981]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="D5C43F99104F35208A84E1C0240BFC38" ID-CoL="567F3" authority="(Doleschall, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Doleschall" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[918,1391,957,981]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Thelacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevispina">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A84E1C0240BFC38" bold="true" box="[918,1391,957,981]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A84E1C025F8FC38" bold="true" box="[918,1180,957,981]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Thelacantha brevispina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="765539EB104F35208DB9E1C0240DFC38" author="Doleschall L" box="[1195,1385,957,981]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" pagination="339 - 434" refId="ref10890" refString="Doleschall L (1857) Bijdrage tot de Kenntis der Arachniden van den Indischen Archipel. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie, 13: 339 - 434." type="journal article" year="1857">Doleschall, 1857</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5ADE1791104F35208D0FE1A0258CFC18" box="[1053,1256,989,1013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" type="description">
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208D0FE1A0258CFC18" blockId="15.[918,1391,957,1013]" box="[1053,1256,989,1013]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
(
<figureCitation id="8AFF589F104F35208D36E1A025E1FC18" box="[1060,1157,989,1013]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[113,148,1294,1316]" captionTargetBox="[114,1451,190,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-420@6.[113,1451,189,1278]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. General habitus. A, Actinacantha globulata (Walckenaer, 1841), sub-female; B, Gasteracantha diardi (Lucas, 1835), female; C, G. diardi yellow morph, female; D, G. diardi white morph, sub-female; E, G. kuhli, female; F, Gasteracantha hasselti C. L. Koch, 1837, female; G, Macracantha arcuata (Fabricius, 1793), female; H, Thelacantha brevispina (Doleschall, 1857), female; I, G. mengei Keyserling, 1864, female. Photos by Tan Ji." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5343182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5343182/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Figs. 1H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8AFF589F104F35208D81E1A025C8FC18" box="[1171,1196,989,1013]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[112,147,1143,1165]" captionTargetBox="[93,1471,172,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-351@14.[93,1471,172,1137]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 12. Epigynal structure of Thelacantha brevispina (Doleschall, 1857). A, Ventral view; B, Posterior view; C, Lateral view; D, Dorsal view; E, Anterior view. Scale = 100 µm. CO = Copulatory opening; FD = Fertilisation duct; S = Spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5343216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5343216/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">12</figureCitation>
A−E)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5ADE1791104F35208A51E661241AFB2F" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A51E6612580FBDC" blockId="15.[835,1475,1052,1218]" box="[835,1252,1052,1074]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="32D46334104F35208A51E6612580FBDC" box="[835,1252,1052,1074]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<treatmentCitation id="9365620B104F35208A51E6612580FBDC" author="Doleschall L" box="[835,1252,1052,1074]" page="423" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" year="1857">
<taxonomicName id="D5C43F99104F35208A51E6612580FBDC" authority="Doleschall, 1857: 423" authorityName="Doleschall" authorityPageNumber="423" authorityYear="1857" box="[835,1252,1052,1074]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Plectana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevispina">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A51E6612561FBDC" box="[835,1029,1052,1073]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Plectana brevispina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="765539EB104F35208D1FE6612580FBDC" author="Doleschall L" box="[1037,1252,1052,1074]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" pagination="339 - 434" refId="ref10890" refString="Doleschall L (1857) Bijdrage tot de Kenntis der Arachniden van den Indischen Archipel. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie, 13: 339 - 434." type="journal article" year="1857">Doleschall, 1857: 423</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A51E64424D8FBA3" blockId="15.[835,1475,1052,1218]" box="[835,1468,1081,1103]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="32D46334104F35208A51E64424D8FBA3" box="[835,1468,1081,1103]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<treatmentCitation id="9365620B104F35208A51E64424E6FBA3" author="Workman T &amp; Workman ME" box="[835,1410,1081,1103]" page="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" year="1892">
<taxonomicName id="D5C43F99104F35208A51E64424E6FBA3" authority="Workman &amp; Workman, 1892: 8" authorityName="Workman &amp; Workman" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1892" box="[835,1410,1081,1103]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Gasteracantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevispina">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A51E644255BFBA3" box="[835,1087,1081,1102]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Gasteracantha brevispina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="765539EB104F35208D55E64424E6FBA3" author="Workman T &amp; Workman ME" box="[1095,1410,1081,1103]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" refId="ref13162" refString="Workman T &amp; Workman ME (1892) Malaysian Spiders. Belfast, 8 pp." type="book" year="1892">Workman &amp; Workman, 1892: 8</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 8
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A51E62825D4FB86" blockId="15.[835,1475,1052,1218]" box="[835,1200,1109,1131]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="D5C43F99104F35208A51E62825D4FB86" ID-CoL="567F3" authority="Benoit, 1964" authorityName="Benoit" authorityYear="1964" box="[835,1200,1109,1131]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Thelacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevispina">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A51E628254CFB87" box="[835,1064,1109,1130]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Thelacantha brevispina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="765539EB104F35208D20E62825D4FB86" author="Benoit PLG" box="[1074,1200,1109,1131]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" pagination="41 - 52" refId="ref10478" refString="Benoit PLG (1964) Nouvelle contribution a la connaissance des Araneidae-Gasteracanthinae d'Afrique et de Madagascar (Araneae). Publicacoes Culturais da Companhia de Diamantes de Angola, 69: 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="1964">Benoit, 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A51E60F22D4FB49" blockId="15.[835,1475,1052,1218]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="32D46334104F35208A51E60F22D4FB49" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<treatmentCitation id="9365620B104F35208A51E60F24EFFB65" author="Barrion AT &amp; Litsinger JA" box="[835,1419,1138,1160]" page="554" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" year="1995">
<taxonomicName id="D5C43F99104F35208A51E60F24EFFB65" ID-CoL="3FC64" authority="Barrion &amp; Litsinger, 1995: 554" authorityName="Barrion &amp; Litsinger" authorityPageNumber="554" authorityYear="1995" box="[835,1419,1138,1160]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Gasteracantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mammosa">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A51E60F2525FB65" box="[835,1089,1138,1160]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Gasteracantha mammosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="765539EB104F35208D59E60F24EFFB65" author="Barrion AT &amp; Litsinger JA" box="[1099,1419,1138,1160]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" refId="ref10404" refString="Barrion AT &amp; Litsinger JA (1995) Riceland spiders of South and Southeast Asia. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 700 pp." type="book" year="1995">Barrion &amp; Litsinger, 1995: 554</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 341a−e
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A51E6D1241AFB2F" blockId="15.[835,1475,1052,1218]" box="[835,1406,1196,1218]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="32D46334104F35208A51E6D1241AFB2F" box="[835,1406,1196,1218]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<treatmentCitation id="9365620B104F35208A51E6D1259BFB2F" author="Yin CM &amp; Peng XJ &amp; Yan HM &amp; Bao YH &amp; Xu X &amp; Tang G &amp; Zhou QS &amp; Liu P" box="[835,1279,1196,1218]" page="584" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" year="2012">
<taxonomicName id="D5C43F99104F35208A51E6D1259BFB2F" ID-CoL="567F3" authority="Yin et al., 2012: 584" authorityName="Yin" authorityPageNumber="584" authorityYear="2012" box="[835,1279,1196,1218]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Thelacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevispina">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A51E6D1254CFB2C" box="[835,1064,1196,1217]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Thelacantha brevispina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="765539EB104F35208D22E6D1259BFB2F" author="Yin CM &amp; Peng XJ &amp; Yan HM &amp; Bao YH &amp; Xu X &amp; Tang G &amp; Zhou QS &amp; Liu P" box="[1072,1279,1196,1218]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" refId="ref13304" refString="Yin CM, Peng XJ, Yan HM, Bao YH, Xu X, Tang G, Zhou QS &amp; Liu P (2012) Fauna Hunan: Araneae in Hunan, China. Hunan Science and Technology Press, Changsha, 1,590 pp." type="book" year="2012">Yin et al., 2012: 584</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 281a−i
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5ADE1791104F35208A51E69724A7FA8F" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A51E69724A7FA8F" blockId="15.[835,1476,1258,1378]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A51E6972520FAEF" bold="true" box="[835,1092,1258,1282]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="A2AC4E47104F35208D40E697257CFAAF" collectingDate="2014-02-01" collectionCode="TBRE" collectorName="Hill &amp; Island &amp; Tan J" country="Malaysia" location="Penang" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" specimenCode="TBRE1" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Pulau Pinang">
<collectingCountry id="6AD3048A104F35208D40E6972595FAEF" box="[1106,1265,1258,1282]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
.
<specimenCount id="04C28F93104F35208C10E697241FFAEF" box="[1282,1403,1258,1282]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(reg. UIR010214-
<specimenCode id="4262EC61104F35208AC0E7772546FACF" box="[978,1058,1290,1314]" collectionCode="TBRE" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">TBRE1</specimenCode>
&amp;2),
<collectingRegion id="D0008AF8104F35208D4BE77625CCFACE" box="[1113,1192,1291,1315]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Penang</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="BF3121CC104F35208DA3E77725B9FACF" box="[1201,1245,1290,1314]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Hill</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="D0008AF8104F35208DF9E776245EFACE" box="[1259,1338,1291,1315]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Penang</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="BF3121CC104F35208C56E77724ECFACF" box="[1348,1416,1290,1314]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Island</collectorName>
, coll.
<collectorName id="BF3121CC104F35208A51E75622E2FAAF" box="[835,902,1323,1346]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Tan J</collectorName>
,
<date id="667A62DA104F35208A87E757257CFAAF" box="[917,1048,1322,1346]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" value="2014-02-01">
<collectingDate id="763E9B32104F35208A87E757257CFAAF" box="[917,1048,1322,1346]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" value="2014-02-01">1 Feb.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="A2AC4E47104F35208D35E7572456FA8F" collectionCode="TBRE" collectorName="Gunung Jerai &amp; Tan J &amp; Chan ZY" country="Malaysia" location="Kedah" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" specimenCode="TBRE3" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kedah">
<specimenCount id="04C28F93104F35208D35E75725EEFAAF" box="[1063,1162,1322,1346]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(reg. UIR090614-
<specimenCode id="4262EC61104F35208C70E75724D2FAAF" box="[1378,1462,1322,1346]" collectionCode="TBRE" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">TBRE3</specimenCode>
),
<collectorName id="BF3121CC104F35208A56E73722B0FA8F" box="[836,980,1354,1378]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Gunung Jerai</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="D0008AF8104F35208ACCE7372542FA8F" box="[990,1062,1354,1378]" country="Malaysia" name="Kedah" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Kedah</collectingRegion>
, coll.
<collectorName id="BF3121CC104F35208D76E73625F9FA8F" box="[1124,1181,1355,1378]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Tan J</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="BF3121CC104F35208DDDE7372456FA8F" box="[1231,1330,1354,1378]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Chan ZY</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
, 9 June.2014.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5ADE1791104F35208A51E7F72470F94F" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A51E7F72563F9EF" blockId="15.[835,1475,1418,1538]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A51E7F722DCFA4F" bold="true" box="[835,952,1418,1442]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Female individuals of
<taxonomicName id="D5C43F99104F35208DB5E7F62456FA4F" box="[1191,1330,1418,1442]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Thelacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevispina">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208DB5E7F62456FA4F" box="[1191,1330,1418,1442]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">T. brevispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are identified based on the two large longitudinally ovoid depressions on the abdomen as well as posterior spines that occur on swollen tubercles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A51E4572470F94F" blockId="15.[835,1474,1578,1698]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A51E457229DF9AF" bold="true" box="[835,1017,1578,1602]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Natural history.</emphasis>
In Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="6AD3048A104F35208D82E4572590F9AF" box="[1168,1268,1578,1602]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, female individuals appear to be abundant in the highlands close to human settlements. Sub-females may display lighter and vibrant abdominal coloration. Males not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5ADE1791104F35208A51E4B72550F8EF" pageId="15" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="127B441A104F35208A51E4B72550F8EF" blockId="15.[835,1474,1738,1794]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="20B09808104F35208A51E4B722B2F90F" bold="true" box="[835,982,1738,1762]" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="6AD3048A104F35208ACFE4B72505F90F" box="[989,1121,1738,1762]" name="Madagascar" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6AD3048A104F35208D7EE4B725C1F90F" box="[1132,1189,1738,1762]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">India</collectingCountry>
, Southeast Asia,
<collectingCountry id="6AD3048A104F35208C72E4B724A6F90F" box="[1376,1474,1738,1762]" name="Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">Australia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="6AD3048A104F35208A60E4972554F8EF" box="[882,1072,1770,1794]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="15" pageNumber="47">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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