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<mods:title id="5053BB76208B9FDE4E30F5096A83F51F">New species and records of Caenidae Newman, 1853 (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Northeastern Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="7A8F927FC992980B2BBF5BB711F574FD">Universidade Estadual do Piauí-UESPI, Campus Heróis do Jenipapo, Laboratório de Zoologia, Campo Maior, Piauí, Brazil. jackson 11505 @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3016 - 9902</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="4DB078296E648F2C6835FC1094BCD7E0">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA, Laboratório de Diptera, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. &amp; alerocha @ inpa. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9874 - 9770</mods:affiliation>
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Male imagos of
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<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FECCB388FE7CB21A" bold="true" box="[349,432,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">Caenis</emphasis>
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from
<collectingCountry id="B39B765AFFC6FFC9FE6DB389FD85B21B" box="[508,585,1266,1292]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(adapted from
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC6FFC9FC9AB389FBD2B21B" author="Dominguez, E. &amp; Molineri, C. &amp; Pescador, M. L. &amp; Hubbard, M. D. &amp; Nieto, C." box="[779,1054,1266,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" refId="ref7169" refString="Dominguez, E., Molineri, C., Pescador, M. L., Hubbard, M. D. &amp; Nieto, C. (2006) Ephemeroptera of South America. In: Adis, J., Arias, J. R., Rueda-Delgado, G. &amp; Wantzen, K. M. (Eds.), Aquatic biodiversity of Latin America. ABLA Series. Vol. 2. Pensoft, Sofia, Moscow, pp. 1 - 646." type="book" year="2006">
Domínguez
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FC31B388FC18B21A" bold="true" box="[928,980,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">et al</emphasis>
. 2006
</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B243FA50B25A" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" box="[151,1436,1336,1358]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B243FA50B25A" box="[151,1436,1336,1358]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">1. Apex of the forceps sharp and sclerotized................................................................. 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B22EFA50B27C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" box="[151,1436,1365,1387]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B22EFA50B27C" box="[151,1436,1365,1387]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">- Apex of the forceps rounded........................................................................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B209FA50B290" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" box="[151,1436,1394,1416]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B209FA50B290" box="[151,1436,1394,1416]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">2(1). Forceps narrowing gradually toward the apex.............................................................. 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B2EBFA50B2B2" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" box="[151,1436,1424,1446]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B2EBFA50B2B2" box="[151,1436,1424,1446]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">- Forceps sharpening abruptly at the apex................................................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B2D6FA50B2F7" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B2D6FA50B2F7" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
3(2). Surface of the forceps without setae with 3 subapical denticles; lobes of the penis fused, without vestige of a dividing groove (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC6FFC9FF60B2B1FE44B2C8" author="Da-Silva, E. R." box="[241,392,1482,1504]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" pagination="413 - 416" refId="ref7115" refString="Da-Silva, E. R. (1993) Descricao do imago macho de Caenis cuniana Froehlich, com notas biologicas (Ephemeroptera, Caenidae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 10 (3), 413 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81751993000300007" type="journal article" year="1993">Da-Silva, 1993</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC6FFC9FE01B2B1FE05B2F7" box="[400,457,1482,1504]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1491,1515]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1468]" captionTargetId="figure-27@5.[151,1436,181,1468]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Caenis marataoan sp. nov. female imago:A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, lateral view; C, habitus, ventral view. (Scale: Figs 3AC = 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521367/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)....................................................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC6FFC9FA97B2B0FA50B2F7" ID-CoL="P9KN" authorityName="Froechlich" authorityYear="1969" box="[1286,1436,1483,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuniana">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FA97B2B0FA50B2F7" box="[1286,1436,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">Caenis cuniana</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B293FA50B10C" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
- Forceps generally with small tubercles and setae on outer basal margin; forceps 7.39.5 times longer than width at the middle; apophyses strongly developed, wide and long (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC6FFC9FD3DB17EFCBDB10D" author="Molineri, C. &amp; Grillet, M. E. &amp; Nieto, C. &amp; Dominguez, E. &amp; Guerrero, E." box="[684,881,1541,1563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref8240" refString="Molineri, C., Grillet, M. E., Nieto, C., Dominguez, E. &amp; Guerrero, E. (2011) New species and records for the mayfly families Caenidae, Leptohyphidae and Coryphoridae (Ephemeroptera, Pannota) from Venezuelan Guayana's uplands. Zootaxa, 2750 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2750.1.4" type="journal article" year="2011">
Molineri
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FC99B17DFCFEB10D" box="[776,818,1541,1563]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC6FFC9FCE8B17EFC7AB10D" box="[889,950,1541,1563]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[163,1419,196,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Caenis marataoan sp. nov. male imago, genitalia: A, ventral view; BE, variations in forceps. Abbreviations: f = forceps; p = penis; sp = styliger plate; a = apophysis; cs = central sclerite. (Scale: Fig. 2A = 0.1 mm; Figs 2BE = 0.05 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521365/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC6FFC9FC50B17EFC02B10C" box="[961,974,1541,1563]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="6.[151,251,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1815]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE. 5. Caenis marataoan sp. nov. egg: A, general view; B, detail of micropyle; C, detail of polar cap. Abbreviations: pc = polar cap; c = chorion; mc = micropyle; sg = sperm guide. (Scale: Fig. 4A = 20 µm; Figs 4B, C = 10 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521369/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC6FFC9FC48B17EFBDDB10C" box="[985,1041,1541,1563]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1978,2002]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,781,1955]" captionTargetId="figure-176@8.[151,1436,781,1955]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male imagos, body dorsal view and genitalia ventral view: AB, Brasilocaenis irmleri; CD, B. elidioi; EF, Caenis chamie; GH, C. fittkaui. (Scale: Figs 5A, C, E, F = 1 mm; Figs 5B, D, F, H = 0.2 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521371/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">6AF</figureCitation>
)...................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC6FFC9FA85B17EFA50B10C" ID-CoL="5WT6W" authorityName="Molineri, Grillet, Nieto, Dominguez &amp; Guerrero" authorityYear="2011" box="[1300,1436,1541,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teipunensis">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FA85B17EFA50B10C" box="[1300,1436,1541,1563]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">C. teipunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC6FFC9FF06B159FA50B198" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B159FA51B142" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B159FA51B142" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
4(2). Forceps approximately six times longer than width at half length; about six setae present on ventral surface (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC6FFC9FB65B159FA56B12F" author="Malzacher, P." box="[1268,1434,1570,1592]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" pagination="83 - 103" refId="ref7911" refString="Malzacher, P. (1986) Caenidae aus dem Amazonasgebiet (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Spixiana, 9, 83 - 103." type="journal article" year="1986">Malzacher, 1986</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC6FFC9FF7BB13BFE98B142" box="[234,340,1599,1622]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="6.[151,251,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1815]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE. 5. Caenis marataoan sp. nov. egg: A, general view; B, detail of micropyle; C, detail of polar cap. Abbreviations: pc = polar cap; c = chorion; mc = micropyle; sg = sperm guide. (Scale: Fig. 4A = 20 µm; Figs 4B, C = 10 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521369/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">Figs 5B, C</figureCitation>
, 11)............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC6FFC9FAB3B13BFA51B142" ID-CoL="P9K7" authorityName="Malzacher" authorityYear="1986" box="[1314,1437,1600,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candelata">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FAB3B13BFA51B142" box="[1314,1437,1600,1621]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">C. candelata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B126FA50B198" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B126FA50B198" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
- Forceps approximately 9-11 times longer than width at half length, approximately 15-20 setae present on ventral surface (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC6FFC9FF60B101FE5BB187" author="Malzacher, P." box="[241,407,1658,1680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" pagination="83 - 103" refId="ref7911" refString="Malzacher, P. (1986) Caenidae aus dem Amazonasgebiet (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Spixiana, 9, 83 - 103." type="journal article" year="1986">Malzacher, 1986</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC6FFC9FE0EB101FE22B187" box="[415,494,1658,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="6.[151,251,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[151,1436,181,1815]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE. 5. Caenis marataoan sp. nov. egg: A, general view; B, detail of micropyle; C, detail of polar cap. Abbreviations: pc = polar cap; c = chorion; mc = micropyle; sg = sperm guide. (Scale: Fig. 4A = 20 µm; Figs 4B, C = 10 µm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521369/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">Figs 5A</figureCitation>
, 10)..................................................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC6FFC9FAADB100FA50B198" ID-CoL="P9L2" authorityName="Malzacher" authorityYear="1986" box="[1340,1436,1658,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fittkaui">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FAADB100FA50B198" box="[1340,1436,1658,1680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">C. fittkaui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC6FFC9FF06B1ECFA50B012" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B1ECFA50B1DC" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B1ECFA50B1DC" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">5(1). Finger-like median process present in abdominal tergum II; fore leg twice as long as hind leg or longer; forceps and sclerites of the genitalia strongly colored........................................................................... 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B1A8FA50B012" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B1A8FA50B012" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">- Abdominal tergum II without median projections (but lateral projections may be present); fore leg at most 1.8 times the length of hind leg; forceps and sclerites of the genitalia nearly uncolored)............................................. 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC6FFC9FF06B076FA51B06C" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B076FA51B028" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B076FA51B028" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
6(5). Lateral filaments of abdominal segments relatively short; lobes of penis short and laterally rounded; apophyses of the styliger sclerite long and thin, somewhat distanced from the base of the forceps (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC6FFC9FC30B051FB8BB028" author="Malzacher, P." box="[929,1095,1834,1856]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref8068" refString="Malzacher, P. (2001) South and Central American Caenis species with rounded forceps tips (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Caenidae). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 626, 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2012.713112" type="journal article" year="2001">Malzacher, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: Figs 7AE)......
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC6FFC9FA8BB050FA51B028" ID-CoL="P9N3" authorityName="Malzacher" authorityYear="2001" box="[1306,1437,1834,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plaumanni">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FA8BB050FA51B028" box="[1306,1437,1834,1856]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">C. plaumanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B033FA51B06C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B033FA51B06C" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
- Central sclerite of styliger elongated; apophyses of styliger sclerite broad and short; penis whitish with rounded lateral lobes (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC6FFC9FF60B01EFDC5B06D" author="Molineri, C. &amp; Malzacher, P." box="[241,521,1893,1915]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref8189" refString="Molineri, C. &amp; Malzacher, P. (2007) South American Caenis Stephens (Ephemeroptera, Caenidae), new species and stage descriptions. Zootaxa, 1660 (1), 1 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1660.1.1" type="journal article" year="2007">Molineri &amp; Malzacher, 2007</bibRefCitation>
: Figs 9698)..........................................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC6FFC9FADBB01EFA51B06C" ID-CoL="P9NX" authorityName="Molineri &amp; Malzacher" authorityYear="2007" box="[1354,1437,1893,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uruzu">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FADBB01EFA51B06C" box="[1354,1437,1893,1915]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">C. uruzu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC6FFC9FF06B0F9FA50B0A2" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B0F9FA50B080" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" box="[151,1436,1922,1944]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B0F9FA50B080" box="[151,1436,1922,1944]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">7(5). Lobes of the penis totally fused, without a median groove.................................................... 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B0DBFA50B0A2" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" box="[151,1436,1952,1974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B0DBFA50B0A2" box="[151,1436,1952,1974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">- Groove separating the lobes of the penis visible............................................................ 9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC6FFCAFF06B0C6FA50B7DD" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC6FFC9FF06B0C6FA50B0E7" blockId="9.[151,1437,1336,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC6FFC9FF06B0C6FA50B0E7" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">
8(7). Forceps somewhat curved toward median line; without trichomes or minute spines at apex; posterior margin of styliger plate more or less straight; penis rounded and narrow at the base (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC6FFC9FCBDB0A1FBEAB0F8" author="Pereira, S. M. &amp; Da-Silva, E. R." box="[812,1062,2010,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref8576" refString="Pereira, S. M. &amp; Da-Silva, E. R. (1990) Nova especie de Caenis Stephens, 1835 do sudeste do Brasil (Ephemeroptera, Caenidae). Boletim do Museu Nacional (Rio de Janeiro), Zoologia, 341, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1990">Pereira &amp; Da-Silva, 1990</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC6FFC9FBBFB0A1FBABB0E7" box="[1070,1127,2010,2032]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-27@3.[151,1436,181,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Caenis marataoan sp. nov. male imago: A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, lateral view; C, habitus, ventral view; D, detail of thorax (ventral view); E, detail of abdomen (dorsal view). (Scale: Figs 1AE = 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521363" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521363/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC6FFC9FAAEB0A0FA50B0E7" ID-CoL="5WSTP" authorityName="Pereira &amp; Da-Silva" authorityYear="1990" box="[1343,1436,2011,2032]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cigana">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC6FFC9FAAEB0A0FA50B0E7" box="[1343,1436,2011,2032]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="119">C. cigana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B7E3FA50B7DD" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B7E3FA50B7DD" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
- Forceps curved toward median line, covered with trichomes with 23 minute spines at apex; posterior margin of styliger plate short convex; penis square-shaped, not narrow at base..................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC5FFCAFB09B7CEFA85B7DD" authority="Nascimento &amp; Rodrigues &amp; Ale-Rocha &amp; Lima, 2022" authorityName="Nascimento &amp; Rodrigues &amp; Ale-Rocha &amp; Lima" authorityYear="2022" box="[1176,1353,181,202]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marataoan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFB09B7CEFA85B7DD" box="[1176,1353,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">Caenis marataoan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFAC1B7CEFA50B7DD" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,181,202]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2CB57A3FFC5FFCAFAC1B7CEFA50B7DD" box="[1360,1436,181,202]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC5FFCAFF06B7A9FA50B612" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B7A9FA50B7F0" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" box="[151,1436,210,232]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B7A9FA50B7F0" box="[151,1436,210,232]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">9(7). Penis with laterally protruding lobes.................................................................... 10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B78BFA50B612" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" box="[151,1436,239,261]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B78BFA50B612" box="[151,1436,239,261]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">- Lobes of penis very short and not or only slightl y protruding................................................ 13</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC5FFCAFF06B676FA50B628" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B676FA50B635" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B676FA50B635" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">10(9). Posterior margin of styliger plate straight or rounded....................................................... 11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B650FA50B628" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" box="[151,1436,298,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B650FA50B628" box="[151,1436,298,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">- Posterior margin of styliger plate subtriangular............................................................ 12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC5FFCAFF06B633FA51B6A3" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B633FA50B66D" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B633FA50B66D" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
11(10). Fore margin of the styliger sclerite convex; apophyses of styliger sclerite bent inwards (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC5FFCAFBA5B63CFB15B64A" author="Malzacher, P." box="[1076,1241,327,349]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref8068" refString="Malzacher, P. (2001) South and Central American Caenis species with rounded forceps tips (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Caenidae). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 626, 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2012.713112" type="journal article" year="2001">Malzacher, 2001</bibRefCitation>
: Figs 9AI)..................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC5FFCAFAAEB61EFA50B66D" ID-CoL="P9NV" baseAuthorityName="Navas" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[1343,1436,357,378]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenella">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFAAEB61EFA50B66D" box="[1343,1436,357,378]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">C. tenella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B6F8FA51B6A3" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B6F8FA51B6A3" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
- Fore margin of the styliger sclerite straight; apophyses of styliger sclerite pointed and straight (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC5FFCAFB1DB6F9FAF3B68F" author="Lima, L. R. C. &amp; Molineri, C. &amp; Pinheiro, U." box="[1164,1343,386,408]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" pagination="589 - 592" refId="ref7511" refString="Lima, L. R. C., Molineri, C. &amp; Pinheiro, U. (2015 b) A new species of Caenis Stephens, 1836 (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) from Southern Brazil. Zootaxa, 3941 (4), 589 - 592. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3941.4.8" type="journal article" year="2015">
Lima
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFB56B6F8FB3FB680" box="[1223,1267,386,408]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">et al</emphasis>
. 2015b
</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC5FFCAFADBB6F9FF30B6A2" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,279,1175]" captionTargetId="figure-69@1.[151,1436,273,1176]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distributional map with records of Brasilocaenis irmleri, B. elidioi, Caenis chamie, C. fittkaui, and Caenis marataoan sp. nov. A, Map of South America indicating previous records; B, Map of Piauí State, Brazil with new distributional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521361/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">Figs 1C, D</figureCitation>
)........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC5FFCAFAABB6DBFA51B6A3" box="[1338,1437,415,437]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaucha">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFAABB6DBFA51B6A3" box="[1338,1437,415,437]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">C. gaucha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC5FFCAFF06B6C6FA50B53D" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B6C6FA50B6F8" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B6C6FA50B6F8" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
12(10). Apical margin of penis convex; apophyses of the styliger sclerite bent inwardly, fore margin of the styliger sclerite concave (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC5FFCAFF60B6A1FE5BB6F8" author="Malzacher, P." box="[241,407,474,496]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" pagination="31 - 39" refId="ref7979" refString="Malzacher, P. (1990) Neue Arten der Eintagsfliegen-Familie Caenidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) aus Sudamerika. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 25, 31 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650529009360799" type="journal article" year="1990">Malzacher, 1990</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC5FFCAFE0EB6A1FDC5B6E7" box="[415,521,474,496]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,279,1175]" captionTargetId="figure-69@1.[151,1436,273,1176]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distributional map with records of Brasilocaenis irmleri, B. elidioi, Caenis chamie, C. fittkaui, and Caenis marataoan sp. nov. A, Map of South America indicating previous records; B, Map of Piauí State, Brazil with new distributional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521361/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">Figs 1A, B</figureCitation>
)...............................................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC5FFCAFA81B6A1FA50B6F8" ID-CoL="P9MX" authorityName="Malzacher" authorityYear="1990" box="[1296,1436,474,495]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pflugfelderi">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFA81B6A1FA50B6F8" box="[1296,1436,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">C. pflugfelderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B683FA50B53D" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B683FA50B53D" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
- Apical margin of penis straight; apophyses of the styliger sclerite pointed and straight, fore margin of the styliger sclerite straight (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC5FFCAFEAEB56EFD47B53D" author="Alba-Tercedor, J. &amp; Mosquera, S." box="[319,651,533,555]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" pagination="61 - 67" refId="ref6918" refString="Alba-Tercedor, J. &amp; Mosquera, S. (1999) Caenis chamie, a new species from Colombia (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae). Pan- Pacific Entomologist, 75 (2), 61 - 67." type="journal article" year="1999">Alba-Tercedor &amp; Mosquera, 1999</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC5FFCAFD02B56EFD03B53D" box="[659,719,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[160,1432,279,1175]" captionTargetId="figure-69@1.[151,1436,273,1176]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distributional map with records of Brasilocaenis irmleri, B. elidioi, Caenis chamie, C. fittkaui, and Caenis marataoan sp. nov. A, Map of South America indicating previous records; B, Map of Piauí State, Brazil with new distributional records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521361/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="53B72A4FFFC5FFCAFD4AB56EFD24B53C" box="[731,744,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1491,1515]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1468]" captionTargetId="figure-27@5.[151,1436,181,1468]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Caenis marataoan sp. nov. female imago:A, habitus, dorsal view; B, habitus, lateral view; C, habitus, ventral view. (Scale: Figs 3AC = 0.5 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521367/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">4</figureCitation>
)...............................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC5FFCAFAAAB56EFA50B53D" ID-CoL="P9KC" authorityName="Alba-Tercedor &amp; Mosquera" authorityYear="1999" box="[1339,1436,533,554]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chamie">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFAAAB56EFA50B53D" box="[1339,1436,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">C. chamie</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC5FFCAFF06B549FA50B588" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B549FA51B573" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B549FA51B573" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
13(9). Lobes of the penis very short and swollen at base; styliger plate usually covering the penis; prosternal triangle narrow and triangular, usually closed toward apex (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC5FFCAFDF5B534FCC6B572" author="Malzacher, P." box="[612,778,591,613]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" pagination="83 - 103" refId="ref7911" refString="Malzacher, P. (1986) Caenidae aus dem Amazonasgebiet (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Spixiana, 9, 83 - 103." type="journal article" year="1986">Malzacher, 1986</bibRefCitation>
: Figs 13A, 16, 18A, B)..........................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC5FFCAFAA3B52BFA51B573" ID-CoL="P9NK" authorityName="Malzacher" authorityYear="1985" box="[1330,1437,591,613]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sigillata">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFAA3B52BFA51B573" box="[1330,1437,591,613]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">C. sigillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B516FA50B588" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B516FA50B588" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">- Lobes of the penis relatively long; styliger plate not covering penis; prosternal triangle broad and usually open toward apex .................................................................................................. 14</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="70782E6FFFC5FFCAFF06B5D3FA50B425" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B5D3FA50B5EF" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B5D3FA50B5EF" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
14(13). Prosternal triangle very broad and open anteriorly; apex of genital forceps rounded with margins ornamented with small wartlike bumps; basal dilation of the antennal bristle about 1.5 times the length of the pedicel (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC5FFCAFBCBB5BEFACDB5CC" author="Malzacher, P." box="[1114,1281,709,731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" pagination="83 - 103" refId="ref7911" refString="Malzacher, P. (1986) Caenidae aus dem Amazonasgebiet (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Spixiana, 9, 83 - 103." type="journal article" year="1986">Malzacher, 1986</bibRefCitation>
: Figs 12E, 13C, 17, 18C)...............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC5FFCAFA95B599FA50B5EF" ID-CoL="P9NC" authorityName="Malzacher" authorityYear="1986" box="[1284,1436,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quatipuruica">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFA95B599FA50B5EF" box="[1284,1436,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">C. quatipuruica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB3336CAFFC5FFCAFF06B47BFA50B425" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
<keyLead id="707D95FFFFC5FFCAFF06B47BFA50B425" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">
- Prosternal triangle tapered and open anteriorly; apex of forceps without ornamented margins; basal dilation of the antennal bristle shorter than the length of the pedicel (
<bibRefCitation id="AF1D4B3BFFC5FFCAFD08B466FCF2B424" author="Malzacher, P." box="[665,830,797,819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" pagination="83 - 103" refId="ref7911" refString="Malzacher, P. (1986) Caenidae aus dem Amazonasgebiet (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Spixiana, 9, 83 - 103." type="journal article" year="1986">Malzacher, 1986</bibRefCitation>
: Figs 12C, 13B, 15, 18DF)....................
<taxonomicName id="0C8C4D49FFC5FFCAFADCB466FA50B425" ID-CoL="P9ND" authorityName="Malzacher" authorityYear="1986" box="[1357,1436,797,818]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reissi">
<emphasis id="F9F8EAD8FFC5FFCAFADCB466FA50B425" box="[1357,1436,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="120">C. reissi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>