571 lines
68 KiB
XML
571 lines
68 KiB
XML
<document id="4CF4C677BBE416BA6B12EB97AF311FC4" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.278198" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1081b889-544a-4454-b4f6-98d3bbcef5b0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="278198" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460318745118" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Clark, Roger N. & Jewett, Stephen C." docDate="2011" docId="03D50E50573BA05C99EEFC71FE42CEA2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02963p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2963" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Hippasteria aleutica Clark & Jewett, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="FFEC7628573AA0599979FFDFFFBACF56" masterDocTitle="A new sea star of the genus Hippasteria (Asteroidea: Goniasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="48" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698255654456" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="024F64075C24B00CD926275EE4D1F603" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E423A0497C19B0DCE46FA502ACE45869">
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<mods:title id="6AF649BBC8B44A5B5DE9E64F51C94186">A new sea star of the genus Hippasteria (Asteroidea: Goniasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4271B6C5FFFCB69150C4483DD4C3CFB5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AC0554BEE95C4BEF07103A3414EA511E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0536C9462AF460A50CFFBD625B18FB6B">Clark, Roger N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="EC19920CE5302DE798FCA41A47C79DCF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E30085DBFAAAD541ABE06E8137411E9A">Jewett, Stephen C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FCD58C69E4870FFA79CFA4C49D85309E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="531FF789155272BE10B7264E8F38FBEC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="99E339EF61C7DE78AFDA7A2152F5BC8A">
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<mods:date id="9D4C062D41B0A0F97EFCE9CBBF5628BA">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E1DBA18622597D9EAD35DC4F9A875CE2">2963</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D50E50573BA05C99EEFC71FE42CEA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6193268" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119402012" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6193268" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D50E50573BA05C99EEFC71FE42CEA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D50E50573BA05C99EEFC71FE42CEA2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C366ECCD573BA05899EEFC71FD96CB79" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899EEFC71FE4ACC9E" blockId="1.[151,496,942,1001]" box="[151,496,942,968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D08B082A573BA05899EEFC71FE4ACC9E" bold="true" box="[151,496,942,968]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9086354573BA05899EEFC71FE4ACC9E" bold="true" box="[151,496,942,968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573BA05899EEFC71FE36CC9E" ID-CoL="3LZ49" box="[151,396,942,968]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aleutica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9086354573BA05899EEFC71FE36CC9E" bold="true" box="[151,396,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Hippasteria aleutica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23BDE2F573BA05898EAFC71FE4ACC9E" box="[403,496,942,968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899EEFC0EFF45CCBF" blockId="1.[151,496,942,1001]" box="[151,255,977,1001]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<figureCitation id="1347A3C3573BA05899EEFC0EFF45CCBF" box="[151,255,977,1001]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,929,952]" captionTargetBox-0="[176,1409,306,1849]" captionTargetBox-1="[329,1257,195,905]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[173,1413,303,1852]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[326,1261,193,908]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 6. Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov., Holotype, LACM 2008 - 030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live, in situ, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Map of Aleutian Islands showing distribution of Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/278200/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Figs. 1–7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899EEFBC5FD96CB79" blockId="1.[151,556,1049,1071]" box="[151,556,1049,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6C9868573BA05899EEFBC5FD96CB79" box="[151,556,1049,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B9086354573BA05899EEFBC5FE89CB79" box="[151,307,1050,1071]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573BA05899EEFBC5FEAACB79" ID-CoL="7P63S" box="[151,272,1050,1071]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Hippasteria</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADD9957573BA0589840FBC5FD92CB79" author="Barr" box="[313,552,1049,1071]" page="175" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" year="1983">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573BA0589840FBC5FE4CCB79" author="Barr" box="[313,502,1050,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" refString="Barr, L. & Barr, N. (1983) Under Alaskan Seas. Alaska Northwest Publishing Company, Anchorage." type="book" year="1983">Barr & Barr, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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: 175
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366ECCD573BA05B99EEFB83FE00CFE6" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899EEFB83FAEECB22" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[151,1364,1115,1140]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B9086354573BA05899EEFB83FE8FCB22" bold="true" box="[151,309,1115,1140]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="54C701E4573BA05899EEFB83FF68CB22" box="[151,210,1116,1140]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Rat Island (51º
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178º
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),
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, (
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07-A0031).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899BEFB5FFECFCBCE" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[199,373,1151,1176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="54C701E4573BA05899BEFB5FFEB8CBCE" box="[199,258,1152,1176]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899E6FB6AFA2ACB9F" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[159,1424,1203,1226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="54C701E4573BA05899E6FB6AFF6BCB9C" box="[159,209,1205,1226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
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||
Deposition Collection Location Collection Collection Date Collector & Method
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA0589A46FB0DFC27CBBE" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[831,925,1234,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Depth, m</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899E6FB24FACCCA47" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[159,1398,1275,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<bibRef id="52DC2BB0573BA05899E6FB24FACCCA47" box="[159,1398,1275,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="journal article">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573BA05899E6FB24FE0DCA47" author="Holotype" box="[159,439,1275,1297]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" refString="Holotype LACM 2008 - 030.001 Rat Island 51 º 49.594 N, 13 June 8, 2008 R. N. Clark, scuba" type="journal article" year="2008">
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<author id="53C157A3573BA05899E6FB24FEC7CA47" box="[159,381,1275,1297]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="54C701E4573BA05899E6FB24FF47CA47" box="[159,253,1275,1297]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</author>
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||
<year id="FFD4FE15573BA05898FDFB23FE0DCA47" box="[388,439,1276,1297]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">2008</year>
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
-
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||
<title id="F9785470573BA05898C7FB23FD28CA47" box="[446,658,1275,1298]" jopScore="0.01438849" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">030.001 Rat Island</title>
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<part id="FFD815DB573BA0589BE0FB24FD0ACA47" box="[665,688,1275,1297]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="volume">51</part>
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||
º
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D981573BA0589BCEFB24FCA0CA44" box="[695,794,1275,1298]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="55" value="49.594">49.594 N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<pagination id="B2B541B2573BA0589A46FB23FCE2CA47" box="[831,856,1276,1297]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="pagination">13</pagination>
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<journalOrPublisher id="51BDB58A573BA0589A91FB22FB91CA47" box="[1000,1067,1276,1298]" jopScore="0.020143885" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="_" typeScore="1">June 8</journalOrPublisher>
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||
, 2008 R.N. Clark, scuba
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||
</bibRef>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA058984DFAC4FD4FCA66" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[308,757,1306,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<specimenCount id="9D7A74CF573BA058984DFAC4FE1DCA66" box="[308,423,1306,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
dry 178º
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D981573BA0589B29FAC4FD0ACA66" box="[592,688,1307,1328]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="55" value="27.184">27.184 E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D7A74CF573BA0589BC3FAC4FD4FCA66" box="[698,757,1307,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="generic">
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<quantity id="4C8412A3573BA0589BC3FAC4FD4BCA66" box="[698,753,1307,1328]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA0589B5DFAE5FD5BCA19" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[548,737,1338,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<collectionCode id="ED6D2783573BA0589B5DFAE5FDC7CA19" box="[548,637,1338,1359]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">AKALE</collectionCode>
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07-A0031
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899E6FABCFA39CA2E" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[159,1411,1378,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="54C701E4573BA05899E6FABCFF42CA2E" box="[159,248,1379,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED6D2783573BA058984DFABCFEC7CA2E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[308,381,1379,1400]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">USNM</collectionCode>
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||
1125124 Chuginadak Is
|
||
<date id="FFC29986573BA0589A46FABCFB82CA2E" box="[831,1080,1378,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" value="1916-06-17">17 June 16</date>
|
||
, 2006 H. Chenelot, scuba
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA058984DFA5DFD1CCAC1" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[308,678,1409,1431]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<specimenCount id="9D7A74CF573BA058984DFA5DFE1DCAC1" box="[308,423,1409,1431]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
dry 52°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D981573BA0589B3CFA5EFD1CCAC1" box="[581,678,1409,1431]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="55" value="48.289">48.289 N</geoCoordinate>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA0589B5DFA7FFD03CAE0" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[548,697,1440,1462]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
169°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D981573BA0589B28FA7FFD03CAE0" box="[593,697,1440,1462]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="55" value="-42.526">42.526 W</geoCoordinate>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA0589B5DFA61FD74CA82" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[548,718,1470,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<collectionCode id="ED6D2783573BA0589B5DFA61FDC6CA82" box="[548,636,1470,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">AKALE</collectionCode>
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06-0010
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899E6FA36FA33CAA8" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[159,1417,1512,1534]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="54C701E4573BA05899E6FA36FF42CAA8" box="[159,248,1513,1534]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED6D2783573BA058984DFA37FEC7CAAB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[308,381,1512,1533]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">USNM</collectionCode>
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<accessionNumber id="942F22A5573BA05898FDFA37FE69CAAB" box="[388,467,1512,1533]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/E47392" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="EnaNcbi">E47392</accessionNumber>
|
||
Kiska Is
|
||
<date id="FFC29986573BA0589A46FA37FB8ECAAB" box="[831,1076,1512,1534]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" value="1991-07-31">91 July 31</date>
|
||
, 1997 R.N. Clark, trawled
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA058984DF9D8FD1EC96D" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7A74CF573BA058984DF9D8FE1DC94A" box="[308,423,1542,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
dry 52°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D981573BA0589B3FF9D9FD23C94A" box="[582,665,1542,1564]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="555" value="4.17">04.17 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573BA0589D8AF9D7FAD8C94B" box="[1267,1378,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Dominator</emphasis>
|
||
177°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D981573BA0589B2BF9FAFD1EC96D" box="[594,676,1573,1595]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="555" value="15.2">15.20 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA0589B5DF99BFCB6C90F" blockId="1.[151,1424,1115,1625]" box="[548,780,1604,1625]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6D2783573BA0589B5DF99BFDD3C90F" box="[548,617,1604,1625]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">NMFS</collectionCode>
|
||
23-199701-199
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573BA05899E6F9B1FAD8C8FB" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<table id="F97C4DE6573B5FA699EEF9B2FA2AC8BF" box="[151,1424,1645,2025]" gridcols="4" gridrows="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<tr id="354CBD04573B5FA699EEF9B2FA2AC989" box="[151,1424,1645,1759]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="769DD478573B5FA699EEF9B2FE6AC989" box="[151,464,1645,1759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Paratype CASIZ 180539 1 specimen dry</th>
|
||
<th id="769DD478573B5FA69B5DF9B2FCDFC989" box="[548,869,1645,1759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">NW of Semisopochnoi Is 64 52°13.78 N 179°58.10 E NMFS 23-199701-154</th>
|
||
<th id="769DD478573B5FA69A91F9B2FBC8C989" box="[1000,1138,1645,1759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">July 27, 1997</th>
|
||
<th id="769DD478573B5FA69DBBF9B2FA2AC989" box="[1218,1424,1645,1759]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
R.N. Clark, trawled R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573BA0589D8AF952FAD8C9F4" box="[1267,1378,1677,1698]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Dominator</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354CBD04573B5FA699EEF92DFA2AC832" box="[151,1424,1778,1892]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="769DD478573B5FA699EEF92DFE6AC832" box="[151,464,1778,1892]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Paratype UAF Inv 8140 1 specimen dry</th>
|
||
<td id="769DD478573B5FA69B5DF92DFCDFC832" box="[548,869,1778,1892]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Umak Bight/Umak Is 8 51°53.45 N 175°58.282 W AKALE07-0013</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD478573B5FA69A91F92DFBC8C832" box="[1000,1138,1778,1892]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">July 14, 2007</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD478573B5FA69DBBF92DFA2AC832" box="[1218,1424,1778,1892]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">H. Chenelot, scuba</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354CBD04573B5FA699EEF8A7FA2AC8BF" box="[151,1424,1912,2025]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<th id="769DD478573B5FA699EEF8A7FE6AC8BF" box="[151,464,1912,2025]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Paratype AB11-0002 1 specimen dry</th>
|
||
<td id="769DD478573B5FA69B5DF8A7FCDFC8BF" box="[548,869,1912,2025]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">SE of Amlia Is 214 51°55.72 N 172°53.58 W NMFS 23-199701-88</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD478573B5FA69A91F8A7FBC8C8BF" box="[1000,1138,1912,2025]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">July 5, 1997</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD478573B5FA69DBBF8A7FA2AC8BF" box="[1218,1424,1912,2025]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">R.N. Clark, trawled R/V Dominator</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF465738A05B99BEFF48FE00CFE6" blockId="2.[199,442,151,176]" box="[199,442,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545738A05B99BEFF48FE00CFE6" bold="true" box="[199,442,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Additional material.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF465738A05B99E6FF14FB48CB3E" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<table id="F97C4DE657385FA699E6FF14FAC0CBF3" box="[159,1402,203,1189]" gridcols="5" gridrows="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<tr id="354CBD0457385FA699E6FF14FAC0CE56" box="[159,1402,203,256]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA699E6FF14FEC6CE56" box="[159,380,203,256]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Deposition</th>
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA698C1FF14FD16CE56" box="[440,684,203,256]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Collection Location</th>
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA69B9EFF14FCEACE56" box="[743,848,203,256]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Collection Depth, m</th>
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA69AE9FF14FB96CE56" box="[912,1068,203,256]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Collection Date</th>
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA69DFBFF14FAC0CE56" box="[1154,1402,203,256]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Collector & Method</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354CBD0457385FA699E6FECCFAC0CED0" box="[159,1402,275,390]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA699E6FECCFEC6CED0" box="[159,380,275,390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">LACM 1997-221.001 1 specimen dry</th>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA698C1FECCFD16CED0" box="[440,684,275,390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">SSW of Buldir Is 52°16.53 N 175º58.73 E NMFS 23-199701-245</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69B9EFECCFCEACED0" box="[743,848,275,390]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">141</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69AE9FECCFB96CED0" box="[912,1068,275,390]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">August 9, 1997</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69DFBFECCFAC0CED0" box="[1154,1402,275,390]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
R.N. Clark, trawled R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545738A05B9DFAFEECFB48CE1E" box="[1155,1266,307,328]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Dominator</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354CBD0457385FA699E6FE46FAC0CD5C" box="[159,1402,409,522]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA699E6FE46FEC6CD5C" box="[159,380,409,522]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">R.N. Clark Coll. 2 specimens dry</th>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA698C1FE46FD16CD5C" box="[440,684,409,522]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">S of Kiska Is 51°50.96 N 177°41.35 E NMFS 147-200401-183</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69B9EFE46FCEACD5C" box="[743,848,409,522]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">118</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69AE9FE46FB96CD5C" box="[912,1068,409,522]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">July 23, 2004</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69DFBFE46FAC0CD5C" box="[1154,1402,409,522]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
R.N. Clark, trawled R/V
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C55738A05B9DFAFE67FB5DCE98" box="[1155,1255,440,462]" class="Mammalia" family="Delphinidae" genus="Gladiator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545738A05B9DFAFE67FB5DCE98" box="[1155,1255,440,462]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Gladiator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354CBD0457385FA699E6FDC1FAC0CDC6" box="[159,1402,542,656]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA699E6FDC1FEC6CDC6" box="[159,380,542,656]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">R.N. Clark Coll. 2 specimens dry</th>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA698C1FDC1FD16CDC6" box="[440,684,542,656]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">N of Atka Is 52°12.71 N 174°44.64 W NMFS 23-199701-104</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69B9EFDC1FCEACDC6" box="[743,848,542,656]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">164</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69AE9FDC1FB96CDC6" box="[912,1068,542,656]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">July 8, 1997</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69DFBFDC1FAC0CDC6" box="[1154,1402,542,656]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
R.N. Clark, trawled R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545738A05B9DFAFDE1FB48CD05" box="[1155,1266,574,595]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Dominator</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354CBD0457385FA699E6FD7CFAC0CC43" box="[159,1402,675,789]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA699E6FD7CFEC6CC43" box="[159,380,675,789]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">LACM 1997-154.013 9 specimens dry</th>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA698C1FD7CFD16CC43" box="[440,684,675,789]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">W of Tanaga Is 51°44.50 N 178º07.68 W NMFS 23-199701-137</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69B9EFD7CFCEACC43" box="[743,848,675,789]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">95</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69AE9FD7CFB96CC43" box="[912,1068,675,789]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">July 15, 1997</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69DFBFD7CFAC0CC43" box="[1154,1402,675,789]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
R.N. Clark, trawled R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545738A05B9DFAFD1CFB48CD8E" box="[1155,1266,707,728]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Dominator</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354CBD0457385FA699E6FCF6FAC0CCCC" box="[159,1402,809,922]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA699E6FCF6FEC6CCCC" box="[159,380,809,922]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">R.N. Clark Coll. 2 specimens dry</th>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA698C1FCF6FD16CCCC" box="[440,684,809,922]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">W of Tanaga Is 51º44.31 N 178º09.16 W NMFS 23-199701-132</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69B9EFCF6FCEACCCC" box="[743,848,809,922]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">88</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69AE9FCF6FB96CCCC" box="[912,1068,809,922]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">July 14, 1997</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69DFBFCF6FAC0CCCC" box="[1154,1402,809,922]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
R.N. Clark, trawled R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545738A05B9DFAFC96FB48CC08" box="[1155,1266,841,862]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Dominator</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354CBD0457385FA699E6FC71FAC0CB76" box="[159,1402,942,1056]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA699E6FC71FEC6CB76" box="[159,380,942,1056]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">LACM 1999-183.001 2 specimens dry</th>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA698C1FC71FD16CB76" box="[440,684,942,1056]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">S of Tigalda Is 53º59.7 N 165°05.058 W NMFS 23-199901-13</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69B9EFC71FCEACB76" box="[743,848,942,1056]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">84</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69AE9FC71FB96CB76" box="[912,1068,942,1056]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">May 19, 1999</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69DFBFC71FAC0CB76" box="[1154,1402,942,1056]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
R.N. Clark, trawled R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545738A05B9DFAFC11FB48CCB5" box="[1155,1266,974,995]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Dominator</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354CBD0457385FA699E6FBECFAC0CBF3" box="[159,1402,1075,1189]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<th id="769DD47857385FA699E6FBECFEC6CBF3" box="[159,380,1075,1189]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">R.N. Clark Coll. 1 specimen dry</th>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA698C1FBECFD16CBF3" box="[440,684,1075,1189]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Unimak Pass 54º22.83 N 165°04.05 W NMFS 23-199901-14</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69B9EFBECFCEACBF3" box="[743,848,1075,1189]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">139</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69AE9FBECFB96CBF3" box="[912,1068,1075,1189]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">May 20, 1997</td>
|
||
<td id="769DD47857385FA69DFBFBECFAC0CBF3" box="[1154,1402,1075,1189]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">R.N. Clark, trawled R/V Dominator</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C366ECCD5738A05B99BEFB32FBD2CAEF" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF465738A05B99BEFB32FBD2CAEF" blockId="2.[151,1437,1261,1970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545738A05B99BEFB32FEFBCA50" bold="true" box="[199,321,1261,1286]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Large, broad, relatively rigid, R to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A35738A05B9B9EFB32FC88CA53" box="[743,818,1261,1285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
|
||
, R:r 1.7–1.8 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1347A3C35738A05B9AAFFB32FBFFCA53" box="[982,1093,1261,1285]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,306,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,303,1852]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov., Holotype, LACM 2008 - 030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live, in situ, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
); disc very broad, rays short, sharply tapering; abactinal and marginal plates surrounded by pointed granules or thorns, bearing relatively short, thick, blunt, cylindrical spines; abactinal surface also profusely covered with small, bivalve to quadravalve pedicellaria (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1347A3C35738A05B99AEFA86FEA0CA27" box="[215,282,1369,1393]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,306,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,303,1852]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov., Holotype, LACM 2008 - 030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live, in situ, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
); adambulacral plates with two thick, blunt furrow spines, the adoral spine often more compressed than the aboral one, behind which are one or two very thick, blunt subadambulacral spines, and several bluntly pointed granules. Color in life orange to red-orange abactinally, actinal side pale yellow-cream.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C366ECCD5738A05B99BEFA1AFB3DC8E7" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF465738A05B99BEFA1AFB3DC8E7" blockId="2.[151,1437,1261,1970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545738A05B99BEFA1AFEE2CA88" bold="true" box="[199,344,1477,1502]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Large, broad, only slightly inflated, relatively rigid, R to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A35738A05B9AA1FA1AFBA5CA8B" box="[984,1055,1477,1501]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
|
||
, R:r 1.7–1.8 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1347A3C35738A05B9DCFFA1AFA98CA8B" box="[1206,1314,1477,1501]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,306,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,303,1852]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov., Holotype, LACM 2008 - 030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live, in situ, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
); disc very broad, rays broad at base, sharply tapering; abactinal plates small, round or oval, each bearing a single short, blunt cylindrical or inflated (sometimes nearly spherical) spine, or rather short, wide, bivalve pedicellaria (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1347A3C35738A05B9C79F9D2FAF9C973" box="[1280,1347,1549,1573]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,306,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,303,1852]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov., Holotype, LACM 2008 - 030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live, in situ, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
); plates edged with thorn-like granules. Madreporite small, irregularly ridged, located about half way between the anus and the edge of the disc. Marginal plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1347A3C35738A05B9B44F98AFD3BC93B" box="[573,641,1621,1645]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,306,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,303,1852]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov., Holotype, LACM 2008 - 030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live, in situ, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) in regularly paired rows; plates large, nearly round to quadrate, encircled by large (usually) pointed granules or thorns, and bearing one or two relatively large, thick, blunt, cylindrical or inflated (rotund) spines. Actinal plates larger than abactinal plates, and bearing large, thick tubercles, and some smaller, often thorn-like granules; plates adjacent to adambulacral plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1347A3C35738A05B9AA7F91EFB98C98F" box="[990,1058,1729,1753]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,306,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,303,1852]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov., Holotype, LACM 2008 - 030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live, in situ, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) usually bear a single large, low, broad, bivalve pedicellaria. Adambulacral plates bearing two large, thick, blunt furrow spines, the aboral spine notably compressed, often only half as thick as the aboral spine; one or two large thick blunt subadambulacral spines and several smaller, thick, blunt, irregular tubercles. Oral plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1347A3C35738A05B9A93F8F2FB8BC813" box="[1002,1073,1837,1861]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,306,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,303,1852]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov., Holotype, LACM 2008 - 030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live, in situ, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) with three large, thick, blunt, strongly compressed marginal spines, 0–2 suboral spines, and seven to ten thick, blunt granules. Color in life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1347A3C35738A05B9C16F88EFF1CC8DB" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[176,1409,306,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1413,303,1852]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov., Holotype, LACM 2008 - 030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live, in situ, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) abactinal side bright orange, red-orange, or orange and red mottled; spine tips often paler; actinal side pale yellow-cream colored. Very rarely specimens may have some yellowish mottling abactinally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C366ECCD5739A05D99BCFF48FF6FCB12" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF465739A05A99BCFF48FB3ECFA1" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,247]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545739A05A99BCFF48FEE4CFE6" bold="true" box="[197,350,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Aleutian Islands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1347A3C35739A05A9B49FF48FDCCCFF9" box="[560,630,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="4.[151,250,929,952]" captionTargetBox="[329,1257,195,905]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[326,1261,193,908]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 7. Map of Aleutian Islands showing distribution of Hippasteria aleutica sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278200/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), SSW of Buldir Island (52°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D9815739A05A9AC2FF48FBA6CFF9" box="[955,1052,151,175]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" precision="555" value="16.53">16.53 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 175º
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D9815739A05A9D23FF48FB0DCFF9" box="[1114,1207,151,175]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" precision="555" value="58.73">58.73 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; NMFS 23-199701- 245) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545739A05A99A5FF63FEBFCF82" box="[220,261,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">leg.</emphasis>
|
||
R. N. Clark,
|
||
<date id="FFC299865739A05A98D8FF63FDB1CF82" box="[417,523,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">9 August</date>
|
||
, 1997, trawled R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545739A05A9B8BFF62FCD6CF82" box="[754,876,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Dominator</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A35739A05A9A02FF63FC7FCF82" box="[891,965,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="141.0">141 m</quantity>
|
||
) to Krenitzin Islands, Unimak Pass, N of Tigalda Island (54°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D9815739A05A9812FF00FE71CFA1" box="[363,459,223,247]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" precision="555" value="22.83">22.83 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 165°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE48D9815739A05A9B71FF00FDD5CFA1" box="[520,623,223,247]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" precision="555" value="-4.05">04.05 W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; NMFS 23-199901-14), at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A35739A05A9D75FF00FB3ACFA1" box="[1036,1152,223,247]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.15" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="132.5" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="15.0">
|
||
15–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7A74CF5739A05A9D4DFF00FB3ACFA1" box="[1076,1152,223,247]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" type="generic">250 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF03EFCE5739A05A99EEF8B0FE5FC8B7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278199/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[176,1409,306,1849]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF465739A05A99EEF8B0FE5FC8B7" blockId="3.[151,1436,1903,2017]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545739A05A99EEF8B0FE86C8D2" bold="true" box="[151,316,1903,1926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">FIGURES 1–6.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545739A05A983AF8AFFDADC8D3" box="[323,535,1903,1925]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C55739A05A983AF8AFFE06C8D3" box="[323,444,1904,1925]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Hippasteria</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C55739A05A98BDF8B0FDADC8D3" box="[452,535,1903,1925]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aleutica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545739A05A98BDF8B0FDADC8D3" bold="true" box="[452,535,1903,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">aleutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23BDE2F5739A05A9B67F8AFFDCAC8D3" box="[542,624,1904,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, Holotype, LACM 2008-030.001. Fig. 1, Whole animal, abactinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 2, Whole animal, actinal view. Bar = 5.0 cm. Fig. 3, Close-up, abactinal surface. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 4, Close-up, marginal plates. Bar = 1.0 cm. Fig. 5, Close-up, adambulacral-oral region. Bar = 2.0 cm. Fig. 6, Live,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90863545739A05A9DDEF871FB5CC895" box="[1191,1254,1966,1987]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
, Rat Island, 13 m (image R. N. Clark). R = 9.5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF03EFCE573EA05D99EEFC7EFB95CCE1" box="[151,1071,929,952]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278200/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[329,1257,195,905]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573EA05D99EEFC7EFB95CCE1" blockId="4.[151,1071,929,952]" box="[151,1071,929,952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D99EEFC7EFEA9CCE1" bold="true" box="[151,275,929,952]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of Aleutian Islands showing distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9A7EFC7DFC6DCCE1" box="[775,983,929,951]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aleutica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9A7EFC7DFC6DCCE1" box="[775,983,929,951]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria aleutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23BDE2F573EA05D9AA7FC7DFB95CCE1" box="[990,1071,930,951]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573EA05D99BCFC3BFF6FCB12" blockId="4.[151,1437,996,2028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D99BCFC3BFE92CCAB" bold="true" box="[197,296,996,1021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Bedrock and boulders (at diving depths, <
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A3573EA05D9A71FC3BFCFECCAA" box="[776,836,996,1020]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
), thickly encrusted with the coralline red algae
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9C2DFC3BFE04CB76" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9C2DFC3BFE01CB76" class="Florideophyceae" family="Corallinaceae" genus="Clathromorphum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Corallinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="nereostratum">Clathromorphum nereostratum</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In deeper depths, the species occurs on bedrock, cobble, pebble, and sand/ gravel bottoms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C366ECCD573EA05D99BCFB8FFC3ACB3E" box="[197,896,1104,1128]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573EA05D99BCFB8FFC3ACB3E" blockId="4.[151,1437,996,2028]" box="[197,896,1104,1128]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D99BCFB8FFEF6CB3E" bold="true" box="[197,332,1104,1128]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for its distribution in the Aleutian Islands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C366ECCD573EA05D99BCFBAAFEB9CA16" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573EA05D99BCFBAAFEB9CA16" blockId="4.[151,1437,996,2028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D99BCFBAAFE83CBDB" bold="true" box="[197,313,1141,1165]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9839FBAAFD9CCBDA" box="[320,550,1140,1164]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aleutica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9839FBAAFD9CCBDA" box="[320,550,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria aleutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23BDE2F573EA05D9B54FBAAFD3DCBDB" box="[557,647,1141,1165]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9B54FBAAFD3DCBDB" bold="true" box="[557,647,1141,1165]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
superficially resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9AE1FBAAFB5CCBDA" authority="Parelius, 1768" authorityName="Parelius" authorityYear="1768" box="[920,1254,1140,1164]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="phrygiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9AE1FBAAFB97CBDA" box="[920,1069,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">H. phrygiana</emphasis>
|
||
(Parelius, 1768)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Atlantic-Arctic region in general form, but is distinguished by 1) the thorn-like granules surrounding the abactinal and marginal plates, those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D98B9FB62FDE3CB82" box="[448,601,1212,1236]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="phrygiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D98B9FB62FDE3CB82" box="[448,601,1212,1236]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">H. phrygiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are smaller, and rounded; and 2) inferomarginals typically bearing two cylindrical or barrel-shaped spines, those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9BE3FB3EFC88CBAE" box="[666,818,1248,1272]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="phrygiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9BE3FB3EFC88CBAE" box="[666,818,1248,1272]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">H. phrygiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
usually bear several short thick, rounded knobs. The diagnostic characteristics of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9898FADAFDDBCA4A" box="[481,609,1284,1308]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aleutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9898FADAFDDBCA4A" box="[481,609,1284,1308]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">H. aleutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are consistent even in juveniles as small as R =
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A3573EA05D9DDEFADBFB51CA4A" box="[1191,1259,1284,1308]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(LACM 1997- 154.013).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C366ECCD573EA05D99BEFA92FE9BC936" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573EA05D99BEFA92FE9BC936" blockId="4.[151,1437,996,2028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D99BEFA92FE0ECA32" ID-CoL="3LZ49" box="[199,436,1356,1380]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aleutica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D99BEFA92FE0ECA32" box="[199,436,1356,1380]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria aleutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23BDE2F573EA05D98B8FA92FD9BCA33" box="[449,545,1357,1381]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D98B8FA92FD9BCA33" bold="true" box="[449,545,1357,1381]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
may be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9A00FA92FABFCA32" ID-CoL="3LZ4Y" authority="Verrill, 1909" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1909" box="[889,1285,1356,1380]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9A00FA92FBDBCA32" box="[889,1121,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
Verrill, 1909
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9C6FFA92FE38CADE" ID-CoL="6LWWL" authority="Fisher, 1911" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1911" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9C6FFA92FF52CADE" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria armata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573EA05D998BFAAFFE38CADE" author="Fisher" box="[242,386,1392,1416]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part 1. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Washington, D. C. Smithsonian Institution, U. S. National Museum. Bulletin 76." type="book chapter" year="1911">Fisher, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D98BBFAAEFCE2CADE" ID-CoL="3LZ4M" authority="Fisher, 1911" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1911" box="[450,856,1392,1416]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kurilensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D98BBFAAEFD05CADE" box="[450,703,1392,1416]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria kurilensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573EA05D9BB0FAAFFCE2CADE" author="Fisher" box="[713,856,1392,1416]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part 1. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Washington, D. C. Smithsonian Institution, U. S. National Museum. Bulletin 76." type="book chapter" year="1911">Fisher, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by the thick, blunt, often inflated (barrel-shaped) spines, and the low, long bivalve pedicellaria of the abactinal surface. From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9A83FA4AFADFCAFA" ID-CoL="3LZ4G" authority="Fisher, 1905" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1905" box="[1018,1381,1428,1452]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heathi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9A83FA4AFB74CAFA" box="[1018,1230,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria heathi</emphasis>
|
||
Fisher, 1905
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is readily distinguished by 1) the lack of numerous short, stout, conical spines and tubercles on the actinal and marginal plates; 2) lack of large bivalve pedicellaria on marginal plates; and 3) color, which is uniformly white or cream in
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D987DF9DEFECCC94E" box="[260,374,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D987DF9DEFECBC94E" ID-CoL="3LZ4G" box="[260,369,1536,1560]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heathi">H. heathi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9807F9DEFC98C94E" ID-CoL="3LZ4B" authority="Fisher, 1905" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1905" box="[382,802,1536,1560]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="californica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9807F9DEFD33C94E" box="[382,649,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria californica</emphasis>
|
||
Fisher, 1905
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differs in 1) having oblong, oval to elliptical marginal plates; and 2) rugose or denticulate granules surrounding the abactinal and marginal plates, and occasional small pedicellaria.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C366ECCD573EA05C99BEF9B3FE42CEA2" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573EA05D99BEF9B3FA38C8D6" blockId="4.[151,1437,996,2028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D99BEF9B3FEF6C9D3" bold="true" box="[199,332,1644,1669]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
The pointed (often thorn-like) granules of the abactinal, and marginal plates shows affinity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D99EEF94EFE2FC9FE" box="[151,405,1680,1704]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kurilensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D99EEF94EFE2FC9FE" box="[151,405,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria kurilensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and suggest a strong kinship with the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9A10F94EFBF5C9FE" box="[873,1103,1681,1704]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9A10F94EFBF5C9FE" box="[873,1103,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group. Additionally, although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9878F96AFE22C99A" box="[257,408,1716,1740]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="phrygiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9878F96AFE22C99A" box="[257,408,1716,1740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">H. phrygiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is apparently wide spread and variable in the Atlantic Ocean (and adjacent Arctic Ocean), and may even penetrate into the extreme southern Pacific Ocean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573EA05D9AF9F907FBEAC9A6" author="Mah" box="[896,1104,1752,1776]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Mah, C., Nizinski, M. & Lundsten, L. (2010) Phylogenetic revision of the Hippasterinae (Goniasteridae: Asteroidea): systematic of deep sea corallivors, including one new genus and three new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 160, 266 - 301." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Mah,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9ABDF906FBBEC9A6" box="[964,1028,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">et. al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The isolation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9C67F906FA26C9A6" box="[1310,1436,1752,1776]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="aleutica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9C67F906FA26C9A6" box="[1310,1436,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">H. aleutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23BDE2F573EA05D99EEF922FF4EC843" box="[151,244,1789,1813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D99EEF922FF4EC843" bold="true" box="[151,244,1789,1813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in the extreme northern Pacific Ocean and absence of any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9ACDF922FB80C842" box="[948,1082,1789,1812]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9ACDF922FB80C842" box="[948,1082,1789,1812]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. in Arctic North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36BFFD6573EA05D9C45F923FA26C842" box="[1340,1436,1788,1812]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573EA05D99E7F8FFFEF1C86E" author="Grainger" box="[158,331,1824,1848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Grainger, E. H. (1966) Sea Stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of Arctic North America. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Bulletin No. 152. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada." type="book" year="1966">Grainger, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573EA05D982FF8FFFD97C86E" author="Bluhm" box="[342,557,1824,1848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Bluhm, B. A., Iken, K., Mincks Hardy, S., Sirenko, B. I., Holladay, B. A. (2009) Community structure of epibenthic megafauna in the Chukchi Sea. Aquatic Biology, Vol. 7, 269 - 293." type="journal article" year="2009">Bluhm, et. al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or Siberia (D’yakonov, 1950) suggests that a close (i.e. sub-specific) relationship with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D987CF89AFE21C80A" box="[261,411,1860,1884]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="phrygiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D987CF89AFE21C80A" box="[261,411,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">H. phrygiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is highly unlikely. Although there was no opportunity for a genetic analysis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9C6FF89AFA26C80A" box="[1302,1436,1861,1884]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9C6FF89AFA26C80A" box="[1302,1436,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. in this study, genetic samples have been taken from all nominal Alaskan species and are available for study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC3BF46573EA05C99BCF853FE42CEA2" blockId="4.[151,1437,996,2028]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,500]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
The species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9809F852FE4CC8F2" box="[368,502,1933,1956]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9809F852FE4CC8F2" box="[368,502,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presently known from the Aleutian Islands are distributed as follows:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9C6FF852FF57C89E" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9C6FF852FF57C89E" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Hippasteria spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in the SE Bering Sea, south to the vicinity of Unalaska Island, eastward into the Gulf of Alaska and southward to off California at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A3573EA05D9BFEF80BFD4DC8BA" box="[647,759,2004,2028]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="310.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="20.0">20–600 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573EA05D9A7FF80BFC2FC8BA" author="Fisher" box="[774,917,2004,2028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part 1. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Washington, D. C. Smithsonian Institution, U. S. National Museum. Bulletin 76." type="book chapter" year="1911">Fisher, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In Aleutian waters
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573EA05D9D04F80AFB4FC8BA" box="[1149,1269,2005,2028]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573EA05D9D04F80AFB4FC8BA" box="[1149,1269,2005,2028]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">H. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs west to the vicinity of Unalaska Island. (R. N. Clark, pers. obs.).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573FA05C9A5CFF46FB9ACFE6" box="[805,1056,152,176]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="kurilensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573FA05C9A5CFF46FB9ACFE6" box="[805,1056,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Hippasteria kurilensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found throughout the Aleutian Islands (R. N. Clark, pers. obs.), and westward to the Kurile Islands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573FA05C9ADEFF63FB8DCF82" author="Fisher" box="[935,1079,188,212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part 1. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Washington, D. C. Smithsonian Institution, U. S. National Museum. Bulletin 76." type="book chapter" year="1911">Fisher, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; D’yakonov, 1950) at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A3573FA05C99EEFF00FEB1CFA1" box="[151,267,223,247]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="340.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="80.0">
|
||
80–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7A74CF573FA05C99B9FF00FEB1CFA1" box="[192,267,223,247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" type="generic">600 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573FA05C986EFF3EFE51CFAE" box="[279,491,224,248]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heathi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573FA05C986EFF3EFE51CFAE" box="[279,491,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Hippasteria heathi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found throughout the Aleutians Islands and Gulf of Alaska at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A3573FA05C9C43FF00FF17CE4A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="375.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="250.0">250–500 m</quantity>
|
||
(R. N. Clark, pers. obs.).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573FA05C98B6FEDAFCD0CE4A" authority="Fisher, 1905" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1905" box="[463,874,260,284]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="californica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573FA05C98B6FEDAFD62CE4A" box="[463,728,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Hippasteria californica</emphasis>
|
||
Fisher, 1905
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs from southern California north to the Gulf of Alaska, north into the eastern Bering Sea (R. N. Clark, pers. obs.) and west across the Aleutian Is., to Hokkaido Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36BFFD6573FA05C9994FE92FE8ACE32" box="[237,304,333,356]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A3573FA05C98ABFE93FDD8CE32" box="[466,610,332,356]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" metricValueMax="1.8199999999999998" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="1160.0" valueMax="1820.0" valueMin="500.0">500–1820 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573FA05C9B0CFE93FCF9CE32" author="Mah" box="[629,835,332,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" refString="Mah, C., Nizinski, M. & Lundsten, L. (2010) Phylogenetic revision of the Hippasterinae (Goniasteridae: Asteroidea): systematic of deep sea corallivors, including one new genus and three new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 160, 266 - 301." type="journal article" year="2010">Mah, et. al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573FA05C9A20FE92FB80CE32" box="[857,1082,333,356]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573FA05C9A20FE92FB80CE32" box="[857,1082,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Hippasteria armata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in the Kurile Islands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEDC2B7573FA05C99E7FEB0FE94CED1" author="Fisher" box="[158,302,367,391]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part 1. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Washington, D. C. Smithsonian Institution, U. S. National Museum. Bulletin 76." type="book chapter" year="1911">Fisher, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; D’yakonov, 1950) Aleutian Islands (R. N. Clark, pers. obs.), Okhotsk Sea and western Bering Sea [D’yakonov, 1950 (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573FA05C98F6FE4AFD10CEFA" box="[399,682,404,428]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mammilifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573FA05C98F6FE4AFD10CEFA" box="[399,682,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Hippasteria mammilifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
D’yakonov, 1950 &
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7CC4C5573FA05C9AECFE4AFBCFCEFA" box="[917,1141,404,428]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="colossa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573FA05C9AECFE4AFBCFCEFA" box="[917,1141,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">Hippasteria colossa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
D’yakonov, 1950, respectively;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9086354573FA05C999FFE67FEAACE86" box="[230,272,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">fide</emphasis>
|
||
R. N. Clark, based upon examination of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C701E4573FA05C9B99FE67FCAACE86" box="[736,784,440,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens), and the eastern Bering Sea at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8412A3573FA05C9C1DFE68FF64CEA2" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="440.0" valueMax="650.0" valueMin="230.0">230– 650 m</quantity>
|
||
(R. N. Clark, pers. obs.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |