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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e6b7983e-dc70-447a-bb89-c93b74d6f249" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473343" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-53-77" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" ID-ZBK="989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575132" ID-ZooBank="989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3E8127B2-15D1-4180-A727-E63DCA523064" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2607-53-77" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research " ModsDocTitle="New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non-Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)" checkinTime="1553125490764" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tang, Chang-Ti, Miko, Istvan, Nicholls, James A., Schweger, Szabina, Yang, Man-Miao, Stone, Graham N., Sinclair, Frazer, Bozso, Miklos, Melika, George &amp; Penzes, Zsolt" docDate="2016" docId="F39D6FA94B9D11B20488F018174E999C" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 53: 77-162" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 53" docPubDate="2016-12-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890" docTitle="Dryocosmus hearni Melika &amp; Tang 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="3E8127B2-15D1-4180-A727-E63DCA523064" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="111" masterDocId="CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C" masterDocTitle="New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="77" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" updateTime="1643491172415" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tang, Chang-Ti</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Miko, Istvan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Pennsylvania State University, Department of Entomology, Frost Entomological Museum, PA, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nicholls, James A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Schweger, Szabina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>University of Szeged, Department of Ecology, Koezep fasor 52 Szeged, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yang, Man-Miao</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stone, Graham N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sinclair, Frazer</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bozso, Miklos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaoersi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Melika, George</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaoersi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Penzes, Zsolt</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>University of Szeged, Department of Ecology, Koezep fasor 52 Szeged, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2016-12-19</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>53</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>77</mods:start>
<mods:end>162</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.53.9890</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-53-77</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">989B7FE41F5048A784148D0AF4F4C064</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CB6EB5480F1F2F28FFF91521801EFF8C</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">575132</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473343" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3E8127B2-15D1-4180-A727-E63DCA523064" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F39D6FA94B9D11B20488F018174E999C" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="107" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/3E8127B2-15D1-4180-A727-E63DCA523064" authority="Melika &amp; Tang" authorityName="Melika &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hearni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hearni" status="sp. n.">Dryocosmus hearni Melika &amp; Tang</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="30" pageNumber="107">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6471" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 64 - 71. Dryocosmus hearni sp. n. 64 - 66 head, female: 64 frontal view 65 dorsal view 66 posterior view 67 - 69 head, male: 67 frontal view 68 dorsal view 69 posterior view 70 - 71 antenna: 70 female 71 male." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures64-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115551" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Figures 64-71</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7276" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 72 - 76. Dryocosmus hearni sp. n. 72 - 75 female: 72 mesosoma, lateral view 73 mesosoma, dorsal view 74 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 75 fore wing, part. 76 gall (photo by C. - T. Tang) (not = notaulus, trc = transverse carina on central propodeal area, sab = subaxillular bar, mtr = metanotal trough)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures72-76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115552" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">, 72-76</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="107" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">
HOLOTYPE female: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Lan Cang Co., Xiagudi ex
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp4, 11.IV.2011 (CHI48),
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.630467" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.630466">22.630467°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.026650" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.02665">100.026650°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1675m, ex integrated large leaf gall (AGWP-Morpho68), em. 13.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn. Fifteen female and twenty seven male PARATYPES: 5 female and 7 male paratypes with the same labels as holotype; 2 female and 7 male paratypes: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Lan Cang Co., Xiagudi, ex
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp4, 11.IV.2011 (CHI48),
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.630467" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.630466">22.630467°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.026650" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.02665">100.026650°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1675m, ex integrated large leaf gall (AGWP-Morpho68), em. 14.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn; 4 female and 4 male paratypes: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Lan Cang Co., Xiagudi, ex
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp4, 11.IV.2011 (CHI48),
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.630467" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.630466">22.630467°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.026650" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.02665">100.026650°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1675m, ex integrated large leaf gall (AGWP-Morpho68), em. 15.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn; 2 male paratypes: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Lan Cang Co., Xiagudi, ex
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp4, 11.IV.2011 (CHI49),
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.630467" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.630466">22.630467°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.026650" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.02665">100.026650°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1675m, ex integrated large leaf gall (AGWP-Morpho68), em. 12.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn; 4 male paratypes: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Lan Cang Co., Xiagudi, ex
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp4, 11.IV.2011 (CHI49),
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.630467" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.630466">22.630467°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.026650" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.02665">100.026650°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1675m, ex integrated large leaf gall (AGWP-Morpho68), em. 13.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn; 2 male paratypes: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Lan Cang Co., Xiagudi, ex
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp4, 11.IV.2011 (CHI49),
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.630467" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.630466">22.630467°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.026650" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.02665">100.026650°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1675m, ex integrated large leaf gall (AGWP-Morpho68), em. 14.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn; 1 male paratype: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Lan Cang Co., Xiagudi, ex
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp4, 11.IV.2011 (CHI49),
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.630467" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.630466">22.630467°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.026650" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.02665">100.026650°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1675m, ex integrated large leaf gall (AGWP-Morpho68), em. 15.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn; 4 female paratypes: CHINA: Yunnan Prov., Lan Cang Co., Mt. Xinghou 3, ex
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp4, 12.IV.2011 (CHI55),
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.073200" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.0732">22.073200°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100.184450" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.18445">100.184450°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1329m, ex integrated large leaf gall (AGWP-Morpho68), em. 14.IV.2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">The female holotype, 4 female and 7 male paratypes are deposited in NMNS, 5 female and 7 male paratypes in PHMB, 2 female and 4 male paratypes in USNM, 4 female and 9 male paratypes in NCHU.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="107" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Named in honour of Dr. Jack Hearn (Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland), whose help was crucial in the organization of the collecting trip to China in 2011.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">
Most similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melika" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus testisimilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testisimilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Dryocosmus testisimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melika &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hearni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hearni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Dryocosmus hearni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the head and mesosoma of females and males are orange-yellow (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6471" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 64 - 71. Dryocosmus hearni sp. n. 64 - 66 head, female: 64 frontal view 65 dorsal view 66 posterior view 67 - 69 head, male: 67 frontal view 68 dorsal view 69 posterior view 70 - 71 antenna: 70 female 71 male." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures64-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115551" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">64-69</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7276" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 72 - 76. Dryocosmus hearni sp. n. 72 - 75 female: 72 mesosoma, lateral view 73 mesosoma, dorsal view 74 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 75 fore wing, part. 76 gall (photo by C. - T. Tang) (not = notaulus, trc = transverse carina on central propodeal area, sab = subaxillular bar, mtr = metanotal trough)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures72-76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115552" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">72-73</figureCitation>
), the metasoma is dark brown. The notaulus posterior region width / anterior region width = 5 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7276" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 72 - 76. Dryocosmus hearni sp. n. 72 - 75 female: 72 mesosoma, lateral view 73 mesosoma, dorsal view 74 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 75 fore wing, part. 76 gall (photo by C. - T. Tang) (not = notaulus, trc = transverse carina on central propodeal area, sab = subaxillular bar, mtr = metanotal trough)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures72-76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115552" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">73</figureCitation>
); posterior height of subaxillular bar / height of metanotal trough = 0.25 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7276" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 72 - 76. Dryocosmus hearni sp. n. 72 - 75 female: 72 mesosoma, lateral view 73 mesosoma, dorsal view 74 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 75 fore wing, part. 76 gall (photo by C. - T. Tang) (not = notaulus, trc = transverse carina on central propodeal area, sab = subaxillular bar, mtr = metanotal trough)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures72-76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115552" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">72</figureCitation>
); the central propodeal area is with a transverse carina in dorsal 1/3rd (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7276" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 72 - 76. Dryocosmus hearni sp. n. 72 - 75 female: 72 mesosoma, lateral view 73 mesosoma, dorsal view 74 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 75 fore wing, part. 76 gall (photo by C. - T. Tang) (not = notaulus, trc = transverse carina on central propodeal area, sab = subaxillular bar, mtr = metanotal trough)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures72-76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115552" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">74</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="984473" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures64-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115551" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" start="Figures 6471" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Figures 64-71.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melika &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hearni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hearni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Dryocosmus hearni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">64-66</emphasis>
head, female:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">64</emphasis>
frontal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">65</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">66</emphasis>
posterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">67-69</emphasis>
head, male:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">67</emphasis>
frontal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">68</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">69</emphasis>
posterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">70-71</emphasis>
antenna:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">70</emphasis>
female
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">71</emphasis>
male.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="984475" doi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures72-76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115552" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" start="Figures 7276" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Figures 72-76.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Melika &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus hearni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hearni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Dryocosmus hearni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">72-75</emphasis>
female:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">72</emphasis>
mesosoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">73</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">74</emphasis>
metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">75</emphasis>
fore wing, part.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">76</emphasis>
gall (photo by C.-T. Tang) (not=notaulus, trc=transverse carina on central propodeal area, sab=subaxillular bar, mtr=metanotal trough).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tang &amp; Melika" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus testisimilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testisimilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">Dryocosmus testisimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: in females the head and mesosoma are light brown, the mesoscutum, mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum are darker, the metasoma dark brown (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 174181" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figures 174 - 181. 174 - 175 Dryocosmus pentagonalis: 174 head, female, dorsal view 175 head, male, frontal view. 176 - 177 Dryocosmus triangularis: 176 head, female, dorsal view 177 head, male, frontal view 178 - 179 Dryocosmus pentagonalis, female: 178 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 179 mesosoma, lateral view, part 180 - 181 Dryocosmus testisimilis, female: 180 central propodeal area, posterior view 181 mesoscutum, dorsal view (dms = disc of mesoscutellum, not = notaulus)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures174-181" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115571" pageId="30" pageNumber="107">180-181</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="108">
<pageBreakToken pageId="31" pageNumber="108" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
body dark brown in males.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="108">
The notaulus posterior region width / anterior region width = 1 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 174181" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figures 174 - 181. 174 - 175 Dryocosmus pentagonalis: 174 head, female, dorsal view 175 head, male, frontal view. 176 - 177 Dryocosmus triangularis: 176 head, female, dorsal view 177 head, male, frontal view 178 - 179 Dryocosmus pentagonalis, female: 178 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 179 mesosoma, lateral view, part 180 - 181 Dryocosmus testisimilis, female: 180 central propodeal area, posterior view 181 mesoscutum, dorsal view (dms = disc of mesoscutellum, not = notaulus)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures174-181" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115571" pageId="31" pageNumber="108">181</figureCitation>
), posterior height of subaxillular bar / height of metanotal trough&gt;1; the central propodeal area without a transverse carina in dorsal 1/3rd (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 174181" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figures 174 - 181. 174 - 175 Dryocosmus pentagonalis: 174 head, female, dorsal view 175 head, male, frontal view. 176 - 177 Dryocosmus triangularis: 176 head, female, dorsal view 177 head, male, frontal view 178 - 179 Dryocosmus pentagonalis, female: 178 mesoscutellum, dorsal view 179 mesosoma, lateral view, part 180 - 181 Dryocosmus testisimilis, female: 180 central propodeal area, posterior view 181 mesoscutum, dorsal view (dms = disc of mesoscutellum, not = notaulus)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures174-181" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115571" pageId="31" pageNumber="108">179</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="31" pageNumber="108" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="108">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="108">Sexual female: Head color: orange-yellow, except for darker mandibles, scape, pedicel, F1-F5 yellowish brown, subsequent flagellomeres progressively darker. Mesosoma and metasoma color: mesosoma orange-yellow, except for legs yellowish, except tibia and first tarsomere dark brown, metasoma dark brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="31" pageNumber="108">
Head sculpture: smooth, glossy. Head shape anterior view: NOT CODED. Head width / head length: 2.0. Head width / head height: 1.30. Head width / maximum mesosoma width: 1. Gena sculpture: smooth. Gena reflectivity: glossy. Gena length / eye width: 0.82. Gena shape: broadened posterior to eye, visible in frontal view. Malar striae count: present. Malar striae dorsal limit: torulus-eye line on lower face and lower eye margin on malar area. Malar area: alutaceous. Malar sulcus: absent. Eye height / malar distance: 2.50. Inner margins of eyes: NOT CODED. Median ocellus shape: spherical. Lateral ocellus shape: ovate. POL / OOL: 0.84. OOL / diameter of lateral ocellus: 2.60. OOL / LOL: 3.10. Diameter of lateral ocellus / diameter of median ocellus: NOT CODED. Transfacial distance / eye height: 1.37. Diameter of torulus / intertorular distance: 2.00. Intertorular distance / eye torulus distance: NOT CODED. Eye-torulus distance / diameter of torulus: 1.40. Lower face sculpture: alutaceous. Lower face pilosity color: NOT CODED. Lower face pilosity density: dense. Clypeus convexity: flat. Clypeus sculpture: smooth. Clypeus ventral margin shape: straight. Clypeus reflectivity: NOT CODED. Clypeus shape anterior view: rectangular. Clypeus pilosity: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity density: NOT CODED. Clypeus pilosity color: NOT CODED. Anterior tentorial pit: small, indistinct. Epistomal sulcus: indistinct. Clypeo-pleurostomal line: indistinct. Frons sculpture: smooth. Frons pilosity density: rare. Frons reflectivity: glossy. Frons pilosity color: white. Impression around central ocellus: present. Interocellar area sculpture: smooth. Interocellar area pilosity density: rare. Interocellar area reflectivity: glossy. Interocellar area pilosity color: white. Vertex sculpture: smooth. Vertex pilosity density: rare. Vertex reflectivity: glossy. Vertex pilosity color: white. Occiput sculpture: smooth. Occiput pilosity density: rare. Occiput reflectivity: glossy. Occiput pilosity color: white. Postocciput sculpture: smooth. Postocciput reflectivity: glossy. Postocciput pilosity: present. Postocciput pilosity density: rare. Postocciput pilosity color: white. Median impression of postocciput dorsal to occipital foramen: NOT CODED. Posterior tentorial pit: large, deep, distinct. Impression abjacent ventrally to posterior tentorial pit: absent. Postgena sculpture: smooth. Postgena reflectivity: glossy. Postgena pilosity color: white. Postgena pilosity density: rare. Postgena pilosity count: present. Postgenal bridge / height of occipital foramen: 1. Postgenal bridge / length of oral foramen: &lt;1. Postgenal bridge sculpture: NOT CODED. Number of flagellomeres (female): 12. Antenna length / body length: &lt;1. Pedicel length / pedicel width: &lt;1.0. Pedicel length / length of broadened part of scape: 0.68. Combined length of scape and pedicel / first flagellomere length: NOT CODED. F1 length / F2 length: 1.1. F1 length / pedicel length: 1.7. F1 length / F3
<pageBreakToken pageId="32" pageNumber="109" start="start">length</pageBreakToken>
: 1.00. Flagellomeres relative length: F3&gt;F4&gt;F5&gt;F6&gt;F7&gt;F8&gt;F9&gt;F10&gt;F11. F4-F7 relative length: NOT CODED. F3 length/F2 length: NOT CODED. F3 length / F4 length: NOT CODED. F8 length / F7 length: NOT CODED. F9 length /F8
<pageBreakToken pageId="33" pageNumber="110" start="start">length</pageBreakToken>
: NOT CODED. F10 length / F9 length: NOT CODED. F9-F11 relative length: NOT CODED. F10 length / F11 length: NOT CODED. F12 length / F11 length: 1.63. F13 length / F12 length: NOT CODED. Placoid sensilla present on: F2-F12.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="33" pageNumber="110">
Mesosoma length lateral view / mesosoma height lateral view: 1.26. Pronotum sculpture: smooth with some rugae laterally. Pronotal dorsal row of setae count: present. Transverse pronotal sulcus depth: deep. Transverse pronotal sulcus sculpture: NOT CODED. Mesoscutum sculpture: smooth. Mesoscutum reflectivity: glossy. Adnotaular setae: present. Mesoscutum length / transscutal line: 1.2. Notaulus limits: well-impressed, posterior end adjacent to posterior margin of mesoscutum, anterior end adjacent to anterior margin of mesoscutum. Notaulus sculpture: NOT CODED. Notaulus posterior region width / anterior region width: NOT CODED. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus anterior end vs notaulus anterior end: adjacent. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus sculpture: NOT CODED. Median mesoscutal line: present. Median mesoscutal line shape: NOT CODED. Parapsidal line: absent. Parapsidal line distinctness: NOT CODED. Anteroadmedian line: absent. Antero-admedian line length / mesoscutum median length: NOT CODED. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae): coriaceous, foveolate laterally and posteriorly. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) shape: trapezoid. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity color: white. Dorsomedian area of mesoscutellar-axillar complex (disc of mesoscutellum+axillar foveae) pilosity density: rare. Mesoscutellar axillar complex posterior margin vs metanotum: overhanging. Mesoscutellar-axillar complex length / mesoscutellar disc width:&gt;1. Disc of mesoscutellum sculpture: rugose. Disc of mesoscutellum maximum width: in posterior 1/3. Scutellar fovea sculpture: smooth without longitudinal rugae. Scutellar fovea shape: semilunar. Scutellar fovea reflectivity: glossy. Foveal septum: narrow. Anterior pits on foveal septum: NOT CODED. Scutellar fovea maximum diameter / scutellar fovea minimum diameter: NOT CODED. Scutellar fovea minimum diameter / foveal septum width: NOT CODED. Postacetabular suclus count: NOT CODED. Mesopleuron sculpture: smooth, striae marking transepisternal line absent. Mesopleuron reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleuron pilosity: glabrous. Speculum sculpture: smooth. Speculum reflectivity: glossy. Mesopleural triangle sculpture: rugose. Mesopleural triangle reflectivity: NOT CODED. Mesopleural triangle pilosity: present. Mesopleural triangle pilosity color: white. Mesopleural trinagle pilosity density: rare. Dorsoaxillar area sculpture: smooth. Dorsoaxillar area reflectivity: glossy. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity color: white. Dorsoaxillar area pilosity density: rare. Lateroaxillar area sculpture: smooth. Lateroaxillar area reflectivity: glossy. Lateroaxillar area pilosity density: rare. Lateroaxillar area pilosity color: white. Subaxillular bar sculpture: smooth. Subaxillular bar reflectivity: glossy. Posterior height of subaxillular bar / height of metanotal trough: 0.25. Metapleural sulcus anterior end: reaches mesometapleural suture in upper ⅓ of its length. Metascutellum sculpture: coriaceous. Metanotal trough sculpture: smooth. Metanotal trough reflectivity: glossy. Metanotal trough pilosity: absent.
<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="111" start="start">Metanotal</pageBreakToken>
trough pilosity density: NOT CODED. Ventral impressed area of metanotum sculpture: smooth without striae. Metascutellum height / ventral impressed area of metanotum height: 1. Central propodeal area sculpture: smooth, with transverse carina in dorsal 1/3rd and with longitudinal paralell rugae between transverse carina and nucha. Central propodeal area reflectivity: NOT CODED. Lateral propodeal carina shape: broad, high slightly curved laterally in mid-height. Lateral propodeal area sculpture: rugose. Lateral propodeal area pilosity: present. Lateral propodeal area pilosity color: NOT CODED. Lateral propodeal area pilosity density: rare. Nucha sculpture: with delicate longitudinal rugae dorsally and laterally. Radial cell length / radial cell width: 3.7. Rs+M vs basalis: reaches basalis in lower half of its height. Rs+M color: dark brown. Areolet: large, triangular, conspicuous. Marginal cilia: long. Rs distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. R1 distal end vs wing margin: adjacent to wing margin. Basal lobe on metatarsal claw: absent. Basal lobe on tarsal claw shape: NOT CODED.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="111">Metasoma length / head+mesosoma length: &lt;1. Metasoma lateral height / metasoma lateral length: &lt;1. 2nd metasomal tergite length dorsal view / length of metasoma dorsal view: 0.40. Second metasomal tergite pilosity: present mediolaterally. Second metasomal tergite sculpture: smooth. Second metasomal tergite reflectivity: NOT CODED. Second metasomal tergite pilosity density: rare. Metasomal tergites 3-6 sculpture: smooth, no micropunctures. Metasomal tergites 3-6 reflectivity: glossy. Metasomal tergites 3-6 pilosity: absent. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium length ventral view / Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium width ventral view: 1.30. Hypopygial setae apical end: extending beyond posterior end of ventral spine of hypopygium.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="111">Body length: 2.80-3.10mm (n = 5).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="111">Male: Similar to female. Color: Head and mesosoma orange-yellow; metasoma dark brown; antenna light brown to dark brown; inner margins of lateral ocelli dark brown. Eye size vs female eye size: eye larger in male. Anterior tentorial pit size: NOT CODED. Diameter of torulus / intertorular distance: 3.0. Diameter of lateral ocellus vs diameter of female lateral ocellus: 1.30. Flagellomeres count: 13. Antenna length / body length:&gt;1. F1 shape: F1 curved and broadened apically. F1 length / F2 length: 1.07. Flagellomeres relative length: F2&gt;F3&gt;F4&gt;F5&gt;F6&gt;F9&gt;F10&gt;F11&gt;F12. F13 length / F12 length: 1.08. Placoid sensilla present on: F2-F13. Body length: 2.7-2.9 mm (n=5).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="111">
Gall (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 7276" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 72 - 76. Dryocosmus hearni sp. n. 72 - 75 female: 72 mesosoma, lateral view 73 mesosoma, dorsal view 74 metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view 75 fore wing, part. 76 gall (photo by C. - T. Tang) (not = notaulus, trc = transverse carina on central propodeal area, sab = subaxillular bar, mtr = metanotal trough)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.53.9890.figures72-76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/115552" pageId="34" pageNumber="111">76</figureCitation>
): Galls are integrated leaf swellings, usually located at the base of leaves, and are concolorous with the leaves. The galls are 22.4-24.3 mm long, 18.2-19.0 mm wide (n=3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="111" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="111">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="111">
Only the sexual generation is known. Galls were collected from young leaves of
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="111">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. in April and adults emerged from galls under laboratory conditions immediately after field collection.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="111" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="111">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="111">China: Yunnan Province</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="34" pageNumber="111" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="111">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="34" pageNumber="111">
The pairwise genetic distances from other
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giraud" authorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="111">Dryocosmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, based upon 433 base pairs of the cytochrome
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="111">b</emphasis>
gene (Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Pairwise genetic distances between 17 Dryocosmus species, based upon 433 base pairs of the cytochrome b gene using a HKY correction. Values on the diagonal indicate variation levels among individuals of the same species; off-diagonal values indicate between-species distances." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E763CE0CF7D26021F8E80A9A92D8B3D9" pageId="34" pageNumber="111" tableUuid="E763CE0CF7D26021F8E80A9A92D8B3D9">1</tableCitation>
) and some morphological characters (the very broad notaulus in the posterior half, large scutellar foveae, the
<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="112" start="start">unique</pageBreakToken>
pattern of carinae on the central propodeal area, the uniformly orange-yellow body) make this species peculiar among all other Eastern Palaearctic
<taxonomicName authorityName="Giraud" authorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Fagaceae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryocosmus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="112">Dryocosmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species which are associated with
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Cyclobalanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclobalanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="112">Cyclobalanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="112">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>