134 lines
15 KiB
XML
134 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43b6b64a-b86b-4c0b-afcc-229ccecb6e16" ID-PMC="PMC3690914" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-288-1" ID-PubMed="23798897" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-288-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 288" ModsDocTitle="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)" checkinTime="1451247431953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Reemer, Menno & Stahls, Gunilla" docDate="2013" docId="CE62645BD9EE8DDA2625F5E3D8D159FD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 288: 1-213" docOrigin="ZooKeys 288" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" docTitle="Parocyptamus Shiraki" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="582E2572FFD0FFB3884E8864FFF1A15A" masterDocTitle="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)" masterLastPageNumber="213" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1668155636847" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Reemer, Menno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stahls, Gunilla</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>288</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>213</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-288-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042620" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE62645BD9EE8DDA2625F5E3D8D159FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE62645BD9EE8DDA2625F5E3D8D159FD" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Parocyptamus" authority="Shiraki" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Parocyptamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parocyptamus" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="54" pageNumber="55" start="start">Parocyptamus</pageBreakToken>
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Shiraki
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</taxonomicName>
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Figs 285-290
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Parocyptamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parocyptamus" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parocyptamus</taxonomicName>
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Shiraki, 1930: 11. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Parocyptamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parocyptamus sonamii" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sonamii">Parocyptamus sonamii</taxonomicName>
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Shiraki, 1930: 12, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Stenomicrodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenomicrodon" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stenomicrodon</taxonomicName>
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Hull, 1937a: 26. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Stenomicrodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenomicrodon purpureus" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpureus">Stenomicrodon purpureus</taxonomicName>
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Hull, 1937: 26, by original designation. See
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<bibRefCitation author="Hull, FM" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Zoological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="257 - 408" title="The morphology and inter-relationships of the genera of syrphid flies, recent and fossil." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1949.tb00224.x" volume="26" year="1949">Hull (1949)</bibRefCitation>
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for synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Body length: 11-15 mm. Slender flies with elongate, tapering abdomen and long antennae, black with metallic hues, wings infuscated. Head about as wide as thorax. Face approximately straight in profile, except for slight bulge below antenna; narrower than eye. Lateral oral margins strongly produced. Vertex flat. Occiput ventrally narrow, dorsally slightly widened. Antennal fossa about as wide as high. Eye bare. Eye margins in male parallel, not converging at level of frons, mutual distance about three times width of antennal fossa. Antennal fossa about as wide as high. Antenna longer than distance between antennal fossa and anterior oral margin. Basoflagellomere shorter than scape; oval; bare. Postpronotum pilose. Scutellum semicircular; without calcars. Anepisternum deeply sulcate; almost entirely pilose, except bare on small part ventrally. Anepimeron entirely pilose. Katepimeron convex; bare. Wing: vein R4+5 with posterior appendix; vein M1 perpendicular to vein R4+5; postero-apical corner of cell r4+5 widely rounded; crossvein r-m located around basal 1/6 of cell dm. Abdomen elongate, more than 3 times as long as wide; in male gradually tapering from anterior half of tergite 2 to apex; in female slightly constricted between tergites 3 and 4. Tergites 3 and 4 fused. Male genitalia: phallus furcate basally, with dorsal process much longer than ventral one, projecting far beyond apex of hypandrium; epandrium with ventrolateral ridge; surstylus weakly furcate, divided into two short lobes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Diagnosis. Vein R4+5 with posterior appendix. Postpronotum pilose. Anepisternum almost entirely pilose, except bare on small ventral part. Basoflagellomere shorter than scape. Abdomen at least three times as long as wide. Tergite 2 with pair of depressed areas (Fig. 287).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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When
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<bibRefCitation author="Shiraki, T" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Faculty of Science and Agriculture, Taihoku Imperial University" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 446" title="Die Syrphiden des Japanischen Kaiserreichs, mit beruecksichtigung benachbarter Gebiete." volume="1" year="1930">Shiraki (1930)</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Parocyptamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parocyptamus" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parocyptamus</taxonomicName>
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, this genus was diagnosed in a key by the following two characters: abdomen narrow and elongate, frons with antennal prominence (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Fühlervorsprung’">'Fuehlervorsprung'</normalizedToken>
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). The latter character is of limited use, as the frons is more or less extended above the antennae in many other taxa of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Microdontinae">Microdontinae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Hull, FM" journalOrPublisher="Psyche" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="12 - 32" title="New species of exotic syrphid flies." url="10.1155/1937/46960" volume="44" year="1937 a">Hull (1937a)</bibRefCitation>
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did not state which characters he considered diagnostic in his description of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Stenomicrodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenomicrodon" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stenomicrodon</taxonomicName>
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. Judging from his remarks in
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<bibRefCitation author="Hull, FM" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Zoological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="257 - 408" title="The morphology and inter-relationships of the genera of syrphid flies, recent and fossil." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1949.tb00224.x" volume="26" year="1949">Hull (1949)</bibRefCitation>
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, the shape of the abdomen and the presence of a patch of short, spinose setae at the base of the front and mid femora were considered important characters. Although the anterobasal patches of setae are well-developed, such patches are also found in several other taxa of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Microdontinae">Microdontinae</taxonomicName>
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. Perhaps the spines are somewhat stronger developed than in most taxa, but it is hard to describe this as a discrete character state. Therefore, this character is not used in the present key and Diagnosis.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="55" pageNumber="56" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
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abdomen is constricted (slightly) only in the female, not in the male, as might be erroneously concluded from the key of
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<bibRefCitation author="Cheng, X-Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="21 - 48" title="A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China." volume="1879" year="2008">Cheng and Thompson (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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The synonymy of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Stenomicrodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenomicrodon" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Stenomicrodon</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Parocyptamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parocyptamus" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parocyptamus</taxonomicName>
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was already established by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hull, FM" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Zoological Society" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="257 - 408" title="The morphology and inter-relationships of the genera of syrphid flies, recent and fossil." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.1949.tb00224.x" volume="26" year="1949">Hull (1949)</bibRefCitation>
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. Examination of the involved type specimens by the first author has confirmed this (subjective) synonymy. The type species of both genus group names are here also considered as synonyms (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Parocyptamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parocyptamus sonamii" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sonamii">Parocyptamus sonamii</taxonomicName>
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Shiraki, 1930 =
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Stenomicrodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenomicrodon purpureus" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpureus">Stenomicrodon purpureus</taxonomicName>
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Hull, 1937 syn. n.).
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon stenogaster" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenogaster">Microdon stenogaster</taxonomicName>
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Curran, 1931 also belongs to this genus, as it is almost identical to the type species in colouration, external morphology and male genitalia. Closer examination of available specimens, also from Sumatra and Thailand, is necessary to resolve species level taxonomy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<bibRefCitation author="Shiraki, T" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Faculty of Science and Agriculture, Taihoku Imperial University" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 446" title="Die Syrphiden des Japanischen Kaiserreichs, mit beruecksichtigung benachbarter Gebiete." volume="1" year="1930">Shiraki (1930)</bibRefCitation>
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based his description of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Parocyptamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parocyptamus sonamii" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sonamii">Parocyptamus sonamii</taxonomicName>
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on three males. Two of these syntypes are kept in the NIAS collection. The third male (from Sokotsu) is apparently lost. Label information is as follows. Syntype 1: label 1: "Formosa, Shinchiku, -18. VII 1-30. J. Sonan, K. Miyake"; label 2: "Parocyptamus sonamii"; label 3 (round, red-bordered):
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Type”">"Type"</normalizedToken>
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. Syntype 2: label 1: "CIHpOn, 17.VII.1922, M. Yoshino"; label 2 (round, red-bordered):
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Type”">"Type"</normalizedToken>
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. The date on the label of syntype 1 is a bit cryptic ("-18. VII 1-30"). It is unlikely to assume the specimen has been collected in July 1930, because
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Shiraki’s">Shiraki's</normalizedToken>
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work was published on the 30th of January 1930. It seems more plausible that the date was 1-30 July 1918.
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<bibRefCitation author="Shiraki, T" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Faculty of Science and Agriculture, Taihoku Imperial University" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 446" title="Die Syrphiden des Japanischen Kaiserreichs, mit beruecksichtigung benachbarter Gebiete." volume="1" year="1930">Shiraki (1930)</bibRefCitation>
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only mentions the month (VII).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Diversity and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Described species: 2. Oriental: known from Taiwan, Thailand, Sumatra and Borneo.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |