166 lines
24 KiB
XML
166 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="B2A67E09EEF407003F575C2B424F914C" ID-DOI="10.2478/if-2019-0013" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5386203" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630303095841" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Friis, Else Marie, Crane, Peter R. & Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard" docDate="2019" docId="0396DC10BF33C23FCD96B222E4FB181A" docLanguage="en" docName="2_Friis.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 75 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2019-0013" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Eckhartia intermedia E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="213" masterDocId="FFAFA468BF0FC203CD58B635E7781C51" masterDocTitle="The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community" masterLastPageNumber="257" masterPageNumber="153" pageNumber="213" updateTime="1699221227565" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="127995E3D9AFC239D5E5193F1C4FC23A">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="781E99079BA65ED1A1A58CCB59E344C4">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DFA306CFA60335DF59D15941805AFCEF">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3FC92AF6E3B63A22B1B2F4F0981FD1E2">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C6EF2E083D6AE0F840D3136B034E671D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CE80BA9D7E2A2CBF5F5A37511E749989">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="29457EC0215E3C17E8D1A80A796A73B7">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="84E3A1C2C2D4550CA5404B94799D4A78">2019-11-25</mods:number>
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<heading id="D0C8DA6ABF33C23FCD96B222E5331800" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FCD96B222E5331800" bold="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF33C23FCD96B222E696181E" authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Eckhartia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intermedia" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FCD96B222E6C1187E" bold="true" box="[206,441,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Eckhartia intermedia</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2780C6FBF33C23FCCADB20CE5331800" box="[501,587,1081,1105]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCC37B26CE5681820" blockId="60.[367,528,1113,1137]" box="[367,528,1113,1137]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF33C23FCC37B26CE5681820" box="[367,528,1113,1137]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="61.[125,206,1915,1936]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-14@61.[650,1443,694,1226]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Text-fig. 39. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Eckhartia intermedia sp. nov. from a pollen clump, probably fragment of a stamen (a–e) and anthers and pollen of Eckhartia sp. (f–k); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Pollen clump that yielded the pollen in (b–e); b–d) Pollen grains viewed from distal (d) and proximal surfaces (b, c) showing the long colpus and well-developed reticulum with large and small luminae; e) Reticulum showing smooth muri supported by short columellae firmly attached to the smooth surface of the foot layer; note the occasional small luminae; f, g) Fragments of narrow elongate anthers with same kind of pollen as in (i); h) Inner surface of anther wall showing small spherical orbicules;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386333/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Text-fig. 39a–e</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C3253E8DBF33C23FCDFEB2BCE4FB181A" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCDFEB2BCE6861893" blockId="60.[129,768,1161,1218]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
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H o l o t y p e. Designated here. S148209 (Torres Vedras sample 43; figured
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF33C23FCC15B29CE68A1893" box="[333,498,1193,1218]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="61.[125,206,1915,1936]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-14@61.[650,1443,694,1226]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Text-fig. 39. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Eckhartia intermedia sp. nov. from a pollen clump, probably fragment of a stamen (a–e) and anthers and pollen of Eckhartia sp. (f–k); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Pollen clump that yielded the pollen in (b–e); b–d) Pollen grains viewed from distal (d) and proximal surfaces (b, c) showing the long colpus and well-developed reticulum with large and small luminae; e) Reticulum showing smooth muri supported by short columellae firmly attached to the smooth surface of the foot layer; note the occasional small luminae; f, g) Fragments of narrow elongate anthers with same kind of pollen as in (i); h) Inner surface of anther wall showing small spherical orbicules;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386333/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Text-fig. 39a–e</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCDFEB2EFE58518A0" blockId="60.[129,765,1241,1298]" box="[166,765,1241,1266]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">P l a n t F o s s i l N a m e s R e g i s t r y N u m b e r.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCDD9B2CFE6BF1943" blockId="60.[129,765,1241,1298]" box="[129,455,1274,1298]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">PFN000474 (for new species).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCDFEB31FE62519D2" blockId="60.[129,768,1322,1411]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF33C23FCDFEB31FE62119D2" collectionCode="R" country="Sweden" county="Swedish Museum of Natural History" location="Palaeobotanical Collections" municipality="Department of Palaeobiology" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Stockholm">
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<collectionCode id="ED2EF5C3BF33C23FCDFEB31FE7C01910" box="[166,184,1322,1345]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">R</collectionCode>
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e p o s i t o r y.
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE4F77CBF33C23FCFDDB31FE6411933" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Department of Palaeobiology</collectingMunicipality>
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, the
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,
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3282D96BF33C23FCC59B35EE62119D2" box="[257,345,1387,1411]" name="Sweden" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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.
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCDFEB3AEE6411A64" blockId="60.[129,768,1435,1589]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
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E t y m o l o g y. From Latin: intermedium referring to the intermediate nature of the tectum between the two other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF33C23FCDA9B3E9E62219A5" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[241,346,1500,1524]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Eckhartia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FCDA9B3E9E62219A5" box="[241,346,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Eckhartia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF33C23FCC8CB3E9E59C19A5" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen" authorityYear="2019" box="[468,740,1500,1524]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Eckhartia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicolumella">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FCC8CB3E9E59C19A5" box="[468,740,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Eckhartia longicolumella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the fine reticulum and similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF33C23FCCACB3C8E5CD1A44" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen" authorityYear="2019" box="[500,693,1533,1557]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Eckhartia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevicolumella">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FCCACB3C8E5CD1A44" box="[500,693,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">E. brevicolumella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the short columellae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCDFEB07BE5871A34" blockId="60.[129,767,1613,1670]" box="[166,767,1613,1638]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">T y p e l o c a l i t y. Torres Vedras (NE of Forte de</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCDD9B05BE6941AD7" blockId="60.[129,767,1613,1670]" box="[129,492,1644,1670]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
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Forca;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0B0BC1BF33C23FCD93B059E62C1AD4" box="[203,340,1644,1669]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" precision="15" seconds="13" value="39.10361">39°06′13″ N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0B0BC1BF33C23FCC06B059E6981AD7" box="[350,480,1644,1670]" degrees="9" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-9.246389">9°14′47″ W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCDFEB0ABE66C1AA6" blockId="60.[129,768,1693,1783]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">T y p e s t r a t u m a n d a g e. Lower member of the Almargem Formation; Early Cretaceous (late Barremianearly Aptian).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCDFEB13AE79D1B39" blockId="60.[129,768,1806,1896]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">D i a g n o s i s. As for the genus with the following additions: Reticulum fine. Columellae short and densely arranged.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCE29B6ADE2D21D40" blockId="60.[843,1482,152,273]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
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D i s t i n g u i s h i n g f e a t u r e s. Anthers are not known for this species. Pollen grains are similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF33C23FC838B68DE4931CA0" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Eckhartia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicolumella">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FC838B68DE4931CA0" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Eckhartia longicolumella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in their fine reticulum, and similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF33C23FC8EBB6ECE4921D40" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Eckhartia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevicolumella">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FC8EBB6ECE4921D40" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">E. brevicolumella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in their short, densely spaced columellae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCE29B71CE2B11D10" blockId="60.[881,1481,297,321]" box="[881,1481,297,321]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">D i m e n s i o n s. Length of pollen grains: about 16 µm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCE29B76CE2341D83" blockId="60.[843,1482,344,987]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
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D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF33C23FC838B76DE4C71DC0" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Eckhartia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intermedia">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FC838B76DE4C71DC0" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Eckhartia intermedia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
is based on the pollen grains observed in a pollen clump that contains only a single kind of pollen, and is probably a fragment of a stamen (
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF33C23FC9EAB78FE2381D83" box="[1202,1344,442,466]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="61.[125,206,1915,1936]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-14@61.[650,1443,694,1226]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Text-fig. 39. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Eckhartia intermedia sp. nov. from a pollen clump, probably fragment of a stamen (a–e) and anthers and pollen of Eckhartia sp. (f–k); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Pollen clump that yielded the pollen in (b–e); b–d) Pollen grains viewed from distal (d) and proximal surfaces (b, c) showing the long colpus and well-developed reticulum with large and small luminae; e) Reticulum showing smooth muri supported by short columellae firmly attached to the smooth surface of the foot layer; note the occasional small luminae; f, g) Fragments of narrow elongate anthers with same kind of pollen as in (i); h) Inner surface of anther wall showing small spherical orbicules;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386333/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Text-fig. 39a</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCE29B7EEE4F81F8A" blockId="60.[843,1482,344,987]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
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Pollen grains are about 16 µm in equatorial diameter, monocolpate, semitectate-reticulate, heterobrochate and columellate (
|
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF33C23FCE80B429E3FC1E65" box="[984,1156,540,564]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="61.[125,206,1915,1936]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-14@61.[650,1443,694,1226]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Text-fig. 39. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Eckhartia intermedia sp. nov. from a pollen clump, probably fragment of a stamen (a–e) and anthers and pollen of Eckhartia sp. (f–k); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Pollen clump that yielded the pollen in (b–e); b–d) Pollen grains viewed from distal (d) and proximal surfaces (b, c) showing the long colpus and well-developed reticulum with large and small luminae; e) Reticulum showing smooth muri supported by short columellae firmly attached to the smooth surface of the foot layer; note the occasional small luminae; f, g) Fragments of narrow elongate anthers with same kind of pollen as in (i); h) Inner surface of anther wall showing small spherical orbicules;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386333/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Text-fig. 39b–e</figureCitation>
|
||
). The reticulum over most of the grains is relatively fine compared to the reticulum of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FCE13B468E3131E24" box="[843,1131,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF33C23FCE13B468E31F1E24" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen" authorityYear="2019" box="[843,1127,605,629]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Eckhartia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevicolumella">Eckhartia brevicolumella</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Smaller lumina are scattered among the larger lumina, with the larger lumina up to about 0.9 µm in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF33C23FC97BB4ABE3C81EE7" box="[1059,1200,670,694]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="61.[125,206,1915,1936]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-14@61.[650,1443,694,1226]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Text-fig. 39. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Eckhartia intermedia sp. nov. from a pollen clump, probably fragment of a stamen (a–e) and anthers and pollen of Eckhartia sp. (f–k); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Pollen clump that yielded the pollen in (b–e); b–d) Pollen grains viewed from distal (d) and proximal surfaces (b, c) showing the long colpus and well-developed reticulum with large and small luminae; e) Reticulum showing smooth muri supported by short columellae firmly attached to the smooth surface of the foot layer; note the occasional small luminae; f, g) Fragments of narrow elongate anthers with same kind of pollen as in (i); h) Inner surface of anther wall showing small spherical orbicules;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386333/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Text-fig. 39e</figureCitation>
|
||
). The colpus margin is not well exposed in any of the grains, but it is clear that lumina are smaller and the tectum is psilate at the ends of the colpus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF33C23FCE0AB4CAE49C1F46" box="[850,996,767,791]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="61.[125,206,1915,1936]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-14@61.[650,1443,694,1226]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Text-fig. 39. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Eckhartia intermedia sp. nov. from a pollen clump, probably fragment of a stamen (a–e) and anthers and pollen of Eckhartia sp. (f–k); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Pollen clump that yielded the pollen in (b–e); b–d) Pollen grains viewed from distal (d) and proximal surfaces (b, c) showing the long colpus and well-developed reticulum with large and small luminae; e) Reticulum showing smooth muri supported by short columellae firmly attached to the smooth surface of the foot layer; note the occasional small luminae; f, g) Fragments of narrow elongate anthers with same kind of pollen as in (i); h) Inner surface of anther wall showing small spherical orbicules;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386333/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Text-fig. 39d</figureCitation>
|
||
). Muri are about 0.2 µm wide with rounded profile. Columellae are short, about 0.2 µm long, and densely spaced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF33C23FC958B575E3E91F08" box="[1024,1169,832,857]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="61.[125,206,1915,1936]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-14@61.[650,1443,694,1226]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Text-fig. 39. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of monocolpate pollen of Eckhartia intermedia sp. nov. from a pollen clump, probably fragment of a stamen (a–e) and anthers and pollen of Eckhartia sp. (f–k); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Pollen clump that yielded the pollen in (b–e); b–d) Pollen grains viewed from distal (d) and proximal surfaces (b, c) showing the long colpus and well-developed reticulum with large and small luminae; e) Reticulum showing smooth muri supported by short columellae firmly attached to the smooth surface of the foot layer; note the occasional small luminae; f, g) Fragments of narrow elongate anthers with same kind of pollen as in (i); h) Inner surface of anther wall showing small spherical orbicules;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386333/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Text-fig. 39e</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tooth-shaped and rounded orbicules have been observed on the surfaces between the pollen grains, but they are rare, perhaps because the pollen are found in a pollen clump without remains of the anther wall.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF33C23FCE29B5C7E4FB181A" blockId="60.[843,1482,1010,1099]" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">
|
||
A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF33C23FC838B5C7E4C7187A" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Eckhartia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="60" pageNumber="213" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="intermedia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF33C23FC838B5C7E4C7187A" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="213">Eckhartia intermedia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the Torres Vedras mesofossil flora.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |