228 lines
31 KiB
XML
228 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="B98E23008C929CF59D6FC761C177EB84" ID-DOI="10.2478/if-2019-0013" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5386203" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630303095841" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Friis, Else Marie, Crane, Peter R. & Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard" docDate="2019" docId="0396DC10BF11C223CE2EB4DEE5A81F54" docLanguage="en" docName="2_Friis.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 75 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2019-0013" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Kvacekispermum costatum E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="185" masterDocId="FFAFA468BF0FC203CD58B635E7781C51" masterDocTitle="The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community" masterLastPageNumber="257" masterPageNumber="153" pageNumber="183" updateTime="1699221227565" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="6F41879F2DF4F1E38BFED16A20A1DC0E">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1164B414470E5B5BECB56C2D5BE11DE8">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89C64E2403E2B3BE9C3114DF09D1C9A0">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="102E9F36202620FB8A2DA9343EF57C45">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="29EB2BEFD886F495B66B32A46448F8DE">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DF8F8486DFDB95ACF4C67D744C2E91F3">2019</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C3253E8DBF11C21DCE2EB4DEE3A31F15" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE2EB4DEE26D1F75" blockId="30.[886,1438,747,804]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">
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<heading id="D0C8DA6ABF11C21DCE2EB4DEE26D1F75" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCE2EB4DEE26D1F75" bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCE2EB4DEE3C11F73" authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R. CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="costatum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCE2EB4DEE3E61F53" bold="true" box="[886,1182,747,771]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Kvacekispermum costatum</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, P.R. CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2780C6FBF11C21DC998B539E26D1F75" box="[1216,1301,780,804]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DC962B519E3A31F15" blockId="30.[1082,1243,812,836]" box="[1082,1243,812,836]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF11C21DC962B519E3A31F15" box="[1082,1243,812,836]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="32.[147,226,1931,1952]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,1246,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-582@32.[709,1064,1244,1909]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Scanning electron microscope (SEM; d, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM; a–c) images of a seed of Kvacekispermum costatum sp. nov. (a–c) and Kvacekispermum sp. (d, e); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Isolated, abraded seeds showing densely spaced longitudinal ridges; c) Detail of abraded seed in (b) showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals; d) Isolated, abraded seed showing longitudinal ridges; e) Abraded seed surface showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals. Specimens, TV44-S174098 (holotype; a), TV38-S174099 (b, c), TV43-S174612 (d, e). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d), 50 Μm (c, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386267/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Text-fig. 19a–c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3253E8DBF11C223CE29B569E5A81F54" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE29B569E3D71FC5" blockId="30.[843,1482,859,916]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">
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H o l o t y p e. Designated here. S174098 (Torres Vedras sample 38; figured
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF11C21DC940B549E3DB1FC5" box="[1048,1187,892,916]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="32.[147,226,1931,1952]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,1246,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-582@32.[709,1064,1244,1909]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Scanning electron microscope (SEM; d, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM; a–c) images of a seed of Kvacekispermum costatum sp. nov. (a–c) and Kvacekispermum sp. (d, e); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Isolated, abraded seeds showing densely spaced longitudinal ridges; c) Detail of abraded seed in (b) showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals; d) Isolated, abraded seed showing longitudinal ridges; e) Abraded seed surface showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals. Specimens, TV44-S174098 (holotype; a), TV38-S174099 (b, c), TV43-S174612 (d, e). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d), 50 Μm (c, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386267/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Text-fig. 19a</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE29B599E2BF1F92" blockId="30.[843,1479,939,996]" box="[881,1479,939,964]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">P l a n t F o s s i l N a m e s R e g i s t r y N u m b e r.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE13B5FEE3E91FB5" blockId="30.[843,1479,939,996]" box="[843,1169,971,996]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">PFN000457 (for new species).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE29B5C9E4B01865" blockId="30.[843,1482,1019,1076]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">P a r a t y p e. Designated here. S174099 (Torres Vedras sample 38).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE29B27EE35018F5" blockId="30.[843,1482,1099,1188]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF11C21DCE29B27EE35C18F5" collectionCode="R" country="Sweden" county="Swedish Museum of Natural History" location="Palaeobotanical Collections" municipality="Department of Palaeobiology" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Stockholm">
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<collectionCode id="ED2EF5C3BF11C21DCE29B27EE4FB1833" box="[881,899,1099,1122]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">R</collectionCode>
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e p o s i t o r y.
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<location id="8EE03BDDBF11C21DC979B27EE23C1832" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0396DC10BF11C223CE2EB4DEE5A81F54:8EE03BDDBF11C21DC979B27EE23C1832" box="[1057,1348,1099,1123]" country="Sweden" county="Swedish Museum of Natural History" municipality="Department of Palaeobiology" name="Palaeobotanical Collections" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" stateProvince="Stockholm">Palaeobotanical Collections</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE4F77CBF11C21DC817B27EE37B18D2" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Department of Palaeobiology</collectingMunicipality>
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, the
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<collectingCounty id="62E1158ABF11C21DC96FB25EE2BE18D2" box="[1079,1478,1131,1155]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Swedish Museum of Natural History</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49FBA3E4BF11C21DCE13B2B9E4B918F5" box="[843,961,1164,1188]" country="Sweden" name="Stockholm" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Stockholm</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3282D96BF11C21DCE94B2B9E35C18F5" box="[972,1060,1164,1188]" name="Sweden" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE29B289E21F18A5" blockId="30.[843,1482,1211,1268]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">E t y m o l o g y. From Latin: costatus referring to longitudinal ridges on the surface of the endotesta.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE29B339E2B11972" blockId="30.[843,1481,1291,1348]" box="[881,1481,1291,1316]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">T y p e l o c a l i t y. Torres Vedras (NE of Forte de</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE13B319E3CE1915" blockId="30.[843,1481,1291,1348]" box="[843,1206,1322,1348]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">
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Forca;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0B0BC1BF11C21DCECEB31FE3661912" box="[918,1054,1322,1347]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" precision="15" seconds="13" value="39.10361">39°06′13″ N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0B0BC1BF11C21DC971B31FE3D21915" box="[1065,1194,1322,1348]" degrees="9" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-9.246389">9°14′47″ W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE29B36EE4A619E5" blockId="30.[843,1482,1371,1460]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">T y p e s t r a t u m a n d a g e. Lower member of the Almargem Formation; Early Cretaceous (late Barremianearly Aptian).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE29B3FEE2E41AD4" blockId="30.[843,1482,1483,1669]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">S p e c i f i c d i a g n o s i s. Seeds tiny, broadly obovate in lateral view and almost circular in transverse section with an uneven surface of the endotesta formed from numerous longitudinal ridges separated by shallow depressions. Endotesta comprised of a single layer of palisade-shaped cells with densely spaced crystals and fibrous infillings.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF11C21DCE29B0A8E78F1470" blockId="30.[843,1482,1693,1814]" lastBlockId="30.[147,1463,1885,2081]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">
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D i s t i n g u i s h i n g f e a t u r e s.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DC84AB0A8E4D31A84" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="costatum">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DC84AB0A8E4D31A84" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Kvacekispermum costatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DC9F2B088E3881AA5" authority="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosum">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DC9F2B088E2B11A84" box="[1194,1481,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Kvacekispermum rugosum</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN
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</taxonomicName>
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described from the Catefica locality (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE10F7BF11C21DC949B0C8E3AE1B47" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[1041,1238,1789,1814]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" pagination="65 - 76" refId="ref75605" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2018 c): Rightcania and Kvacekispermum: Early Cretaceous seeds from eastern North America and Portugal provide further evidence of the early chloranthoid diversification. - Fossil Imprint, 74 (1 - 2): 65 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / if- 2018 - 0006" type="journal article" year="2018">Friis et al. 2018c</bibRefCitation>
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) by its much smaller
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCDCBB168E78F1470" bold="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">
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and tangential longitudinal (f; SRXTM orthoslice yz0246) sections showing the amorphous fruit wall with prominent cavities formed by the scattered oil bodies (f); note the crystalliferous cells of the endotesta with endoreticulate infillings and outlines of small crystals (e); g) Longitudinal section (SRXTM orthoslice yz0490) showing the small poorly developed embryo surrounded by the crystalliferous cells of the endotesta; h, i) Probable seeds of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF11C21DCE57B180E4031B9B" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2011" box="[783,891,1973,1994]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF11C21DCE57B180E4031B9B" bold="true" box="[783,891,1973,1994]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="183">Canrightia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in lateral view showing the rounded point of attachment (above) and the pointed micropylar region (below); j) Crystalliferous cells of the endotesta showing crystals of two distinct sizes. Specimens, TV38-S164100 (
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<typeStatus id="5484D3A4BF11C21DCCE9B1DAE5751455" box="[433,525,2031,2052]" pageId="30" pageNumber="183" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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; a–g), TV43-S170069 (h), TV43-S170068 (i, j). Scale bars 300 Μm (a–d, h, i), 100 Μm (e–g), 20 Μm (j).
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF403D8EBF10C21CCD25B077E5E11B56" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386265" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5386265" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386265/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" startId="31.[125,206,1602,1623]" targetBox="[128,1440,151,1578]" targetPageId="31">
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF10C21CCD25B077E5E11B56" blockId="31.[125,1440,1602,1799]" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">
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Text-fig. 18. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of a fruit of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF10C21CCE2BB076E37F1A06" box="[883,1031,1602,1624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF10C21CCE2BB076E4A71A09" bold="true" box="[883,991,1603,1624]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">Canrightia</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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with associated pollen; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Fruit in lateral view showing prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by the scattered oil bodies and the broad hypanthium fused to the base of the fruit (arrowhead); b) Fruit surface showing epidermal cells and the scattered oil cells embedded in the fruit wall (arrowheads); c) Cluster of monocolpate pollen grains in the probable stigmatic region of the fruit; d) Pollen grains showing the long colpus and semitectate-reticulate pollen wall; e) Pollen wall showing the reticulum with large and small lumina, and scattered, compressed columellae supporting the smooth muri. Specimen, TV142-S170213. Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 100 Μm (b), 30 Μm (c), 6 Μm (d), 1 Μm (e).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF10C21CCD32B17AE5301456" blockId="31.[106,745,1871,2055]" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">
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size (about half the length of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF10C21CCCF2B17AE55F1B37" box="[426,551,1871,1894]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF10C21CCCF2B17AE55F1B37" box="[426,551,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">K. rugosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and by the more numerous longitudinal ridges (about 35 ridges in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF10C21CCF33B15AE5901BD7" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[619,744,1903,1926]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="costatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF10C21CCF33B15AE5901BD7" box="[619,744,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">K. costatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and about
|
||
<quantity id="4CC7C0E3BF10C21CCDBBB1BAE6661BF6" box="[227,286,1935,1959]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" unit="in" value="20.0">20 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF10C21CCC71B1BAE6D21BF7" box="[297,426,1935,1958]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF10C21CCC71B1BAE6D21BF7" box="[297,426,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">K. rugosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF10C21CCF69B1BAE5911BF6" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2018" box="[561,745,1935,1959]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF10C21CCF69B1BAE5911BF6" box="[561,745,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">Kvacekispermum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distinguished from seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF10C21CCC89B19AE7CD1457" authority="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN (Friis et al. 2015 b)" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF10C21CCC89B19AE5081B96" box="[465,624,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">Canrightiopsis</emphasis>
|
||
E.M.FRIIS, G.W.GRIMM, M.M.MENDES et K.R.PEDERSEN (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE10F7BF10C21CCF33B1FAE7D61457" author="Friis, E. M. & Grimm, G. W. & Mendes, M. M. & Pedersen, K. R." pageId="31" pageNumber="184" pagination="184 - 212" refId="ref76170" refString="Friis, E. M., Grimm, G. W., Mendes, M. M., Pedersen, K. R. (2015 b): Canrightiopsis, a new Early Cretaceous fossil with Clavatipollenites - type pollen bridge the gap between extinct Canrightia and extant Chloranthaceae. - Grana, 54: 184 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00173134.2015.1060750" type="journal article" year="2015">Friis et al. 2015b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their strongly ribbed seed surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF10C21CCE02B17AE37C1BD7" blockId="31.[820,1459,1870,1927]" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">
|
||
D i m e n s i o n s. Length of seed:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC7C0E3BF10C21CC9BDB17BE2391B37" box="[1253,1345,1870,1894]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width of seeds:
|
||
<quantity id="4CC7C0E3BF10C21CCE24B15BE3781BD7" box="[892,1024,1902,1926]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF10C223CE02B1ABE5F41E45" blockId="31.[820,1459,1950,2038]" lastBlockId="32.[129,768,151,532]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">
|
||
D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s. Remains of the apical part of the fruit show a sessile rounded stigmatic area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF10C21CCE63B1EBE4901BA7" box="[827,1000,2014,2038]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="32.[147,226,1931,1952]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,1246,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-582@32.[709,1064,1244,1909]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Scanning electron microscope (SEM; d, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM; a–c) images of a seed of Kvacekispermum costatum sp. nov. (a–c) and Kvacekispermum sp. (d, e); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Isolated, abraded seeds showing densely spaced longitudinal ridges; c) Detail of abraded seed in (b) showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals; d) Isolated, abraded seed showing longitudinal ridges; e) Abraded seed surface showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals. Specimens, TV44-S174098 (holotype; a), TV38-S174099 (b, c), TV43-S174612 (d, e). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d), 50 Μm (c, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386267/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="184">Text-fig. 19a, b</figureCitation>
|
||
). There are no remains of hypanthium or other parts of the flower. The seeds are very small, elliptical to ovoid with pointed micropylar region. Both seeds were studied using SRXTM, but they are lignitised, strongly compressed and with an almost homogenized seed coat. Cellular details are best observed on the outer surface which shows crystal cells with equiaxial facets (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF2FC223CF6FB70CE5B91D03" box="[567,705,313,338]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="32.[147,226,1931,1952]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,1246,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-582@32.[709,1064,1244,1909]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Scanning electron microscope (SEM; d, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM; a–c) images of a seed of Kvacekispermum costatum sp. nov. (a–c) and Kvacekispermum sp. (d, e); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Isolated, abraded seeds showing densely spaced longitudinal ridges; c) Detail of abraded seed in (b) showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals; d) Isolated, abraded seed showing longitudinal ridges; e) Abraded seed surface showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals. Specimens, TV44-S174098 (holotype; a), TV38-S174099 (b, c), TV43-S174612 (d, e). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d), 50 Μm (c, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386267/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">Text-fig. 19c</figureCitation>
|
||
) very similar to the endotestal cells of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF2FC223CCBAB76FE5871D23" box="[482,767,346,370]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF2FC223CCBAB76FE5871D23" box="[482,767,346,370]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">Kvacekispermum rugosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as well as those of other Early Cretaceous chloranthoids. The surface of the endotesta is characterized by about 35 densely-spaced, rounded longitudinal ridges that extend from base to apex, and densely-spaced shallow and rounded depressions between the ridges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF2FC223CC81B7C9E5F81E45" box="[473,640,508,532]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="32.[147,226,1931,1952]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,1246,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-582@32.[709,1064,1244,1909]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Scanning electron microscope (SEM; d, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM; a–c) images of a seed of Kvacekispermum costatum sp. nov. (a–c) and Kvacekispermum sp. (d, e); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a, b) Isolated, abraded seeds showing densely spaced longitudinal ridges; c) Detail of abraded seed in (b) showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals; d) Isolated, abraded seed showing longitudinal ridges; e) Abraded seed surface showing surface of endotesta with imprints of crystals. Specimens, TV44-S174098 (holotype; a), TV38-S174099 (b, c), TV43-S174612 (d, e). Scale bars 300 Μm (a, b, d), 50 Μm (c, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386267/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">Text-fig. 19a–c</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF2FC223CDFEB41EE5A81F54" blockId="32.[129,768,555,776]" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">
|
||
A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s. Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF2FC223CDD9B47EE6E31E32" box="[129,411,587,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF2FC223CDD9B47EE6E31E32" box="[129,411,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">Kvacekispermum rugosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF2FC223CCF0B479E55F1E32" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[424,551,588,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="costatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF2FC223CCF0B479E55F1E32" box="[424,551,588,611]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">K. costatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an extinct species closely related to the clade comprising extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF2FC223CFC0B459E5801ED2" box="[664,760,620,643]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Ascarina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF2FC223CFC0B459E5801ED2" box="[664,760,620,643]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">Ascarina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF2FC223CDD9B4B9E67E1EF5" box="[129,262,652,676]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Chloranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF2FC223CDD9B4B9E67E1EF5" box="[129,262,652,676]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">Chloranthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF2FC223CC66B4B9E6D61EF5" box="[318,430,652,676]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF2FC223CC66B4B9E6D61EF5" box="[318,430,652,676]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">Sarcandra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, among extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF2FC223CF01B4B9E6371E94" authority="(Friis et al. 2018 c)" baseAuthorityName="Friis" baseAuthorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
|
||
Chloranthaceae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE10F7BF2FC223CDD0B498E6301E94" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[136,328,685,709]" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" pagination="65 - 76" refId="ref75605" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2018 c): Rightcania and Kvacekispermum: Early Cretaceous seeds from eastern North America and Portugal provide further evidence of the early chloranthoid diversification. - Fossil Imprint, 74 (1 - 2): 65 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / if- 2018 - 0006" type="journal article" year="2018">Friis et al. 2018c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF2FC223CC03B498E5031E95" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[347,635,685,709]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="costatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF2FC223CC03B498E5031E95" box="[347,635,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">Kvacekispermum costatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently known only from the Torres Vedras locality, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF2FC223CFBFB4FBE7A61F54" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Kvacekispermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="32" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF2FC223CFBFB4FBE7A61F54" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">K. rugosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FBA3E4BF2FC223CCBCB4D8E56B1F54" box="[484,531,749,773]" country="Switzerland" name="Valais" pageId="32" pageNumber="185">Vale</collectingRegion>
|
||
de Água locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |