131 lines
14 KiB
XML
131 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="7A7AFA2B81E58C65D5FD055A3A8D2E97" ID-CLB-Dataset="7919" ID-DOI="10.1206/3726.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c50f5780-523a-40db-bade-2289eedfa11d" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565809" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614359498161" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rozen, Jerome G." docDate="2011" docId="B02DA82FDC2FAB5C92ECFA71FCD3FAFA" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2011.3726.1-52.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2011 (3726)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/3726.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Chilimalopsis PARVULA TORO" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="4C14D057DC3DAB4F9305FF93FFA5FFCC" masterDocTitle="Immatures of Exomalopsine Bees with Notes on Nesting Biology and a Tribal Key to Mature Larvae of Noncorbiculate, Nonparasitic Apinae (Hymenoptera: Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698931365235" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="0DB89B7616BFEE9A09B35311A8B245EB">Immatures of Exomalopsine Bees with Notes on Nesting Biology and a Tribal Key to Mature Larvae of Noncorbiculate, Nonparasitic Apinae (Hymenoptera: Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7CE76CB40D3EDD124FEF45C29610EE52">Rozen, Jerome G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="89B87098BC72B336E7C328F764EE29D6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="10759577BA0C0C7C3A4014B9FD603B5B">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="EFD28712A6D3EE543A55C20228F91502">
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<mods:date id="90FA4A04037843622A1E9BFC064058FA">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BCE09BC40FE8EBC428817FA2713109AE">2011-11-07</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D698A1B5DB22ABCD10B03358D523B3A2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5FAF187D5204F0AABF90D9997B3D3582">2011</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A650F232B1CF43CEA6636CA95288777F">3726</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E2DD79D7EB6563B2115FD89FF02A1D1E">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="1360345EF0442B91DE6A7D8AC90319E5">52</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="A4EDAF42DDE75B5A806B5CC72D1EE38E">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/3726.2</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FD4FB5D433B5C2E53B8A6C3E47D1E646">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E16D226AA3EBC49776315AE2BFDCC337" type="CLB-Dataset">7919</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7C6D43495C794F0B3FF30D85ADA3C865" type="DOI">10.1206/3726.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C9F1525372EA3039FCEE52FC6029B65D" type="ISSN">0003-0082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C75EBCA71576D2CF9934CEEAA69D9BE9" type="Zenodo-Dep">4565809</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B02DA82FDC2FAB5C92ECFA71FCD3FAFA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4565731" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179985001" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4565731" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B02DA82FDC2FAB5C92ECFA71FCD3FAFA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B02DA82FDC2FAB5C92ECFA71FCD3FAFA" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection id="709E4AB2DC2FAB5D92ECFA71FCADF9F8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="383B1939DC2FAB5D92ECFA71FCF2FA30" blockId="18.[489,855,1506,1532]" box="[489,855,1506,1532]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="6373AE55DC2FAB5D92ECFA71FCF2FA30" allCaps="true" box="[489,855,1506,1532]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FF8462BADC2FAB5D92ECFA71FCF2FA30" ID-CoL="3MZS" authority="PARVULA TORO" authorityName="PARVULA TORO" box="[489,855,1506,1532]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Chilimalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0AF0C52BDC2FAB5D92ECFA71FCABFA30" box="[489,782,1506,1532]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">CHILIMALOPSIS PARVULA</emphasis>
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TORO
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="383B1939DC2FAB5D913DF98AFCADF9F8" blockId="18.[568,776,1561,1588]" box="[568,776,1561,1588]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="6373AE55DC2FAB5D913DF98AFCADF9F8" box="[568,776,1561,1588]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="7">Figures 28, 37, 38</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="709E4AB2DC2FAB5C93ADF9C1FED5FB0A" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="383B1939DC2FAB5C93ADF9C1FF74FE8A" blockId="18.[120,1224,1617,1756]" lastBlockId="19.[120,1225,225,1335]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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DIAGNOSIS: The mature larva of this species is similar to that of
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<emphasis id="0AF0C52BDC2FAB5D90B8F9C2FB6DF9A7" box="[957,1224,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="FF8462BADC2FAB5D90B8F9C2FB61F9A7" box="[957,1220,1617,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Teratognatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modesta">Teratognatha modesta</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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below. Both are characterized by their sharply pointed, elongate antennal papilla. Although the antennal papilla of
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<taxonomicName id="FF8462BADC2FAB5D9259F90EFD8DF97A" authorityName="Ogloblin" authorityYear="1956" box="[348,552,1692,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Eremapis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
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<emphasis id="0AF0C52BDC2FAB5D9259F90EFD8DF97A" box="[348,552,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Eremapis parvula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is equally elongate, its apex is rounded, thereby different from those of
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<taxonomicName id="FF8462BADC2FAB5D921AF952FDB9F917" authorityName="Toro" authorityYear="1976" box="[287,540,1729,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Chilimalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
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<emphasis id="0AF0C52BDC2FAB5D921AF952FDB9F917" box="[287,540,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Chilimalopsis parvula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis id="0AF0C52BDC2FAB5D9152F951FD7EF917" box="[599,731,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="FF8462BADC2FAB5D9152F951FD72F917" box="[599,727,1729,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Teratognatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modesta">T. modesta</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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They can be distinguished on the basis of characters in the key. Mandibular apices, particularly of
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<taxonomicName id="FF8462BADC2EAB5C900EFF71FC23FF37" authorityName="Toro" authorityYear="1976" box="[779,902,225,252]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Chilimalopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
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<emphasis id="0AF0C52BDC2EAB5C900EFF71FC23FF37" box="[779,902,225,252]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. parvula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis id="0AF0C52BDC2EAB5C90C5FF71FBE6FF37" box="[960,1091,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName id="FF8462BADC2EAB5C90C5FF71FB9AFF37" box="[960,1087,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Teratognatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modesta">T. modesta</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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are subject to considerable wear, so that those of younger fifth instars tend to differ from older ones (figs. 37–40).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="383B1939DC2EAB5C93ADFEC1FF79FE7A" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="0AF0C52BDC2EAB5C93ADFEC1FF55FEA0" bold="true" box="[168,240,338,364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Head:</emphasis>
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Integument with spicules on dorsal surface of maxilla, hypopharynx, and with pair of patches of curved, mesad directed spicules on epipharynx; mandibular corium without spicules.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="383B1939DC2EAB5C93ADFE52FD17FDEA" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Antennal disc large, its diameter about three-fourths of distance between anterior tentorial pit and disc; antennal papilla cone shaped, sharply pointed, projecting, about as high as basal diameter, and about as long as maxillary palpus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="383B1939DC2EAB5C93ADFDA2FBBAFB9A" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Mandible as seen in aboral view with upper and lower surfaces from base with narrowest width in vicinity of cusp and then expanding outward before terminating; in predefecating larva (fig. 37) mandible ending in two main teeth, i.e., (1) large dorsal tooth accompanied on each side by several slightly smaller teeth and (2) a smaller, more ventral tooth with several points; teeth 1 and 2 obviously representing general exomalopsines plan of large, longer dorsal tooth and smaller ventral tooth; in postdefecating larva (fig. 38) mandibular apex apparently greatly worn; mandible now ending as rounded apex, sometimes with irregularly scalloped edged, with ventral lobe representing ventral exomalopsine tooth; dorsal apical mandibular edge with regularly spaced, moderate-size teeth that in cuspal area border upper edge of cusp; lower edge of cusp bordered by similar teeth; planar surface of cusp covered with smaller teeth; outer mandibular surface with single seta. Maxillary palpus well developed, about twice as long as basal diameter. Labium clearly divided into prementum and postmentum; labial palpus about half as long as maxillary palpus, its length greater than its basal diameter. Salivary opening with projecting lips, transverse, width about one-half distance between labial palpi. Hypopharynx spiculate but configuration of surface uncertain; hypopharyngeal groove present, distinct.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="383B1939DC2EAB5C93ADFBF1FED5FB0A" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="0AF0C52BDC2EAB5C93ADFBF1FF55FBB0" bold="true" box="[168,240,1122,1148]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Body:</emphasis>
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As illustrated (fig. 28). Subatrium normal in length, consisting of about 12 chambers, decreasing at most only very slightly in outside diameter from body surface inward. Sex characters unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="709E4AB2DC2EAB5C93ADFB41FBA4FADE" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="383B1939DC2EAB5C93ADFB41FBA4FADE" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<materialsCitation id="88EC1364DC2EAB5C93ADFB41FC58FADE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3044230313" collectingDate="1992-10-31" collectingDateMax="1992-11-10" collectingDateMin="1992-10-31" collectorName="J. G. Rozen & E. Chiappa" country="Chile" location="Four" municipality="Elqui Province" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1">
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MATERIAL STUDIED:
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<location id="3D5B4FE2DC2EAB5C92AEFB41FE41FB20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B02DA82FDC2FAB5C92ECFA71FCD3FAFA:3D5B4FE2DC2EAB5C92AEFB41FE41FB20" box="[427,484,1234,1260]" country="Chile" municipality="Elqui Province" name="Four" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Four</location>
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postdefecating and many (10+) predefecating larvae:
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<collectingCountry id="409359A9DC2EAB5C9784FB42FB61FB27" box="[1153,1220,1233,1259]" name="Chile" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Chile</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="D85F8343DC2EAB5C937DFB64FE8DFADD" box="[120,296,1271,1297]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Elqui Province</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<locationDeviation id="2989001BDC2EAB5C9231FB64FE51FADD" box="[308,500,1271,1297]" location="Vicuna" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<quantity id="FF7CB4DCDC2EAB5C9231FB64FE25FADD" box="[308,384,1271,1297]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
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S Vicuña
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</locationDeviation>
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,
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<date id="4C3A3FF9DC2EAB5C9105FB64FD6AFADD" box="[512,719,1271,1297]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1992-10-31" valueMax="1992-11-10" valueMin="1992-10-31">
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<collectingDate id="5C7EC611DC2EAB5C9105FB64FD6AFADD" box="[512,719,1271,1297]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1992-10-31" valueMax="1992-11-10" valueMin="1992-10-31">X-31–XI-10-1992</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(
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<collectorName id="95717CEFDC2EAB5C91E4FB64FCC4FADD" box="[737,865,1271,1297]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">J.G. Rozen</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="95717CEFDC2EAB5C9068FB64FC50FADE" box="[877,1013,1271,1298]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">E. Chiappa</collectorName>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="709E4AB2DC2EAB5C93ADFA8FFCD3FAFA" box="[168,886,1308,1335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="383B1939DC2EAB5C93ADFA8FFCD3FAFA" blockId="19.[120,1225,225,1335]" box="[168,886,1308,1335]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">REMARKS: Nesting biology of this species is described below.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |