treatments-xml/data/7D/E0/12/7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-203-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" ModsDocID="1314-2003-203-1" checkinTime="1659410005165" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika &amp; Kessler, Michael" docDate="2022" docId="7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 203: 1-274" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 203" docPubDate="2022-08-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" docTitle="Polylepis frontinensis T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" masterDocTitle="A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1659410005165" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-1795</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Institute for Nature, Earth and Energy (INTE), Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, Peru</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tatianaerika@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kessler, Michael</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4612-9937</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-08-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>203</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>274</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-203-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
9. 
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77301629-1" authority="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis frontinensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="frontinensis" status="sp. nov.">Polylepis frontinensis T.Boza &amp; M.Kessler</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Polylepis frontinensis T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler A flowers B flowering branch C upper leaflet surface D habit. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 2 cm (B); 1 cm (C). Photographs by M. J. Sanin." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721348" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 31</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Polylepis frontinensis T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler A flowering branch B stipular sheaths C upper leaf surface D lower leaf surface E fruits (A Alvarez 84 B-E Kessler 14777). Scale bars: 5 cm (A); 3 cm (C, D); 3 mm (E). Photographs by T. E. Boza E." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721349" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 32</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species differs from 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis quadrijuga" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="quadrijuga">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis quadrijuga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Bitter, G" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B28" refString="Bitter, G, 1911. Revision der Gattung Polylepis. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik 45: 564-656." title="Revision der Gattung Polylepis. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik 45: 564 - 656." year="1911">Bitter (1911)</bibRefCitation>
in having obovate leaflets with shorter villous hairs and a lower number of stamens and from 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. sericea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sericea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sericea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wedd. (1857) by obovate leaflets (versus elliptic leaflets), serrate leaflet margins (versus entire) and longer styles.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721348" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 31" startId="F31">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 31.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis frontinensis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
T.Boza &amp; M.Kessler 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
flowers 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
flowering branch 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
upper leaflet surface 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
habit. Scale bars: 5 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 2 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
); 1 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
). Photographs by M. J. Sanin.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2000-09-05" collectorName="J. A. Perez, N. Parra" country="Colombia" county="Paramo Frontino" elevation="3400" latitude="6.5" location="Antioqui" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="-76.11667" municipality="Urrao" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
. 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:66870BF4506D6FE1A0C013E403D1CEEA" country="Colombia" county="Paramo Frontino" latitude="6.5" longLatPrecision="1304" longitude="-76.11667" municipality="Urrao" name="Antioqui">Antioqui</location>
: 
<collectingMunicipality>Urrao</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Frontino
</collectingCounty>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.5">06°30'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-76.11667">76°07'W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2000-09-05">5 Sep 2000</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>J.A. Perez</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>N. Parra</collectorName>
1477
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: MEDEL!)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721349" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 32" startId="F32">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 32.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis frontinensis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
T.Boza &amp; M.Kessler 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
flowering branch 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
stipular sheaths 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
upper leaf surface 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
lower leaf surface 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
fruits (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alvarez 84</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-E</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kessler 14777</emphasis>
). Scale bars: 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
); 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
). Photographs by T. E. Boza E.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trees</emphasis>
4-8 m tall. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
only slightly congested at the ends of the branches, imparipinnate with 3-4(5) pairs or lateral leaflets, obtrullate in outline, (2.5-)3.3-5.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(1.8-)2.3-3.5 cm; rachises villous, point of leaflet attachment with a tuft of long, straight hairs, slightly resinous, stipular sheaths acute at the apex with spurs, densely sericeous on the outer surface; leaflets obovate in outline, second pair from the terminal leaflet the largest, one of this pair (1.1-)1.4-2.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.4-0.8 cm; margin serrate with 5-6 teeth, coriaceous, apically slightly emarginate, basally unequally cordate; upper leaf surfaces glabrous with few trichomes in the mid-vein depression; lower surfaces densely villous with hairs 1.4-1.8 mm. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
pendant, 6.3-10.6 cm long, bearing 7-15 flowers; floral bracts 4.5-5.4 mm long, narrowly triangular, sparsely villous on the outer surface; rachises sparsely villous. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
7.5-8.2 mm diam.; sepals 3-4, ovate, densely villous outside; stamens 9-11; styles fimbriate, 2.8-3.2 mm long. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
turbinate, with variable number of spines, densely villous; 3.3-3.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.7-5.6 cm including spines. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diploid</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution, habitat, and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis frontinensis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in north-western Colombia in the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Frontino, also called 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
del Sol (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Geographical distribution of the species of subsection Polylepis Sericeae Sericeae." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41</figureCitation>
). It grows at the upper limit of humid montane cloud forest at 2900-3680 m elevation. 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis frontinesis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="frontinesis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis frontinesis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forms 4.9% (132.74 ha) of the total area of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forest identify for Colombia (
<bibRefCitation author="Fadino, Y" journalOrPublisher="Conservacion Colombiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 69" refId="B88" refString="Fadino, Y, Caro, DA, 2009. Mapa general de identificacion de areas potenciales de bosques de Polylepis en los Andes Colombianos. Una Aproximacion a los bosques de Polylepis en Colombia. Conservacion Colombiana 10: 1 - 69" title="Mapa general de identificacion de areas potenciales de bosques de Polylepis en los Andes Colombianos. Una Aproximacion a los bosques de Polylepis en Colombia." volume="10" year="2009">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fadiño">Fadino</normalizedToken>
and Caro 2009
</bibRefCitation>
, as 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. quadrijuga" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="quadrijuga">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. quadrijuga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It occurs in small populations in a matrix of mixed forest dominated by species of the genera 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Escalloniaceae" genus="Escallonia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Escallonia" order="Escalloniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Escallonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Hesperomeles" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hesperomeles" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hesperomeles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Myrsine" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Myrsine</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cunoniaceae" genus="Weinmannia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Weinmannia" order="Oxalidales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Weinmannia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Rangel-Ch, O" editor="Rangel-Ch, O" journalOrPublisher="Cambio Global (Natural) y Climatico (Antropico) en el paramo colombiano. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Febrero)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 478" refId="B253" refString="Rangel-Ch, O, Arellano, H, 2010. Bosques de Polylepis: Un Tipo de Vegetacion condenado a la Extincion. In: Rangel-Ch, O, Ed., Colombia Diversidad Biotica X. Cambio Global (Natural) y Climatico (Antropico) en el paramo colombiano. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Febrero): 443 - 478" title="Bosques de Polylepis: Un Tipo de Vegetacion condenado a la Extincion." volumeTitle="Colombia Diversidad Biotica X." year="2010">Rangel-Ch and Arellano 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Some populations occur along streams, where they are mixed with 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gynoxys" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gynoxys baccharoides" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baccharoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gynoxys baccharoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Rangel-Ch, O" editor="Rangel-Ch, O" journalOrPublisher="Cambio Global (Natural) y Climatico (Antropico) en el paramo colombiano. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Febrero)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 478" refId="B253" refString="Rangel-Ch, O, Arellano, H, 2010. Bosques de Polylepis: Un Tipo de Vegetacion condenado a la Extincion. In: Rangel-Ch, O, Ed., Colombia Diversidad Biotica X. Cambio Global (Natural) y Climatico (Antropico) en el paramo colombiano. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Febrero): 443 - 478" title="Bosques de Polylepis: Un Tipo de Vegetacion condenado a la Extincion." volumeTitle="Colombia Diversidad Biotica X." year="2010">Rangel-Ch and Arellano 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species is named after the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Frontino to which its distribution appears to be restricted.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. Boza &amp; M. Kessler" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis frontinensis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to the upper humid montane cloud forest limit in the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Frontino. Its estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) are 24 km2. The area of distribution of the species is largely unprotected, except for the private Reserva 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Colibrí">Colibri</normalizedToken>
del Sol which only includes a few hundred individuals of this species (M. Kessler, pers. obs.). In addition, there is evidence of clearance of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forests elsewhere in the 
<normalizedToken originalValue="páramo">paramo</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Rangel-Ch, O" editor="Rangel-Ch, O" journalOrPublisher="Cambio Global (Natural) y Climatico (Antropico) en el paramo colombiano. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Febrero)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 478" refId="B253" refString="Rangel-Ch, O, Arellano, H, 2010. Bosques de Polylepis: Un Tipo de Vegetacion condenado a la Extincion. In: Rangel-Ch, O, Ed., Colombia Diversidad Biotica X. Cambio Global (Natural) y Climatico (Antropico) en el paramo colombiano. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Febrero): 443 - 478" title="Bosques de Polylepis: Un Tipo de Vegetacion condenado a la Extincion." volumeTitle="Colombia Diversidad Biotica X." year="2010">Rangel-Ch and Arellano 2010</bibRefCitation>
). We assess the species as Critically Endangered (B2ac, C2a).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The populations of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Frontino have previously been identified either as 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. quadrijuga" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="quadrijuga">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. quadrijuga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. sericea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sericea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sericea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., 
<bibRefCitation author="Rangel-Ch, O" editor="Rangel-Ch, O" journalOrPublisher="Cambio Global (Natural) y Climatico (Antropico) en el paramo colombiano. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Febrero)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 478" refId="B253" refString="Rangel-Ch, O, Arellano, H, 2010. Bosques de Polylepis: Un Tipo de Vegetacion condenado a la Extincion. In: Rangel-Ch, O, Ed., Colombia Diversidad Biotica X. Cambio Global (Natural) y Climatico (Antropico) en el paramo colombiano. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Facultad de Ciencias-Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Febrero): 443 - 478" title="Bosques de Polylepis: Un Tipo de Vegetacion condenado a la Extincion." volumeTitle="Colombia Diversidad Biotica X." year="2010">Rangel-Ch and Arellano 2010</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.585" author="Fajardo-Gutierrez, F" journalOrPublisher="Conservacion Colombiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B89" refString="Fajardo-Gutierrez, F, Infante-Betancour, J, Cabrera-Amaya, DM, 2018. Modelizacion de la distribucion potencial del genero Polylepis en Colombia y consideraciones para su conservacion. Ecologia Austral 28(1bis): 202-215. https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.585" title="Modelizacion de la distribucion potencial del genero Polylepis en Colombia y consideraciones para su conservacion. Ecologia Austral 28 (1 bis): 202 - 215." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.585" year="2018">Fajardo-Gutierrez et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). Indeed, 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. frontinensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. quadrijuga" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="quadrijuga">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. quadrijuga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having 3-4 lateral leaflet pairs and long inflorescences with numerous flowers. However, it has obovate leaflets with villous hairs 1.4-1.8 mm long, whereas 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. quadrijuga" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="quadrijuga">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. quadrijuga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has elliptic leaflets with tomentose hairs 0.7-0.9 mm long. Additionally, 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. frontinensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. lanuginosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lanuginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. sericea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sericea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sericea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with which it shares similar lower leaflet surface hair density and the number of stamens (13-15). The most obvious differences between 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. frontinensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and these species is leaflet shape, with 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. frontinensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having obovate leaflets, whereas the other two species have elliptic leaflets. Furthermore, 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. frontinensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has longer styles (2.8-3.2 mm) than 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. lanuginosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lanuginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. sericea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sericea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sericea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1.9-2.5 mm). In 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. lanuginosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lanuginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the hairs on the lower leaflet surfaces are yellowish and lanate, whereas in 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. frontinensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are whitish and villous. The three species can also be distinguished by the leaflet margins, with 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. frontinensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having serrate margins, 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. lanuginosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lanuginosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. lanuginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
crenate margins and 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. sericea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sericea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sericea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
entire margins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Considering the morphological intermediacy of 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. frontinensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="frontinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. frontinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. quadrijuga" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="quadrijuga">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. quadrijuga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. sericea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="sericea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sericea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we hypothesize that this species might be of hybridogenic origin between members of section 
<taxonomicName authority="Sericeae" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sericeae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sericeae subsp. subsection" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSection" species="sericea" subSection="Sericeae" subSpecies="subsection">Sericeae subsection Sericeae</taxonomicName>
and section 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="section" section="Reticulatae">Polylepis Reticulatae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1976-10-26" collectingDateMax="2015-02-04" collectingDateMin="1976-10-26" collectorName="Urrao, Vereda El Chuscal, Alto, La Laguna Campanas, de Frontino, Perez, Parra, la Esperanza, Paramo El Sol" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" elevation="3830" latitude="6.4866667" location="Paramo de Frontino" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antioquia">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Antioquia">Antioquia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectorName>Urrao</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>Vereda El Chuscal</collectorName>
, sector 
<collectorName>Alto</collectorName>
de las campanas, hacia 
<collectorName>La Laguna Campanas</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="6.4627776">06°27'46&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-76.126945">076°07'37&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8299999999999996" unit="m" value="3830.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8299999999999996" unit="m" value="3830.0">3830 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2013-06-20">20 June 2013</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alvarez 84</emphasis>
(HUA!, MO!); 
<collectingCounty>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
del Sol
</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Sector Alto del Burro</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="3600.0">3600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2011-04-17">17 April 2011</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alzate 4168</emphasis>
(HUA!); Chical, Reserva ProAves 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Colibrí">&quot;Colibri</normalizedToken>
del Sol&quot; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
frontino, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="22" value="6.4394445">06°26'22&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-76.09639">076°05'47&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2015-02-04">04 February 2015</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kessler 14772</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14773</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14774</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14775</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14776</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14777</emphasis>
(Z!); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:C8A48718C638F3F62B096D31708F407B" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Paramo de Frontino" stateProvince="Antioquia">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de Frontino
</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:089B6441065E5CC9B916DD42C7C7FB95" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Llano Grande" stateProvince="Antioquia">Llano Grande</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.46" unit="m" value="3460.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.46" unit="m" value="3460.0">3460 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1984-01-06">06 January 1984</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Londoño">Londono</normalizedToken>
51
</emphasis>
(HUA!,MEDEL); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:D3F92A83BF0F0C667D7A845127F7A205" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Paramo de Frontino" stateProvince="Antioquia">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>de Frontino</collectorName>
</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.5">06°30'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-76.11667">076°07'W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2000-09-05">05 September 2000</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Perez</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Parra</collectorName>
1477
</emphasis>
(MEDEL); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:83DCDB8DAA8A3728E9426224C86599BC" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Paramo de Frontino" stateProvince="Antioquia">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>de Frontino</collectorName>
</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" unit="m" value="3450.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" unit="m" value="3450.0">3450 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1994-09-22">22 September 1994</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Renteria 10555</emphasis>
(HUA!); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:D973C8FE9AF594D3BCC7DF1BA807F0A4" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Paramo de Frontino" stateProvince="Antioquia">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de Frontino
</location>
, Zona situada entre el 15 y 
<collectorName>la Esperanza</collectorName>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" metricValueMax="3.6799999999999997" metricValueMin="2.98" unit="m" value="3330.0" valueMax="3680.0" valueMin="2980.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3299999999999996" metricValueMax="3.6799999999999997" metricValueMin="2.98" unit="m" value="3330.0" valueMax="3680.0" valueMin="2980.0">2980-3680 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1985-05-18">18 May 1985</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Renteria 4038</emphasis>
(HUA!); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:2915381DA11563E836673D67529B2463" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Paramo de Frontino" stateProvince="Antioquia">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>de Frontino</collectorName>
</location>
, sitio Llano grande, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="6.4566665">06°27'24&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-76.12278">076°07'22&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38" unit="m" value="3380.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38" unit="m" value="3380.0">3380 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1986-09-10">10 September 1986</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Roldán">Roldan</normalizedToken>
315
</emphasis>
(COL!, MO!, HUA!); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
frontino. 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:C669EE4D9AA9942C1F1A179EB2BF07F1" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Camino de Puente Largo" stateProvince="Antioquia">Camino de Puente Largo</location>
al cerro 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:BCED56F08421A8DE6EA41C509221214E" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Cuchilla de Frontino" stateProvince="Antioquia">
Cuchilla 
<collectorName>de Frontino</collectorName>
</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.5">06°30'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-76.11667">076°07'W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.6" unit="m" value="3700.0" valueMax="3800.0" valueMin="3600.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.6" unit="m" value="3700.0" valueMax="3800.0" valueMin="3600.0">3600-3800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1995-07-19">19 July 1995</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
2244
</emphasis>
(COL!, MEDEL); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:95539FD9C09E09590A2966A474162407" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Paramo de Frontino. Camino" stateProvince="Antioquia">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
de Frontino. Camino
</location>
<locationDeviation firstLocation="Puente Largo" secondLocation="Llano Grande">entre Puente Largo y Llano Grande</locationDeviation>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="6.5">06°30'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-76.11667">076°07'W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.575" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.55" unit="m" value="3575.0" valueMax="3600.0" valueMin="3550.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.575" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.55" unit="m" value="3575.0" valueMax="3600.0" valueMin="3550.0">3550-3600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1995-07-20">20 July 1995</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
et al. 2289
</emphasis>
(MEDEL); 
<collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
El Sol
</collectorName>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:35848D8DBA7E152D01673C0F5A366F5D" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Vereda La Encarnacion" stateProvince="Antioquia">
Vereda La 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Encarnación">Encarnacion</normalizedToken>
</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="06" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="6.4866667">06°29'12&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="076" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-76.10916">076°06'33&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.518" unit="m" value="3518.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.518" unit="m" value="3518.0">3518 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2014-05-24">24 May 2014</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarrazola 699</emphasis>
(HUA!). 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páramo">Paramo</normalizedToken>
Frontino, near 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7DE012AE4EE21E1E414462F1330F48D4:CE53E4F2C5E066D5A7EC97A7BDCFB130" country="Colombia" county="Paramo del Sol" latitude="6.4866667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.10916" municipality="Sector Alto del Burro" name="Llano Grande" stateProvince="Antioquia">Llano Grande</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" unit="m" value="3450.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" unit="m" value="3450.0">3450 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1976-10-26">26 October 1976</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boeke 235</emphasis>
(MEDEL, MO!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>