244 lines
28 KiB
XML
244 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="EA718C23D801C64F71364233B0FAB1FF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3887.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f78f2e6-ed95-4639-b784-e027d0451853" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287460" ID-ZooBank="A305AADA-ED80-4894-B8C4-2091F2F35544" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460973699321" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marshall, S. A., Luk, S. P. L. & Dong, H." docDate="2014" docId="7D468E3E181AFFCF37DDFDBEFE5EFB25" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03887p036.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3887 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Howickia myersi Richards, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="817FF646180DFFD6374AFFF8FFE6FF85" masterDocTitle="A revision of the New Zealand species of Howickia Richards" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1698559501540" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="964438E3101F9738AD38FBB02D421132">
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<mods:title id="640F93B9FBE03FA485F008DF5A256E46">A revision of the New Zealand species of Howickia Richards</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="CB7B4BA54008B6F65709FF9E33931F74" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="AFADD1298BD5E87FA571291BAA335B6B">Marshall, S. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D31E6BB471E851FA25DEEFFBB9E80921">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F84E3B786367A41540D07CA0DA9196AA">Luk, S. P. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="089E01F867AFFC596FAE3DB3F26AD5F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="28C533F8928277DACB97EC2C382D0CBF">Dong, H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DFB2681BC1AA5097EC38F82DB0BE513B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="BC3DBF94739621EDD62F995A2C2B55AA">
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<mods:title id="889B91EBDD75A4F7FD4F534169117879">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="78CD939AA648F21A35B03E1311B6B676">
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<mods:date id="E4EF1C0D8BF9557A10987A5FB6DA39B2">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="65AABBDA2EA10AE312AEF79A0C442CD6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="15FB2725C1E862B6A00B6CEB86F8124D">3887</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="DEDB292889525D535E62D854E6C781B2" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="6877EBD57BA0B1851B7ED4BFA4DCD7B2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5CD19652BAC862EFA2FED30C7D7769A4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3887.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="89A98E5FAD9601AB6FC3CD5DA5E41AB0" type="GBIF-Dataset">9f78f2e6-ed95-4639-b784-e027d0451853</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2BD735249220E2ABCCF7DB38255BAFF6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E4F676AAC96A29EDF388BFEAF93446B0" type="Zenodo-Dep">287460</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7D468E3E181AFFCF37DDFDBEFE5EFB25" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6129798" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127670814" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6129798" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D468E3E181AFFCF37DDFDBEFE5EFB25" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D468E3E181AFFCF37DDFDBEFE5EFB25" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="BDF56CA3181AFFC137DDFDBEFE64FD07" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFC137DDFDBEFD9AFDE5" blockId="23.[151,636,582,642]" box="[151,636,582,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="AE188844181AFFC137DDFDBEFD9AFDE5" bold="true" box="[151,636,582,608]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A181AFFC137DDFDBEFD9AFDE5" bold="true" box="[151,636,582,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB181AFFC137DDFDBEFE08FDE5" ID-CoL="9HTQM" authority="Richards" authorityName="Richards" box="[151,494,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myersi" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A181AFFC137DDFDBEFE84FDE5" bold="true" box="[151,354,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Howickia myersi</emphasis>
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(Richards)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41181AFFC136BFFDBEFD9AFDE5" box="[501,636,582,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFC137DDFD91FE64FD07" blockId="23.[151,636,582,642]" box="[151,386,617,642]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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(
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<figureCitation id="6DD423AD181AFFC137D5FD91FEC0FD07" box="[159,294,617,642]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1775,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Howickia myersi group. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 15, habitus; 16, head. Howickia myersi (Richards): 17, live individual in situ; 18, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287463/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs. 17, 18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="6DD423AD181AFFC13678FD91FE9CFD07" box="[306,378,617,642]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 56" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[234,1425,248,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 56. Howickia myersi (Richards): 53, epandrium, posterior; 54, epandrium, left lateral; 55, male sternite 5; 56, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287470/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">53–56</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BDF56CA3181AFFC137DDFD4AFDD8FC81" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFC137DDFD4AFDF4FD63" blockId="23.[151,637,689,773]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D5FF1806181AFFC137DDFD4AFDF4FD63" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB181AFFC137DDFD4AFD9BFD42" ID-CoL="9HNJX" authority="Richards, 1973: 349" authorityName="Richards" authorityPageNumber="349" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,637,689,711]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Leptocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myersi" subGenus="Biroina">
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A181AFFC137DDFD4AFE4DFD42" box="[151,427,690,711]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptocera (Biroina) myersi</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="744E1939181AFFC136FBFD49FD9BFD42" author="Richards" box="[433,637,689,711]" page="349" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1973">
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<bibRefCitation id="917E42D9181AFFC136FBFD49FDABFD42" author="Richards" box="[433,589,689,711]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Richards, O. W. (1973) The Sphaeroceridae (= Borboridae or Cypselidae; Diptera Cyclorrhapha) of the Australian Region. Australian Journal of Zoology, 22, 297 - 401. [supplementary series] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 022" type="journal article" year="1973">Richards, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 349
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB181AFFC137DDFD29FDF4FD63" ID-CoL="929WK" authority="Marshall, 1989: 602" authorityName="Marshall" authorityPageNumber="602" authorityYear="1989" box="[151,530,720,742]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Biroina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meyersi">
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A181AFFC137DDFD29FED9FD63" box="[151,319,721,742]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Biroina meyersi,</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="744E1939181AFFC1360FFD28FDF4FD63" author="Marshall" box="[325,530,720,742]" page="602" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1989">
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<bibRefCitation id="917E42D9181AFFC1360FFD28FE07FD63" author="Marshall" box="[325,481,720,742]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Marshall, S. A. (1989) 96. Family Sphaeroceridae. In: Evenhuis, N. L. (Ed.), Catalog of Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Bishop Museum Press and E. J. Brill, Honolulu, pp. 601 - 607. [1155 pp]" type="book chapter" year="1989">
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<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8181AFFC1360FFD28FE44FD63" box="[325,418,720,742]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Marshall</collectingCountry>
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, 1989
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 602
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFC137DDFD08FDD8FC81" blockId="23.[151,637,689,773]" box="[151,574,750,773]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D5FF1806181AFFC137DDFD08FDD8FC81" box="[151,574,750,773]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB181AFFC137DDFD08FDD8FC81" authority="Rohacek et al., 2001: 125" authorityName="Rohacek et al." authorityPageNumber="125" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,574,750,773]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Biroina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myersi">
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A181AFFC137DDFD08FED5FC80" box="[151,307,752,773]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Biroina myersi,</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="744E1939181AFFC13670FD16FDD8FC81" author="Rohacek" box="[314,574,750,773]" page="125" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="2001">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="917E42D9181AFFC13670FD16FDE9FC81" author="Rohacek" box="[314,527,750,773]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Rohacek, J., Marshall, S. A., Norrbom, A. L., Buck, M., Quiros, D. I. & Smith, I. (2001) World catalog of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Slezske zemske Museum, Opava, 414 pp." type="book" year="2001">
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Roháček
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A181AFFC136D3FD08FE2AFC81" box="[409,460,750,773]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 125
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BDF56CA3181AFFCF37DDFCC9FD01FE98" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFC137DDFCC9FAF7FC7B" blockId="23.[151,1437,817,2030]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A181AFFC137DDFCC9FECFFCCF" bold="true" box="[151,297,817,842]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Description.</emphasis>
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Colour: Brown to black, head reddish brown to reddish yellow; knees paler; antenna, palpus and tarsi white; halter brown to black on a yellow stem; anepimeron darker. Interfrontal area with a broad, silvery microtrichose triangle tapering from ocelli to anterior margin of frons, apex of triangle flanked by bare V-shaped area. Interfrontal bristles inserted on inner margin of silvery microtrichose interfrontal strips; orbital bristles on silvery microtrichose orbital strips; orbital strips usually much darker than interfrontal strips (indistinctly so on very pale or very dark specimens); orbital and interfrontal strips separated by a very narrow bare strip.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFC1378DFBF1FAC6FB53" blockId="23.[151,1437,817,2030]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head: Interfrontal bristles in 3 strong equal pairs. Two orbital bristles, lower smaller, upper slightly shorter than outer vertical bristle and much shorter than inner vertical and ocellar bristles. Orbital and interfrontal setulae well developed. Ocelli well developed. Eye distinctly notched at level of antennae, eye relatively small, 1.5–1.8X genal height. Gena mostly microtrichose, with a small anterodorsal shining area. Vibrissa and anterior genal bristle strong. Face tuberculate between antennae, concave at middle. Pedicel with several long bristles along distal margin and with 2 large inclinate dorsal bristles. Arista with long hairs, hairs as long as first aristomere.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFC1378DFB19FC14FA57" blockId="23.[151,1437,817,2030]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Thorax: Scutum with single postpronotal, notopleural, supraalar, postalar and prescutellar dorsocentral bristles; postalar, dorsocentral and apical scutellar bristles subequal. Acrostichal setulae strong but prescutellar acrostichals not enlarged. Scutellum microtrichose, 3.0X as wide as long; apical scutellar bristles twice as long as basal pair. Anterior dorsal katepisternal bristle minute, posterior dorsal bristle small, reaching half way to wing base. Mid tibia with strong, subequal paired proximal and distal dorsal bristles and an additional small anterior bristle above large distal dorsal bristle; ventrally with only a long apical bristle.
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<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8181AFFC13401FA6DFC65FA2B" box="[843,899,1429,1454]" name="India" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Hind</collectingCountry>
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tarsus with first 2 tarsomeres strongly swollen, together longer than distal 3 tarsomeres. Wing absent, halter well developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFC1378DFA25FD36F99F" blockId="23.[151,1437,817,2030]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Abdomen: Capsule-like, syntergite 1+2 entirely separate from and slightly longer than tergite 3; all tergites and sternites dark, microtrichose and sparsely setulose.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFC1378DF9DDFF36F823" blockId="23.[151,1437,817,2030]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Male abdomen: Sternite 5 subequal in length to sternite 4 laterally but deeply excised posteromedially with a pale concavity leaving the sclerotized part of sternite 5 less than half as long as sternite 4 at middle. Subanal plate broad and complete, each half subquadrate, not strongly differentiated from lower/outer part of cercus. Surstylus U-shaped, broad anteroventral lobe with only small bristles, narrow posteroventral lobe terminating in a very large apical spur; spur of left surstylus conspicuously longer and narrower than spur of right surstylus. Hypandrium broadly but asymmetrically fused with anteroventral corners of epandrium, fused area of right side shorter and twice as wide as fused area on left. Ventral lobe of hypandrium prominent. Posterodorsal apodeme of hypandrium strongly developed, reaching anterior surface of distiphallus near base. Distiphallus narrow, tubular. Postgonite uniformly broad, slightly bent anteriorly beyond middle, apex rounded with a beak-like anterior process. Basiphallus frame-like, projecting beyond distiphallus base for a distance equal to one third of width of distiphallus base.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5503F28181AFFCF378DF849FD01FE98" blockId="23.[151,1437,817,2030]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1437,151,1184]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Female terminalia: Tergite 8 divided into 3 sclerites, dorsal sclerite greatly reduced, bare and pale medially; lateral sclerites large, pale and shining except along posterior quarter. Epiproct small, medially pale, with 2 small setae. Hypoproct divided into anterior and posterior parts: posterior part bare and shining laterally, pale medially, setulose along posterior margin; anterior part entirely bare and shining. Sternite 8 small, but distinct and darkly pigmented, posterior portion transverse, broad, microtrichose and setose; anterior portion narrow and bare. Spermathecae broadly oval, with transverse grooves.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="A1906FA01815FFCE37DDF8AEFE1BF80E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287470/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" targetBox="[234,1425,248,1788]" targetPageId="24">
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<paragraph id="F5503F281815FFCE37DDF8AEFE1BF80E" blockId="24.[151,1436,1878,1931]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A1815FFCE37DDF8AEFEB3F8E9" bold="true" box="[151,341,1878,1901]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">FIGURES 53–56.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB1815FFCE3616F8AEFD99F8E9" authority="(Richards)" authorityName="Richards" baseAuthorityName="Richards" box="[348,639,1878,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myersi">
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A1815FFCE3616F8AEFDEFF8E8" box="[348,521,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Howickia myersi</emphasis>
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(Richards)
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</taxonomicName>
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: 53, epandrium, posterior; 54, epandrium, left lateral; 55, male sternite 5; 56, aedeagus and associated structures.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="BDF56CA31814FFCF378DFEDFFC18FD75" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="F5503F281814FFCF378DFEDFFAFFFE55" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A1814FFCF378DFEDFFE93FEC5" bold="true" box="[199,373,295,320]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<typeStatus id="2A54818A1814FFCF378DFEDFFEE4FEC5" box="[199,258,295,320]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="2A54818A1814FFCF3636FEDFFE0FFEC5" box="[380,489,295,320]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: The unique
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<typeStatus id="2A54818A1814FFCF3531FEDFFD3BFEC5" box="[635,733,295,320]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<collectionCode id="93FEA7ED1814FFCF35A6FED0FCA3FEC5" box="[748,837,296,320]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">BMNH</collectionCode>
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; examined and illustrated by the first author in 1989) is a female from Day's Bridge ("in leaf mould,
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<date id="815119E81814FFCF35F5FEB4FCACFEE1" box="[703,842,332,356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1922-06-12">12.Jun.1922</date>
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, J.G. Myers"). Although there is no further locality information on the label, and no current locality is called "Day's Bridge", there is a "Days Bay" in Wellington, North Island. According to Dr. Trevor Crosby (pers. comm.), John Golding Myers was based in Wellington in 1922 and it is therefore "without question that the locality is Days Bay -- at the bridge [
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<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81814FFCF336DFE40FB25FE55" box="[1063,1219,439,464]" name="New Zealand" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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||
, WN]".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F5503F281814FFCF378DFE24FC18FD75" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1814FFCF378DFE24FDE6FE70" bold="true" box="[199,512,476,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Other material examined</emphasis>
|
||
(Approximately
|
||
<specimenCount id="E3E9F4A11814FFCF3586FE24FC9AFE70" box="[716,892,476,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="generic">100 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="93FEA7ED1814FFCF34C6FE25FC3DFE71" box="[908,987,477,500]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/yhs7-n61d" name="Ontario Insect Collection, University of Guelph" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">DEBU</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="93FEA7ED1814FFCF34A6FE24FBD8FE71" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" box="[1004,1086,476,500]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
): North Island: Mt. Ruepehu, Ohakune,
|
||
<quantity id="321792CD1814FFCF3641FDF8FEB3FD92" box="[267,341,512,536]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
|
||
, Rimu Track,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF36BCFDF8FD66FD9D" box="[502,640,512,536]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1999-01-18">18.Jan.1999</date>
|
||
, S.A.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81814FFCF358CFE07FCCBFD9D" box="[710,813,511,536]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
; Egmont National Park, Stratford Plateau,
|
||
<quantity id="321792CD1814FFCF3245FDF8FA81FD92" box="[1295,1383,512,536]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
, pan trap,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF3798FDDCFE9EFDB9" box="[210,376,548,572]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1999-01-08" valueMax="1999-01-12" valueMin="1999-01-08">8–12.Jan.1999</date>
|
||
, S.A.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81814FFCF368AFDDCFDC1FDB8" box="[448,551,548,573]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
; Mt. Taranaki, Wilkies Pools,
|
||
<quantity id="321792CD1814FFCF34C9FDDCFC3AFDB9" box="[899,988,548,572]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="3000.0">3000 m</quantity>
|
||
, moss,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF3379FDDCFB5EFDB8" box="[1075,1208,548,573]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1965-07-16">16.Jul.1965</date>
|
||
, J.I. Townsend; Mt. Pirongia,
|
||
<quantity id="321792CD1814FFCF3642FDB0FEB0FDDA" box="[264,342,584,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
, TK2 to Wharauroa,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF351FFDBFFD2BFDE5" box="[597,717,583,608]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1977-07-09">9.Jul.1977</date>
|
||
, B.M. May. South Island and nearby small islands: Stephens Island,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF37A3FD94FE7AFD01" box="[233,412,620,644]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1933-01-14" valueMax="1933-01-28" valueMin="1933-01-14">14–28.Jan.1933</date>
|
||
, E.S. Gourlay; Stephen's
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81814FFCF35FCFD94FD1BFD00" box="[694,765,620,645]" name="Iceland" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ex. litter,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF343BFD94FC3BFD00" box="[881,989,620,645]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1971-02">Feb.1971</date>
|
||
, G.W. Ramsay; Westland National Park, Franz Josef,
|
||
<quantity id="321792CD1814FFCF3661FD77FE49FD22" box="[299,431,655,680]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="175.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="100.0">100–250 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF36F4FD77FD90FD2D" box="[446,630,655,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1999-02-14" valueMax="1999-02-19" valueMin="1999-02-14">14–19.Feb.1999</date>
|
||
, S.A.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81814FFCF358AFD77FCC1FD2D" box="[704,807,655,680]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
; Takaka, Pupu Springs,
|
||
<quantity id="321792CD1814FFCF330BFD77FB99FD22" box="[1089,1151,655,680]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF33C4FD77FAE8FD2D" box="[1166,1294,655,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1999-02-06">6.Feb.1999</date>
|
||
, dung traps, S.A.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81814FFCF3792FD4CFED9FD48" box="[216,319,692,717]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
; Reefton,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF3688FD4CFDB7FD49" box="[450,593,692,716]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1977-04-12">12.Apr.1977</date>
|
||
, J.A. Wightman; Abel Tasman National Park,
|
||
<quantity id="321792CD1814FFCF33DEFD4CFB02FD48" box="[1172,1252,692,717]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
NW Motueka,
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF37DDFD20FECBFD75" box="[151,301,728,752]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1982-05-19">19.May.1982</date>
|
||
, S. Peck; Nelson, Canaan, ex. litter
|
||
<date id="815119E81814FFCF35F5FD2FFCABFD75" box="[703,845,727,752]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1964-09-17">17.Sep.1964</date>
|
||
, L.P. Marchant.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BDF56CA31814FFCF378DFD04FE5EFB25" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F5503F281814FFCF378DFD04FAEDFB8A" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1814FFCF378DFD04FEA9FC90" bold="true" box="[199,335,764,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="2A54818A1814FFCF36C0FD05FE5CFC90" box="[394,442,765,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen was examined and sketched during a visit to BMNH in 1989, providing some details of head pigmentation and chaetotaxy absent from the original description but mostly supporting the interpretation of the species followed here. Richards’ description differs from all known
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81814FFCF333DFCBDFAEBFCD8" box="[1143,1293,836,861]" name="New Zealand" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB1814FFCF325EFCBCFA66FCD9" box="[1300,1408,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1814FFCF325EFCBCFA66FCD9" box="[1300,1408,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Howickia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in one important detail. He clearly states that the mid tibia has "no proximal bristles but a pair of preapical dorsals", while all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB1814FFCF364EFC74FE89FC21" box="[260,367,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1814FFCF364EFC74FE89FC21" box="[260,367,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Howickia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species known to us have a strong pair of proximal dorsal bristles. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="2A54818A1814FFCF33F2FC75FB0EFC20" box="[1208,1256,909,933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
|
||
has a proximal anterodorsal bristle and an apparent socket where a posterodorsal bristle has probably been broken off. The most significant difference between the
|
||
<typeStatus id="2A54818A1814FFCF3555FC2DFDA9FC68" box="[543,591,981,1005]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and the specimens described above is the anterior orbital bristle, which is equal in size to the posterior orbital in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="2A54818A1814FFCF353AFC00FD46FB95" box="[624,672,1016,1040]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
|
||
but smaller in the specimens here treated as
|
||
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1814FFCF33DCFC01FAEDFB8A" box="[1174,1291,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB1814FFCF33DCFC01FAE0FB8A" box="[1174,1286,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myersi">H. myersi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F5503F281814FFCF378DFBE4FE5EFB25" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
This species has the widest distribution and the widest range of colour forms of any
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81814FFCF33C0FBE5FAC7FBB0" box="[1162,1313,1052,1077]" name="New Zealand" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB1814FFCF3260FBE4FA73FBB1" box="[1322,1429,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1814FFCF3260FBE4FA73FBB1" box="[1322,1429,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Howickia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and is the only species known from both the North Island and South Island. The genitalia are distinctive (asymmetrical surstyli, uniquely shaped postgonites) and consistent across the entire range, as are the diagnostic details of head pruinosity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |