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<document id="FACBDAF1F9CB6783F1F40A17F8B54004" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3887.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f78f2e6-ed95-4639-b784-e027d0451853" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287460" ID-ZooBank="A305AADA-ED80-4894-B8C4-2091F2F35544" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460973699321" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marshall, S. A., Luk, S. P. L. &amp; Dong, H." docDate="2014" docId="7D468E3E180FFFD237DDF91CFA7AFED8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03887p036.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3887 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sphaeroceridae" docType="key" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="817FF646180DFFD6374AFFF8FFE6FF85" masterDocTitle="A revision of the New Zealand species of Howickia Richards" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698559501540" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="9E6785E831E460C49EE8421C44C786F8">A revision of the New Zealand species of Howickia Richards</mods:title>
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<treatment id="7D468E3E180FFFD237DDF91CFA7AFED8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6129770" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127670806" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6129770" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D468E3E180FFFD237DDF91CFA7AFED8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D468E3E180FFFD237DDF91CFA7AFED8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph id="F5503F28180FFFD437DDF91CFAA2F97B" blockId="2.[151,1348,1764,1790]" box="[151,1348,1764,1790]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="AE188844180FFFD437DDF91CFAA2F97B" bold="true" box="[151,1348,1764,1790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180FFFD437DDF91CFAA2F97B" bold="true" box="[151,1348,1764,1790]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Key to the apterous or micropterous
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180FFFD4352EF91CFCC1F97B" ID-CoL="GGB" ID-ENA="114620" box="[612,807,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphaeroceridae</taxonomicName>
of
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180FFFD43407F91CFC15F97B" box="[845,1011,1764,1790]" name="New Zealand" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
(all in the genus
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180FFFD4338DF91CFADDF97B" box="[1223,1339,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180FFFD4338DF91CFADDF97B" bold="true" box="[1223,1339,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Howickia</emphasis>
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)
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180FFFD437DDF8D2FA7AF8FF" blockId="2.[151,1436,1834,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
1 Front of head with three distinct, complete, narrow, parallel-sided silver-white pruinose strips (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180FFFD43326F8D2FB2EF8BA" box="[1132,1224,1834,1855]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1, 3</figureCitation>
): one in the middle of the interfrontal area and one on each side of the interfrontal area. Dark part of frons forming parallel bands, not an M-shape (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180FFFD437A2F89DFEBAF8FF" box="[232,348,1893,1914]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1, 3, 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180FFFD4362CF89DFE2FF8FF" box="[358,457,1893,1914]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">10, 12, 14</figureCitation>
). Halter often absent, face often at least partly bare and shining (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180FFFD4337EF89DFB9DF8FF" box="[1076,1147,1893,1914]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). (
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180FFFD433DEF89DFAEAF8FF" box="[1172,1292,1892,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Apterina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trilineata">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180FFFD433DEF89DFAEAF8FF" box="[1172,1292,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">H. trilineata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group)... 2
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180FFFD437DDF87AFA7DF86A" blockId="2.[151,1436,1834,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
- Front of head with interfrontal bristles on converging dull darker strips, middle of interfrontal area forming a triangular, indistinctly silvery area similar to the dorsally incomplete, indistinctly silvery orbital strips (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180FFFD43360F858FB79F830" box="[1066,1183,1952,1973]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1775,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 18. Howickia myersi group. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 15, habitus; 16, head. Howickia myersi (Richards): 17, live individual in situ; 18, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287463/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 16, 17</figureCitation>
). Dark part of frons forming an M-shape (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180FFFD436DDF845FDFFF857" box="[407,537,1981,2002]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1775,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 18. Howickia myersi group. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 15, habitus; 16, head. Howickia myersi (Richards): 17, live individual in situ; 18, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287463/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 16, 17</figureCitation>
). Halter always present, face always entirely microtrichose. (
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180FFFD433D1F845FB19F857" box="[1179,1279,1981,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myersi">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180FFFD433D1F845FB19F857" box="[1179,1279,1981,2002]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">H. myersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, species identification requires male specimens)................................................................... 11
</paragraph>
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2 Tergites 13 fused into a large syntergite covering most of the abdomen (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD534D4FF6FFC1CFF29" box="[926,1018,151,172]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 5, 8</figureCitation>
). Wing rudiment forming a flat, brown flap with a loop of venation (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53680FF4DFDDAFF4F" box="[458,572,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 5, 6, 8</figureCitation>
). Postgonite strongly bent anteriorly, with an almost right-angled bend at middle (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53200FF4DFA69FF4F" box="[1354,1423,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 39" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[234,1275,307,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 34 39. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 34, epandrium, posterior; 35, male left surstylus; 36, male sternite 5; 37, aedeagus and associated structures; 38, female spermathecae. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 39, male left surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287467/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
).................................................................................................... 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFF17FA7DFEBA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFF17FA7DFEBA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Syntergite 1+2 separate from tergite 3 (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53511FF17FD78FE81" box="[603,670,239,260]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD535E0FF17FCE6FE81" box="[682,768,239,260]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">9, 11, 13</figureCitation>
). Wing variable, often entirely absent, if present then usually without venation (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5360BFEF5FE62FEA7" box="[321,388,269,290]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD536DBFEF5FE01FEA7" box="[401,487,269,290]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">9, 11, 13</figureCitation>
). Postgonite gently curved or straight, without a right-angled bend at middle (Figs, 22, 28, 43, 52, 65)................................................................................................. 5
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<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFEBFFA7AFE1D" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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3 Scutum and scutellum similarly dull, densely microtrichose. Orbital bristle very large, similar in size to outer vertical bristle. Face mostly microtrichose, dull. Surstylus without elongate posteroventral lobe or stout ventral bristles (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5339AFE9DFAFEFEFF" box="[1232,1304,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 45" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionText="FIGURES 40 45. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 40, epandrium, posterior; 41, left surstylus; 42, male sternites 4 and 5; 43, aedeagus and associated structures. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 44, left surstylus. Howickia nudistylus Marshall, sp. n.: 45, left surstylus." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
). Halter present........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD53325FE7AFAAFFE12" ID-CoL="9HNH9" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1135,1353,385,407]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nudistylus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53325FE7AFB08FE12" box="[1135,1262,385,407]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. nudistylus</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEFE7AFAAFFE12" box="[1268,1353,386,407]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53205FE7AFA7AFE1D" box="[1359,1436,386,408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205FE7AFA7AFE1D" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,386,408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFE67FA7DFE57" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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- Scutellum shining, bare (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53699FE67FDD7FE31" box="[467,561,415,436]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 5, 8</figureCitation>
). Orbital bristles variable (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5347CFE67FC72FE31" box="[822,916,415,436]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 5, 7</figureCitation>
). Face all or mostly shining (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD533FBFE67FB0AFE31" box="[1201,1260,415,436]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Surstylus with a stout bristle at apex of posterior lobe (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53507FE45FD24FE57" box="[589,706,445,466]" captionStart="FIGURES 34 39" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[234,1275,307,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 34 39. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 34, epandrium, posterior; 35, male left surstylus; 36, male sternite 5; 37, aedeagus and associated structures; 38, female spermathecae. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 39, male left surstylus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287467/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 35, 39</figureCitation>
). Halter absent (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53415FE45FC37FE57" box="[863,977,445,466]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 5, 6, 8</figureCitation>
)................................... 4
</keyLead>
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</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDFE22FA7AFD07" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFE22FA7AFDAF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFE22FA7AFDAF" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
4 Upper orbital and outer vertical bristles well developed (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD535B6FE22FCD0FE6A" box="[764,822,474,495]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Portion of wing flap distal to loop of venation subequal to portion enclosed by vein (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD536F0FE0FFE12FD89" box="[442,500,503,524]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Scutum entirely microtrichose, dull, contrasting with the bare scutellum (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5338EFE0FFB1BFD89" box="[1220,1277,503,524]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
).........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD53330FDEDFAAFFDAF" ID-CoL="9HNHC" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1146,1353,533,554]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omamari" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53330FDEDFB08FDAF" box="[1146,1262,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. omamari</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEFDEDFAAFFDAF" box="[1268,1353,533,554]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205FDECFA7AFDAF" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,532,554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFDCAFA7AFD07" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFDCAFA7AFD07" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Upper orbital and outer vertical bristles minute or absent (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53453FDCAFCB0FDC2" box="[793,854,562,583]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Portion of wing beyond loop of venation less than half as large as portion enclosed by vein (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53567FDB7FD8EFDE1" box="[557,616,591,612]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Scutum and scutellum shining, without microtrichia except for narrow anterior and posterior fringes (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD536C6FD95FE23FD07" box="[396,453,621,642]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
)......................................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD53329FD95FAAFFD07" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1123,1353,620,642]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mercurialis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53329FD95FB0BFD07" box="[1123,1261,620,642]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. mercurialis</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEFD95FAAFFD07" box="[1268,1353,621,642]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205FD94FA7AFD07" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,620,642]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDFD72FA7DFCB7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFD72FA7DFD5F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFD72FA7DFD5F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
5 Halter and wing rudiments absent (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5357AFD72FD94FD1A" box="[560,626,650,671]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53537FD72FD71FD1A" box="[637,663,650,671]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">13</figureCitation>
). Scutum orange to reddish brown, often contrasting with darker abdomen (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53221FD72FF0BFD39" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD537B3FD5FFEF5FD39" box="[249,275,679,700]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">13</figureCitation>
). Upper orbital bristle strong, as long as outer vertical bristle (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53421FD5FFC4BFD39" box="[875,941,679,700]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD534F3FD5FFC35FD39" box="[953,979,679,700]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">14</figureCitation>
). Basal scutellar bristle very long, as long as or longer than apical bristle (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53696FD3DFDF8FD5F" box="[476,542,709,730]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53560FD3DFDA3FD5F" box="[554,581,709,730]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">13</figureCitation>
)..................................................................... 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFD1AFA7DFCB7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFD1AFA7DFCB7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Halter present or absent, if absent then wing present as a distinct, veinless flap (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53490FD1AFBA7FD72" box="[986,1089,738,759]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 9, 11</figureCitation>
). Scutum as dark as abdomen (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53226FD1AFEF4FC91" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 9, 11</figureCitation>
). Upper orbital bristle minute or absent, at most half as long as outer vertical (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD534B5FD07FB92FC91" box="[1023,1140,767,788]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 10, 12</figureCitation>
). Basal scutellar bristle shorter than apical scutellar bristle (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD536A5FCE5FDB3FCB7" box="[495,597,797,818]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 9, 11</figureCitation>
).................................................................... 8
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<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDFCC2FA7DFC41" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFCC2FA70FC0F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFCC2FA70FC0F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
6 Thorax and abdomen similarly reddish brown. Surstylus trilobed, with an elongate posterior lobe ending in a terminal spur, a triangular ventral lobe, and a spatulate anterior lobe (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD535A8FCAFFCBEFCE9" box="[738,856,855,876]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 52" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[173,1415,274,1771]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 49 52. Howickia regalis Marshall, sp. n.: 49, epandrium, posterior; 50, epandrium, left lateral; 51, male sternite 5; 52, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287469/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 49, 50</figureCitation>
). Sternite 5 of male with prominent pale posteromedial area armed with a cluster of very short, broad bristles (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD535F5FC8DFCE3FC0F" box="[703,773,885,906]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 52" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[173,1415,274,1771]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 49 52. Howickia regalis Marshall, sp. n.: 49, epandrium, posterior; 50, epandrium, left lateral; 51, male sternite 5; 52, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287469/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
)...............................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD533C2FC8DFAA4FC0F" ID-CoL="9HNHF" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1160,1346,884,906]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD533C2FC8DFB01FC0F" box="[1160,1255,884,906]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. regalis</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533A7FC8DFAA4FC0F" box="[1261,1346,885,906]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53203FC8CFA70FC0F" bold="true" box="[1353,1430,884,906]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFC6AFA7DFC41" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFC6AFA7DFC41" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">- Thorax reddish brown, abdomen much darker. Surstylus bilobed. Sternite 5 of male with posteromedial bristles similar in length to other bristles on sternite....................................................................... 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDFC35FA7AFBF0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFC35FA7AFB98" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFC35FA7AFB98" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
7 Scutum reddish but lower pleuron, including katepisternum, dark brown (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD534E4FC35FC10FC67" box="[942,1014,973,994]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD53343FC35FBDFFC67" box="[1033,1081,973,994]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibia dorsally dark on distal quarter. Male postabdomen dark, similar to preabdomen. Male sternite 4 with enlarged posteromedial bristles near middle.....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD5332CFBF0FAAFFB99" ID-CoL="9HNH8" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1126,1353,1031,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriventer" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD5332CFBF0FB08FB98" box="[1126,1262,1032,1053]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. nigriventer</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEFBFFFAAFFB99" box="[1268,1353,1031,1052]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205FBFFFA7AFB98" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,1031,1053]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53205FBFFFA7AFB98" box="[1359,1436,1031,1053]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFBDDFA7AFBF0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFBDDFA7AFBF0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Thorax orange except for dark katatergite; katatergite sharply contrasting in colour with balance of thorax (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD533A6FBDDFAC3FBBF" box="[1260,1317,1061,1082]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD53270FBDDFA8CFBBF" box="[1338,1386,1061,1082]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibia entirely yellow-orange (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53682FBBAFDE6FBD2" box="[456,512,1090,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Male postabdomen orange, contrasting with dark abdominal segments 15 (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD533A7FBBAFAC3FBD2" box="[1261,1317,1090,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[198,1378,401,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1384,401,1929]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 8. Howickia trilineata group, plate 1. Howickia bicolor Marshall, sp. n.: 1, habitus. Howickia oliveri Marshall, sp. n.: 2, habitus; 3, head; 4, right wing. Howickia mercurialis Marshall, sp. n.: 5, habitus; 6, left wing. Howickia omamari Marshall, sp. n.: 7, head; 8, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287461/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Male sternite 4 without enlarged bristles.....................................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD533C0FB98FAAFFBF1" ID-CoL="9HNH2" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1162,1353,1119,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD533C0FB98FB0BFBF0" box="[1162,1261,1119,1141]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. bicolor</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEFBA7FAAFFBF1" box="[1268,1353,1119,1140]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53205FBA7FA7AFBF0" box="[1359,1436,1119,1141]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205FBA7FA7AFBF0" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,1119,1141]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDFB85FA7DFB6F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFB85FA7AFB35" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFB85FA7AFB35" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
8 Halter absent (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53624FB85FE53FB17" box="[366,437,1149,1170]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Wing rudiment present as a dark, broadly oval, veinless flap several times larger than a normal halter knob (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53654FB62FE82FB2A" box="[286,356,1178,1199]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Ocelli reduced, sometimes apparently absent (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5347AFB62FC90FB2A" box="[816,886,1178,1199]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD5332CFB62FAAFFB2A" ID-CoL="9HNH7" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1126,1353,1177,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrilegula" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD5332CFB62FB08FB2A" box="[1126,1262,1177,1199]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. nigrilegula</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEFB62FAAFFB2A" box="[1268,1353,1178,1199]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53205FB62FA7AFB35" box="[1359,1436,1178,1200]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205FB62FA7AFB35" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,1178,1200]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFB4FFA7DFB6F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFB4FFA7DFB6F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Halter present (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5363EFB4FFE49FB49" box="[372,431,1207,1228]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Wing rudiment small or absent, if present then no larger than a normal halter knob and usually stub-like (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD537A2FB2DFEC5FB6F" box="[232,291,1237,1258]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). At least posterior ocelli distinct (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53525FB2DFD52FB6F" box="[623,692,1237,1258]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
)........................................................... 9
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDFB0AFA7DFADA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFB0AFA7AFAA1" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFB0AFA7AFAA1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
9 Face entirely shining and bare (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5355FFB0AFDB8FA82" box="[533,606,1266,1287]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Apex of halter knob truncate, whitish microtrichose (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5333DFB0AFB55FA82" box="[1143,1203,1266,1287]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Orbital bristles absent (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD537A2FAF7FEC8FAA1" box="[232,302,1295,1316]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1673,1696]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Howickia trilineata group, plate 2. Howickia trilineata (Hutton): 9, habitus; 10, head. Howickia nigrilegula Marshall, sp. n.: 11, habitus; 12, head. Howickia nigriventer Marshall, sp. n.: 13, habitus; 14, head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287462/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
)............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD53386FAE8FA7AFAA1" ID-CoL="8B35W" authority="Hutton" authorityName="Hutton" box="[1228,1436,1295,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Apterina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trilineata">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53386FAE8FAA5FAA0" box="[1228,1347,1295,1317]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. trilineata</emphasis>
(Hutton)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFAD5FA7DFADA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFAD5FA7DFADA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">- Lower margin of face silvery pruinose. Apex of halter knob rounded, dark-microtrichose. Orbital bristles present or absent..................................................................................................... 10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDFA9FFA7AFA50" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFA9FFA7AFA1F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFA9FFA7AFA1F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
10 Upper orbital bristle absent. Scutellum shining, sparsely setulose. Wing present as a minute, flat, veinless flap. Male sternite 5 with a small posteromedial comb row (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5351DFA7DFD7BFA1F" box="[599,669,1413,1434]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 24" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1138,1161]" captionTargetBox="[198,1385,237,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,165,1117]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 23 24. Howickia exasperata Marshall, sp. n.: 23, epandrium, left lateral; 24, male sternite 5." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287465/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
).....................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD5332DFA7DFAAFFA1F" ID-CoL="9HNH4" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1127,1353,1413,1434]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exasperata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD5332DFA7DFB0BFA1F" box="[1127,1261,1413,1434]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. exasperata</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEFA7DFAAFFA1F" box="[1268,1353,1413,1434]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53205FA7CFA7AFA1F" box="[1359,1436,1412,1434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205FA7CFA7AFA1F" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,1412,1434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFA5AFA7AFA50" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFA5AFA7AFA50" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Upper orbital bristle present. Scutellum densely and evenly microtrichose, dull. Wing a minute stub. Sternite 5 without a posteromedial comb (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD536DAFA47FE33FA51" box="[400,469,1471,1492]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 28" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionText="FIGURES 25 28. Howickia harrisoni Marshall, sp. n.: 25, epandrium, posterior; 26, epandrium, left lateral; 27, male sternite 5; 28, aedeagus and associated structures." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
).......................................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD5333DFA38FAAFFA51" ID-CoL="9HNH5" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1143,1353,1471,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harrisoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD5333DFA38FB08FA50" box="[1143,1262,1471,1493]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. harrisoni</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEFA47FAAFFA51" box="[1268,1353,1471,1492]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53205FA47FA7AFA50" box="[1359,1436,1471,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205FA47FA7AFA50" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,1471,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDFA25FA7DF98A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFA25FA7AFA77" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1501,1522]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFA25FA7AFA77" box="[151,1436,1501,1522]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
11 Sternite 5 of male without a posteromedial comb, but sometimes flanked by clusters of short setae (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD533D3FA25FB0FFA77" box="[1177,1257,1501,1522]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 56" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[234,1425,248,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 53 56. Howickia myersi (Richards): 53, epandrium, posterior; 54, epandrium, left lateral; 55, male sternite 5; 56, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287470/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 55</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD533B9FA25FAEAFA77" box="[1267,1292,1501,1522]" captionStart="FIGURES 62 65" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1877,1900]" captionTargetBox="[162,1412,272,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,195,1856]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 62 65. Howickia palmai Marshall, sp. n.: 62, epandrium, posterior; 63, epandrium, left lateral; 64, male sternite 5; 65, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287472/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">64</figureCitation>
)........ 12
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDFA02FA7DF98A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1435,1530,1551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDFA02FA7DF98A" box="[151,1435,1530,1551]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Male sternite 5 with a posteromedial comb (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD535C2FA02FD3EF98A" box="[648,728,1530,1551]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 61" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[202,1341,328,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 57 61. Howickia cordata Marshall, sp. n.: 57, epandrium, posterior; 58, epandrium, left lateral; 59, male sternite 5; 60, aedeagus and associated structures; 61, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287471/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 59</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD535A8FA02FD1AF98A" box="[738,764,1530,1551]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 69" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionText="FIGURES 66 69. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 66, epandrium, posterior; 67, epandrium, left lateral; 68, male sternite 5; 69, aedeagus and associated structures." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">68</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5344CFA02FCC6F98A" box="[774,800,1530,1551]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 74" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1876,1899]" captionTargetBox="[199,1352,274,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 70 74. Howickia wahaika Marshall, sp. n.: 70, epandrium, posterior; 71, epandrium, left lateral; 72, male sternite 5; 73, aedeagus and associated structures; 74, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">72</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53460FA02FCA5F98A" box="[810,835,1530,1551]" captionStart="FIGURES 75 78" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionText="FIGURES 75 78. Howickia zonula Marshall, sp. n.: 75, epandrium, posterior; 76, epandrium, left lateral; 77, male sternite 5; 78, aedeagus and associated structures." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">77</figureCitation>
)............................................... 13
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDF9EFFA7AF89D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDF9EFFA7BF927" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDF9EFFA7BF927" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<specimenCount id="E3E9F4A1180EFFD537DDF9EFFEF4F9A9" box="[151,274,1559,1580]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">12 Male</specimenCount>
sternite 5 concave posteromedially, deeper than medial length of sternite; with scattered setae but without a comb or thickened bristles (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD536D2F9CDFE07F9CF" box="[408,481,1589,1610]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 56" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[234,1425,248,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 53 56. Howickia myersi (Richards): 53, epandrium, posterior; 54, epandrium, left lateral; 55, male sternite 5; 56, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287470/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
). Surstyli asymmetrical; right surstylus shorter than left, with a conspicuously blunter and broader terminal spur on posterior lobe (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5355CF9AAFD6AF9E2" box="[534,652,1618,1639]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 56" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[234,1425,248,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 53 56. Howickia myersi (Richards): 53, epandrium, posterior; 54, epandrium, left lateral; 55, male sternite 5; 56, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287470/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 53, 54</figureCitation>
). Both surstyli deeply U-shaped, with anterior and posterior lobes (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5325BF9AAFABFF9E2" box="[1297,1369,1618,1639]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 56" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[234,1425,248,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 53 56. Howickia myersi (Richards): 53, epandrium, posterior; 54, epandrium, left lateral; 55, male sternite 5; 56, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287470/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
). Postgonite with beak-like preapical lobe on anterior surface (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53447F997FCB0F901" box="[781,854,1647,1668]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 56" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[234,1425,248,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1857]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 53 56. Howickia myersi (Richards): 53, epandrium, posterior; 54, epandrium, left lateral; 55, male sternite 5; 56, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287470/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
). Basal scutellar bristle shorter than apical scutellar bristles (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD537A2F975FEC9F927" box="[232,303,1677,1698]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1775,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 18. Howickia myersi group. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 15, habitus; 16, head. Howickia myersi (Richards): 17, live individual in situ; 18, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287463/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
). Eye less than 2.0X genal height (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53537F975FD5BF927" box="[637,701,1677,1698]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1775,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,339,1746]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 15 18. Howickia myersi group. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 15, habitus; 16, head. Howickia myersi (Richards): 17, live individual in situ; 18, habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287463/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig.18</figureCitation>
).................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD5332EF975FACAF927" ID-CoL="9HTQM" authority="Richards" authorityName="Richards" box="[1124,1324,1677,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myersi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD5332EF975FB27F927" box="[1124,1217,1677,1698]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. myersi</emphasis>
(Richards)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53278F975FA7BF927" box="[1330,1437,1677,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDF952FA7AF89D" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDF952FA7AF89D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Male sternite 5 with posteromedial concavity shallower than medial length of sternite; posteromedial setae enlarged (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53202F952FA68F93A" box="[1352,1422,1706,1727]" captionStart="FIGURES 62 65" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1877,1900]" captionTargetBox="[162,1412,272,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,195,1856]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 62 65. Howickia palmai Marshall, sp. n.: 62, epandrium, posterior; 63, epandrium, left lateral; 64, male sternite 5; 65, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287472/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
). Surstyli symmetrical, with main body subquadrate, without prominent anterior lobe, posterior lobe smaller than large terminal spur (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5365DF91DFE6AF97F" box="[279,396,1765,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 62 65" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1877,1900]" captionTargetBox="[162,1412,272,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,195,1856]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 62 65. Howickia palmai Marshall, sp. n.: 62, epandrium, posterior; 63, epandrium, left lateral; 64, male sternite 5; 65, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287472/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 62, 63</figureCitation>
). Postgonite without beak-like preapical lobe on anterior surface (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5334EF91DFBADF97F" box="[1028,1099,1765,1786]" captionStart="FIGURES 62 65" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1877,1900]" captionTargetBox="[162,1412,272,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,195,1856]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 62 65. Howickia palmai Marshall, sp. n.: 62, epandrium, posterior; 63, epandrium, left lateral; 64, male sternite 5; 65, aedeagus and associated structures." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287472/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
). Basal and apical scutellar bristles equal. Eye more than 2.0X genal height.............................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD533C4F8FAFAAFF892" ID-CoL="9HNHD" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1166,1353,1793,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palmai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD533C4F8FAFB08F892" box="[1166,1262,1793,1815]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. palmai</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEF8FAFAAFF892" box="[1268,1353,1794,1815]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53205F8FAFA7AF89D" box="[1359,1436,1794,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205F8FAFA7AF89D" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,1794,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD537DDF8E7FA7DF82F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDF8E7FA7AF8F5" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDF8E7FA7AF8F5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
13 Posteromedial comb of male sternite 5 double, with a prominent, straight row of about 15 short, broad bristles followed by a row of about 30 much smaller bristles (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53512F8C5FD46F8D7" box="[600,672,1853,1874]" captionStart="FIGURES 75 78" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionText="FIGURES 75 78. Howickia zonula Marshall, sp. n.: 75, epandrium, posterior; 76, epandrium, left lateral; 77, male sternite 5; 78, aedeagus and associated structures." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
). Surstylus simple, broadly concave ventrally with posterior spur strongly inclinate (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5365CF8A2FE6FF8EA" box="[278,393,1882,1903]" captionStart="FIGURES 75 78" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1878,1901]" captionText="FIGURES 75 78. Howickia zonula Marshall, sp. n.: 75, epandrium, posterior; 76, epandrium, left lateral; 77, male sternite 5; 78, aedeagus and associated structures." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 75, 76</figureCitation>
)...............................................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD533DBF8A2FAAFF8EA" ID-CoL="9HNHJ" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1169,1353,1881,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zonula" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD533DBF8A2FB08F8EA" box="[1169,1262,1881,1903]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. zonula</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEF8A2FAAFF8EA" box="[1268,1353,1882,1903]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53205F8A2FA7AF8F5" box="[1359,1436,1882,1904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205F8A2FA7AF8F5" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,1882,1904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDF88FFA7DF82F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDF88FFA7DF82F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
- Posteromedial comb of male sternite 5 single (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD535EFF88FFD10F809" box="[677,758,1911,1932]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 61" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[202,1341,328,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 57 61. Howickia cordata Marshall, sp. n.: 57, epandrium, posterior; 58, epandrium, left lateral; 59, male sternite 5; 60, aedeagus and associated structures; 61, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287471/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 59</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5344BF88FFCFDF809" box="[769,795,1911,1932]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 69" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionText="FIGURES 66 69. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 66, epandrium, posterior; 67, epandrium, left lateral; 68, male sternite 5; 69, aedeagus and associated structures." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">68</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD5346CF88FFCA4F809" box="[806,834,1911,1932]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 74" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1876,1899]" captionTargetBox="[199,1352,274,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 70 74. Howickia wahaika Marshall, sp. n.: 70, epandrium, posterior; 71, epandrium, left lateral; 72, male sternite 5; 73, aedeagus and associated structures; 74, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">72</figureCitation>
). Surstylus differently shaped, either subquadrate or with spur directed ventrally................................................................................... 14
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D180EFFD237DDF84AFA7AFF4F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="F5503F28180EFFD537DDF84AFA7AF860" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D180EFFD537DDF84AFA7AF860" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
14 Posteromedial comb of male sternite 5 straight with teeth fused over most of their length, area immediately anterior to comb with two groups of 8 short stout bristles (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD180EFFD53521F837FD55F861" box="[619,691,1999,2020]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 74" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1876,1899]" captionTargetBox="[199,1352,274,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 70 74. Howickia wahaika Marshall, sp. n.: 70, epandrium, posterior; 71, epandrium, left lateral; 72, male sternite 5; 73, aedeagus and associated structures; 74, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287473/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
). Scutellum 2.0X as wide as long...........
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB180EFFD53335F828FAAFF861" ID-CoL="9HNHH" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1151,1353,1999,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wahaika" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53335F828FB08F860" box="[1151,1262,1999,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">H. wahaika</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB8180EFFD533BEF837FAAFF861" box="[1268,1353,1999,2020]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E41180EFFD53205F837FA7AF860" box="[1359,1436,1999,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A180EFFD53205F837FA7AF860" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,1999,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F281809FFD237DDFF6FFA7AFF4F" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D1809FFD237DDFF6FFA7AFF4F" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
- Area immediately anterior to posteromedial comb without stout bristles, if comb straight then teeth separated by at least half of their length (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD1809FFD23616FF4DFE4AFF4F" box="[348,428,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 61" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[202,1341,328,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 57 61. Howickia cordata Marshall, sp. n.: 57, epandrium, posterior; 58, epandrium, left lateral; 59, male sternite 5; 60, aedeagus and associated structures; 61, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287471/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 59</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD1809FFD236FCFF4DFE37FF4F" box="[438,465,181,202]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 69" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionText="FIGURES 66 69. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 66, epandrium, posterior; 67, epandrium, left lateral; 68, male sternite 5; 69, aedeagus and associated structures." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">68</figureCitation>
). Scutellum 3.0X as wide as long................................................... 15
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="4E1B278D1809FFD237DDFF2AFA7AFED8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="F5503F281809FFD237DDFF2AFA7AFEA7" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D1809FFD237DDFF2AFA7AFEA7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<specimenCount id="E3E9F4A11809FFD237DDFF2AFEF4FF62" box="[151,274,210,231]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">15 Male</specimenCount>
sternite 5 with straight posteromedial comb and a cluster of short stout bristles midway between comb and anterior margin (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD1809FFD23647FF17FEB3FE81" box="[269,341,239,260]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 69" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionText="FIGURES 66 69. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 66, epandrium, posterior; 67, epandrium, left lateral; 68, male sternite 5; 69, aedeagus and associated structures." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
). Surstylus with anterior and posterior ventral lobes each with long spurs, posterior part of surstylus with multiple stout bristles (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD1809FFD23622FEF5FE3DFEA7" box="[360,475,269,290]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 69" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionText="FIGURES 66 69. Howickia tangata Marshall, sp. n.: 66, epandrium, posterior; 67, epandrium, left lateral; 68, male sternite 5; 69, aedeagus and associated structures." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 66, 67</figureCitation>
)........................................................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB1809FFD233CCFEF5FAAFFEA7" ID-CoL="9HNHG" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1158,1353,269,290]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tangata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1809FFD233CCFEF5FB0BFEA7" box="[1158,1261,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. tangata</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81809FFD233BEFEF5FAAFFEA7" box="[1268,1353,269,290]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E411809FFD23205FEF4FA7AFEA7" box="[1359,1436,268,290]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1809FFD23205FEF4FA7AFEA7" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,268,290]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5503F281809FFD237DDFED2FA7AFED8" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="4E1E9C1D1809FFD237DDFED2FA7AFED8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
- Posteromedial comb triangular or heart-shaped, middle part of sternite 5 without additional bristles (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD1809FFD233EDFED2FB09FEBA" box="[1191,1263,298,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 61" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[202,1341,328,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 57 61. Howickia cordata Marshall, sp. n.: 57, epandrium, posterior; 58, epandrium, left lateral; 59, male sternite 5; 60, aedeagus and associated structures; 61, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287471/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
). Surstylus with a single long posteroventral lobe bearing two long spurs (
<figureCitation id="6DD423AD1809FFD235BDFEBFFC8CFED9" box="[759,874,327,348]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 61" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[202,1341,328,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 57 61. Howickia cordata Marshall, sp. n.: 57, epandrium, posterior; 58, epandrium, left lateral; 59, male sternite 5; 60, aedeagus and associated structures; 61, spermathecae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287471/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 57, 58</figureCitation>
).......................
<taxonomicName id="32EF44AB1809FFD233CDFEB0FAAFFED9" ID-CoL="9HNH3" authority="Marshall" authorityName="Marshall" box="[1159,1353,327,349]" class="Insecta" family="Sphaeroceridae" genus="Howickia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cordata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1809FFD233CDFEB0FB08FED8" box="[1159,1262,327,349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">H. cordata</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8DF87FB81809FFD233BEFEBFFAAFFED9" box="[1268,1353,327,348]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Marshall</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DCA85E411809FFD23205FEBFFA7AFED8" box="[1359,1436,327,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C79BE33A1809FFD23205FEBFFA7AFED8" bold="true" box="[1359,1436,327,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>