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<document id="64AFB2F1835B07EE231765CF29E00A6A" ID-CLB-Dataset="28086" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4504.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c4c5a6db-ede2-4797-a9bb-fd7f7df6fed3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2606266" ID-ZooBank="DA9CF61F-0398-4E71-8CE5-3A77FEB00CB0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553581558909" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Enushchenko, Ilya V." docDate="2018" docId="4411879EFFF2B030FF76F9032557FF11" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4504.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4504 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gyrophaena marjakata Enushchenko 2018, sp.n." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="219" masterDocId="B828FFE6FFF7B03BFFE1FFA42073FFC4" masterDocTitle="Five new species of the tribe Gyrophaenina Kraatz 1830 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from the southern part of the United States" masterLastPageNumber="224" masterPageNumber="209" pageNumber="214" updateTime="1698712732609" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="82BE3DE687415B08A2D45CE39DDA7EAE">Five new species of the tribe Gyrophaenina Kraatz 1830 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from the southern part of the United States</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A2C7EAB21A0D8BE46916032ABA310ED4">Enushchenko, Ilya V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9014FA8CF91B4A5E3BECA24C0EA388EA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1329B6A3C6E16790B482E4817EF5B159">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D551F4826E170BB6C70287584A1CCB22">2018-10-24</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4411879EFFF2B030FF76F9032557FF11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5987765" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154494953" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5987765" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4411879EFFF2B030FF76F9032557FF11" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4411879EFFF2B030FF76F9032557FF11" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="219" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<subSubSection id="84A26503FFF2B03EFF76F9032376F906" box="[151,773,1703,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFF2B03EFF76F9032376F906" blockId="5.[151,773,1703,1763]" box="[151,773,1703,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<heading id="974F81E4FFF2B03EFF76F9032376F906" bold="true" box="[151,773,1703,1730]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" reason="1">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF2B03EFF76F9032376F906" bold="true" box="[151,773,1703,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFF2B03EFF76F90322CEF906" ID-CoL="3J23Z" authority="Enushchenko" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,701,1703,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjakata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF2B03EFF76F903215EF905" bold="true" box="[151,301,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Gyrophaena</emphasis>
(s. str.)
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF2B03EFE6EF9032279F905" bold="true" box="[399,522,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">marjakata</emphasis>
Enushchenko
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFF2B03EFD2BF90C2376F906" box="[714,773,1704,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A26503FFF2B03EFF76F96E215FF927" box="[151,300,1738,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="description">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFF2B03EFF76F96E215FF927" blockId="5.[151,773,1703,1763]" box="[151,300,1738,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
(
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFF2B03EFF7EF96E2157F927" box="[159,292,1738,1763]" captionStart="FIGURES 1116" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[201,1428,234,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[155,1432,193,1925]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1116. Gyrophaena marjakata sp.n.: 11—habitus, 12—aedeagus, lateral view, 13—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 14—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view, 15—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 16—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (11), 0.1 mm (1216)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946797/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Figs. 1116</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A26503FFF2B03CFF76F8B6256FF894" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="216" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFF2B03EFF76F8B6213CF87F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1810,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF2B03EFF76F8B621C4F8EF" bold="true" box="[151,439,1810,1835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Type material examined</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFF2B03EFE24F8B62241F8EF" box="[453,562,1810,1835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFF2B03EFDDDF8B72216F8EE" box="[572,613,1811,1835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[Specimen was re-glued by me on a white rectangular card; a plastic card with a preparation of the aedeagus and abdominal segments VIIIIX in Canada balsam was pinned under the card with specimen:
<collectingCountry id="B4AF7618FFF2B03EFEA8F8FE21F2F8B7" box="[329,385,1882,1907]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF2B03EFEA8F8FE21F2F8B7" bold="true" box="[329,385,1882,1907]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">USA</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: Ariz[ona].: Graham Co[unty] | Pinaleno Mtns. | Wet Canyon |
<date id="B8061048FFF2B03EFBB2F8FE24A3F8B7" box="[1107,1232,1882,1907]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" value="1976-09-05">5-IX-1976</date>
, sift litter | along stream | D.S. Chandler,
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFF2B03EFE50F8DB2239F853" box="[433,586,1919,1943]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFF2B03EFDBCF8DA229BF852" authorityName="Mannerheim" authorityYear="1830" box="[605,744,1918,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF2B03EFDBCF8DA229BF852" box="[605,744,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Gyrophaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFF2B03EFD1AF8DA231DF852" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[763,878,1918,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjakata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF2B03EFD1AF8DA231DF852" box="[763,878,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">marjakata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFF2B03EFC94F8DB23D9F852" box="[885,938,1919,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
| Enushchenko I.V. | 2018 des. &lt;red printed label&gt; (FMNH).
</paragraph>
<caption id="98C76600FFF1B03DFF76F83E2305F829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946797/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" startId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" targetBox="[201,1428,234,1919]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFF1B03DFF76F83E2305F829" blockId="6.[151,1436,1946,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF1B03DFF76F83E213DF86B" bold="true" box="[151,334,1946,1969]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">FIGURES 1116</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFF1B03DFEBDF83E2239F874" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[348,586,1946,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF1B03DFEBDF83E2239F874" box="[348,586,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">Gyrophaena marjakata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFF1B03DFDB2F83F22F6F874" box="[595,645,1947,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" rank="species">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF1B03DFDB2F83F22F6F874" bold="true" box="[595,645,1947,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">sp.n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
: 11—habitus, 12—aedeagus, lateral view, 13—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 14—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view, 15—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 16—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (11), 0.1 mm (1216).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="98C76600FFF0B03CFF76F922240BF97B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946799/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" startId="7.[151,264,1670,1693]" targetBox="[306,1282,198,1630]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFF0B03CFF76F922240BF97B" blockId="7.[151,1436,1670,1727]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF0B03CFF76F922213EF958" bold="true" box="[151,333,1670,1693]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">FIGURES 1720</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFF0B03CFEB8F92222E9F958" authority="Seevers" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1951" box="[345,666,1670,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blatchleyi">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF0B03CFEB8F9222232F958" box="[345,577,1670,1692]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">Gyrophaena blatchleyi</emphasis>
Seevers
</taxonomicName>
: 17—habitus, 18—aedeagus, lateral view, 19—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 20—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (17), 0.1 mm (1820).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFF0B03CFF26F954256FF894" blockId="7.[151,1437,1775,2017]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFF0B03CFF26F954214AF8CC" box="[199,313,1776,1800]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFF0B03CFEA2F94B211CF8C3" box="[323,367,1775,1800]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFF0B03CFE9AF95421C0F8C3" box="[379,435,1776,1800]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="female">12 ♀</specimenCount>
[All
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFF0B03CFE0FF954222AF8CC" box="[494,601,1776,1800]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are glued across narrow-triangular cards]: Ariz[ona].: Graham Co[unty] | Pinaleno Mtns. | Wet Canyon |
<date id="B8061048FFF0B03CFE15F8B02202F8E9" box="[500,625,1812,1837]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" value="1976-09-05">5-IX-1976</date>
, sift litter | along stream | D.S. Chandler,
<materialsCitation id="7CD03CD5FFF0B03CFBBEF8B02564F894" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137858" collectionCode="FMNH" collectorName="Enushchenko I. V." pageId="7" pageNumber="216" specimenCount="17" specimenCount-female="12" specimenCount-male="5" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFF0B03CFBBEF8B02483F8E8" box="[1119,1264,1812,1836]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFF0B03CFAE5F8B025FCF8E8" authorityName="Mannerheim" authorityYear="1830" box="[1284,1423,1812,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF0B03CFAE5F8B025FCF8E8" box="[1284,1423,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">Gyrophaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFF0B03CFF76F89C2179F894" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,266,1848,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjakata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF0B03CFF76F89C2179F894" box="[151,266,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">marjakata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFF0B03CFEF0F89C2135F88B" box="[273,326,1848,1871]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
<collectorName id="614D535EFFF0B03CFEB8F893226CF88B" box="[345,543,1847,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">Enushchenko I.V.</collectorName>
| 2018 des. &lt;red printed label&gt; (
<collectionCode id="AAA9AE4DFFF0B03CFC75F89C2398F894" box="[916,1003,1848,1872]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
:
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFF0B03CFC17F89C2452F88B" box="[1014,1057,1848,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFF0B03CFBCFF89C2416F88B" box="[1070,1125,1848,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="female">10 ♀</specimenCount>
, cIE:
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFF0B03CFB48F89C24A6F88B" box="[1193,1237,1848,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFF0B03CFB00F89C2579F894" box="[1249,1290,1848,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A26503FFF0B033FF26F8F824CEFC28" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" type="description">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFF0B033FF26F8F8230FFEA0" blockId="7.[151,1437,1775,2017]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,1112]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFF0B03CFF26F8F82122F8B1" bold="true" box="[199,337,1884,1909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">Description</emphasis>
. Body length
<quantity id="0B409B6DFFF0B03CFE10F8F822EBF8B0" box="[497,664,1884,1908]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="216" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.7">1.702.20 mm</quantity>
; head brownish-black; pronotum, elytra and abdomen brown to dark brown; antennomeres IIV yellow; antennomeres IVXI yellowish red. Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFF0B03CFBBAF8DB24DFF85C" box="[1115,1196,1919,1944]" captionStart="FIGURES 1116" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[201,1428,234,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[155,1432,193,1925]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1116. Gyrophaena marjakata sp.n.: 11—habitus, 12—aedeagus, lateral view, 13—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 14—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view, 15—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 16—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (11), 0.1 mm (1216)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946797/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="216">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
. Body with reticulate microsculpture, more distinct on head and elytra. Head 1.4 times wider than long; with small, shallow, indistinct punctures in middle. Eyes slightly more than twice as long as wide. Antennal segment III slender and long, 1.3 times as long as IV, antennomeres IVX incrassate; IVV elongate, VIX subquadrate to feebly transverse; segment X conical, 1.5 times longer than wide. Pronotum 1.8 times as wide as long, 1.3 times as wide as head; with weak, reticulate microsculpture and sparse distinct punctures in median area; basal portion of pronotum impunctate. Elytra 1.31.6 times wider than long and 1.6 times as wide as pronotum, with distinct reticulate microsculpture; each elytron with indistinct, sparse, small punctation and well-defined tubercles on external posterior angles. Microsculpture of abdomen as that on pronotum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF26FECB2542FDDC" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
Male. Middle part of abdominal tergite VII with small medial tubercle; apical margin of abdominal tergite VIII with two strong, slightly incurved, rather obtuse lateral processes, and short, wide median tooth (
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFFB033FAD5FE3025FEFE68" box="[1332,1421,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 1116" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[201,1428,234,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[155,1432,193,1925]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1116. Gyrophaena marjakata sp.n.: 11—habitus, 12—aedeagus, lateral view, 13—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 14—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view, 15—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 16—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (11), 0.1 mm (1216)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946797/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
); abdominal tergite IX as in
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFFB033FE2FFE13226FFE14" box="[462,540,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 1116" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[201,1428,234,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[155,1432,193,1925]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1116. Gyrophaena marjakata sp.n.: 11—habitus, 12—aedeagus, lateral view, 13—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 14—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view, 15—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 16—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (11), 0.1 mm (1216)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946797/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Fig 14</figureCitation>
. Ventral plate of aedeagus wide and complex, with elongate bifurcate inferior part, curved acute superior part and strongly protruded latero-dorsal process, with very deep rounded notch between inferior and superior parts; dorsal projection of internal sac narrowly elongate, twisted (
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFFB033FB31FE5B2557FDDC" box="[1232,1316,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 1116" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[201,1428,234,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[155,1432,193,1925]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1116. Gyrophaena marjakata sp.n.: 11—habitus, 12—aedeagus, lateral view, 13—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 14—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view, 15—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 16—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (11), 0.1 mm (1216)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946797/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF26FD802277FDA4" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
Female. Tergite VIII strongly transverse, trapezoid, with a small tip at the top (
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFFB033FBB9FD8024DDFDF9" box="[1112,1198,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 1116" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[201,1428,234,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[155,1432,193,1925]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1116. Gyrophaena marjakata sp.n.: 11—habitus, 12—aedeagus, lateral view, 13—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 14—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view, 15—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 16—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (11), 0.1 mm (1216)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946797/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
); sternite VIII rather acute rounded apically (
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFFB033FE45FDE32184FDA4" box="[420,503,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 1116" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[201,1428,234,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[155,1432,193,1925]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1116. Gyrophaena marjakata sp.n.: 11—habitus, 12—aedeagus, lateral view, 13—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 14—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view, 15—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 16—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (11), 0.1 mm (1216)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946797/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF26FDC8255EFCD0" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF26FDC821DAFD41" bold="true" box="[199,425,620,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Comparative notes</emphasis>
. Based on the shape of antennomeres, arrangements of pronotal and elytral punctures and microsculpture,
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FEB3FD342196FD6C" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[338,485,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjakata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FEB3FD342196FD6C" box="[338,485,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. marjakata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFFFB033FE15FD2B225FFD6C" box="[500,556,655,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" rank="species">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FE15FD2B225FFD6C" bold="true" box="[500,556,655,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">sp.n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FD0AFD34230FFD63" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1906" box="[747,892,656,679]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coniciventris">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FD0AFD34230FFD63" box="[747,892,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">coniciventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group consisting of six Nearctic (
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FAF7FD342140FD09" authority="Seevers 1951" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arizonae">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FAF7FD3425EFFD63" box="[1302,1436,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. arizonae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFFB033FF76FD102140FD09" author="Seevers, C. H." box="[151,307,692,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 762" refId="ref8129" refString="Seevers, C. H. (1951) A revision of the North American and European staphylinid beetles of the subtribe Gyrophaenina (Aleocharinae, Bolitocharini). Fieldiana Zoology, 32 (10), 1 - 762." type="journal article" year="1951">Seevers 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FEA3FD10222CFD09" authority="Seevers 1951" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1951" box="[322,607,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barberi">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FEA3FD1021C6FD08" box="[322,437,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. barberi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFFB033FE25FD10222CFD09" author="Seevers, C. H." box="[452,607,692,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 762" refId="ref8129" refString="Seevers, C. H. (1951) A revision of the North American and European staphylinid beetles of the subtribe Gyrophaenina (Aleocharinae, Bolitocharini). Fieldiana Zoology, 32 (10), 1 - 762." type="journal article" year="1951">Seevers 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FD8EFD1023E9FD09" authority="Severs 1951" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1951" box="[623,922,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blatchleyi">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FD8EFD10228CFD08" box="[623,767,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. blatchleyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFFB033FCEAFD1023E9FD09" author="Seevers, C. H." box="[779,922,692,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 762" refId="ref8129" refString="Seevers, C. H. (1951) A revision of the North American and European staphylinid beetles of the subtribe Gyrophaenina (Aleocharinae, Bolitocharini). Fieldiana Zoology, 32 (10), 1 - 762." type="journal article" year="1951">Severs 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FC4BFD102482FD09" authority="Casey 1906" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1906" box="[938,1265,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coniciventris">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FC4BFD10242EFD08" box="[938,1117,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. coniciventris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFFB033FB86FD102482FD09" author="Casey, T. L." box="[1127,1265,692,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" pagination="125 - 434" refId="ref6908" refString="Casey, T. L. (1906) Observations on the staphylinid groups Aleocharinae and Xantholinini chiefly of America. Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, 16, 125 - 434." type="journal article" year="1906">Casey 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FAE1FD102142FD34" authority="Seevers 1951" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huachucae">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FAE1FD1025EFFD08" box="[1280,1436,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. huachucae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFFB033FF76FD7C2142FD34" author="Seevers, C. H." box="[151,305,727,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 762" refId="ref8129" refString="Seevers, C. H. (1951) A revision of the North American and European staphylinid beetles of the subtribe Gyrophaenina (Aleocharinae, Bolitocharini). Fieldiana Zoology, 32 (10), 1 - 762." type="journal article" year="1951">Seevers 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FEDFFD7C221AFD34" authority="Seevers 1951" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1951" box="[318,617,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulata">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FEDFFD7C21B4FD34" box="[318,455,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. spatulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFFB033FE31FD7C221AFD34" author="Seevers, C. H." box="[464,617,727,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 762" refId="ref8129" refString="Seevers, C. H. (1951) A revision of the North American and European staphylinid beetles of the subtribe Gyrophaenina (Aleocharinae, Bolitocharini). Fieldiana Zoology, 32 (10), 1 - 762." type="journal article" year="1951">Seevers 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) and two Euro-asiatic species: the widespread
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FB65FD7C25EFFD34" authority="Erichson 1839" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1839" box="[1156,1436,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FB65FD7C2498FD34" box="[1156,1259,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. manca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFFB033FB16FD7325EFFD34" author="Erichson, W. F." box="[1271,1436,727,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 400" refId="ref7130" refString="Erichson, W. F. (1839) Erster Band. In: Genera et species Staphylinorum insectorum coleopterorum familiae. F. H. Morin, Berlin, pp. 1 - 400." type="book chapter" year="1839">Erichson 1839</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FF27FD582243FCD0" authority="Enushchenko 2011" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2011" box="[198,560,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aedugena">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF27FD582121FCD0" box="[198,338,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. aedugena</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFFB033FEB8FD582243FCD0" author="Enushchenko, I. &amp; Shavrin, A." box="[345,560,764,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" pagination="1199 - 1217" refId="ref7083" refString="Enushchenko, I. &amp; Shavrin, A. (2011) Contribution to the knowledge of Gyrophaena Mannerheim 1830 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Gyrophaenina) of the Baikal region. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 43 (2), 1199 - 1217." type="journal article" year="2011">Enushchenko 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, described from the Baikal Region (
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFFB033FC25FD582551FCD0" author="Enushchenko, I. &amp; Shavrin, A." box="[964,1314,764,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" pagination="1199 - 1217" refId="ref7083" refString="Enushchenko, I. &amp; Shavrin, A. (2011) Contribution to the knowledge of Gyrophaena Mannerheim 1830 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Gyrophaenina) of the Baikal region. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 43 (2), 1199 - 1217." type="journal article" year="2011">Enushchenko &amp; Shavrin, 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF26FC8424CEFC28" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
In the punctation, microsculpture of the body, shapes and structure of the aedeagus and male abdominal tergite IX,
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FF22FCE02126FC98" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[195,341,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marjakata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF22FCE020A7FC9F" box="[195,212,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF03FCE02126FC98" box="[226,341,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">marjakata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFFFB033FEBDFCE021E7FC99" box="[348,404,836,861]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" rank="species">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FEBDFCE021E7FC99" bold="true" box="[348,404,836,861]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">sp.n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is more similar to
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FD88FCE02285FC98" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1951" box="[617,758,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blatchleyi">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FD88FCE02285FC98" box="[617,758,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. blatchleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFFB033FCE7FCE023E3FC98" box="[774,912,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 1720" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1670,1693]" captionTargetBox="[306,1282,198,1630]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[274,1313,193,1649]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1720. Gyrophaena blatchleyi Seevers: 17—habitus, 18—aedeagus, lateral view, 19—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 20—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (17), 0.1 mm (1820)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946799/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Figs. 1720</figureCitation>
), distributed in
<collectingRegion id="0E7CF86AFFFFB033FBA1FCE024D8FC99" box="[1088,1195,836,861]" country="United States of America" name="Michigan" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Michigan</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="0E7CF86AFFFFB033FB02FCE02549FC99" box="[1251,1338,836,861]" country="United States of America" name="Indiana" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Indiana</collectingRegion>
, and can be distinguished from the latter by the larger body, darker coloration, distinctly elongated antennomere V and by the shape of the ventral plate of the aedeagus (pronotum of
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FCCFFC2823C8FC60" authorityName="Seevers" authorityYear="1951" box="[814,955,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blatchleyi">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FCCFFC2823C8FC60" box="[814,955,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">G. blatchleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
yellow-red, elytra and abdomen uniformly red-brown; antennomere V slightly transverse to slightly elongated; ventral plate of aedeagus wide, with acute and very small superior protrusion on medio-ventral margin of latero-dorsal process, as in
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFFB033FBBCFC7024DCFC28" box="[1117,1199,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 1720" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1670,1693]" captionTargetBox="[306,1282,198,1630]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[274,1313,193,1649]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1720. Gyrophaena blatchleyi Seevers: 17—habitus, 18—aedeagus, lateral view, 19—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 20—male abdominal tergite IX, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (17), 0.1 mm (1820)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946799/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A26503FFFFB033FF26FC53215DFB2C" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF26FC5321E9FB9C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF26FC532135FBD4" bold="true" box="[199,326,1015,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Etymology</emphasis>
. The new species name is derived from the Uichol/Huichol Indians (the tribe of Central and West
<collectingCountry id="B4AF7618FFFFB033FF76FBB8209CFBF1" box="[151,239,1052,1077]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Mexico</collectingCountry>
)
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FEECFBB821FDFBF0" box="[269,398,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">maraakate</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FE48FBB82245FBF0" box="[425,566,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">maraakame</emphasis>
(plur.), (
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FD52FBB8236DFBF0" box="[691,798,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">sacrificer</emphasis>
), shaman performing the ceremony of eating sacred mushrooms and plants.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF76FB0F22C1FB01" blockId="8.[151,690,1195,1256]" box="[151,690,1195,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FF76FB0F2203FB01" authority="Enushchenko" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,624,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velada" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF76FB0F21BCFB00" bold="true" box="[151,463,1195,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF76FB0F2155FB00" bold="true" box="[151,294,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Gyrophaena</emphasis>
(s. str.)
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FE65FB0F21BCFB00" bold="true" box="[388,463,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">velada</emphasis>
</emphasis>
Enushchenko
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFFFB033FD9AFB0822C1FB01" box="[635,690,1196,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" rank="species">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FD9AFB0822C1FB01" bold="true" box="[635,690,1196,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">sp.n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF76FB6B215DFB2C" blockId="8.[151,690,1195,1256]" box="[151,302,1231,1256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
(
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFFB033FF7EFB6B2156FB2C" box="[159,293,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 2125" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[182,1402,212,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 2125. Gyrophaena velada sp.n.: 21—habitus, 22—aedeagus, lateral view, 23—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 24—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 25—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (21), 0.1 mm (2225)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946809/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Figs. 2125</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A26503FFFFB033FF76FAB323BCF978" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF76FAB323BCFA04" blockId="8.[151,1437,1303,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF76FAB321CEFAF4" bold="true" box="[151,445,1303,1328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Type material examined</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFFFB033FE2EFAB3224FFAF4" box="[463,572,1303,1328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFFFB033FDA8FABC2206FAF4" box="[585,629,1304,1328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
[Specimen was re-glued by me on a white rectangular card; a plastic plate with a preparation of the aedeagus, parameres and abdominal segments VIIIX in Canada balsam was pinned under the card with specimen]:
<collectingCountry id="B4AF7618FFFFB033FE1AFAFB2240FABC" box="[507,563,1375,1400]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FE1AFAFB2240FABC" bold="true" box="[507,563,1375,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">USA</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: USA:
<collectingRegion id="0E7CF86AFFFFB033FD72FAFB2283FABC" box="[659,752,1375,1400]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Arizona</collectingRegion>
, Cochise Co[unty]. | n[ea]r. Portal Chiricahua | Mtns., below Rustlers P[ar]k. |
<date id="B8061048FFFFB033FE83FA20218CFA59" box="[354,511,1412,1437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" value="1965-08-24">24-VIII-1965</date>
, FMHD #65-495. | on mushroom, | H.S. Dybas,
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFFFB033FBB1FA20249AFA58" box="[1104,1257,1412,1436]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FAE3FA2025FEFA58" authorityName="Mannerheim" authorityYear="1830" box="[1282,1421,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FAE3FA2025FEFA58" box="[1282,1421,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Gyrophaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FF76FA0C2091FA04" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,226,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velada" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF76FA0C2091FA04" box="[151,226,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">velada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFFFB033FF09FA0D216DFA04" box="[232,286,1449,1472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
| Enushchenko I.V. | 2018 des. &lt;red printed label&gt; (FMNH).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF26FA6923BCF978" blockId="8.[151,1437,1303,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFFFB033FF26FA69214AFA21" box="[199,313,1485,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFFFB033FEA2FA682103FA20" box="[323,368,1484,1508]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="DABEFD01FFFFB033FE9CFA6821D4FA20" box="[381,423,1484,1508]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
[Both
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFFFB033FE17FA692212FA21" box="[502,609,1485,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
were re-glued by me on white rectangular plates]:
<collectingCountry id="B4AF7618FFFFB033FB42FA6824A8FA21" box="[1187,1243,1484,1509]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FB42FA6824A8FA21" bold="true" box="[1187,1243,1484,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">USA</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: USA:
<collectingRegion id="0E7CF86AFFFFB033FADAFA6825EBFA21" box="[1339,1432,1484,1509]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Arizona</collectingRegion>
, Cochise Co[unty]. | n[ea]r. Portal Chiricahua | Mtns., below Rustlers P[ar]k. |
<date id="B8061048FFFFB033FC1BFA5424E4F9CC" box="[1018,1175,1519,1544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" value="1965-08-24">24-VIII-1965</date>
, FMHD #65-495. | on mushroom, | H.S. Dybas,
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFFFB033FE2AF9B02228F9E8" box="[459,603,1556,1580]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FD92F9B0228DF9E8" authorityName="Mannerheim" authorityYear="1830" box="[627,766,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FD92F9B0228DF9E8" box="[627,766,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Gyrophaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FCF5F9B0232CF9E8" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[788,863,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velada" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FCF5F9B0232CF9E8" box="[788,863,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">velada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFFFB033FC86F9B123EEF9E8" box="[871,925,1557,1580]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
| Enushchenko I.V. | 2018 des. &lt;red printed label&gt; (FMNH); 1 spec. [Unsexed (without abdominal tergites IV-VIII and apical segment); Specimen is glued on a narrow-triangular plate]:
<collectingCountry id="B4AF7618FFFFB033FE33F9F82279F9B1" box="[466,522,1628,1653]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FE33F9F82279F9B1" bold="true" box="[466,522,1628,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">USA</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: USA:
<collectingRegion id="0E7CF86AFFFFB033FD90F9F822BDF9B1" box="[625,718,1628,1653]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Arizona</collectingRegion>
, Cochise Co[unty]. | n[ea]r. Portal Chiricahua | Mtns., below Rustlers P[ar]k. |
<date id="B8061048FFFFB033FE82F9DB2272F95C" box="[355,513,1663,1688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" value="1965-08-24">24-VIII-1965</date>
, FMHD #65-495. | on mushroom, | H.S. Dybas,
<typeStatus id="1303882AFFFFB033FBB6F924249BF95C" box="[1111,1256,1664,1688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FAE0F92425FFF95C" authorityName="Mannerheim" authorityYear="1830" box="[1281,1420,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FAE0F92425FFF95C" box="[1281,1420,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Gyrophaena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
|
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFFB033FF76F9002091F978" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,226,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velada" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF76F9002091F978" box="[151,226,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">velada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFFFB033FF09F901216DF978" box="[232,286,1701,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
| Enushchenko I.V. | 2018 des. &lt;red printed label&gt; (FMNH).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A26503FFFFB031FF26F9632300F87B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="219" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" type="description">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFFB033FF26F963238FF819" blockId="8.[151,1437,1303,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFFB033FF26F9632122F924" bold="true" box="[199,337,1735,1760]" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Description</emphasis>
. Body length
<quantity id="0B409B6DFFFFB033FE15F96C22EFF91B" box="[500,668,1736,1760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.1">2.102.40 mm</quantity>
. Head brown; pronotum, elytra and abdomen yellow-red to yellowbrown; antennae, mouthparts and legs yellow to yellow-red. Microsculpture moderately strongly reticulate. Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFFB033FED3F8AB21F6F8EC" box="[306,389,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 2125" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[182,1402,212,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 2125. Gyrophaena velada sp.n.: 21—habitus, 22—aedeagus, lateral view, 23—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 24—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 25—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (21), 0.1 mm (2225)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946809/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="217">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
. Head 1.4 times as wide as long, with well distinct reticulate microsculpture and rather large punctures in middle. Antennomere III elongate, slender and long, 1.7 times as long as IV, antennomeres IVX distinctly incrassate, antennomere IV longer than wide, antennomeres V and VI moderately large, distinctly elongate, antennomeres VIIX feebly elongate, subquadrate; apical antennomere conical, twice longer than wide. Pronotum 1.3 times as wide as long and head; vertex with distinct reticulate microsculpture and two rows of small, weak punctures in median part; medio-basal portion of pronotum impunctate.
</paragraph>
<caption id="98C76600FFFEB032FF76F8DB210BF817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946809/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="218" startId="9.[151,264,1919,1942]" targetBox="[182,1402,212,1883]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFEB032FF76F8DB210BF817" blockId="9.[151,1436,1919,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFEB032FF76F8DB2122F851" bold="true" box="[151,337,1919,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="218">FIGURES 2125</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFEB032FE82F8242243F852" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[355,560,1920,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFEB032FE82F8242243F852" box="[355,560,1920,1942]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="218">Gyrophaena velada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFFEB032FDDAF824221DF851" box="[571,622,1920,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="218" rank="species">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFEB032FDDAF824221DF851" bold="true" box="[571,622,1920,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="218">sp.n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
: 21—habitus, 22—aedeagus, lateral view, 23—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 24—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 25—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (21), 0.1 mm (2225).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="98C76600FFFDB031FF76FAD522ACFA62" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946815/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="219" startId="10.[151,264,1393,1416]" targetBox="[294,1339,203,1318]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFDB031FF76FAD522ACFA62" blockId="10.[151,1435,1393,1446]" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FF76FAD52122FA42" bold="true" box="[151,337,1393,1416]" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">FIGURES 2628</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFDB031FE80FAD522C4FA43" authority="Casey" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1906" box="[353,695,1393,1415]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coniciventris">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FE80FAD52218FA43" box="[353,619,1393,1415]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">Gyrophaena coniciventris</emphasis>
Casey
</taxonomicName>
: 26—habitus, 27—aedeagus, lateral view, 28—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (25), 0.1 mm (2628)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFDB031FF26FA7624BCF95B" blockId="10.[151,1437,1490,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">
Male. Middle part of abdominal tergite VII with smooth median tubercle; abdominal tergite VIII with two long, slightly incurved lateral teeth and three short ones between them; medial tooth short, wide angled (
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFDB031FADAFA5225FCF9CB" box="[1339,1423,1526,1551]" captionStart="FIGURES 2125" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[182,1402,212,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 2125. Gyrophaena velada sp.n.: 21—habitus, 22—aedeagus, lateral view, 23—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 24—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 25—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (21), 0.1 mm (2225)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946809/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFDB031FEF4F9BE2115F9F7" box="[277,358,1562,1587]" captionStart="FIGURES 2125" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[182,1402,212,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 2125. Gyrophaena velada sp.n.: 21—habitus, 22—aedeagus, lateral view, 23—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 24—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 25—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (21), 0.1 mm (2225)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946809/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
) with ventral plate strongly protruded laterally, bifurcate into smaller and narrower inferior part, hook-shaped, curved apically and wider and more convex in the middle part with small curved apex and narrow elongate superior part; apical portion of median lobe with narrow long and moderately wide and twisted dorsal projection; dorsal projection of very narrow internal sac slightly exceeding apex of median lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFDB031FF76F90E20B0F923" blockId="10.[151,1437,1490,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">
Female. Abdominal tergite VIII wide trapezoid (
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFDB031FD23F90E236BF907" box="[706,792,1706,1731]" captionStart="FIGURES 2125" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[182,1402,212,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 2125. Gyrophaena velada sp.n.: 21—habitus, 22—aedeagus, lateral view, 23—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 24—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 25—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (21), 0.1 mm (2225)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946809/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
); abdominal sternite VIII broadly rounded apically (
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFDB031FA8EF90E20C4F923" captionStart="FIGURES 2125" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1919,1942]" captionTargetBox="[182,1402,212,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 2125. Gyrophaena velada sp.n.: 21—habitus, 22—aedeagus, lateral view, 23—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 24—female abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view, 25—female abdominal sternite, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (21), 0.1 mm (2225)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946809/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFDB031FF26F9562300F87B" blockId="10.[151,1437,1490,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FF26F95621DAF8CF" bold="true" box="[199,425,1778,1803]" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">Comparative notes</emphasis>
. Based on the coloration of the body, shape of male abdominal tergite VIII and aedeagus,
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFDB031FF76F8B32173F8EB" authority="Enushchenko, 2018" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,256,1815,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velada" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FF76F8B320DBF8EA" box="[151,168,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FF54F8B32173F8EB" box="[181,256,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">velada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5FF57E1FFFDB031FEE6F8B2214CF8EB" box="[263,319,1814,1839]" pageId="10" pageNumber="219" rank="species">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FEE6F8B2214CF8EB" bold="true" box="[263,319,1814,1839]" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">sp.n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFDB031FE30F8B322F2F8EB" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1906" box="[465,641,1815,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coniciventris">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FE30F8B322F2F8EB" box="[465,641,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">G. coniciventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFDB031FD6EF8B2236AF8EB" box="[655,793,1814,1839]" captionStart="FIGURES 2628" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1393,1416]" captionTargetBox="[294,1339,203,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[243,1344,193,1372]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 2628. Gyrophaena coniciventris Casey: 26—habitus, 27—aedeagus, lateral view, 28—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (25), 0.1 mm (2628)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946815/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">Figs. 2628</figureCitation>
), known from eastern states of the
<collectingCountry id="B4AF7618FFFDB031FB7EF8B22547F8EB" box="[1183,1332,1814,1839]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">United States</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A8294B79FFFDB031FAA2F8B320A1F897" author="Seevers, C. H." pageId="10" pageNumber="219" pagination="1 - 762" refId="ref8129" refString="Seevers, C. H. (1951) A revision of the North American and European staphylinid beetles of the subtribe Gyrophaenina (Aleocharinae, Bolitocharini). Fieldiana Zoology, 32 (10), 1 - 762." type="journal article" year="1951">Seevers 1951</bibRefCitation>
), and differs from the latter by the larger body, distinctly elongated antennomere V, stronger microsculpture of the fore-body, more distinct punctation of the head, and by distinctly narrower projections of the ventral plate of the aedeagus, with long and very narrow superior part (superior part of ventral plate of the aedeagus of
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFDB031FB0CF82725EFF85E" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1906" box="[1261,1436,1923,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coniciventris">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FB0CF82725EFF85E" box="[1261,1436,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">G. coniciventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
significantly shorter and wider, with bilobate apex, as in
<figureCitation id="54832A0DFFFDB031FCF2F8022315F87B" box="[787,870,1958,1983]" captionStart="FIGURES 2628" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1393,1416]" captionTargetBox="[294,1339,203,1318]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[243,1344,193,1372]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 2628. Gyrophaena coniciventris Casey: 26—habitus, 27—aedeagus, lateral view, 28—male abdominal tergite VIII, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (25), 0.1 mm (2628)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946815/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84A26503FFFDB030FF26F86F2557FF11" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="10" pageNumber="219" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CC073688FFFDB030FF26F86F2557FF11" blockId="10.[151,1437,1490,2020]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,213]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FF26F86F2135F820" bold="true" box="[199,326,1995,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">Etymology</emphasis>
. The name of a new species is derived from the word
<taxonomicName id="0BB84D0BFFFDB031FC5BF86F2476F827" authorityName="Enushchenko" authorityYear="2018" box="[954,1029,1995,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Gyrophaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velada">
<emphasis id="FECCEA9AFFFDB031FC5BF86F2476F827" box="[954,1029,1995,2019]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="219">velada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(evening, in Spanish), the name of the healing vigils carried out by Masatec/Mazateco Indians during the rituals involving the use of magic mushrooms during the secret ceremony of communication with spirits and to experience enlightenment.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>