433 lines
63 KiB
XML
433 lines
63 KiB
XML
<document id="5D85D5B4FF77AF81F99FCF724C90AA52" ID-DOI="10.1590/S1984-4689.v39.e21032" ID-ISSN="1984-4689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13176475" ID-ZooBank="2B189EA2-803A-428C-AE26-C3669A5F3100" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722590930157" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Castro Mendonça, Luana M., Parisotto Guimarães, Carmen R. & Haddad, Maria A." docDate="2022" docId="782B4803573D881A47E2BA7D6EEDFDD9" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoologia.39.e21032.pdf" docOrigin="Zoologia (e 21032) 39" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v39.e21032" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C0DEAC3FDCE12EEF877F5538032D0DC0.6:Zoologia.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="C0DEAC3FDCE12EEF877F5538032D0DC0" docStyleName="Zoologia.2021-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Eudendrium carneum Clarke 1882" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="8412307B57368817471FBB406F22FFDD" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and diversity of hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of Sergipe, Northeast Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1722629092014" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="5777D9E1E91366E1DAF91EA0B7A10ECE">Taxonomy and diversity of hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of Sergipe, Northeast Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="47CA4CB8C88AAB71B8540F488706C318">Castro Mendonça, Luana M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E4EBADEB2DC6698FB8B9489666FD1EAF">Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, & Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Caixa Postal 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. mahaddad. 2014 @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C870C4ED62E94CC1EB27A0D70835432B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0F456923C176A5D74CBEF028C7F0A32B">Parisotto Guimarães, Carmen R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="74650E136006BEEBAC864C300A62170B">Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Avenida</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F1968AF417963AAF9C4F6ADE5F3D0A4A" type="email">carmenparisotto@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7EF6D14A5957C3F2F3F89B20665CA8E2">Haddad, Maria A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B65F14609E958A7FA1F5E8F933B4AB92">Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Avenida Lourival Melo Mota,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D44B3CF92611752B7469AD1A36D4F86B">Zoologia</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B28ED8D7BF0840CEAD5E0CA006835D13">
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<mods:date id="145B55C71BFCF20C82A523EAF4BFCCC0">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="95F33EFBAD9ADC8669A99FD55E67A0CB">e 21032</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="9259BE31DE30E0F457BB1DD3C0F01E5B">2022-11-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6D077EB5FED9EC008DAB04EB1FD2C4D8">39</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="54A35776BB0B5401222E9CF3F9CF56EB" type="ISSN">1984-4689</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="782B4803573D881A47E2BA7D6EEDFDD9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:782B4803573D881A47E2BA7D6EEDFDD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/782B4803573D881A47E2BA7D6EEDFDD9" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="B898AA9E573D881C47E2BA7D6DBFFE85" box="[253,669,317,344]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C47E2BA7D6DBFFE85" blockId="11.[253,669,317,377]" box="[253,669,317,344]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="AB754E79573D881C47E2BA7D6DBFFE85" box="[253,669,317,344]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="37828296573D881C47E2BA7D6DBFFE85" ID-CoL="3BZHY" authority="Clarke, 1882" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1882" box="[253,669,317,344]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carneum">
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<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C47E2BA7D6EDAFE85" box="[253,504,317,344]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Eudendrium carneum</emphasis>
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Clarke, 1882
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B898AA9E573D881C4681BA256D65FE7C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C4681BA256EDFFEA4" blockId="11.[253,669,317,377]" box="[414,509,357,377]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<figureCitation id="68B9E590573D881C4681BA256EDFFEA4" box="[414,509,357,377]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[159,217,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,197,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-211@12.[159,1436,197,1399]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. (A-C) Eudendrium merulum: (A) detail of one male colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (B) detail of female colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (C) detail of a hydranth showing the two groups of nematocysts characteristic of the species (red arrows); (D-G) Eudendrium carneum: (D) part of a female colony without hydranths highlighting the gonophores (red arrows); (E) an undischarged nematocyst; (F) a discharged nematocyst; (G) detail of two female gonophores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13176491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13176491/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5D–G</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C4788BACD6D65FE7C" blockId="11.[151,773,397,673]" box="[151,583,397,417]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Synonyms available from:
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<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4690BACD6D66FE7C" author="Schuchert P" box="[399,580,397,417]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="677 - 757" refId="ref51853" refString="Schuchert P (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 115: 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008">Schuchert (2008b)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B898AA9E573D881C4788BAE66E31FD7C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C4788BAE66E0EFD88" blockId="11.[151,773,397,673]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D092DE3B573D881C4788BAE66E0EFD88" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="37828296573D881C4788BAE66D31FE66" ID-CoL="3BZHY" authority="Clarke, 1882: 137" authorityName="Clarke" authorityPageNumber="137" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,531,422,443]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carneum">
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<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C4788BAE66E7BFE67" box="[151,345,422,442]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Eudendrium carneum</emphasis>
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Clarke, 1882: 137
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 7 figs 10–17, Fraser, 1944: 64, pl. 8 fig. 36, Vervoort, 1968: 8,
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<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C454ABA816C22FE08" author="Millard NAH" box="[597,768,449,469]" page="82" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1975">
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<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C454ABA816C22FE08" author="Millard NAH" box="[597,768,449,469]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref50466" refString="Millard NAH (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of Southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 68: 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard, 1975: 82</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 28,
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<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C4619BA9A6EE6FE33" author="Watson JE" box="[262,452,474,494]" page="202" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1985">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4619BA9A6EE6FE33" author="Watson JE" box="[262,452,474,494]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="179 - 221" refId="ref52826" refString="Watson JE (1985) The genus Eudendrium (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) from Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 97: 179 - 221." type="journal article" year="1985">Watson, 1985: 202</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 59–62, Wedler and Larson, 1986: 84, fig. 6Ba, b,
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<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C4695BAB46D0CFDD5" author="Calder DR" box="[394,558,500,520]" page="43" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1988">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4695BAB46D0CFDD5" author="Calder DR" box="[394,558,500,520]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref47250" refString="Calder DR (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Life Sciences Contributions, Royal Ontario Museum 148: 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Calder, 1988: 43</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 33–35,
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<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C45B6BAB46E8FFDFC" author="Bavestrello G & Piraino S" page="197" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1991">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C45B6BAB46E8FFDFC" author="Bavestrello G & Piraino S" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="197 - 207" refId="ref46871" refString="Bavestrello G, Piraino S (1991) On two Eudendrium (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) species from the Mediterranean Sea. Oebalia 17: 197 - 207." type="journal article" year="1991">Bavestrello and Piraino, 1991: 197</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 1a–c, Marinopoulos, 1992: 57, fig. 2.3,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C4618B9676EDDFDE6" author="Marques AC & Mergner H & Hoinghaus R & Santos CMD & Vervoort W" box="[263,511,551,571]" page="90" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4618B9676EDDFDE6" author="Marques AC & Mergner H & Hoinghaus R & Santos CMD & Vervoort W" box="[263,511,551,571]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="75 - 118" refId="ref49614" refString="Marques AC, Mergner H, Hoinghaus R, Santos CMD, Vervoort W (2000 a) Morphological study and taxonomical notes on Eudendriidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Athecatae / Anthomedusae). Zoologische Mededelingen 74: 75 - 118." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C4618B9676E7BFDE6" box="[263,345,551,571]" country="Italy" name="Marche" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Marques</collectingRegion>
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||
et al., 2000a: 90
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 35–41,
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<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C4568B9676E0AFD88" author="Marques AC & Pena Cantero AL & Vervoort W" page="206" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4568B9676E0AFD88" author="Marques AC & Pena Cantero AL & Vervoort W" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="197 - 213" refId="ref49695" refString="Marques AC, Pena Cantero AL, Vervoort W (2000 b) Mediterranean species of Eudendrium Ehrenberg, 1834 (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) with the description of a new species. Journal of Zoology, London 252: 197 - 213." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C4568B9676DEBFDE6" box="[631,713,551,571]" country="Italy" name="Marche" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Marques</collectingRegion>
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et al., 2000b: 206
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C4788B91A6E31FD7C" blockId="11.[151,773,397,673]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D092DE3B573D881C4788B91A6E31FD7C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573D881C4788B91A6D4BFDB3" ID-CoL="3BZJ7" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1910: 127" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityPageNumber="127" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,617,602,622]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cunninghami">
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||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C4788B91A6EA0FDB3" box="[151,386,602,622]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Eudendrium cunninghami</emphasis>
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||
Kirkpatrick, 1910: 127
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 7 figs 1–3,
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<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C47AAB9346EA3FD55" author="Vannucci M" box="[181,385,628,648]" page="101" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1954">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C47AAB9346EA3FD55" author="Vannucci M" box="[181,385,628,648]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="95 - 149" refId="ref52562" refString="Vannucci M (1954) Hydrozoa e Scyphozoa existentes no Instituto Oceanografico. Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico 5: 95 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0373 - 55241954000100005" type="journal article" year="1954">Vannucci, 1954: 101</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, synonym,
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C46EEB9346C22FD55" author="Marques AC & Pena Cantero AL & Vervoort W" box="[497,768,628,648]" page="207" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C46EEB9346C22FD55" author="Marques AC & Pena Cantero AL & Vervoort W" box="[497,768,628,648]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="197 - 213" refId="ref49695" refString="Marques AC, Pena Cantero AL, Vervoort W (2000 b) Mediterranean species of Eudendrium Ehrenberg, 1834 (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) with the description of a new species. Journal of Zoology, London 252: 197 - 213." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C46EEB9346D61FD55" box="[497,579,628,648]" country="Italy" name="Marche" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Marques</collectingRegion>
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||
et al., 2000b: 207
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, synonym.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B898AA9E573D881C47CBB9F36A7DFD08" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C47CBB9F36DDBFAE7" blockId="11.[149,773,691,1786]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Description: The material was in poor condition, mostly fragmented, without hydranths or with much-degenerated hydranths. Colonies erect and bushy. Stem long, monosiphonic, up to
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C47EBB84D6E05FCFD" box="[244,295,781,800]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="9.0">9 cm</quantity>
|
||
high,
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C4674B84D6ECDFCFD" box="[363,495,781,800]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.18" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.16">0.16–0.2 mm</quantity>
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||
wide, forming intercrossed aggregates. Hydrocladium divided into varying degrees, with terminal hydranths on pedicels of variable length. Perisarc thick, annulated at the base of branches and pedicels, less frequently annulated between pedicels and in their distal parts. Hydranths partially degenerated
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C466CB8E26EDAFC6B" box="[371,504,930,950]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.27" valueMax="0.34" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.34 mm</quantity>
|
||
high,
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C4521B8E26DE1FC6B" box="[574,707,930,950]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.165" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.13">0.13–0.2 mm</quantity>
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||
wide. One whorl of 10–16 filiform tentacles inserted just above the medial region of the hydranth. The form of the hypostome was not noticeable. Mature and spent gonophores surrounded by perisarc without traces of the hydranth, up to
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C454EBF5A6DBEFBF0" box="[593,668,1050,1069]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
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||
high,
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C45C6BF5A6F9CFB96" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.96">0.96 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Only female gonophores present, arising as sporosacs on short pedicels with some perisarcal annulations. One to six sporosacs per blastostyle, each with
|
||
<specimenCount id="E684329C573D881C46ECBF346D62FB5A" box="[499,576,1140,1159]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="egg">one egg</specimenCount>
|
||
. Spadices bifurcated and curved over the sporosac. Eggs are encased in a perisarc cover, typically with two fenestrations per egg. Nematocysts of
|
||
<specimenCount id="E684329C573D881C4788BF8D6FD4FB3D" box="[151,246,1229,1248]" count="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
: anisorhiza undischarged (7.4–7.9 × 3.4–3.9 µm); small eurytele undischarged (15.4–18.5 × 9.8–12.5 µm) and discharged (15.3–16.3 × 8.2–11.2 µm) and large undischarged (27.9–34.5 × 14.6–18.4 µm) and discharged (23.3–29. 9 × 16.2–17.2 µm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C47CBBE046FFEFA4E" blockId="11.[149,773,691,1786]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined: PCS – abundant colonies, few with female gonophores, from dry and rainy seasons. CZUFS CNI-00086.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C47CBBEDE6DBBFA6C" blockId="11.[149,773,691,1786]" box="[212,665,1438,1457]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stations: PCS – 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C47CBBEFC6D2CFA12" blockId="11.[149,773,691,1786]" box="[212,526,1467,1487]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Bottom: gravel, sand, and mud.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C47CBBE9A6B29FEEE" blockId="11.[149,773,691,1786]" lastBlockId="11.[807,1429,198,725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8895B985573D881C4640BE9A6EB5FA30" box="[351,407,1498,1517]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C46ABBE9A6ECFFA30" box="[436,493,1498,1517]" country="Brazil" name="Ceara" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ceará</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C46E2BE9A6DEDFA30" author="Marques AC & Shimabukuro V & Morandini AC & Migotto AE" box="[509,719,1498,1517]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="71 - 112" refId="ref49741" refString="Marques AC, Shimabukuro V, Morandini AC, Migotto AE (2006) Cnidaria Medusozoa do litoral do estado do Ceara. In: Matthews-Cascon H, Lotufo TMC (Eds) Biota marinha da costa este do Ceara. Ministerio do Meio Ambiente Pronabio, Brasilia, 71 - 112." type="book chapter" year="2006">Marques et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Shimabukuro et al. 2006), Fernando de Noronha (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C457DBEB86DDDF9D6" author="Pires DO & Castro CB & Migotto AE & Marques AC" box="[610,767,1528,1547]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref51420" refString="Pires DO, Castro CB, Migotto AE, Marques AC (1992) Cnidarios bentonicos do Arquipelago de Fernando de Noronha, Brasil. Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro 354: 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1992">Pires et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4788BD556E72F9F4" author="Amaral FMD & Ramos CAC & Leao ZMAN & Kikuchi RKP & Lima KKM & Longo LL & Cordeiro RTS & Lira SMA & Vasconcelos SL" box="[151,336,1557,1577]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="277 - 290" refId="ref46577" refString="Amaral FMD, Ramos CAC, Leao ZMAN, Kikuchi RKP, Lima KKM, Longo LL, Cordeiro RTS, Lira SMA, Vasconcelos SL (2009) Checklist and morphometry of benthic cnidarians from the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 50: 277 - 290." type="journal article" year="2009">Amaral et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C467EBD556EBBF9F5" box="[353,409,1557,1576]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C46B9BD556DE9F9F4" author="Kelmo F & Santa-Isabel LMS" box="[422,715,1557,1577]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref49147" refString="Kelmo F, Santa-Isabel LMS (1998) The athecatae hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Northern Bahia, Brazil. Revista de Biologia Tropical 5: 61 - 72." type="journal article" year="1998">Kelmo and Santa-Isabel 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C45C3BD566FD1F99B" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C47E1BD736EC2F99B" author="Calder DR & Mayal EM" box="[254,480,1587,1607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="69 - 78" refId="ref47689" refString="Calder DR, Mayal EM (1998) Dry season distribution of hydroids in a small tropical estuary, Pernambuco, Brazil. Zoologische Verhandelingen 323: 69 - 78." type="journal article" year="1998">Calder and Maÿal 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C46F1BD736D56F99B" box="[494,628,1587,1606]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4560BD736FC7F9B9" author="Grohmann PA & Souza MM & Nogueira CC" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="227 - 232" refId="ref48824" refString="Grohmann PA, Souza MM, Nogueira CC (1997) Hydroids from the vicinity of a large industrial area in Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil. Proceedings of the 6 th International Conference on Coelenterate Biology 1995: 227 - 232." type="journal article" year="1997">Grohmann et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C47F0BD116E01F9B9" author="Grohmann PA & Nogueira CC & Silva VMAP" box="[239,291,1617,1636]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref48696" refString="Grohmann PA, Nogueira CC, Silva VMAP (2003) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected on the continental shelf of Brazil during the Geomar X Oceanographic Operation. Zootaxa 299: 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C462CBD116E9EF9B9" box="[307,444,1617,1636]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C46D7BD116DB0F9B9" author="Nogueira CC & Grohmann PA & Silva VMAP" box="[456,658,1617,1637]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref50822" refString="Nogueira CC, Grohmann PA, Silva VMAP (1997) Hydroids from the vicinity of a nuclear power plant site (CNAAA-Unidade I) at Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Proceedings of the 6 th International Conference on Coelenterate Biology: 365 - 369, available online at: https: // www. researchgate. net / publication / 279450354 _ Hydroids _ from _ the _ vicinity _ of _ a _ nuclear _ power _ plant _ site _ CNAAA-Unidade _ I _ at _ Angra _ dos _ Reis _ Rio _ de _ Janeiro _ Brazil [Accessed: 10 / 04 / 2019]" type="url" year="1997">Nogueira et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C45BDBD116C23F9B9" box="[674,769,1617,1636]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4782BD2F6E4EF95F" author="Marques AC" box="[157,364,1647,1666]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="329 - 405" refId="ref49495" refString="Marques AC (2001) O genero Eudendrium (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) no Brasil. Papes Avulsos de Zoologia 41 (22): 329 - 405." type="journal article" year="2001">Marques et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4666BD2F6D82F95F" author="Silveira FL & Morandini AC" box="[377,672,1647,1666]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref52113" refString="Silveira FL, Morandini AC (2011) Checklist dos Cnidaria do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 11: 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / s 1676 - 06032011000500016" type="journal article" year="2011">Silveira and Morandini 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C45B1BD2F6E25F97D" author="Marques AC & Kloh AS & Migotto AE & Cabral AC & Rigo APR & Bettim AL" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="265 - 285" refId="ref49563" refString="Marques AC, Kloh AS, Migotto AE, Cabral AC, Rigo APR, Bettim AL, et al. (2013) Rapid assessment survey of exotic benthic species in the Sao Sebastiao Channel, Brazil. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 41: 265 - 285." type="journal article" year="2013">Marques et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C460BBDCD6ED1F97D" author="Fernandez MO & Navarrete SA & Marques AC" box="[276,499,1677,1696]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="144 - 152" refId="ref48130" refString="Fernandez MO, Navarrete SA, Marques AC (2014) Temporal variation in richness and composition of recruits in a diverse cnidarian assemblage of subtropical Brazil. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 460: 144 - 152." type="journal article" year="2014">Fernandez et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C451FBDCD6D11F97D" author="Fernandez MO & Navarrete SA & Marques AC" box="[512,563,1677,1696]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="492 - 503" refId="ref48171" refString="Fernandez MO, Navarrete SA, Marques AC (2015) A comparison of temporal turnover of species from benthic cnidarian assemblages in tropical and subtropical harbours. Marine Biology Research 11: 492 - 503. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2014.955804" type="journal article" year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C455FBDCC6DDAF97D" author="Alaja-Batista L & Lins DM & Haddad MA" box="[576,760,1676,1696]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref46292" refString="Alaja-Batista L, Lins DM, Haddad MA (2020) Diversity of estuarine and marine hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from subtropical ecosystems of Brazil. Marine Biodiversity 50: 97. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 020 - 01133 - 0" type="journal volume" year="2020">Alaja-Batista 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C4788BDEB6FF8F963" box="[151,218,1707,1726]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Paraná</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C47F5BDEA6EE7F963" author="Cangussu LC & Altvater L & Haddad MA & Cabral AC & Heyse HL & Rocha RM" box="[234,453,1706,1726]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="219 - 231" refId="ref47720" refString="Cangussu LC, Altvater L, Haddad MA, Cabral AC, Heyse HL, Rocha RM (2010) Substrate type as a selective tool against colonization by non-native sessile invertebrates. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 58: 219 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1679 - 87592010000300005" type="journal article" year="2010">Cangussu et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C4517BDEB6DBFF963" box="[520,669,1707,1726]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C45B2BDEB6E26F901" author="Miranda TP & Haddad MA & Shimabukuro V & Dubiaski-Silva J & Marques AC" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="331 - 353" refId="ref50542" refString="Miranda TP, Haddad MA, Shimabukuro V, Dubiaski-Silva J, Marques AC (2011) Fauna de hidroides (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) da regiao de Bombinhas, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 11: 331 - 353." type="journal article" year="2011">Miranda et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C460FBD896EEDF901" author="Bouzon JL & Brandini FP & Rocha RM" box="[272,463,1737,1756]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="39 - 47" refId="ref47083" refString="Bouzon JL, Brandini FP, Rocha RM (2012) Biodiversity of sessile fauna on rocky shores of coastal islands in Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Marine Science 2: 39 - 47." type="journal article" year="2012">Bouzon et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (see other records in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C45ABBD896E2BF924" author="Oliveira OMP & Miranda TP & Araujo EM & Ayon P & Cedeno-Posso CM & Cepeda-Mercado AA" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref51341" refString="Oliveira OMP, Miranda TP, Araujo EM, Ayon P, Cedeno-Posso CM, Cepeda-Mercado AA, et al. (2016) Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters. Zootaxa 4194: 001 - 256." type="journal volume" year="2016">Oliveira et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). World distribution – Mediterranean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4589BDA66CF6FF04" author="Bavestrello G & Piraino S" box="[662,980,198,1785]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="197 - 207" refId="ref46871" refString="Bavestrello G, Piraino S (1991) On two Eudendrium (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) species from the Mediterranean Sea. Oebalia 17: 197 - 207." type="journal article" year="1991">Bavestrello and Piraino 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C44C1BB866B8DFF04" author="Marques AC & Pena Cantero AL & Vervoort W" box="[990,1199,198,217]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="197 - 213" refId="ref49695" refString="Marques AC, Pena Cantero AL, Vervoort W (2000 b) Mediterranean species of Eudendrium Ehrenberg, 1834 (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) with the description of a new species. Journal of Zoology, London 252: 197 - 213." type="journal article" year="2000">Marques et al. 2000b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), from New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8895B985573D881C4237BB866A58FF07" box="[1320,1402,198,218]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
to Florida (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4466BBA46B6AFF2A" author="Marques AC & Mergner H & Hoinghaus R & Santos CMD & Vervoort W" box="[889,1096,228,247]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="75 - 118" refId="ref49614" refString="Marques AC, Mergner H, Hoinghaus R, Santos CMD, Vervoort W (2000 a) Morphological study and taxonomical notes on Eudendriidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Athecatae / Anthomedusae). Zoologische Mededelingen 74: 75 - 118." type="journal article" year="2000">Marques et al. 2000a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8895B985573D881C4348BBA46BF3FF2A" box="[1111,1233,228,247]" name="South Africa" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C43C3BBA46A7CFF2A" author="Millard NAH" box="[1244,1374,228,247]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref50466" refString="Millard NAH (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of Southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 68: 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8895B985573D881C4437BA426C5DFEC8" box="[808,895,258,277]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4492BA426B30FEC8" author="Watson JE" box="[909,1042,258,277]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="179 - 221" refId="ref52826" refString="Watson JE (1985) The genus Eudendrium (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) from Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 97: 179 - 221." type="journal article" year="1985">Watson 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (see specific records in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4218BA426AB6FEC8" author="Marques AC" box="[1287,1428,258,277]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="329 - 405" refId="ref49495" refString="Marques AC (2001) O genero Eudendrium (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) no Brasil. Papes Avulsos de Zoologia 41 (22): 329 - 405." type="journal article" year="2001">Marques 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4449BA606B22FEEE" author="Schuchert P" box="[854,1024,288,307]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="677 - 757" refId="ref51853" refString="Schuchert P (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 115: 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008">Schuchert 2008b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C447ABA7D6B85FD44" blockId="11.[807,1429,198,725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Taxonomic remarks: Despite the poor conditions of the colonies, the morphology of the female blastostyles and gonophores, and the cnidome agree with the diagnostic characteristics of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573D881C447BBAD86CE8FE77" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1882" box="[868,970,407,426]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carneum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C447BBAD86C52FE77" box="[868,880,408,426]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C4463BAD86CE8FE77" box="[892,970,408,426]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">carneum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, namely: “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573D881C432EBAD76BBDFE77" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1834" box="[1073,1183,407,426]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C432EBAD76BBDFE77" box="[1073,1183,407,426]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Eudendrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with large hererotrichous anisorhizal nematocysts... Spadix of the female gonophore bifurcated... The oocytes, together with the blastostyle, are encased in a perisarc forming a capsule, in which there are typically two fenestrations per oocyte.” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C432BB94F6BE1FDFF" author="Marques AC" box="[1076,1219,527,546]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="329 - 405" refId="ref49495" refString="Marques AC (2001) O genero Eudendrium (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) no Brasil. Papes Avulsos de Zoologia 41 (22): 329 - 405." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C432BB94F6BA8FDFF" box="[1076,1162,527,546]" country="Italy" name="Marche" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Marques</collectingRegion>
|
||
2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 355–356). Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4436B96D6CE7FD9D" author="Marques AC" box="[809,965,557,576]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="329 - 405" refId="ref49495" refString="Marques AC (2001) O genero Eudendrium (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) no Brasil. Papes Avulsos de Zoologia 41 (22): 329 - 405." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C4436B96D6C5CFD9D" box="[809,894,557,576]" country="Italy" name="Marche" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Marques</collectingRegion>
|
||
(2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentions the large hererotrichous anisorhizal
|
||
<typeStatus id="2F3947B7573D881C4435B90B6C77FD83" box="[810,853,587,606]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
as a character of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573D881C431BB90B6A12FD80" authority=", Schuchert (2008 b)" authorityName=", Schuchert" authorityYear="2008" box="[1028,1328,586,606]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carneum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C431BB90B6B32FD80" box="[1028,1040,587,605]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C4302B90B6B4FFD80" box="[1053,1133,587,605]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">carneum</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4366B90A6A12FD80" author="Schuchert P" box="[1145,1328,586,605]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="677 - 757" refId="ref51853" refString="Schuchert P (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 115: 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008">Schuchert (2008b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mentions that these are also reported as isorhiza, and differentiating isorhiza from anisorhiza is not simple.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C447AB9E46A7DFD08" blockId="11.[807,1429,198,725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks: Few colonies found associated with a substratum; those are on Bryozoa, algae, and a thyroscyphid hydroid.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B898AA9E573D881C4499B9BB6A44FC16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C4499B9BB6BAEFCE4" blockId="11.[902,1335,763,825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573D881C4499B9BB6A15FCCB" ID-CoL="6GV3J" authority="Watson, 1985" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1985" box="[902,1335,763,790]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="merulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C4499B9BB6BA1FCCB" box="[902,1155,763,790]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Eudendrium merulum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4394B9BB6A15FCCB" author="Watson JE" box="[1163,1335,763,790]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="179 - 221" refId="ref52826" refString="Watson JE (1985) The genus Eudendrium (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) from Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 97: 179 - 221." type="journal article" year="1985">Watson, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<figureCitation id="68B9E590573D881C432EB8656BAEFCE4" box="[1073,1164,805,825]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[159,217,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,197,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-211@12.[159,1436,197,1399]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. (A-C) Eudendrium merulum: (A) detail of one male colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (B) detail of female colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (C) detail of a hydranth showing the two groups of nematocysts characteristic of the species (red arrows); (D-G) Eudendrium carneum: (D) part of a female colony without hydranths highlighting the gonophores (red arrows); (E) an undischarged nematocyst; (F) a discharged nematocyst; (G) detail of two female gonophores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13176491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13176491/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C4436B8106A44FC16" blockId="11.[809,1432,848,971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D092DE3B573D881C4436B8106A44FC16" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C4436B8106B8DFCB8" author="Watson JE" box="[809,1199,848,869]" page="200" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1985">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573D881C4436B8106B8DFCB8" ID-CoL="6GV3J" authority="Watson, 1985: 200" authorityName="Watson" authorityPageNumber="200" authorityYear="1985" box="[809,1199,848,869]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="merulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C4436B8106CC9FCB9" box="[809,1003,848,868]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Eudendrium merulum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C44EBB8116B8DFCB8" author="Watson JE" box="[1012,1199,849,869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="179 - 221" refId="ref52826" refString="Watson JE (1985) The genus Eudendrium (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) from Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 97: 179 - 221." type="journal article" year="1985">Watson, 1985: 200</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 53-58, –
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C422FB8116B07FCA2" author="Bavestrello G & Piraino S" page="200" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C422FB8116B07FCA2" author="Bavestrello G & Piraino S" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="197 - 207" refId="ref46871" refString="Bavestrello G, Piraino S (1991) On two Eudendrium (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) species from the Mediterranean Sea. Oebalia 17: 197 - 207." type="journal article" year="1991">Bavestrello and Piraino, 1991: 200</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 2–4, –
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C4390B82B6AB1FCA2" author="Marques AC & Mergner H & Hoinghaus R & Santos CMD & Vervoort W" box="[1167,1427,875,895]" page="100" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C4390B82B6AB1FCA2" author="Marques AC & Mergner H & Hoinghaus R & Santos CMD & Vervoort W" box="[1167,1427,875,895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="75 - 118" refId="ref49614" refString="Marques AC, Mergner H, Hoinghaus R, Santos CMD, Vervoort W (2000 a) Morphological study and taxonomical notes on Eudendriidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Athecatae / Anthomedusae). Zoologische Mededelingen 74: 75 - 118." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C4390B82B6BC0FCA2" box="[1167,1250,875,895]" country="Italy" name="Marche" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Marques</collectingRegion>
|
||
et al., 2000a: 100
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 64–66, –
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C44DBB8C46BF0FC45" author="Marques AC & Pena Cantero AL & Vervoort W" box="[964,1234,900,920]" page="203" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C44DBB8C46BF0FC45" author="Marques AC & Pena Cantero AL & Vervoort W" box="[964,1234,900,920]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="197 - 213" refId="ref49695" refString="Marques AC, Pena Cantero AL, Vervoort W (2000 b) Mediterranean species of Eudendrium Ehrenberg, 1834 (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) with the description of a new species. Journal of Zoology, London 252: 197 - 213." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573D881C44DBB8C46B35FC45" box="[964,1047,900,920]" country="Italy" name="Marche" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Marques</collectingRegion>
|
||
et al., 2000b: 203
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, –
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C43F9B8C46B74FC6F" author="Pena Cantero AL & Garcia Carrascosa AM" page="30" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C43F9B8C46B74FC6F" author="Pena Cantero AL & Garcia Carrascosa AM" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref51386" refString="Pena Cantero AL, Garcia Carrascosa AM (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen 337: 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="2002">Peña Cantero and García Carrascosa, 2002: 30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 5a, b, –Bouillon et al., 2004: 59, fig. 35A–G, –
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="7123DF04573D881C44F8B8F76BD7FC16" author="Schuchert P" box="[999,1269,951,971]" page="717" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573D881C44F8B8F76BD7FC16" author="Schuchert P" box="[999,1269,951,971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="677 - 757" refId="ref51853" refString="Schuchert P (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 115: 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008">Schuchert, 2008b: 717–719</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 19, 20.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B898AA9E573D881A447AB89D6EEDFDD9" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C447AB89D6B88F95C" blockId="11.[807,1431,989,1785]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Description: Male and female colonies, up to
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C4252B89D6AB7FC2C" box="[1357,1429,989,1009]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="8.3">8.3 cm</quantity>
|
||
high. Some colonies form aggregates with stems intertwined. Stem monosiphonic,
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C431EBF596BB3FBF1" box="[1025,1169,1049,1068]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.145" valueMax="0.17" valueMin="0.12">0.12–0.17 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, divided into more than one order, arising from a creeping hydrorhiza. Perisarc thick, smooth, with annulations at the base of pedicels and at the main stem above the insertion of the hydrocladia. Hydranths thin,
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C44D0BFD16B7EFB79" box="[975,1116,1169,1188]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="9.2" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.615" valueMax="0.92" valueMin="0.31">0.31–0.92 mm</quantity>
|
||
high,
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C4384BFD06A0BFB79" box="[1179,1321,1168,1188]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.415" valueMax="0.54" valueMin="0.29">0.29–0.54 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, with a trumpet-shaped hypostome. Hydranths with one whorl of 16–22 filiform tentacles, inserted just below the hypostome. Fixed gonophores with wrinkled perisarc emerging from long pedicels in the male colonies and short ones in the female colonies. Hypostomes and tentacles in male blastostyles were completely reduced. One to three sporosacs per blastostyles, with 3–4 chambers each, connected by sporosac constraints. First chamber 90–114
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C44C9BEC16CC1FA4F" bold="true" box="[982,995,1409,1426]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">×</emphasis>
|
||
74–76 µm and the last 122–174
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C4232BEC16A18FA4F" bold="true" box="[1325,1338,1409,1426]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">×</emphasis>
|
||
115–159 µm. Hydranth partially or completely reduced in the female blastostyle, without hypostome. Female blastostyle up to
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C4275BEFB6C70FA31" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.44" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="4.44">4.44 mm</quantity>
|
||
high and up to
|
||
<quantity id="377A54F0573D881C431DBE996B7CFA31" box="[1026,1118,1497,1516]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.01" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="3.01">3.01 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Female sporosac with a simple curved spadix over it. A single egg per sporosac and 4 to 7 sporosacs per blastostyle. Macrobasic euryteles undischarged (23.4–26.8
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573D881C4482BD756C88F99B" bold="true" box="[925,938,1589,1606]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">×</emphasis>
|
||
9.6–10.8 µm). Two groups of large microbasic euryteles aligned one at the base of the hydranth and the other at the base of the hypostome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="68B9E590573D881C434ABD2E6BBCF95C" box="[1109,1182,1646,1666]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[159,217,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,197,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-211@12.[159,1436,197,1399]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. (A-C) Eudendrium merulum: (A) detail of one male colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (B) detail of female colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (C) detail of a hydranth showing the two groups of nematocysts characteristic of the species (red arrows); (D-G) Eudendrium carneum: (D) part of a female colony without hydranths highlighting the gonophores (red arrows); (E) an undischarged nematocyst; (F) a discharged nematocyst; (G) detail of two female gonophores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13176491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13176491/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573D881C447ABDCC6AA2F924" blockId="11.[807,1431,989,1785]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined: VB – abundant colonies, two with female and two with male gonophores, from the dry and rainy season; SE – few infertile colonies from the dry season. CZUFS CNI-00045; CNI-00090; CNI-00091; CNI-00238; CNI-00239.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A4FDA99D573A881B4780BEC56B86FA2F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13176491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13176491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13176491/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[159,217,1413,1433]" targetBox="[159,1436,197,1399]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573A881B4780BEC56B86FA2F" blockId="12.[158,1436,1412,1522]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Figure 5. (A-C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573A881B4630BEC46ECDFA45" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1985" box="[303,495,1412,1432]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="merulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573A881B4630BEC46ECDFA45" box="[303,495,1412,1432]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Eudendrium merulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (A) detail of one male colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (B) detail of female colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (C) detail of a hydranth showing the two groups of nematocysts characteristic of the species (red arrows); (D-G)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573A881B46C1BE806DBFFA09" authorityName=", Schuchert" authorityYear="2008" box="[478,669,1472,1492]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carneum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573A881B46C1BE806DBFFA09" box="[478,669,1472,1492]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Eudendrium carneum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (D) part of a female colony without hydranths highlighting the gonophores (red arrows); (E) an undischarged nematocyst; (F) a discharged nematocyst; (G) detail of two female gonophores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573A881B47C4BD686DB4F984" blockId="12.[157,779,1576,1775]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stations: VB – C1P12, C1P34, C1P56, C2P12, C2P34, C2P56, C3P34, C3P56; SE – C3P12, C3P34, C3P56.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573A881A47C4BD246DE6FE51" blockId="12.[157,779,1576,1775]" lastBlockId="13.[150,771,198,516]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8895B985573A881B467EBD246EBAF9AA" box="[353,408,1636,1655]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
– the only record of this species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8895B985573A881B4781BDC26FF6F948" box="[158,212,1666,1685]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
is to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573A881B461BBDC26EB2F948" box="[260,400,1666,1685]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573A881B4684BDC26D04F948" author="Marques AC" box="[411,550,1666,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="329 - 405" refId="ref49495" refString="Marques AC (2001) O genero Eudendrium (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) no Brasil. Papes Avulsos de Zoologia 41 (22): 329 - 405." type="journal article" year="2001">Marques 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), however, this record is considered doubtful (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573A881B4675BDE06ED4F96E" author="Marques AC" box="[362,502,1696,1715]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="329 - 405" refId="ref49495" refString="Marques AC (2001) O genero Eudendrium (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) no Brasil. Papes Avulsos de Zoologia 41 (22): 329 - 405." type="journal article" year="2001">Marques 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573A881B46E1BDE06D90F96E" author="Oliveira OMP & Marques AC & Migotto AE" box="[510,690,1696,1715]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref51287" refString="Oliveira OMP, Marques AC, Migotto AE (2006) Chave de identificacao dos hidroides (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) epifiticos do Canal de Sao Sebastiao (SE, Brasil). Biota Neotropica 6: 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032006000200025" type="journal article" year="2006">Oliveira et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) because the specimens examined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573A881B46B0BDFE6D65F90C" author="Marques AC" box="[431,583,1726,1745]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="329 - 405" refId="ref49495" refString="Marques AC (2001) O genero Eudendrium (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) no Brasil. Papes Avulsos de Zoologia 41 (22): 329 - 405." type="journal article" year="2001">Marques (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were in poor condition. The author also stated an important difference between the specimens that he observed and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="2F3947B7573A881B438EBD696B9EF9E1" box="[1169,1212,1577,1596]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573A881B422FBD696ABEF9E6" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1985" box="[1328,1436,1576,1596]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="merulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573A881B422FBD696A1EF9E6" box="[1328,1340,1577,1595]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573A881B4256BD686ABEF9E6" box="[1353,1436,1576,1595]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">merulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that had nematocysts arranged in a “gland ring” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573A881B420BBD066ABAF984" author="Watson JE" box="[1300,1432,1606,1625]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="179 - 221" refId="ref52826" refString="Watson JE (1985) The genus Eudendrium (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) from Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 97: 179 - 221." type="journal article" year="1985">Watson 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573A881B4430BD246CFDF9AA" author="Schuchert P" box="[815,991,1636,1655]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="677 - 757" refId="ref51853" refString="Schuchert P (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 115: 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008">Schuchert 2008b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This gland-ring was observed in material from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="324637F7573A881B4476BDC16C92F948" box="[873,944,1665,1685]" country="Brazil" name="Sergipe" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sergipe</collectingRegion>
|
||
as a group of nematocysts alined in the inferior region of hypostome and another group at hydranth base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="68B9E590573A881B4267BDDF6C6CF90D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[159,217,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,197,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-211@12.[159,1436,197,1399]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. (A-C) Eudendrium merulum: (A) detail of one male colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (B) detail of female colony showing hydranths and gonophores (red arrows); (C) detail of a hydranth showing the two groups of nematocysts characteristic of the species (red arrows); (D-G) Eudendrium carneum: (D) part of a female colony without hydranths highlighting the gonophores (red arrows); (E) an undischarged nematocyst; (F) a discharged nematocyst; (G) detail of two female gonophores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13176491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13176491/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
, red arrows). World distribution –
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8895B985573A881B43B9BDFE6BDFF90C" box="[1190,1277,1726,1745]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573A881B4214BDFE6AB2F90D" author="Watson JE" box="[1291,1424,1725,1745]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="179 - 221" refId="ref52826" refString="Watson JE (1985) The genus Eudendrium (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) from Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 97: 179 - 221." type="journal article" year="1985">Watson 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), western and eastern Mediterranean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573A881A43B2BD9B6FE8FF04" author="Bavestrello G & Piraino S" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="197 - 207" refId="ref46871" refString="Bavestrello G, Piraino S (1991) On two Eudendrium (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) species from the Mediterranean Sea. Oebalia 17: 197 - 207." type="journal article" year="1991">Bavestrello and Piraino 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573B881A47CCBB866E82FF04" author="Marques AC & Mergner H & Hoinghaus R & Santos CMD & Vervoort W" box="[211,416,198,217]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="75 - 118" refId="ref49614" refString="Marques AC, Mergner H, Hoinghaus R, Santos CMD, Vervoort W (2000 a) Morphological study and taxonomical notes on Eudendriidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Athecatae / Anthomedusae). Zoologische Mededelingen 74: 75 - 118." type="journal article" year="2000">Marques et al. 2000a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Peña Cantero and García Carracosa 2002), Black Sea, Canary islands, Gulf of Biscaya and English Channel (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573B881A47E3BA426E8DFEC8" author="Schuchert P" box="[252,431,258,277]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="677 - 757" refId="ref51853" refString="Schuchert P (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 115: 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008">Schuchert, 2008b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and Atlantic region of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8895B985573B881A45B3BA426C21FEC8" box="[684,771,258,277]" name="Morocco" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573B881A4781BA606E1CFEEE" author="Iazza B & Gonzalez-Duarte MM & Moukrim A & Martinez CM" box="[158,318,288,307]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref48943" refString="Iazza B, Gonzalez-Duarte MM, Moukrim A, Martinez CM (2013) First report of the marine hydroids Eudendrium glomeratum, E. merulum and Garveia grisea (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Moroccan Atlantic coast. Marine Biodiversity Records 6: 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267213000560" type="journal article" year="2013">Iazza et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="941384E4573B881A4652BA606D20FEEE" author="Schuchert P" box="[333,514,288,307]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="677 - 757" refId="ref51853" refString="Schuchert P (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 115: 677 - 757." type="journal article" year="2008">Schuchert (2008b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
highlights that molecular analysis of 16S DNA suggests that the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and the Black Sea populations were three distinct species and this could indicate that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573B881A469ABA3A6ED2FE51" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1985" box="[389,496,377,397]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="merulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573B881A469ABA3A6EB3FE51" box="[389,401,378,396]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573B881A4682BA396ED2FE51" box="[413,496,377,396]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">merulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a species complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F03DF915573B881A47CBBAD76EEDFDD9" blockId="13.[150,771,198,516]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Remarks: Colonizing the plates, Bryozoa,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573B881A4586BAD76DDCFE77" box="[665,766,407,426]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Ostreidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573B881A4788BAF56E21FE14" box="[151,259,437,457]" class="Polychaeta" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="class">Polychaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||
tubes, Ascidiacea, and the hydroids
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573B881A4560BAF56E21FE38" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Corydendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="parasiticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573B881A4560BAF56E21FE38" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Corydendrium parasiticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37828296573B881A462DBA936EF2FE3B" authorityName="Goldfuss" authorityYear="1820" box="[306,464,467,486]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pennariidae" genus="Pennaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2F62507573B881A462DBA936EF2FE3B" box="[306,464,467,486]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pennaria disticha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Material from the rainy season was mainly without hydranths.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |