438 lines
30 KiB
XML
438 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e85571" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1864-8312-81-409" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1F7030AA7B0B54EAB1846C6B1339DB56" ID-ZooBank="764845DB2D5D4E7E9E12DCA816F5BCD8" ModsDocID="1864-8312-81-409" checkinTime="1682026883038" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Garcia, Andres F. & Villarreal, Osvaldo" docDate="2023" docId="FD1A5F36A4DE5BDDB6FB1E3100DEFB55" docLanguage="en" docName="ArthropodSystPhyl 81: 409-437" docOrigin="Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 81" docPubDate="2023-04-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e85571" docTitle="Paravima propespelunca Gonzalez-Sponga 1987" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="1F7030AA7B0B54EAB1846C6B1339DB56" lastPageNumber="409" masterDocId="1F7030AA7B0B54EAB1846C6B1339DB56" masterDocTitle="Looks are deceiving: a cladistic analysis, three new species, and a new diagnosis of Paravima Caporiacco, 1951 (Opiliones: Agoristenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="437" masterPageNumber="409" pageNumber="409" updateTime="1682026883038" updateUser="pensoft">
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>Looks are deceiving: a cladistic analysis, three new species, and a new diagnosis of Paravima Caporiacco, 1951 (Opiliones: Agoristenidae)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Garcia, Andres F.</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">agarciarinc@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Villarreal, Osvaldo</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5355-3723</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, Sao Cristovao, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & Museo del Instituto de Zoologia Agricola, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
|
<mods:number>2023-04-20</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number>81</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start>409</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end>437</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e85571</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e85571</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1864-8312-81-409</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">764845DB2D5D4E7E9E12DCA816F5BCD8</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1F7030AA7B0B54EAB1846C6B1339DB56</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD1A5F36A4DE5BDDB6FB1E3100DEFB55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD1A5F36A4DE5BDDB6FB1E3100DEFB55" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="7XXW2" LSID="FD1A5F36-A4DE-5BDD-B6FB-1E3100DEFB55" authority="Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima propespelunca" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propespelunca">
|
|
Paravima propespelunca
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1987
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Paravima propespelunca Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987 (MAGS 103) male. Habitus: A Dorsal view; B lateral view; C anterior view; D posterior view; E ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840443" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Figs 11</figureCitation>
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paravima propespelunca, variation of the paramedian tubercles of area III, in lateral view. A - D, F: From Quebrada Cambural, Birongo (MAGS 103); E from 8 Km N of Guatire (MAGS 109). Males: A, B, E; Females: C, D, F. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840444" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">, 12</figureCitation>
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Map showing the geographic distribution of Paravima in Northern South America. The background colored shapes refer to the biogeographic provinces of Morrone et al. (2022)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840450" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">, 18</figureCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima propespelunca" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propespelunca">Paravima propespelunca</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1987: 486, figs 624-629; Kury, 2003: 31.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Villarreal & DoNascimiento" authorityYear="2005" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima acanthoconus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthoconus">Paravima acanthoconus</taxonomicName>
|
|
Villarreal-Manzanilla & DoNascimento, 2005: 102, figs 1-5. syn. nov.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
Paired tubercles on the mesotergal area III small and conical (in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. lokura" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" rank="species" species="lokura">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">P. lokura</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
large), the remaining
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Caporiacco" authorityYear="1951" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Paravima</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
lack ornamentation or have mammilliform, domed tubercles or spines).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Description.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
See
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" refId="B20" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA, 1987. Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae. Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" title="Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae." year="1987">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1987)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Here we offer a complementary description (based on MAGS 103,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" refId="B20" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA, 1987. Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae. Academia de Ciencias Fisicas, Matematicas y Naturales, Caracas" title="Aracnidos de Venezuela. OpilionesLaniatores I. Familias Phalangodidae y Agoristenidae." year="1987">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
|
|
1987
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
: figs 624-629, and Villarreal-Manzanilla & DoNascimiento 2005: fig. 4): Margins of DS variegated. Anterior and lateral margins of DS smooth, posterior margin with some granules (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Paravima propespelunca Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987 (MAGS 103) male. Habitus: A Dorsal view; B lateral view; C anterior view; D posterior view; E ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840443" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">11A, B, D</figureCitation>
|
|
). Mesotergum ill delimited, divided into four areas: area I divided into two halves; areas II-IV undivided; area II with a pair of low tubercles centrally located; area III with a pair of paramedian conical tubercles (higher than ocularium) darker than the rest of the mesotergum (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Paravima propespelunca Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987 (MAGS 103) male. Habitus: A Dorsal view; B lateral view; C anterior view; D posterior view; E ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840443" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">11A-C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Anterior margin of coxa I with a high proximal conical tubercle (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Paravima propespelunca Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987 (MAGS 103) male. Habitus: A Dorsal view; B lateral view; C anterior view; D posterior view; E ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840443" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">11E</figureCitation>
|
|
). Fe IV four times DS length. Malleus of penis with one pair of branched MS-B; three pairs of branched MS-A; two pairs of medium-sized MS-D; one pair of MS-E2 large and branched. Stylus elongated and sinuous, surpassing the lamina parva (fig. 4).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840443" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima propespelunca" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propespelunca">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Paravima propespelunca</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1987 (MAGS 103) male. Habitus:
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">A</emphasis>
|
|
Dorsal view;
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">B</emphasis>
|
|
lateral view;
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">C</emphasis>
|
|
anterior view;
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">D</emphasis>
|
|
posterior view;
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">E</emphasis>
|
|
ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
Known from Parque Nacional El
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ávila">Avila</normalizedToken>
|
|
and Birongo, Miranda state, in the Venezuelan biogeographic province (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211167" author="Morrone, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" refId="B34" refString="Morrone, JJ, Escalante, T, Rodriguez-Tapia, G, Carmona, A, Arana, M, Mercado-Gomez, JD, 2022. Biogeographic regionalization of the Neotropical region: New map and shapefile. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 94: e20211167. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211167" title="Biogeographic regionalization of the Neotropical region: New map and shapefile. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 94: e 20211167." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211167" year="2022">Morrone et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Map showing the geographic distribution of Paravima in Northern South America. The background colored shapes refer to the biogeographic provinces of Morrone et al. (2022)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840450" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">18</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Type material</emphasis>
|
|
:
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima propespelunca" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propespelunca">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Paravima propespelunca</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
:
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1980-07-07" collectorName="A. R. Delgado de Gonzalez, J. A. Gonzalez Delgado, M. A. Gonzalez-Sponga" country="VENEZUELA" county="Acevedo" elevation="210" location="Delgado de Gonzalez" municipality="Cueva Alfredo Jahn" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
|
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCountry name="Venezuela">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Venezuela" name="Miranda">Miranda</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCounty>Acevedo</collectingCounty>
|
|
,
|
|
<locationDeviation location="Birongo">
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
|
NW Birongo
|
|
</locationDeviation>
|
|
, near
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>Cueva Alfredo Jahn</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
| [10.48523° -66.24280°] |
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="m" value="210.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="m" value="210.0">210 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
|
|
|
<collectingDate value="1980-07-07">7.vii.1980</collectingDate>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
A.R.
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD1A5F36A4DE5BDDB6FB1E3100DEFB55:5F9462C7988161D4C37276475474F591" country="VENEZUELA" county="Acevedo" municipality="Cueva Alfredo Jahn" name="Delgado de Gonzalez" stateProvince="Miranda">
|
|
Delgado de
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
</location>
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
J.A.
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
Delgado
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
M.A.
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
leg. (MCNC 969)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.-
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-10-22" collectorName="A. R. Delgado de Gonzalez & J. A. Gonzalez Delgado & M. A. Gonzalez-Sponga" country="Venezuela" county="Acevedo" elevation="210" location="Delgado de Gonzalez" municipality="Cueva Alfredo Jahn" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="Paratypes">
|
|
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
, same data as preceding,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1983-10-22">22.x.1983</collectingDate>
|
|
(MCNC 970)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1985-03-09" collectorName="A. R. Delgado de Gonzalez & J. A. Gonzalez Delgado & M. A. Gonzalez-Sponga" country="Venezuela" county="Acevedo" elevation="210" location="Delgado de Gonzalez" municipality="Cueva Alfredo Jahn" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">6 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
<specimenCount type="generic">1 imm.</specimenCount>
|
|
, same data as preceding,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1985-03-09">9.iii.1985</collectingDate>
|
|
(MAGS, not examined).-
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Villarreal & DoNascimiento" authorityYear="2005" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima acanthoconus" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthoconus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Paravima acanthoconus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
:
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-06-25" collectorName="Parque Nacional El Avila, Villarreal O., Hernandez L." country="VENEZUELA" elevation="600" location="Quebrada del Norte" municipality="Parque Nacional El Avila" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
|
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCountry name="Venezuela">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Venezuela" name="Miranda">Miranda</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<collectingMunicipality>
|
|
Parque Nacional El
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ávila">Avila</normalizedToken>
|
|
</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
, [Guatire],
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD1A5F36A4DE5BDDB6FB1E3100DEFB55:897D394B61850ED38B86C1BECB36E8C6" country="VENEZUELA" municipality="Parque Nacional El Avila" name="Quebrada del Norte" stateProvince="Miranda">Quebrada del Norte</location>
|
|
[
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
|
del norte; | [10.51°, -66.52°] | [
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="600.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
] |
|
|
<collectingDate value="2002-06-25">25.vi.2002</collectingDate>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Villarreal O.</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
|
|
L.
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
leg. (MHNLS-IV-001)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.-
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-06-20" collectorName="Villarreal O." country="Venezuela" elevation="600" location="Quebrada del Norte" municipality="Parque Nacional El Avila" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="Paratypes">
|
|
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
, same data as for preceding,
|
|
<collectingDate value="2002-06-20">20.vi.2002</collectingDate>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>Villarreal O.</collectorName>
|
|
leg. (MHNLS-IV-0002)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Parque Nacional El Avila & Villarreal O. & Hernandez L." country="Venezuela" elevation="600" location="Quebrada del Norte" municipality="Parque Nacional El Avila" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Miranda" typeStatus="paratype">
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
|
, same data as holotype (MHNLS-IV-0003, not examined)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
. -
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Other material</emphasis>
|
|
:
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Jose Antonio Gonzalez Delgado, Manuel Angel Gonzalez Sponga" country="VENEZUELA" location="Birongo" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Miranda">
|
|
<collectingCountry name="Venezuela">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
|
|
:
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
|
<specimenCount type="female">6 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
|
<specimenCount type="generic">1 imm.</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingRegion country="Venezuela" name="Miranda">Miranda</collectingRegion>
|
|
, Dtto. [Distrito]
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Brión">Brion</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD1A5F36A4DE5BDDB6FB1E3100DEFB55:A68E08E5A60F0331FC742CFABF2AA0E6" country="VENEZUELA" name="Birongo" stateProvince="Miranda">Birongo</location>
|
|
, Quebrada Cambural,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1980-08-07">7.viii.1980</collectingDate>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1983-10-22">22.x.1983</collectingDate>
|
|
and
|
|
<collectingDate value="1985-03-09">9.iii.1985</collectingDate>
|
|
, RDG [Rosa Delgado de
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
], JAGD [
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
|
Antonio
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
Delgado
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
], and MAGS [
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
Manuel
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ángel">Angel</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
Sponga
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
] leg. (MAGS 103 (MIZA 0105926); material partially destroyed, very damaged;
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">two males</specimenCount>
|
|
without genitals)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="A. R. Delgado de Gonzalez, Hernan Biord, Manuel Angel Gonzalez Sponga" country="Venezuela" elevation="329" location="Delgado de Gonzalez" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
|
<specimenCount type="generic">2 imm.</specimenCount>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Salmerón">Salmeron</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Distrito Zamora, [10.4666°, -66.3833°], [
|
|
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.29" unit="m" value="329.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.29" unit="m" value="329.0">329 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
.
|
|
</specimenCount>
|
|
],
|
|
<collectingDate value="1986-08-31">31.viii.1986</collectingDate>
|
|
and
|
|
<collectingDate value="1987-03-12">12.iii.1987</collectingDate>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
A.R.
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD1A5F36A4DE5BDDB6FB1E3100DEFB55:2B1A2CE4E5C633F6B039BDD41699E587" country="Venezuela" name="Delgado de Gonzalez">
|
|
Delgado de
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
</location>
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernán">Hernan</normalizedToken>
|
|
Biord
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
, and MAGS [
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
Manuel
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ángel">Angel</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
Sponga
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
] leg. (MAGS 921 (MIZA 0105927))
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1980-07-05" collectorName="Miguel von Dangel, Jose Antonio Gonzalez Delgado, Manuel Angel Gonzalez Sponga" country="Venezuela" elevation="1125" location="Angela Rosa Delgado de Gonzalez" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
|
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
|
, Zamora, Hacienda Santa Rosa,
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
|
N from Guatire, [10.52741°, -66.52856°],
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" unit="m" value="1125.0">
|
|
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" unit="m" value="1125.0">1125 m</elevation>
|
|
</quantity>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingDate value="1980-07-05">5.vii.1980</collectingDate>
|
|
, M. von D. [
|
|
<collectorName>Miguel von Dangel</collectorName>
|
|
], ARDG [
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD1A5F36A4DE5BDDB6FB1E3100DEFB55:F908C061963D02CB75AB7BEBD2BD67EA" country="Venezuela" name="Angela Rosa Delgado de Gonzalez">
|
|
Angela Rosa Delgado de
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
</location>
|
|
], JAGD [
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
|
Antonio
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
Delgado
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
], and MAGS [
|
|
<collectorName>
|
|
Manuel
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ángel">Angel</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
|
Sponga
|
|
</collectorName>
|
|
] leg. (MAGS 109 (MIZA 0105922))
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="409" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
We suspect that MAGS 103 corresponds to one of the male paratypes cited in type data as MAGS, without number. The synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. acanthoconus" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" rank="species" species="acanthoconus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">P. acanthoconus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. propespelunca" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" rank="species" species="propespelunca">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">P. propespelunca</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is based in: (1) The drawing in the original description (
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1987: fig. 625) presents tubercles on area III with a slightly mammilliform shape which do not fully correspond to what is observed in the studied material (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Paravima propespelunca Gonzalez-Sponga, 1987 (MAGS 103) male. Habitus: A Dorsal view; B lateral view; C anterior view; D posterior view; E ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840443" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">11B-D</figureCitation>
|
|
). However, some unnoticed variations of the shape of these tubercles between different specimens were found (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Paravima propespelunca, variation of the paramedian tubercles of area III, in lateral view. A - D, F: From Quebrada Cambural, Birongo (MAGS 103); E from 8 Km N of Guatire (MAGS 109). Males: A, B, E; Females: C, D, F. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840444" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">12</figureCitation>
|
|
); (2) The schematic drawing of the genital morphology (figs 628, 629) shows a supposed reduction in the number of MS-A, absence of MS-D1-2, and a short and erected style, barely exceeding the height of the LP. Nevertheless, after examination of the male genitalia of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. propespelunca" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" rank="species" species="propespelunca">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">P. propespelunca</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, we noted that this matches perfectly with that of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. acanthoconus" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" rank="species" species="acanthoconus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">P. acanthoconus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; (3) Villarreal-Manzanilla & DoNascimiento (2005: fig. 3b) show that the pedipalpal femur of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. acanthoconus" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" rank="species" species="acanthoconus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">P. acanthoconus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
bears four spiniform tubercles (against five in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. propespelunca" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" rank="species" species="propespelunca">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">P. propespelunca</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, very similar in its external morphology), but, after revision of new material, we noted that this is a variable character even in the same population or when comparing right and left pedipalp of the same individual, so, it is not a reliable character to differentiate species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/asp.81.e85571.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/840444" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="409">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Agoristenidae" genus="Paravima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paravima propespelunca" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="propespelunca">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">Paravima propespelunca</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, variation of the paramedian tubercles of area III, in lateral view.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">A</emphasis>
|
|
-
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">D, F</emphasis>
|
|
: From Quebrada Cambural, Birongo (MAGS 103);
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="409">E</emphasis>
|
|
from 8 Km N of Guatire (MAGS 109). Males: A, B, E; Females: C, D, F. Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |