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<document id="E73AEE419BD847E74830FBCCA93A8F4A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.175599" ID-GBIF-Dataset="11db1e42-bbef-4fd4-91ab-b8620306af0d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="175599" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459813708647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bickel, Daniel J." docDate="2007" docId="AB3287D8FF9C042EFF52669E819CD0FB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01411p067.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1411" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Mesorhaga Schiner" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="570BFFA0FF9D042CFFC5652B8043D137" masterDocTitle="The Mesoamerican Mesorhaga (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with a taxonomic conspectus of the New World fauna" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698221341810" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6CC0E5C3A3F8D7BBCB8BC6380CDD3A25">The Mesoamerican Mesorhaga (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with a taxonomic conspectus of the New World fauna</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="232436CEFF9C042DFF52669E824CD2F8" blockId="1.[151,527,949,975]" box="[151,527,949,975]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="786C81A2FF9C042DFF52669E824CD2F8" bold="true" box="[151,527,949,975]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF52669E824CD2F8" bold="true" box="[151,527,949,975]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9C042DFF2B669E824CD2F8" ID-CoL="5PY3" authority="Schiner" authorityName="Schiner" box="[238,527,949,975]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Mesorhaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF2B669E81EBD2F8" bold="true" box="[238,424,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">MESORHAGA</emphasis>
Schiner
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B816545FF9C042DFF52612E857CD50B" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="232436CEFF9C042DFF52612E840CD52B" blockId="1.[151,1343,1029,1084]" box="[151,1103,1029,1053]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="038B11E0FF9C042DFF52612E840CD52B" box="[151,1103,1029,1053]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9C042DFF52612E8258D52B" ID-CoL="5PY3" authority="Schiner, 1868: 217" authorityName="Schiner" authorityPageNumber="217" authorityYear="1868" box="[151,539,1029,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Mesorhaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF52612E810AD52A" bold="true" box="[151,329,1029,1053]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">MESORHAGA</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="A23A10DFFF9C042DFE8A612E8258D52B" author="Schiner" box="[335,539,1029,1052]" page="217" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" year="1868">
<bibRefCitation id="470A4B3FFF9C042DFE8A612E81A6D52B" author="Schiner" box="[335,485,1029,1052]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" refString="Schiner, I. R. (1868) Diptera. In Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wullerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Zweiter Band. I. Arbtheilung. Wien: B. K. Gerold's Sohn, vi + 338 pp." type="book" year="1868">Schiner, 1868</bibRefCitation>
: 217
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="FC20886CFF9C042DFDE0612E8219D52B" box="[549,602,1029,1052]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9C042DFD79612E8391D52B" ID-CoL="425TX" authority="Schiner" authorityName="Schiner" box="[700,978,1029,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Mesorhaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFD79612E833AD52B" box="[700,889,1029,1052]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Mesorhaga tristis</emphasis>
Schiner
</taxonomicName>
, monotypy.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="232436CEFF9C042DFF52610E857CD50B" blockId="1.[151,1343,1029,1084]" box="[151,1343,1061,1084]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="038B11E0FF9C042DFF52610E857CD50B" box="[151,1343,1061,1084]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9C042DFF52610E81B0D50B" authority="Aldrich, 1893: 48" authorityName="Aldrich" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,499,1061,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Aptorthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF52610E816FD50B" box="[151,300,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">APTORTHUS</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="A23A10DFFF9C042DFEF6610E81B0D50B" author="Aldrich" box="[307,499,1061,1084]" page="48" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" year="1893">
<bibRefCitation id="470A4B3FFF9C042DFEF6610E8189D50B" author="Aldrich" box="[307,458,1061,1084]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" refString="Aldrich, J. M. (1893) New genera and species of Psilopinae. The Kansas University Quarterly, 2, 47 - 50." type="journal article" year="1893">Aldrich, 1893</bibRefCitation>
: 48
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="FC20886CFF9C042DFE39610E8272D50B" box="[508,561,1061,1084]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9C042DFD56610E845BD50B" authority="Aldrich, 1893" authorityName="Aldrich" authorityYear="1893" box="[659,1048,1061,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Aptorthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albiciliatus">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFD56610E8338D50B" box="[659,891,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Aptorthus albiciliatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="470A4B3FFF9C042DFC47610E845BD50B" author="Aldrich" box="[898,1048,1061,1084]" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" refString="Aldrich, J. M. (1893) New genera and species of Psilopinae. The Kansas University Quarterly, 2, 47 - 50." type="journal article" year="1893">Aldrich, 1893</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, des. Coquillett, 1910: 509.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B816545FF9C042DFF5261468092D478" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="232436CEFF9C042DFF526146848DD5C8" blockId="1.[151,1437,1133,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF5261468153D5B0" bold="true" box="[151,272,1133,1159]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFEE461458122D5B0" box="[289,353,1134,1159]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Head</emphasis>
: vertex often deeply excavated in male, with ocellar tubercle prominent; ocellar tubercle with pair of strong diverging ocellars and 3 pairs of long diverging posterior setae; vertical seta present; male sometimes with hairs on lateral frons (MSSC); eyes well separated in both sexes; scape bare, pedicel with short dorsal and longer ventral setae; first flagellomere subrectangular; arista usually dorsal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="232436CEFF9C042DFF0360258092D478" blockId="1.[151,1437,1133,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF0360258158D410" box="[198,283,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Thorax</emphasis>
: ac varies from 34 pairs long setae to reduced or absent; 5 strong dc present, not sexually dimorphic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B816545FF9C042DFF03607583FED6B5" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph id="232436CEFF9C042DFF036075846BD4A8" blockId="1.[151,1437,1133,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF03607580BED440" box="[198,253,1374,1399]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Legs</emphasis>
: males sometimes with modified podomeres; femora with only weak ventral hairs; FII and FIII without preapical setae; tibiae mostly bare, sometimes with major ad and pd setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="232436CEFF9C042DFF0360858108D775" blockId="1.[151,1437,1133,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF0360858142D4F0" box="[198,257,1454,1479]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Wing</emphasis>
: usually hyaline or sometimes with smoky membrane; vein M2 absent without fold or indication on membrane; M variable in curvature, from slightly curved to more strongly bent (see
<figureCitation id="BBA02A4BFF9C042DFB4260F38495D4C5" box="[1159,1238,1496,1522]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1752,1776]" captionTargetBox="[266,1333,194,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[249,1344,184,1732]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Mesorhaga lacrymans Parent: a. hypopygium, left lateral. b. male distal tarsus I, dorsal. c. male wing, dorsal. M. cocori n. sp.: d. hypopygium, left lateral. M. sarukhani n. sp.: e. hypopygium, left lateral. M. funebris Parent: f. hypopygium, left lateral. M. hule n. sp.: g. hypopygium, left lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175600/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
c, 3d); crossvein bm-cu totally absent; crossvein dm-cu straight; halter sometimes sexually dimorphic, black in males and yellow in females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="232436CEFF9C042DFF03637A83FED6B5" blockId="1.[151,1437,1133,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF03637A8176D75D" box="[198,309,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Abdomen</emphasis>
: tergum 6 sometimes ventrally expanded with abundant setae; tergum 7 enclosing elongate epandrial base (e.g.
<figureCitation id="BBA02A4BFF9C042DFE4863538194D7A5" box="[397,471,1656,1682]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1715,1739]" captionTargetBox="[269,1304,204,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1323,194,1691]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mesorhaga adunca Van Duzee a. hypopygium, left lateral. M. falciunguis n. sp.: b. hypopygium, left lateral; c. male distal tarsus I, posterior. M. villanuevi n. sp.: d. hypopygium, left lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175601/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a), with sternum 7 reduced or lost; epandrium usually elongate and cylindrical; hypopygial foramen left lateral and positioned in basal third to basal half of epandrium; phallus and hypandrium arising from base of epandrium; hypandrium tapering, narrow, and symmetrical, without left lateral arm; phallus long and narrow, and can be protruded out from the epandrium (
<figureCitation id="BBA02A4BFF9C042DFBE463DB8428D63D" box="[1057,1131,1776,1802]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[274,1317,465,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[264,1323,434,1931]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mesorhaga isthmia n. sp. a hypopygium, left lateral. b. male postabdomen with phallus extended, left lateral; c. male tarsus I, posterior view. d. male wing, dorsal. M. baadsvicki n. sp.: e. hypopygium, left lateral. M. mexicana n. sp.: f. hypopygium, left lateral." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175602/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Figs 3</figureCitation>
b, 3f); epandrial lobe usually flattened and ovate, bearing strong seta on inner margin and apically; strong epandrial seta present at base of epandrial lobe; surstylus usually with 34 short overlapping arms; cercus curved and tapering, usually with strong basolateral setae, and with species diagnostic shape and setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B816545FF9C042EFF0362BB819CD0FB" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="232436CEFF9C042EFF0362BB8558D063" blockId="1.[151,1437,1133,2002]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,460]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFF0362BB817BD69D" bold="true" box="[198,312,1936,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9C042DFE8D62BB818ED69E" box="[328,461,1936,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Mesorhaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFE8D62BB818ED69E" box="[328,461,1936,1961]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Mesorhaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an almost cosmopolitan genus that can be readily recognized by a combination of venation and male postabdominal structure. Although the unbranched and curved vein M of
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9C042DFB2C6293852DD6E6" box="[1257,1390,1976,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Mesorhaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9C042DFB2C6293852DD6E6" box="[1257,1390,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Mesorhaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been used as a key character for the genus, the loss of M2 (i.e., an unbranched M) has been independently derived several times within the
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9F042EFDD165E982E5D1EB" box="[532,678,194,220]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sciapodinae">Sciapodinae</taxonomicName>
, variously as a MSSC or in both sexes. Other diagnostic features that help distinguish it from other members of the
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9F042EFD3265C183C5D033" box="[759,902,234,260]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sciapodinae">Sciapodinae</taxonomicName>
include a single strong vertical seta in both sexes, hypopygial foramen positioned from basal third to basal half of epandrium, hypandrium narrow, elongate, and symmetrical, without a left lateral arm, and the cercus massive, clavate and often curved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="232436CEFF9F042EFF036449819CD0FB" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
The habitus, venation, and derived male postabdomen make
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9F042EFC6864488471D04B" box="[941,1074,355,380]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Mesorhaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11EFEADCFF9F042EFC6864488471D04B" box="[941,1074,355,380]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Mesorhaga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
one of the few demonstrably monophyletic genera of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="E49B4D4DFF9F042EFD9B64A182AED093" box="[606,749,394,420]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sciapodinae">Sciapodinae</taxonomicName>
(for discussion of morphology, systematics and extralimital fauna, see
<bibRefCitation id="470A4B3FFF9F042EFEFA64998191D0FB" author="Bickel" box="[319,466,434,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" refString="Bickel, D. J. (1994) The Australian Sciapodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with a review of the Oriental and Australasian faunas, and a world conspectus of the subfamily. Records of the Australian Museum Supplement, 21, 1 - 394." type="journal article" year="1994">Bickel 1994</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>