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<document id="1DD2B6597D912E8180967EFA17BC28CD" ID-CLB-Dataset="254253" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.592.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f7fd738-964a-495a-a3d0-8cbc8b94e394" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7850513" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1681977710113" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chávez-Hernández, María Guadalupe, Álvarez-Ruiz, Julio Alejandro &amp; Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo Osvaldo" docDate="2023" docId="7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.592.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 592 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Asclepias graogramanii L. O. Alvarado, M. G. Chavez &amp; J. A. Alvarez 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="262" masterDocId="8761FFAAFFCD253AFFB2FF8EFFF9FFBB" masterDocTitle="Two new Mexican species of Asclepias (Apocynaceae; Asclepiadoideae; Asclepiadeae)" masterLastPageNumber="266" masterPageNumber="255" pageNumber="261" updateTime="1699514540245" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="99658F99A00F4262FE7B15BE4DB35C95" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="046D73F4827C4C6139CC2C47CED5B73C">
<mods:title id="F5865271A474BE0C11FAE78D1306FDBB">Two new Mexican species of Asclepias (Apocynaceae; Asclepiadoideae; Asclepiadeae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="5EC56BA6150B5B58FF1C988EFC31BB04" type="personal">
<mods:role id="681116C8943C6079BC20DDE07DF4FCEA">
<mods:roleTerm id="F55336C4F90CBBCB704B35BD00B54D99">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9E1943A7F2C688A4B3BC9096697FBB30">Chávez-Hernández, María Guadalupe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4A4D3DFDF3CBEB3EDCC6B94FAC62A63E" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1071-9994</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9E1F3AF594D7892D1E5315B513429F2D">Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70 - 282, 04510, México, Ciudad de México. &amp; mariagchavezh @ ciencias. unam. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1071 - 9994</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DD50797107CF1CFA219A56DAEF4FD1F2" type="email">mariagchavezh@ciencias.unam.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F46B195241570EDAEFEB2E5C3F8A5E74" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E4A99F9A58DD8FA9334C02BBF31E8391">
<mods:roleTerm id="E5856B4C3ED46E8C0F34EA5AD26CB1AE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2D412009513CC4EB149AE9C6C5FF712F">Álvarez-Ruiz, Julio Alejandro</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="77DAD4E686CA9FAE1F1F8F4F26EA8864">Calle San Cristóbal Colón 34. Huatulco de Mercado, Jalisco. &amp; juliopajarero @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="123386F5E13BFFDB3B1E8B20002BF39C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="657AE87397ABE8120ECED063AD161189">
<mods:roleTerm id="BCFD26A3F200AF82A2D521150CF0DD25">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4705A9C21EB17E45D0EFA39498362DB0">Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo Osvaldo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F60239A6496AA4F118946170036BC89" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4938-8339</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="88B57AA3F26DA758DB784194A5F41FF7">Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70 - 282, 04510, México, Ciudad de México. &amp; leonardoac @ ciencias. unam. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4938 - 8339</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="57D740B636485F6E4B2302C3218E011C" type="email">leonardoac@ciencias.unam.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="FA906DC01720151650CC1D3E478992AB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B21D2D766019FB163D4C682ACFF4C35C">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="08E35ED8AF3A061043EBB586BA33F40F">
<mods:date id="E201487344A38F854B7CCA6DB325FCCF">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DA01FC7FF35307076E2B7BCD32785CB1" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="479E412CFEA126835EAA83048D6453B5">2023-04-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3EF40ED0A7C34E14771FBFB7556900AA">592</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A32BA39156871A4A47CB675AD3B7870B">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="798A237C03621C521CD6F360A04DCD84">255</mods:start>
<mods:end id="5A377D03B98818B97D9D538880E13FA9">266</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="1E2E47844B1708EC3698975C8140B4C1">http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="F9D8EB305826790E393EB997DB2F2EEF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4D9FDDF3D8741ADED016EB777177F121" type="CLB-Dataset">254253</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AEBB7D94B95358701455A73004FDE3D4" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.592.3.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7850448" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209568901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7850448" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<subSubSection id="BBEB654FFFCB253CFF3AFEF8FC0AFE2A" box="[136,1011,374,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF3AFEF8FC0AFE2A" blockId="6.[136,1011,374,401]" box="[136,1011,374,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<heading id="A80681A8FFCB253CFF3AFEF8FC0AFE2A" box="[136,1011,374,401]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFF3AFEF8FC6FFE2B" ID-CoL="B8RJ2" authority="L.O. Alvarado, M.G. Chavez &amp; J.A. Alvarez" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, M. G. Chavez &amp; J. A. Alvarez" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,918,374,401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graogramanii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF3AFEF8FE62FE2B" bold="true" box="[136,411,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Asclepias graogramanii</emphasis>
L.O. Alvarado, M.G. Chávez &amp; J.A. Alvarez
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFC2FFEF9FC0AFE2A" bold="true" box="[925,1011,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DAB657ADFFCB253CFC2FFEF9FC0AFE2A" box="[925,1011,375,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BBEB654FFFCB253CFF3AFE10FDEEFE6C" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF3AFE10FDEEFE6C" blockId="6.[136,1452,414,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF3AFE10FF3BFE08" bold="true" box="[136,194,414,435]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Type:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="43993C99FFCB253CFF69FE10FDEAFE6C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089187308" collectingDate="1951-05-01" collectionCode="MEXU" collectorName="R. McVaugh &amp; D. V. Hoover" country="Mexico" elevation="1400" latitude="20.456667" location="Mascota" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-104.77334" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jalisco" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="8BE67654FFCB253CFF69FE10FEC5FE0E" box="[219,316,414,437]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">MÉXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3135F826FFCB253CFEF5FE10FE75FE0F" box="[327,396,414,436]" country="Mexico" name="Jalisco" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="F62E601FFFCB253CFE2AFE10FE15FE08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16:F62E601FFFCB253CFE2AFE10FE15FE08" box="[408,492,414,435]" country="Mexico" latitude="20.456667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-104.77334" name="Mascota" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" stateProvince="Jalisco">Mascota</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="E2FC2FE6FFCB253CFE45FE10FD1AFE08" box="[503,739,414,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
Ca.
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFD92FE10FDACFE0F" box="[544,597,414,436]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.437376" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mi" value="4.0">4 mi.</quantity>
S of Mascota
</locationDeviation>
,
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFD5CFE10FCC5FE08" box="[750,828,414,435]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation id="78DCD1F7FFCB253CFD5CFE10FCC5FE08" box="[750,828,414,435]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="96C55003FFCB253CFC7BFE10FBADFE0F" box="[969,1108,414,436]" degrees="104" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-104.77334">104°46’24’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="874F1004FFCB253CFBD2FE10FB22FE0F" box="[1120,1243,414,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" value="1951-05-01">
<collectingDate id="970BE9ECFFCB253CFBD2FE10FB22FE0F" box="[1120,1243,414,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" value="1951-05-01">1 May 1951</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFB55FE11FEBCFE6C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCB253CFB55FE11FAA6FE08" box="[1255,1375,414,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">R. McVaugh</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCB253CFA30FE11FEFCFE63" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">D.V. Hoover</collectorName>
12211
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="2C4A8866FFCB253CFEE0FE4CFE49FE63" box="[338,432,450,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="95E0AE01FFCB253CFE08FE4CFDF3FE6C" box="[442,522,450,471]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">MEXU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BBEB654FFFCB253CFF3AFD88FF11FA3B" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="description">
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF3AFD88FB54FD6E" blockId="6.[136,1452,518,2093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFF3AFD88FE61FD9B" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, M. G. Chavez &amp; J. A. Alvarez" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,408,518,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graogramanii">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF3AFD88FE61FD9B" box="[136,408,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Asclepias graogramanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFD61FD89FC83FD9B" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1818" box="[723,890,518,545]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFD61FD89FC83FD9B" box="[723,890,518,545]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. glaucescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to its sessile and oblong to lanceolate leaves and the gynostegial corona with conspicuous hoods and its horns perpendicular or diagonal to the hoods, but differs from this taxon by its pink corolla lobes (vs. green to white in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFCE7FDC1FC04FDD3" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1818" box="[853,1021,590,617]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFCE7FDC1FC04FDD3" box="[853,1021,590,617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. glaucescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), its sessile gynostegium (vs. short to clearly stipitate gynostegium), its hoods cylindrical to oblongoid, and rarely slightly conduplicated, of the same size or smaller than the gynostegium (vs. hoods oblongoid, conduplicated and taller than the gynostegium in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFB47FD19FA62FD0B" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1818" box="[1269,1435,662,689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFB47FD19FA62FD0B" box="[1269,1435,662,689]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. glaucescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and its pink with purple in the base hoods (vs. white or yellowish in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFC34FD35FBD5FD6F" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1818" box="[902,1068,698,725]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFC34FD35FBD5FD6F" box="[902,1068,698,725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. glaucescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)..
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF0FFD50FC18FA83" blockId="6.[136,1452,518,2093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
Perennial herb
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFED4FD50FE36FD42" box="[358,463,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="cm" value="55.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="30.0">30-80 cm</quantity>
tall.
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFDB5FD51FDC4FD42" box="[519,573,735,761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Stem</emphasis>
single, cylindrical, branched, densely puberulent, internodes
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFB58FD50FA8AFD42" box="[1258,1395,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.15" metricValueMax="11.5" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="cm" value="9.15" valueMax="11.5" valueMin="6.8">6.8–11.5 cm</quantity>
long
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF3AFC8DFF2FFCA7" box="[136,214,771,796]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Leaves</emphasis>
opposite, 6–10 pairs, sessile, oblong to lanceolate, sometimes oblong, base truncate to slightly cordate, apex acute,
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFF62FCA8FEA3FCFA" box="[208,346,806,833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.149999999999999" metricValueMax="12.2" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="cm" value="9.149999999999999" valueMax="12.2" valueMin="6.1">6.1–12.2 cm</quantity>
long × (1.4)2.7–3.9(4.8) cm wide, margin entire, shortly pubescent adaxially, trichomes erect, more dense at the midvein, shortly pubescent abaxially, brochidodromous venation, 10–25 pair of veins, a pair of glandular multicellular trichomes (colleters) present in a stipular position.
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFCD0FCE0FBFAFC33" box="[866,1027,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Inflorescences</emphasis>
of 1–3 umbels adjacent to upper leaf axils, the last produced sometimes appearing terminal, on densely pubescent peduncles (4.2)5.6–9.6(13.5) cm long, bracts linear to lanceolate,
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFE00FC38FDF7FC6A" box="[434,526,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
long, caducous; umbels of (8)14–20(33) flowers on pubescent pedicels
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFA9DFC38FA52FC6A" box="[1327,1451,950,977]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0999999999999996" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="cm" value="2.0999999999999996" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.8 cm</quantity>
long.
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFF7BFC54FEF3FC4F" box="[201,266,986,1012]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Calyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF7BFC54FEF3FC4F" box="[201,266,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Calyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lobes ovate-lanceolate, reflexed, green,
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFD66FC54FCBEFC4E" box="[724,839,986,1013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="3.6" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="3.0">3–4.2 mm</quantity>
long ×
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFC12FC54FBEAFC4E" box="[928,1043,986,1013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="1.6" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2 mm</quantity>
wide, abaxially puberulent.
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFAE7FC54FA52FC4F" box="[1365,1451,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Corolla</emphasis>
lobes ovate, reflexed, pink to white-pinkish,
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFD21FC70FCEDFBA2" box="[659,788,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="cm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 cm</quantity>
long ×
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFCC4FC70FC0EFBA2" box="[886,1015,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="cm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 cm</quantity>
wide, glabrous.
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFB0FFC71FAA8FBA2" box="[1213,1361,1023,1049]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Gynostegium</emphasis>
sessile, corona composed of five purple to pink, cucullate segments (hoods) opposite the filaments, cylindrical to oblongoid, and sometimes slightly conduplicated,
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFD8AFBC8FD81FBDA" box="[568,632,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
tall in its adaxial side, apex acute, without touching the gynostegium,
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFA33FBC8FF4DFB3E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
tall in its abaxial side, acute, each hood with a digitate appendage (horn), curved, white,
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFB24FBE4FB2EFB3E" box="[1174,1239,1130,1157]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, adnate to the dorsal surface of the hood and emerging from the hood’s sinus; anthers brown,
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFC43FB00FB9BFB12" box="[1009,1122,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
long, the lateral margins with corneus, with ovate white appendages inflexed over the apex of style head, style head
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFB8EFB3CFB85FB76" box="[1084,1148,1202,1229]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
diameter, pentagonal, apex convex; pollinarium composed of a pair of pollinia
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFD61FB58FCBFFB4A" box="[723,838,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1 mm</quantity>
long, oblong-ovate, translator arms
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFB51FB58FA92FB4A" box="[1251,1387,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.8 mm</quantity>
long, linear, corpusculum
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFEDFFB74FDFBFAAE" box="[365,514,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.35">0.35–0.4 mm</quantity>
long, broadly elliptic to subcircular, black.
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFC5FFB75FBC8FAAF" box="[1005,1073,1275,1300]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fruits</emphasis>
fusiform follicles,
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long, densely puberulent, held erect on an erect stalk; seeds not observed. (
<figureCitation id="6BCA2A41FFCB253CFC3CFA90FC2AFA83" box="[910,979,1310,1336]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1384,1406]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,209,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,190,1360]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Asclepias graogramanii. A. Known distribution of A. graogramanii and morphological related species in the region of study. B. Habit. C, D. Inflorescences. E. Apis mellifera. Photographies from Naturalista by Julio Álvarez (B, C, D), and Eréndira Canales (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7850519" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7850519/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF0FFACCFF11FA3B" blockId="6.[136,1452,518,2093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF0FFACCFE1AFAE7" bold="true" box="[189,483,1346,1372]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Phenology &amp; ecology:—</emphasis>
Flowering occurs between April and July, and the fruiting in the months of May to October.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BBEB654FFFCB253CFF0FFA04FAABFA1F" box="[189,1362,1418,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF0FFA04FAABFA1F" blockId="6.[136,1452,518,2093]" box="[189,1362,1418,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF0FFA04FE09FA1F" bold="true" box="[189,496,1418,1444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Distribution &amp; habitat:—</emphasis>
The new species is endemic to
<collectingCountry id="8BE67654FFCB253CFCFEFA04FC5BFA1F" box="[844,930,1418,1444]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Mexico</collectingCountry>
and distributed in
<collectingRegion id="3135F826FFCB253CFBC6FA04FB39FA1F" box="[1140,1216,1418,1444]" country="Mexico" name="Jalisco" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="3135F826FFCB253CFB44FA04FAB7FA1F" box="[1270,1358,1418,1444]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BBEB654FFFCB253CFF0FFA20FBFAF98F" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF0FFA20FBFAF98F" blockId="6.[136,1452,518,2093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF0FFA20FE49FA73" bold="true" box="[189,432,1454,1480]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Habitat and ecology</emphasis>
:—Growing in oak-pine forest and secondary vegetation derived thereof. It can also grow in xerophytic scrub and secondary vegetation derived, as well as beside the roads. The species grows on elevations between
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFF5EFA78FE74F9AA" box="[236,397,1526,1553]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.003" metricValueMax="1.1059999999999999" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="m" value="1003.0" valueMax="1106.0" valueMin="900.0">900 to 1106 m</quantity>
a.s.l. (
<figureCitation id="6BCA2A41FFCB253CFE65FA78FDE2F9AB" box="[471,539,1526,1552]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1384,1406]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,209,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,190,1360]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Asclepias graogramanii. A. Known distribution of A. graogramanii and morphological related species in the region of study. B. Habit. C, D. Inflorescences. E. Apis mellifera. Photographies from Naturalista by Julio Álvarez (B, C, D), and Eréndira Canales (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7850519" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7850519/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). The species is visited by two different species of ants and the
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFB52FA79FA87F9AB" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1248,1406,1526,1553]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Apis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mellifera">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFB52FA79FA87F9AB" box="[1248,1406,1526,1553]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Apis mellifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bee (
<figureCitation id="6BCA2A41FFCB253CFF22F994FF1FF98F" box="[144,230,1562,1588]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1384,1406]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,209,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-25@4.[151,1436,190,1360]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Asclepias graogramanii. A. Known distribution of A. graogramanii and morphological related species in the region of study. B. Habit. C, D. Inflorescences. E. Apis mellifera. Photographies from Naturalista by Julio Álvarez (B, C, D), and Eréndira Canales (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7850519" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7850519/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
), and parasited by
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFE08F994FDCCF98F" box="[442,565,1562,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nerii">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFE08F994FDCCF98F" box="[442,565,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Aphis nerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and a milkweed bug (
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFC9FF994FC5BF98F" authorityName="Schilling" authorityYear="1829" box="[813,930,1562,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Lygaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lygaeidae</taxonomicName>
family).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BBEB654FFFCB253CFF0FF9B0FC1BF9C7" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF0FF9B0FC1BF9C7" blockId="6.[136,1452,518,2093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF0FF9B0FE9DF9E3" bold="true" box="[189,356,1598,1624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The name of the new species refers to the fictional character Graograman, a multicolored lion from Michael Ende’s novel “The Neverending Story”, due to the colorful flowers.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BBEB654FFFCB253CFF0FF908FB3CF88B" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF0FF908FB3CF88B" blockId="6.[136,1452,518,2093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF0FF908FDAAF91B" bold="true" box="[189,595,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Proposed conservation assessment</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFDE9F908FD8EF91B" bold="true" box="[603,631,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">—</emphasis>
Vulnerable (VU B1b(iii)+B2b(iii) (
<bibRefCitation id="97604B35FFCB253CFC4EF908FB7DF91B" author="IUCN Standards &amp; Petitions Subcommittee" box="[1020,1156,1670,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" refId="ref5573" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2022) Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Available from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org / resources / redlistguidelines (accessed Dec 2022)." type="url" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
)).
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFB2DF908FA55F91B" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, M. G. Chavez &amp; J. A. Alvarez" authorityYear="2023" box="[1183,1452,1670,1696]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graogramanii">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFB2DF908FA55F91B" box="[1183,1452,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Asclepias graogramanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a minimum Area of Occupancy (AOO) of
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFD2BF924FD18F97F" box="[665,737,1706,1732]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="km" value="60.0">60 km</quantity>
<superScript id="04849B8CFFCB253CFD53F924FD10F903" attach="left" box="[737,745,1706,1720]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">2</superScript>
, and an estimated Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of
<quantity id="34099B21FFCB253CFA9FF924FF55F953" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5209643" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" unit="km" value="15209.643">15,209.643 km</quantity>
<superScript id="04849B8CFFCB253CFF1EF940FF4DF967" attach="left" box="[172,180,1742,1756]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">2</superScript>
. One of its populations grows in the Zona de Protección Forestal y Refugio de Fauna Silvestre “La Primavera”. Observations by the second author (Julio Alejandro Álvarez-Ruiz) in the field point out that plant populations are scarce, but it seems to tolerate the disturbance and grows in secondary vegetation or along roads.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BBEB654FFFCB253DFF0FF8B4FDF3FE9F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253CFF0FF8B4FAC8F827" blockId="6.[136,1452,518,2093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF0FF8B4FEDFF8EF" bold="true" box="[189,294,1850,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Notes:—</emphasis>
This species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFDF5F8B5FD17F8EF" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1818" box="[583,750,1850,1877]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFDF5F8B5FD17F8EF" box="[583,750,1850,1877]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. glaucescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and usually misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFB88F8B5FA75F8EF" authority="Bentham (1849: 290)" authorityName="Bentham" authorityPageNumber="290" authorityYear="1849" box="[1082,1420,1850,1877]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elata">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFB88F8B5FB6BF8EF" box="[1082,1170,1850,1877]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. elata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="97604B35FFCB253CFB28F8B4FA75F8EF" author="Bentham, G." box="[1178,1420,1850,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="290 - 291" refId="ref4814" refString="Bentham, G. (1849) Plantas Hartwegianas imprimis Mexicanas. pp. 290 - 291." type="book chapter" year="1849">Bentham (1849: 290)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFF3AF8D1FEEDF8C3" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1887" box="[136,276,1887,1913]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macroura">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFF3AF8D1FEEDF8C3" box="[136,276,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. macroura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in herbarium specimens (
<figureCitation id="6BCA2A41FFCB253CFD87F8D0FD83F8C3" box="[565,634,1886,1912]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1867,1889]" captionTargetBox="[170,1419,209,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[151,1436,190,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Comparison between flowers and types of Asclepias graogramanii and morphological related species. 1. A. graogramanii. 2. A. elata. 3. A. glaucescens. 4. A. macroura. Photographies from Naturalista by Julio Álvarez (1a, 3a, 3b, 4b), Muny Castillo (1b), Leticia Jiménez Hernández (2a), and Emmanuel Guevara Lazcano (4a).Types of the morphological related species.A. graogramanii (R. McVaugh 12211, MEXU!) (1c). A. elata (K.T. Hartweg s.n., K!) (2c). A. glaucescens (A.J.A. Bonpland &amp; F.W.H.A. von Humboldt, 3920, P!) (3c). A. macroura (E. Palmer 344, GH!) (4c). Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7850521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7850521/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFD3CF8D0FC65F8C3" authorityName="L. O. Alvarado, M. G. Chavez &amp; J. A. Alvarez" authorityYear="2023" box="[654,924,1886,1912]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graogramanii">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFD3CF8D0FC65F8C3" box="[654,924,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">Asclepias graogramanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to those species due to its sessile and oblong to lanceolate leaves and the morphology of the gynostegial corona (
<bibRefCitation id="97604B35FFCB253CFC60F80CFB86F826" author="Woodson, R. E." box="[978,1151,1922,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" pagination="1 - 211" refId="ref6079" refString="Woodson, R. E. (1954) The North American species of Asclepias L. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 41 (1): 1 - 211." type="journal article" year="1954">Woodson 1954</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="97604B35FFCB253CFB38F80CFADCF827" author="Stevens, W. D." box="[1162,1317,1922,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" refId="ref5984" refString="Stevens, W. D. (2009) Asclepias. In: Davidse, G., Sousa, M., Knapp, S. &amp; Chiang, F. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Vol. 4. Missouri Botanical Garden, U. S. A. pp. 662 - 768." type="book" year="2009">Stevens 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCB253DFF0FF828FDF3FE9F" blockId="6.[136,1452,518,2093]" lastBlockId="7.[136,1452,158,941]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">
The new species can be separated from morphological similar taxa based on the following differences: pink corolla lobes (vs. green in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFE09F845FDEDF85F" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1849" box="[443,532,1994,2021]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elata">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFE09F845FDEDF85F" box="[443,532,1994,2021]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. elata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFDFDF845FD24F85F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1887" box="[591,733,1995,2021]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macroura">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFDFDF845FD24F85F" box="[591,733,1995,2021]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. macroura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and green to white in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFC51F845FB75F85F" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1818" box="[995,1164,1994,2021]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFC51F845FB75F85F" box="[995,1164,1994,2021]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A. glaucescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), its sessile gynostegium (vs. short to clearly stipitate gynostegium in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCB253CFD3BF861FCCBF7B3" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1818" box="[649,818,2030,2057]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="261" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFD3BF861FD63F7B2" box="[649,666,2031,2057]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCB253CFD19F860FCCBF7B3" box="[683,818,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="261">glaucescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), its hoods cylindrical to oblongoid, and rarely slightly conduplicated, of the same size or smaller than the gynostegium (vs. hoods oblongoid, conduplicated and taller than the gynostegium in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCA253DFED8FF11FDE8FF03" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1818" box="[362,529,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFED8FF11FDE8FF03" box="[362,529,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">A. glaucescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), its pink with purple in the base hoods (vs. white with green to yellowish in the base in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCA253DFF6CFF4DFECFFF67" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1849" box="[222,310,194,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elata">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFF6CFF4DFECFFF67" box="[222,310,194,221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">A. elata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, white or yellowish in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCA253DFD88FF4DFD18FF67" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1818" box="[570,737,194,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaucescens">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFD88FF4DFD18FF67" box="[570,737,194,221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">A. glaucescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and green or white in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCA253DFC54FF4DFB8AFF67" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1887" box="[998,1139,195,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macroura">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFC54FF4DFB8AFF67" box="[998,1139,195,221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">A. macroura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), its horns perpendicular or diagonal to the hoods, rested on the gynostegium (vs. horns without touching the gynostegium in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCA253DFB6FFF69FACCFEBB" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1849" box="[1245,1333,230,257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elata">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFB6FFF69FACCFEBB" box="[1245,1333,230,257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">A. elata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and erect and curved horns in
<taxonomicName id="34F14D47FFCA253DFEDFFE85FE00FE9F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1887" box="[365,505,267,293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macroura">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFEDFFE85FE00FE9F" box="[365,505,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">A. macroura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BBEB654FFFCA253DFF0FFEA0FD71FC16" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCA253DFF0FFEA0FD05FE47" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFF0FFEA0FD9EFEF3" bold="true" box="[189,615,302,328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Additional specimens examined:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="43993C99FFCA253DFDD5FEBEFF08FED7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089187302" collectionCode="MEXU" collectorName="C. G. Pringle" country="Mexico" location="Jocotepec" municipality="San Marcos" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jalisco">
<collectingCountry id="8BE67654FFCA253DFDD5FEBEFD20FEF0" box="[615,729,304,331]" name="Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">MÉXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFD5BFEA0FCBAFEF3" bold="true" box="[745,835,302,328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<collectingRegion id="3135F826FFCA253DFD5BFEA0FCC7FEF3" box="[745,830,302,328]" country="Mexico" name="Jalisco" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="F62E601FFFCA253DFCFDFEA1FC39FEF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16:F62E601FFFCA253DFCFDFEA1FC39FEF2" box="[847,960,303,329]" country="Mexico" municipality="San Marcos" name="Jocotepec" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" stateProvince="Jalisco">Jocotepec</location>
, Fields,
<collectingMunicipality id="132AACBEFFCA253DFB9AFEA0FB4FFEF2" box="[1064,1206,302,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">San Marcos</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCA253DFB74FEA1FA9EFEF3" box="[1222,1383,302,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFB74FEA1FAFAFEF2" box="[1222,1283,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">C. G</emphasis>
. Pringle
</collectorName>
4399 (
<collectionCode id="95E0AE01FFCA253DFF22FEDCFF10FED7" box="[144,233,338,364]" collectionName="MEXU" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">MEXU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="43993C99FFCA253DFF49FEDCFAF3FED7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089187307" box="[251,1290,338,365]" collectorName="J. González-Ortega" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" elevation="500" location="Cofradia de Chocolon-Xalisco" municipality="Volcan" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nayarit">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFF49FEDCFE99FED7" bold="true" box="[251,352,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<collectingRegion id="3135F826FFCA253DFF49FEDCFEA2FED7" box="[251,347,338,364]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCA253DFED5FEDCFE09FED7" box="[359,496,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Compostela</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCA253DFE49FEDCFDA8FED7" box="[507,593,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Rancho</collectorName>
de los platanitos,
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCA253DFCA9FEDCFC65FED7" box="[795,924,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
San Blas,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFC3EFEDDFC65FED7" box="[908,924,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">J</emphasis>
</collectorName>
. González-Ortega w/n (
<collectionCode id="95E0AE01FFCA253DFB17FEDCFB07FED7" box="[1189,1278,338,364]" collectionName="MEXU" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">MEXU</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="43993C99FFCA253DFAA2FEDCFC88FE2B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089187306" collectionCode="MEXU" collectorName="Jala &amp; G. Flores-Franco" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" elevation="500" location="Volcan el Ceboruco" municipality="Volcan" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nayarit">
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCA253DFAA2FEDCFAC7FED7" box="[1296,1342,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Jala</collectorName>
,
<locationDeviation id="E2FC2FE6FFCA253DFAF8FEDCFF54FE2A" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<quantity id="34099B21FFCA253DFAF8FEDCFA69FED7" box="[1354,1424,338,365]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
al NE
</locationDeviation>
de
<collectingCounty id="1A2F4E48FFCA253DFF61FEF8FEF6FE2B" box="[211,271,374,400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Jalpa</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="F62E601FFFCA253DFEAAFEF8FE0DFE2B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16:F62E601FFFCA253DFEAAFEF8FE0DFE2B" box="[280,500,374,400]" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" municipality="Volcan" name="Volcan el Ceboruco" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" stateProvince="Nayarit">Volcán el Ceboruco</location>
,
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCA253DFE4FFEF9FD3BFE2B" box="[509,706,374,401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFE4FFEF9FDEDFE2A" box="[509,532,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">G</emphasis>
. Flores-Franco
</collectorName>
1902 (
<collectionCode id="95E0AE01FFCA253DFCBEFEF8FC9CFE2B" box="[780,869,374,400]" collectionName="MEXU" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">MEXU</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="43993C99FFCA253DFCC5FEF8FEBAFE0F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089187303" collectionCode="MEXU" collectorName="R. McVaugh" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" elevation="500" location="Tepic" municipality="Volcan" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nayarit">
<locationDeviation id="E2FC2FE6FFCA253DFCC5FEF8FBD3FE2B" box="[887,1066,374,401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
Ca.
<quantity id="34099B21FFCA253DFC10FEF8FC23FE2B" box="[930,986,374,401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi.</quantity>
NW of
</locationDeviation>
<location id="F62E601FFFCA253DFB9DFEF8FB89FE2B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16:F62E601FFFCA253DFB9DFEF8FB89FE2B" box="[1071,1136,374,400]" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" municipality="Volcan" name="Tepic" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" stateProvince="Nayarit">Tepic</location>
, on grassy hills,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFA96FEF9FF37FE0F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCA253DFA96FEF9FA55FE2B" box="[1316,1452,374,400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">R. McVaugh</collectorName>
12089
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="95E0AE01FFCA253DFF6CFE14FECEFE0F" box="[222,311,410,436]" collectionName="MEXU" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">MEXU</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="43993C99FFCA253DFEFEFE14FC62FE63" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089187304" collectionCode="MEXU" collectorName="G. Flores-Franco" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" elevation="500" location="El Presidio" municipality="Volcan" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nayarit">
<location id="F62E601FFFCA253DFEFEFE14FE35FE0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16:F62E601FFFCA253DFEFEFE14FE35FE0F" box="[332,460,410,436]" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" municipality="Volcan" name="El Presidio" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" stateProvince="Nayarit">El Presidio</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="E2FC2FE6FFCA253DFE6AFE14FD99FE0F" box="[472,608,410,436]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<quantity id="34099B21FFCA253DFE6AFE14FDEBFE0F" box="[472,530,410,436]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
al SW
</locationDeviation>
del entronque de la carretera
<location id="F62E601FFFCA253DFC07FE14FB69FE0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16:F62E601FFFCA253DFC07FE14FB69FE0F" box="[949,1168,410,436]" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" municipality="Volcan" name="El Izote-Jalcocotan" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" stateProvince="Nayarit">El Izote-Jalcocotan</location>
, camino al
<location id="F62E601FFFCA253DFAA6FE14FA6CFE0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16:F62E601FFFCA253DFAA6FE14FA6CFE0F" box="[1300,1429,410,436]" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" municipality="Volcan" name="Cuarenteno" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" stateProvince="Nayarit">Cuarenteño</location>
o
<quantity id="34099B21FFCA253DFF3AFE30FF36FE62" box="[136,207,446,473]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" unit="m" value="500.0">
<elevation id="78DCD1F7FFCA253DFF3AFE30FF36FE62" box="[136,207,446,473]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
al
<locationDeviation id="E2FC2FE6FFCA253DFF43FE31FDEEFE63" box="[241,535,446,473]" location="El Rancho La Noria" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">W de El Rancho La Noria</locationDeviation>
,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFD90FE31FCDEFE63" box="[546,807,446,473]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCA253DFD90FE31FD11FE63" box="[546,744,446,473]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">G. Flores-Franco</collectorName>
3447
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="95E0AE01FFCA253DFC84FE30FC76FE63" box="[822,911,446,472]" collectionName="MEXU" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">MEXU</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="43993C99FFCA253DFC10FE30FD01FE47" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4089187305" collectionCode="MEXU" collectorName="G. Flores-Franco" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" elevation="500" location="Cofradia de Chocolon-Xalisco" municipality="Volcan" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Xalisco">
<collectingRegion id="3135F826FFCA253DFC10FE30FC03FE63" box="[930,1018,446,472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Xalisco</collectingRegion>
,
<locationDeviation id="E2FC2FE6FFCA253DFBB7FE30FB77FE62" box="[1029,1166,446,473]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<quantity id="34099B21FFCA253DFBB7FE30FBC7FE63" box="[1029,1086,446,472]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
al NW
</locationDeviation>
del entronque a
<location id="F62E601FFFCA253DFAFBFE30FE81FE47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B5887D2FFCB253DFF3AFEF8FD71FC16:F62E601FFFCA253DFAFBFE30FE81FE47" country="Mexico" county="Jalpa" municipality="Volcan" name="Cofradia de Chocolon-Xalisco" pageId="7" pageNumber="262" stateProvince="Xalisco">Cofradia de Chocolon-Xalisco</location>
,
<collectorName id="5E045312FFCA253DFE31FE6DFDB0FE47" box="[387,585,482,509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFE31FE6DFE63FE46" box="[387,410,483,509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">G</emphasis>
. Flores-Franco
</collectorName>
3499 (
<collectionCode id="95E0AE01FFCA253DFD25FE6CFD09FE47" box="[663,752,482,508]" collectionName="MEXU" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">MEXU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F34E36C4FFCA253DFF0FFD88FD71FC16" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFF0FFD88FCC3FD9B" bold="true" box="[189,826,518,544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Additional observation from Naturalista examined</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="8BE67654FFCA253DFCE9FD86FC36FD98" box="[859,975,520,547]" name="Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">MÉXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="3135F826FFCA253DFC50FD88FBCAFD9B" box="[994,1075,518,544]" country="Mexico" name="Jalisco" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Jalisco</collectingRegion>
: Mascota, E.
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFB53FD88FA52FD9B" box="[1249,1451,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Canales 3447911</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www.naturalista.mx/observations/3447911); Paisaje biocultural,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFB81FDA5FAE5FDFF" box="[1075,1308,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">F. Esparza 42674686</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www.naturalista.mx/observations/42674686). Tepic, Tepic,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFC20FDC1FB94FDD3" box="[914,1133,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">V. Luja 24009756</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www. naturalista.mx/observations/24009756). Zapopan, Bosque La Primavera,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFC7FFDFDFAEFFD37" box="[973,1302,626,655]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">J. A. Álvarez-Ruiz 22547425</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www.naturalista.mx/observations/22547425),
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFD6AFD19FBF7FD0B" box="[728,1038,662,691]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">J.A.Álvarez-Ruiz 22547427</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www.naturalista. mx/observations/22547427),
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFE62FD35FD3FFD6F" box="[464,710,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">M. Castillo 28703220</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www.naturalista.mx/observations/28703220),
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFF3AFD51FE74FD43" box="[136,397,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">V. Shalisko 11287784</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www.naturalista.mx/observations/11287784); Zona metropolitana de Guadalajara,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFE99FC8DFDC0FCA7" box="[299,569,770,797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">A. Galindo 55296707</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www.naturalista.mx/observations/55296707).
<collectingRegion id="3135F826FFCA253DFAE2FC8CFA51FCA7" box="[1360,1448,770,796]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
: Cuencas,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFF44FCA9FE3EFCFB" box="[246,455,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">Tanniae 45337944</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www.naturalista.mx/observations/45337944). Tepic, Alrededores de Tepic,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFF66FCC5FE36FCDF" box="[212,463,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">A. Türkmen 20776897</emphasis>
(Naturalista https://www.naturalista.mx/observations/20776897),
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFB05FCC5FA52FCDF" box="[1207,1451,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">N. Campos 42234168</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https://www.naturalista.mx/observations/42234168); Xalisco,
<emphasis id="C185EAD6FFCA253DFC60FCE1FB3CFC33" box="[978,1221,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="262">D. Amador 42908315</emphasis>
(Naturalista, https:// www.naturalista.mx/observations/42908315).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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