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<mods:title id="F6CBC0072CA47C52F708DB72408BD442">Reassessment of the taxonomic status of the genera Ischnocnema Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 and Oreobates Jiménez­de­la­Espada, 1872, with notes on the synonymy of Leiuperus verrucosus Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 (Anura: Leptodactylidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03E1FD46562600094E36A260FE43FD7F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5692097" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119343569" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5692097" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E1FD46562600094E36A260FE43FD7F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E1FD46562600094E36A260FE43FD7F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="C3521FDB562600084E36A260FE48F920" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF74C50562600084E36A260FC2FF9C5" blockId="6.[264,1006,1615,1676]" box="[264,1006,1615,1641]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="D0BFFB3C562600084E36A260FC2FF9C5" bold="true" box="[264,1006,1615,1641]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562600084E36A260FC2FF9C5" authority="Reinhardt and Lutken, 1862" authorityName="Reinhardt and Lutken" authorityYear="1862" box="[264,1006,1615,1641]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Eleutherodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562600084E36A260FC2FF9C5" bold="true" box="[264,1006,1615,1641]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562600084E36A260FDAEF9C5" bold="true" box="[264,623,1615,1641]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Eleutherodactylus verrucosus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084D40A260FC24F9C5" author="Reinhardt" box="[638,997,1615,1641]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" refString="Reinhardt, J. &amp; Lutken, C. (1862) Bidrag til Kundskab om Brasiliens Padder og Krybdyr. Videnskabelige Meddelelser forening i Kjobenhavn, 3, 143 - 242, 4 pls." type="journal article" year="1862">Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF74C50562600084E36A25DFE48F920" blockId="6.[264,1006,1615,1676]" box="[264,393,1650,1676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
(
<figureCitation id="137350D5562600084E2FA25DFE41F920" box="[273,384,1650,1676]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="7.[264,368,1824,1848]" captionStartId-1="8.[264,367,1277,1301]" captionTargetBox-0="[340,1246,1209,1796]" captionTargetBox-1="[517,1058,395,1262]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[340,1248,1204,1797]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[453,1134,329,1270]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Eleutherodactylus verrucosus (MNRJ 34899), adult female from Santa Teresa, State of Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Eleutherodactylus verrucosus, MNRJ 16137. Dorsal and lateral views of head; ventral views of hand and foot; scale bars represent 5 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/171645/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/171646/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Figs. 23</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3521FDB562600094E36A2EDFE43FD7F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF74C50562600084E36A2EDFCE6F975" blockId="6.[264,1322,1730,1892]" box="[264,807,1730,1753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562600084E36A2EDFCE2F975" authority="Reinhardt and Lutken, 1862" authorityName="Reinhardt and Lutken" authorityYear="1862" box="[264,803,1730,1753]" class="Amphibia" family="Brachycephalidae" genus="Leiuperus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562600084E36A2EDFE2FF975" box="[264,494,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Leiuperus verrucosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084ECBA2EDFCE2F975" author="Reinhardt" box="[501,803,1730,1753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" refString="Reinhardt, J. &amp; Lutken, C. (1862) Bidrag til Kundskab om Brasiliens Padder og Krybdyr. Videnskabelige Meddelelser forening i Kjobenhavn, 3, 143 - 242, 4 pls." type="journal article" year="1862">Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF74C50562600084E36A2CAFE0DF8B3" blockId="6.[264,1322,1730,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562600084E36A2CAFDC9F950" ID-CoL="3Q4SQ" box="[264,520,1765,1788]" class="Amphibia" family="Brachycephalidae" genus="Ischnocnema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562600084E36A2CAFDC9F950" box="[264,520,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Ischnocnema verrucosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
­
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084D1DA2CAFC99F950" author="Reinhardt" box="[547,856,1765,1788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" refString="Reinhardt, J. &amp; Lutken, C. (1862) Bidrag til Kundskab om Brasiliens Padder og Krybdyr. Videnskabelige Meddelelser forening i Kjobenhavn, 3, 143 - 242, 4 pls." type="journal article" year="1862">Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862</bibRefCitation>
; Lynch, 1971, 1972;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084B7DA2CAFE81F8B3" author="Sazima" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" refString="Sazima, I. &amp; Cardoso, A. J. (1978) Uma nova especie de Eleutherodactylus do sudeste brasileiro (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 38, 921 - 925." type="journal article" year="1978">Sazima and Cardoso, 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084E75A327FE09F8B3" author="Frost" box="[331,456,1800,1823]" pageId="6" pageNumber="52" refString="Frost, D. R. (1985) Amphibian Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographical Reference. Allen Press, Inc., and The Association of Systematic Collections, Lawrence, 732 pp." type="book" year="1985">Frost, 1985</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF74C50562600084E36A305FC9BF8ED" blockId="6.[264,1322,1730,1892]" box="[264,858,1834,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562600084E36A305FE2FF8ED" box="[264,494,1834,1857]" class="Amphibia" family="Brachycephalidae" genus="Paludicola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562600084E36A305FE2FF8ED" box="[264,494,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Paludicola verrucosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
­
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084D3AA305FD79F8ED" author="Boulenger" box="[516,696,1834,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="52" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1882) Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the Collections of the British Museum. 2 nd Ed. London, 503 pp." type="book" year="1882">Boulenger, 1882</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084DFDA305FC96F8ED" author="Nieden" box="[707,855,1834,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" refString="Nieden, F. (1923) Anura. I. Das Tierreich, 46, 1 - 584." type="journal article" year="1923">Nieden, 1923</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF74C50562600084E36A362FB7EF8C8" blockId="6.[264,1322,1730,1892]" box="[264,1215,1869,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562600084E36A362FE3BF8C8" box="[264,506,1869,1892]" class="Amphibia" family="Leiuperidae" genus="Pleurodema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562600084E36A362FE3BF8C8" box="[264,506,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Pleurodema verrucosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
­
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084D2FA362FD5AF8C8" author="Parker" box="[529,667,1869,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" refString="Parker, H. W. (1927) A revision of the frogs of the genera Pseudopaludicola, Physalaemus, and Pleurodema. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 20, 450 - 478." type="journal article" year="1927">Parker, 1927</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084D98A362FC87F8C8" author="Cochran" box="[678,838,1869,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="52" refString="Cochran, D. M. (1955) Frogs of Southeastern Brazil. United States National Museum Bulletin, 206, 423 pp." type="book" year="1955">Cochran, 1955</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084C6FA362FBD2F8C8" author="Bokermann" box="[849,1043,1869,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="52" refString="Bokermann, W. C. A. (1966) Lista Anotada das Localidades Tipo de Anfibios Brasileiros. Servico de Documentacao - RUSP, Sao Paulo, 181 pp." type="book" year="1966">Bokermann, 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562600084B20A362FB7DF8C8" author="Gorham" box="[1054,1212,1869,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="52" refString="Gorham, S. W. (1966) Liste der Rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien / Ascaphidae, Leiopelmatidae, Pipidae, Discoglossidae, Pelobatidae, Leptodactylidae, Rhinophrynidae. Das Tierreich, 85, 1 - 222." type="journal article" year="1966">Gorham, 1966</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF74C50562700094E36A533FD2EFE9F" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,445]" box="[264,751,284,307]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094E36A533FD2DFE9F" authority="Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937" authorityName="Miranda-Ribeiro" authorityYear="1937" box="[264,748,284,307]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Epsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094E36A533FE2AFE9F" box="[264,491,284,307]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Epsophus verrucosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562700094ECCA533FD2DFE9F" author="Miranda-Ribeiro" box="[498,748,284,307]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Miranda-Ribeiro, A. (1937) Alguns batrachios novos das colleccoes do Museu Nacional. O Campo, Maio, 66 - 69." type="book chapter" year="1937">Miranda­Ribeiro, 1937</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF74C50562700094E36A510FE36FE11" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,445]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094E36A510FC92FEF9" authority="Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937" authorityName="Miranda-Ribeiro" authorityYear="1937" box="[264,851,318,342]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Eleutherodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094E36A510FD85FEFA" box="[264,580,319,342]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Eleutherodactylus verrucosus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562700094D6DA511FC8AFEF9" author="Miranda-Ribeiro" box="[595,843,318,341]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Miranda-Ribeiro, A. (1937) Alguns batrachios novos das colleccoes do Museu Nacional. O Campo, Maio, 66 - 69." type="book chapter" year="1937">Miranda­Ribeiro, 1937</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
­
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562700094C57A511FBEAFEF9" author="Bokermann" box="[873,1067,318,341]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Bokermann, W. C. A. (1966) Lista Anotada das Localidades Tipo de Anfibios Brasileiros. Servico de Documentacao - RUSP, Sao Paulo, 181 pp." type="book" year="1966">Bokermann, 1966</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094E36A54DFDB6FED4" authority="Gorham, 1966" authorityName="Gorham" authorityYear="1966" box="[264,631,353,377]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Eupsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094E36A54DFE0DFED5" box="[264,460,354,377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Eupsophus versus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562700094EE7A54EFDB6FED4" author="Gorham" box="[473,631,353,376]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Gorham, S. W. (1966) Liste der Rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien / Ascaphidae, Leiopelmatidae, Pipidae, Discoglossidae, Pelobatidae, Leptodactylidae, Rhinophrynidae. Das Tierreich, 85, 1 - 222." type="journal article" year="1966">Gorham, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[substitute name for
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094C51A54DFE81FE37" authority="Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937" authorityName="Miranda-Ribeiro" authorityYear="1937" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Eupsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094C51A54DFBA4FED5" box="[879,1125,354,377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Eupsophus verrucosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562700094B4FA54EFE81FE37" author="Miranda-Ribeiro" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Miranda-Ribeiro, A. (1937) Alguns batrachios novos das colleccoes do Museu Nacional. O Campo, Maio, 66 - 69." type="book chapter" year="1937">Miranda­Ribeiro, 1937</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, preoccupied in
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094EC0A5ABFDB2FE37" box="[510,627,388,411]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Eupsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094EC0A5ABFDB2FE37" box="[510,627,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Eupsophus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094D98A5ABFBE3FE37" authority="Philippi" authorityName="Philippi" box="[678,1058,388,411]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Borborocoetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094D98A5ABFC02FE37" box="[678,963,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Borborocoetes verrucosus</emphasis>
Philippi
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094B6CA5ABFE24FE11" authority="Dumeril and Bibron" authorityName="Dumeril and Bibron" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Eupsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094B6CA5ABFAEBFE37" box="[1106,1322,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Eupsophus nodosus</emphasis>
Duméril and Bibron
</taxonomicName>
)].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF74C50562700094E36A5DEFE43FD7F" blockId="7.[264,1323,497,723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">
Additionally, we examined and compared the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094CF3A5DEFAEAFDA6" box="[973,1323,497,522]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Eleutherodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094CF3A5DEFAEAFDA6" box="[973,1323,497,522]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Eleutherodactylus verrucosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094E71A636FC6BFD9F" authority="Sazima and Cardoso" authorityName="Sazima and Cardoso" box="[335,938,537,563]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Eleutherodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juipoca">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094E71A636FD4FFD9E" box="[335,654,537,562]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Eleutherodactylus juipoca</emphasis>
Sazima and Cardoso
</taxonomicName>
(MNRJ 4103,
<typeStatus id="54F3F2F2562700094B43A636FB24FD9F" box="[1149,1253,537,563]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094E36A66EFD21FDF7" authority="Bokermann" authorityName="Bokermann" box="[264,736,577,603]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Eleutherodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="octavioi">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094E36A66EFD89FDF6" box="[264,584,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Eleutherodactylus octavioi</emphasis>
Bokermann
</taxonomicName>
(MZUSP 73670,
<typeStatus id="54F3F2F2562700094CF8A66EFBF0FDF7" box="[966,1073,577,603]" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), both species from Southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F35F0CC0562700094E99A646FE2EFD2F" box="[423,495,617,643]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and thought to be related to
<taxonomicName id="4C4837D3562700094C76A646FC2BFD2E" box="[840,1002,617,642]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Eleutherodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
<emphasis id="B93C9042562700094C76A646FC2BFD2E" box="[840,1002,617,642]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="50">E. verrucosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562700094CC5A646FB55FD2F" author="Lynch" box="[1019,1172,617,643]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Lynch, J. D. (1972) Generic partitioning of the South American leptodactylid frog genus Eupsophus Fitzinger 1843 (sensu lato). Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Science, 71, 2 - 11." type="journal article" year="1972">Lynch, 1972</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD931A1562700094B9FA646FE7DFD07" author="Sazima" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="Sazima, I. &amp; Cardoso, A. J. (1978) Uma nova especie de Eleutherodactylus do sudeste brasileiro (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 38, 921 - 925." type="journal article" year="1978">Sazima and Cardoso, 1978</bibRefCitation>
). The three species are perfectly distinguishable, and we consider them valid taxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>