130 lines
13 KiB
XML
130 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="75751303A2BAEB8C06CA94F70D04B595" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4093.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="93e50923-ac4f-4bc5-93cc-4b1e825a8c1d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="267667" ID-ZooBank="ECC66298-6885-47B3-B797-8D30AA05927F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1458633050499" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Turon, Xavier, Cañete, Juan I., Sellanes, Javier, Rocha, Rosana M. & López-Legentil, Susanna" docDate="2016" docId="03C88E54FF93FFB8FF77B04FFC03324A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4093.2.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4093 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aplidium variabile Herdman 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="162" masterDocId="FFF1F62CFF99FFB3FFE0B677FFED3076" masterDocTitle="Ascidian fauna (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of subantarctic and temperate regions of Chile" masterLastPageNumber="180" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1698185791852" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="AFEF68C54165D6B138C8F1660F3DE39E">
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<mods:title id="DDA9200C0F8289A91923977C1E73F64E">Ascidian fauna (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of subantarctic and temperate regions of Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9340E6D4BBBE3EEE49BCAE5C00E0D03D">Turon, Xavier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DF8A5B42D4A09EE4BFD71B1C9C9F3081">Cañete, Juan I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1225BE670A40AB22C30F7296ACC6ED73">Sellanes, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FFDFC25B03CB62D95B8CC8DDE13BB8F4">Rocha, Rosana M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CBCD864CDF2FDA3452BE1C6D6F0A0BED">López-Legentil, Susanna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="456B038DCDC7AABE1912425F8DA5FAD4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FDEB3E4BD965E1ACE401D4779967C453">
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<mods:date id="AC2A4C227FEB44B15BF7A4CD645ADD99">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="FBD05E5D1AE36354600014D78518F88D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5BAF6BAC4E023CBD10B1D39A6137732B">4093</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="EE60A159CB659CD764D4AD222A4C94B1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="976D124D1D1134AA2CDD5C76F3C5B651" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4093.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3B64113A593A27BE77BF291CFDDC62E6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="85B3812BAE1B170AB8EC426166EB0BBA" type="Zenodo-Dep">267667</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C88E54FF93FFB8FF77B04FFC03324A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5630315" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119208940" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5630315" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C88E54FF93FFB8FF77B04FFC03324A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88E54FF93FFB8FF77B04FFC03324A" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF93FFB9FF77B04FFEE43605" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF93FFB9FF77B04FFDB93624" blockId="10.[151,596,1592,1652]" box="[151,596,1592,1618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
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<heading id="D096882EFF93FFB9FF77B04FFDB93624" bold="true" box="[151,596,1592,1618]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF93FFB9FF77B04FFDB93624" authority="Herdman, 1886" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,596,1592,1618]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variabile">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF93FFB9FF77B04FFDB93624" bold="true" box="[151,596,1592,1618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF93FFB9FF77B04FFE953624" bold="true" box="[151,376,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Aplidium variabile</emphasis>
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(Herdman, 1886)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF93FFB9FF77B02CFEE43605" blockId="10.[151,596,1592,1652]" box="[151,265,1627,1652]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
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<figureCitation id="135A23C7FF93FFB9FF77B02CFF3A3605" box="[151,215,1627,1652]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1821,1843]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1799]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1799]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Aplidium fuegiense. A, image of a colony, B, thorax with a commensal crustacean inside; C, abdomen and postabdomen. Aplidium variabilis. D, colony; E, anterior part of a zooid; F, larva. Scale bars: A, 2 cm, B, 1 mm, C, 2 mm, D, 2 cm, E, 1 mm, F, 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267671/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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D–F
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF93FFB9FF77B0D4FED43688" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF93FFB9FF77B0D4FB0336CF" blockId="10.[151,1262,1699,1721]" box="[151,1262,1699,1721]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
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References and synonymy:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF93FFB9FE4FB0D4FD1036CF" authority="Millar (1960)" authorityName="Millar" authorityYear="1960" box="[431,765,1699,1721]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variabile">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF93FFB9FE4FB0D4FD8336CF" box="[431,622,1699,1721]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Aplidium variabile</emphasis>
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Millar (1960)
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</taxonomicName>
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p. 32; Kott (1969) p. 51; Monniot (1970) p. 331.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF93FFB9FF77B092FED43688" blockId="10.[151,1437,1765,2006]" box="[151,313,1765,1790]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">Localities: 7S.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF93FFB8FF27B17EFBE131DB" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF93FFB9FF27B17EFB1B3730" blockId="10.[151,1437,1765,2006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
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Colonies were thick encrusting forms (up to
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF93FFB9FD5DB17DFCEF3757" box="[701,770,1802,1826]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
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in diameter and
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF93FFB9FC20B17EFBE13757" box="[960,1036,1801,1826]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
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in thickness) of orange colour. The tunic is soft and free of sand. Circular or meandering systems of zooids can be seen in live material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF93FFB8FF27B126FED63081" blockId="10.[151,1437,1765,2006]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,573]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="10" pageNumber="161">
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The zooids measure up to
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF93FFB9FDE8B125FDB2371F" box="[520,607,1874,1898]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
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, of which the (partially contracted) thoraces are up to
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF93FFB9FB13B125FAD4371F" box="[1267,1337,1874,1898]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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and the abdomina
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF93FFB9FEEEB102FE8737FB" box="[270,362,1909,1934]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
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. The oral siphon has six lobes and the atrial aperture is at the level of the third stigmata row. There is a short and simple atrial languet. There were 13 stigmata rows (occasionally 14–15) with 15–18 stigmata per half row. The digestive system comprises a stomach with ca. 14 longitudinal folds (some of those facing the intestine may not be complete). There is a post-stomach, an oblique or horizontal mid-intestine marking the lower part of the digestive loop, and a long posterior intestine with a couple of proximal caeca. The intestine ends near the atrial aperture.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF92FFB8FF27B773FBE131DB" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
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There are well developed gonads in most zooids, with an ovary at some distance of the intestinal loop and male follicles loosely arranged in two or more rows. Some zooids had embryos in incubation in the peribranchial cavity, to the right of the intestine. Up to 9 embryos aligned in a row were observed (the alignment can be lost in the posterior part). The more developed embryos were fully formed larvae, with
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF92FFB8FBCCB718FB7831F1" box="[1068,1173,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
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of trunk length, three adhesive papillae, and numerous small vesicles in the anterior part of the larva.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF92FFB8FF27B7C0FC03324A" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF92FFB8FF27B7C0FC03324A" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF92FFB8FF27B7C0FED631A6" bold="true" box="[199,315,439,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">Remarks.</emphasis>
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the colonies superficially resemble those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF92FFB8FC87B7CFFC1531A6" box="[871,1016,440,464]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuegiense">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF92FFB8FC87B7CFFC1531A6" box="[871,1016,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">A. fuegiense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the tunic is softer and some characteristics, such as the number of stomach folds, are widely diverging. The larval characteristics (not observed here for
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF92FFB8FF18B477FE6E326E" box="[248,387,512,536]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuegiense">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF92FFB8FF18B477FE6E326E" box="[248,387,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="162">A. fuegiense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) are also distinctive between these species (Millar 1960). It is a circum-subantarctic species extending from the littoral zone down to
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF92FFB8FD82B453FD44324A" box="[610,681,548,573]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="162" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
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(Monniot & Monniot 1983).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |