129 lines
13 KiB
XML
129 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="36010C80A4CA83C0A1B044090F7E3B8B">Ascidian fauna (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of subantarctic and temperate regions of Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="155DBCD21947BB23113CF32D3FE5AEEB">Turon, Xavier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="378BEE2AB078D04835DF03782D86C2E6">Cañete, Juan I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2C7D86D95BC11947C93ADBD23487259B">Sellanes, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6450904B27C5CBA4A4AE3049B5031E19">Rocha, Rosana M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9C236BD565D0DA6EE1D872052914EAA0">López-Legentil, Susanna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BFF7D88BD23F8D63C007203407DF67E8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8ABC2F124D98117E22D1F3093E248291">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C1844A0E37EE5112CEB77A00F59C815C">4093</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E942BF591626CFA4975C629F58FB103C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4093.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C88E54FF8DFFA6FF77B6E0FBDF33D2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5630338" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119208954" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5630338" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C88E54FF8DFFA6FF77B6E0FBDF33D2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C88E54FF8DFFA6FF77B6E0FBDF33D2" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8DFFA7FF77B6E0FF0B30A5" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8DFFA7FF77B6E0FDED30C4" blockId="20.[151,512,151,211]" box="[151,512,151,178]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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<heading id="D096882EFF8DFFA7FF77B6E0FDED30C4" bold="true" box="[151,512,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8DFFA7FF77B6E0FDED30C4" authority="Lesson, 1830" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,512,151,178]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opuntia">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8DFFA7FF77B6E0FDED30C4" bold="true" box="[151,512,151,178]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8DFFA7FF77B6E0FEB730C7" bold="true" box="[151,346,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Polyzoa opuntia</emphasis>
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Lesson, 1830
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8DFFA7FF77B6CDFF0B30A5" blockId="20.[151,512,151,211]" box="[151,230,186,211]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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<figureCitation id="135A23C7FF8DFFA7FF77B6CDFF0B30A5" box="[151,230,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[170,1405,363,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[170,1406,361,1933]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 12. Polyzoa opuntia. A, colonies; B, zooid dissected without branchial sac (stained), inset shows magnification of gonads and endocarps on the left side. Scale bars: A, 2 cm, B, 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267679/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8DFFA6FF77B775FDFF30C6" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8DFFA7FF77B775FC0A3141" blockId="20.[151,1436,258,311]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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References and synonymy:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8DFFA7FE56B775FCEB316E" authority="Lesson (1830b)" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1830" box="[438,774,258,280]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opuntia">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8DFFA7FE56B775FDB0316E" box="[438,605,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Polyzoa opuntia</emphasis>
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Lesson (1830b)
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</taxonomicName>
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p. 437; Van Name (1945) p. 236; Kott (1969) p. 100; Monniot (1970) p. 344;
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8DFFA7FEBDB756FD3D3141" authority="Van Name (1945)" authorityName="Van Name" authorityYear="1945" box="[349,720,289,311]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8DFFA7FEBDB756FDFA3141" box="[349,535,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Polyzoa reticulata</emphasis>
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Van Name (1945)
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</taxonomicName>
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p. 237; Kott (1969) p. 102.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF1E6FCAFF8DFFA7FF77B1D2FCA537AC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267679/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" targetBox="[170,1405,363,1912]" targetPageId="20">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8DFFA7FF77B1D2FCA537AC" blockId="20.[151,1436,1957,2010]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8DFFA7FF77B1D2FECC37CC" bold="true" box="[151,289,1957,1979]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8DFFA7FEC9B1D2FE3D37CD" box="[297,464,1957,1979]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opuntia">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8DFFA7FEC9B1D2FE3D37CD" box="[297,464,1957,1979]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Polyzoa opuntia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A, colonies; B, zooid dissected without branchial sac (stained), inset shows magnification of gonads and endocarps on the left side. Scale bars: A, 2 cm, B, 1 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8CFFA6FF77B6E0FDFF30C6" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,933]" box="[151,530,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Localities: 1S, 2S, 4S, 7S, 8S, 9S.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8CFFA6FF27B6CBFCB33363" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8CFFA6FF27B6CBFD6631DB" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
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This colonial species is very abundant on the artificial substrates surveyed in the Punta Arenas zone. Typically, it forms stalked colonies up to
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF8CFFA6FE1AB697FDAD3081" box="[506,576,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
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in length and of different shapes, the larger ones being normally elongated and flattened, the smaller cylindrical or simply conical. The colour in general is reddish, although a yellow form has also been found in Cabo Negro docks (locality 7S). In the colonies the zooids are united forming a compact mass where the zooids are encased. Convex protuberances with siphons mark the different zooids from the outside. However, the species can also form investing colonies with zooids clustered closely together, or with zooids completely separated linked only by stolons.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8CFFA6FF27B7C0FCB33363" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
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Each cylindrical zooid can measure up to
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<quantity id="4C9992A7FF8CFFA6FD77B7CFFD0B31B9" box="[663,742,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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in length, with the siphons at the apical end and, in the case of compact colonies, one or two stolons at the basal end entering the common tunic. Internally there are ca. 25 welldeveloped simple tentacles with intervening smaller ones. The aperture of the neural gland is an oblique slit. The branchial sac has 8 longitudinal vessels on each side and up to ten stigmata per mesh. The digestive forms a simple loop without secondary curvature. The stomach is folded, with a curved pyloric caecum. At the level of the caecum a strand of tissue connects the stomach with the intestine, bridging the primary loop. There is a row of hermaphrodite gonads at both sides of the endostyle (10–12 on the right, 6–8 on the left). The gonads are elongated, with a basal testis and some oocytes on top. There is a terminal female opening and a subterminal male papilla forming a slender tube. The right row of gonads curves anteriorly and dorsally in the posterior part of the body. Small endocarps are scattered at both sides of the mantle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6CC9FF8CFFA6FF27B568FBDF33D2" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDE3F42FF8CFFA6FF27B568FBDF33D2" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8CFFA6FF27B568FED6334E" bold="true" box="[199,315,799,824]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Remarks.</emphasis>
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the variability of colonial shapes, from clearly separated zooids to compact stalked colonies, is a characteristic of this species. The stolonial form with separate zooids has been known as
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<taxonomicName id="4C6144C1FF8CFFA6FB29B533FEB733F6" authority="Herdman, 1886" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1886" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyzoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">
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<emphasis id="B915E350FF8CFFA6FB29B533FA71332A" box="[1225,1436,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Polyzoa reticulata</emphasis>
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(Herdman, 1886)
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</taxonomicName>
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, but it was later revealed to be the same species (Monniot & Monniot 1978, 1983). It is abundant in the Magellan region and the
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<collectingCountry id="F3767FD2FF8CFFA6FE15B5FBFD7A33D3" box="[501,663,908,933]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">South Georgia</collectingCountry>
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Islands (Monniot & Monniot 1983).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |