315 lines
36 KiB
XML
315 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="5C01A820521C7D5C80D726A64E1BBC5C" ID-CLB-Dataset="29741" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4443.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fb772898-fe24-438e-9a4a-1a98c5b393a8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305628" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8CF7D069-783C-4D20-8A10-6987529AB4BE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1530775745819" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chris J. Hodgson & Douglas J. Williams" docDate="2018" docId="03A687D07B5A0322EEA8FC8CFED7FAA8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4443.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4443 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Discochiton luzonicum, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FF9FFFA87B780306EE3FFFACFFC6FFFD" masterDocTitle="Revision of the soft scale genus Paralecanium (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) with the introduction of three new genera and twenty new species" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1698552844880" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="4D59C84DF06245B6D527678EF7AD16C0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B6B77E9556992DC18E8E65192FC69349">
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<mods:title id="637ED23AA17C5119A582C9C64873D0AE">Revision of the soft scale genus Paralecanium (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) with the introduction of three new genera and twenty new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="71F015FF0AEDCF45797E221E2EFABB55" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="921EF3AFC2DDA0EB3855DA3DF42FD56C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3430D3532826821484D9D12C2C1BF13A">Chris J. Hodgson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0EA798B924E4AA688DE5D15B37A079D6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="72E5EEEDCD3CFA230486A8FE70F3711F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6BAF011B595254F2EEA3052A691EA0AE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AA9E6507B7248A0A7B5561285AA0FE7D">Douglas J. Williams</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A6627644930D201CEBC5C52C36BC62AB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F8A656067EE07BB0F925A1634F4AAB1C">
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<mods:title id="403621D0DA0770D2083A2F08297F7CDB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3949AEE1665C0F8CA2CFA0A6FDA7B438">
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<mods:date id="870488AAC1D18007B2A588657C4244C6">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DDA1D2BB1356FA8A8747EF9379E466A5" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="2D350805263A47C1D6A6438FF8881D58">2018-07-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="E19B40FBC0ECD164AB7F792C0D3FF54D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A6B01163737703F93968639C2831D1F3">4443</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="1B498901A72666A1FD821A1265EE4E6D" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="00996479AE01BA1CAA1DADAF9A7EA326">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="8B6C601C0A70EB5EF616FC0E09F82281">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="17FD957E161A0202AFA002668695451C">162</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="7504B61F7870BE8C5812BE5512AFFA3B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BDE4A88220375BB60345916137A1BF49" type="CLB-Dataset">29741</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="379903070DC58A6997BE37D835D0198D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4443.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C67A521B070F39DD880DF7C1C68D8433" type="GBIF-Dataset">fb772898-fe24-438e-9a4a-1a98c5b393a8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="02AF0AAD7E65E98B4E6F4D212789FEE0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BE40329651DFCC598242D5593B674949" type="Zenodo-Dep">1305628</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="82FD9AC50EA8C0BB060AF193A44618B2" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8CF7D069-783C-4D20-8A10-6987529AB4BE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A687D07B5A0322EEA8FC8CFED7FAA8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5981454" ID-GBIF-Taxon="146071273" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5981454" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687D07B5A0322EEA8FC8CFED7FAA8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687D07B5A0322EEA8FC8CFED7FAA8" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection id="C315654D7B5A0324EEA8FC8CFF3EFCA6" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5A0324EEA8FC8CFD75FCC7" blockId="34.[151,691,800,859]" box="[151,691,800,826]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<heading id="D0F881AA7B5A0324EEA8FC8CFD75FCC7" bold="true" box="[151,691,800,826]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EEA8FC8CFD75FCC7" bold="true" box="[151,691,800,826]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EEA8FC8CFD86FCC7" authority="(Cockerell)" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[151,576,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EEA8FC8CFE68FCC7" bold="true" box="[151,430,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Discochiton luzonicum</emphasis>
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(Cockerell)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24857AF7B5A0324EC77FC8CFD75FCC7" box="[584,691,800,826]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5A0324EEA8FCEEFF3EFCA6" blockId="34.[151,691,800,859]" box="[151,248,834,859]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13342A437B5A0324EEA0FCEEFF29FCA6" box="[159,239,834,859]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[188,1379,222,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[173,1413,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 11. Discochiton luzonicum (Cockerell), adult female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1305650/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C315654D7B5A0324EEA8FC26FBDFFC23" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5A0324EEA8FC26FB29FC42" blockId="34.[151,1437,906,990]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EEA8FC26FD87FC5D" ID-CoL="4CY9B" authority="Cockerell, 1914" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,577,906,928]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paralecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">
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<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EEA8FC26FE53FC5D" box="[151,405,906,928]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Paralecanium luzonicum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B377B5A0324EFA3FC26FD87FC5D" box="[412,577,906,928]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref102439" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1914) Descriptions and records of Coccidae. II. Non-diaspine subfamilies. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, New York, 23, 331 - 335." type="journal article">Cockerell, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 333.
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<typeStatus id="54B488647B5A0324EC40FC27FD77FC5D" box="[639,689,907,928]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
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data:
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<collectingCountry id="F31876567B5A0324ECCEFC26FC4CFC5D" box="[753,906,906,928]" name="Philippines" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
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: Los Baños, on
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EA11FC26FB26FC5D" ID-CoL="8X3C4" box="[1070,1248,906,928]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Plectronia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EA11FC26FB26FC5D" box="[1070,1248,906,928]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Plectronia viridis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<typeStatus id="54B488647B5A0324EAD9FC26FA83FC5D" box="[1254,1349,906,928]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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, female.
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<typeStatus id="54B488647B5A0324EEF8FC06FF3FFC42" box="[199,249,938,959]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
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depository: BMNH, London,
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<collectingCountry id="F31876567B5A0324EC14FC05FD44FC42" box="[555,642,937,959]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">England</collectingCountry>
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, U.K; and USNM,
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<collectingRegion id="49CBF8247B5A0324ED7AFC05FC06FC42" box="[837,960,937,959]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Washington</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49CBF8247B5A0324EDF5FC05FB59FC42" box="[970,1183,937,959]" country="United States of America" name="District of Columbia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">District of Columbia</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F31876567B5A0324EA96FC05FB29FC42" box="[1193,1263,937,959]" name="United States of America" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5A0324EEA8FC64FBDFFC23" blockId="34.[151,1437,906,990]" box="[151,1049,968,990]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EEA8FC64FE01FC23" ID-CoL="4KQYQ" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[151,455,968,990]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Podoparalecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">
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<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EEA8FC64FE01FC23" box="[151,455,968,990]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Podoparalecanium luzonicum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B377B5A0324EFEBFC65FD20FC23" box="[468,742,968,990]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref104757" refString="Tao, C. C. C., Wong, C. Y & Chang, Y. C. (1983) Monograph of Coccidae of Taiwan, Republic of China (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Journal of Taiwan Museum, 36, 57 - 107." type="journal article">Tao, Wong & Chang, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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, 100. Change of combination.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C315654D7B5A0324EEA8FBA6FF0CFA53" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5A0324EEA8FBA6FD26FB4E" blockId="34.[151,1437,1034,2031]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EEA8FBA6FD0CFBDE" bold="true" box="[151,714,1034,1059]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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||
Material examined.
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||
<typeStatus id="54B488647B5A0324EFB5FBA6FE2DFBDE" box="[394,491,1034,1059]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
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ff:
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<collectingCountry id="F31876567B5A0324EC28FBA6FD0CFBDE" box="[535,714,1034,1059]" name="Philippines" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: left label:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324ED70FBA6FC21FBDE" box="[847,999,1034,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paralecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paralecanium</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EA3FFBA6FBB0FBDE" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1024,1142,1034,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Podoparalecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">luzonicum</taxonomicName>
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/ Ckll /
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<typeStatus id="54B488647B5A0324EAE7FBA7FAD6FBDE" box="[1240,1296,1035,1059]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
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/ BM 1931, 203; right label:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EF6EFB82FE2FFBBA" box="[337,489,1070,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paralecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paralecanium</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EFC0FB82FDB3FBBA" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[511,629,1070,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Podoparalecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">luzonicum</taxonomicName>
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/
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<typeStatus id="54B488647B5A0324ECB4FB83FD05FBBA" box="[651,707,1071,1095]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
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Ckll / Los Baños, P.I. / (Baker) / on Alectronia
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EAE5FB82FAE7FBBA" box="[1242,1313,1070,1095]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Plectronia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridis">
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<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EAE5FB82FAE7FBBA" box="[1242,1313,1070,1095]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">viridis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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[see under Host-plants below] / B.M. 1931, 203 (
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<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B5A0324EC71FBFFFD6FFB96" box="[590,681,1107,1131]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BMNH</collectionCode>
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||
): 1/2adff (fp, labelled Luzon, Los Baños, on sleeve).
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||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EB32FBFEFA5AFB96" bold="true" box="[1293,1436,1106,1131]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B5A0324EB32FBFEFA51FB96" box="[1293,1431,1106,1131]" name="Philippines" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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:
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</emphasis>
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bottom label:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EF0DFBDAFE0CFB72" box="[306,458,1142,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paralecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paralecanium</taxonomicName>
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/
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EFE0FBDAFD93FB72" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[479,597,1142,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Podoparalecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">luzonicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Ckll / on
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324ECEDFBDAFC90FB72" box="[722,854,1142,1167]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Tetrastigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="34" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tetrastigma</taxonomicName>
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sp. / Los Baños /
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||
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B5A0324EA22FBDAFB5DFB72" box="[1053,1179,1142,1167]" name="Philippines" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
/ C.F. Baker (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B5A0324EB09FBDBFA57FB72" box="[1334,1425,1143,1167]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
): 1/3adff (f-g, but venter mostly somewhat damaged).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5A0324EEF8FB12FC57FAE2" blockId="34.[151,1437,1034,2031]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EEF8FB12FD5FFB2A" bold="true" box="[199,665,1214,1239]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Other material.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B5A0324EFB4FB12FDE5FB2A" box="[395,547,1214,1239]" name="Malaysia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B5A0324EC0FFB12FD5FFB2A" box="[560,665,1214,1239]" name="Malaysia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF8247B5A0324EC0FFB12FD5FFB2A" box="[560,665,1214,1239]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
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||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, no other site data, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EDA0FB13FC18FB2B" box="[927,990,1215,1238]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EDA0FB13FC18FB2B" box="[927,990,1215,1238]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Piper</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324EA2AFB12FB53FB2A" authorityName="" authorityYear="1792" box="[1045,1173,1214,1239]" family="Piperaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="family">Piperaceae</taxonomicName>
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||
), C.R. Wallace ~ 4391, (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B5A0324EEA1FB4FFF31FB06" box="[158,247,1251,1275]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B5A0324EF3DFB4FFEE9FB06" box="[258,303,1251,1275]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CIE</collectionCode>
|
||
8392-18905): 1/1adf (g).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EC6DFB4EFD7AFB06" bold="true" box="[594,700,1250,1275]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B5A0324EC6DFB4EFD7AFB06" box="[594,700,1250,1275]" name="Malaysia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF8247B5A0324EC6DFB4EFD7AFB06" box="[594,700,1250,1275]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, as previous, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5A0324ED46FB48FB76FB06" authority=", C. R. Wallace" authorityName="C.R. Wallace" box="[889,1200,1250,1275]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324ED46FB48FBC9FB06" box="[889,1039,1252,1275]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Piper nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
, C.R. Wallace
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
#2880 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B5A0324EB34FB4FFAA2FB06" box="[1291,1380,1251,1275]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B5A0324EB50FB4FFA5AFB06" box="[1391,1436,1251,1275]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">CIE</collectionCode>
|
||
8387-18905): 2/3adff (p, missing venters) + an unidentified species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5A0324EEF8FA87FB78FA9B" blockId="34.[151,1437,1034,2031]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Note. The description is based on all five
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B488647B5A0324ECA6FA87FD36FABE" box="[665,752,1323,1347]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens. No
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B488647B5A0324ED9CFA86FBCFFABE" box="[931,1033,1322,1347]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was designated because of the poor state of these specimens. Another
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B488647B5A0324EC29FAE3FDABFA9A" box="[534,621,1359,1383]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
slide is present in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B5A0324ED01FAE3FC49FA9A" box="[830,911,1359,1383]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
(not seen) but is also poor.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5A0324EEF8FADEFF0CFA53" blockId="34.[151,1437,1034,2031]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EEF8FADEFDDFFA76" bold="true" box="[199,537,1394,1419]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Slide-mounted adult female.</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval, slightly more pointed anteriorly. Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B237B5A0324EA54FADEFB33FA77" box="[1131,1269,1394,1419]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="4.15" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.8">3.8–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF79B237B5A0324EB77FADFFF00FA53" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="3.1">3.1–3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315654D7B5A0322EEF8FA10FCD9FC11" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5A0322EEF8FA10FADFFEE0" blockId="34.[151,1437,1034,2031]" lastBlockId="36.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5A0324EEF8FA10FEEFFA2E" box="[199,297,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Dorsum.</emphasis>
|
||
Dermal ornamentation: derm membranous when young but becoming rather uniformly sclerotised medially and submedially on more mature specimens; on mature specimens, derm almost membranous marginally but with faint oval areolations extending into sclerotised areas of submargin, these rapidly becoming scarce more medially; narrow areolations with long axes parallel to margin not noted. A sparse polygonal pattern present, shown most obviously by distribution of dorsal setae and pores. Marginal radial lines indistinct, as follows (barely visible on immature specimens):
|
||
<date id="FFB110067B5A0324EC29F9C3FD9DF97A" box="[534,603,1647,1671]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="2013-01-01">1 1–13</date>
|
||
lines anteriorly between anterior stigmatic clefts, each side with 5 lines between clefts and 11 or 12 on abdomen; broader long rays from each stigmatic cleft present but each rather narrow; otherwise, derm without patternation. Abdominal clear areas numbering 4 (5 on one specimen) pairs, plus a further clear area just anterior to inner margin of each anterior stigmatic ray. Dorsal setae each more or less parallel-sided with a bluntly pointed apex but sometimes apex slightly clavate, each seta 7–9 µm long; most frequent along each marginal radial line but also extending well onto dorsum, not intermingling with dorsal pores; absent medially. Preopercular pores slightly oval, each with distinct micropores, present as follows: CA1–CA3 mostly each with 0 (rarely 1), CA4 with 28–34 pores. Other dorsal pores of two sizes: (i) larger pores, each situated in a less sclerotised area of derm 5–8 µm wide; present sparsely throughout submedial and medial areas, apparently part of a sparse polygonal pattern, and (ii) small simple pores represented by smaller clear spots in derm, each about 2 µm wide, tending to be more random than larger dorsal pores; other, possibly similar pores but less distinct, sparse close to margin, each about 1.5 µm wide. Anal plates each with a sharp angle on outer margin; each plate with 2–4 small pores medially and 3 or 4 small setae near apex; length of each plate 235–240 µm, width of both plates combined 145–155 µm. Anogenital fold with two pairs of small setae along anterior margin, each lateral margin with 1 seta anteriorly and another posteriorly. Anal ring with 3 pairs of setae, longest seta about 340 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF70664E7B5B0325EEA8F80DFCDEF84A" box="[151,792,1953,1975]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1305650/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[151,250,1953,1975]" targetBox="[188,1379,222,1912]" targetPageId="35">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5B0325EEA8F80DFCDEF84A" blockId="35.[151,792,1953,1975]" box="[151,792,1953,1975]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5B0325EEA8F80DFED8F84A" bold="true" box="[151,286,1953,1975]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5B0325EF1BF80DFD4FF84A" authority="(Cockerell)" authorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[292,649,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5B0325EF1BF80DFDCBF84A" box="[292,525,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Discochiton luzonicum</emphasis>
|
||
(Cockerell)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5C0322EEF8FE85FC3CFE08" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EEF8FE85FEE4FEBD" box="[199,290,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Margin.</emphasis>
|
||
Marginal ornamentation: short castellations, each with short radial lines or ridges. Marginal setae broadly fan-shaped; width of each fan 25–40 µm, length 28–40 µm; with about 108–130 setae anteriorly between anterior stigmatic clefts, each side with 43–56 between stigmatic clefts, and 82–123 along abdominal margin. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with a sclerotised inner margin and with 3 or 4 rather parallel-sided stigmatic spines; median spine longest, 35–55 µm long, each lateral spine 20–35 µm long. Eyespots each more or less circular; with socket about 28 µm at its widest, diameter of lens about 13 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5C0322EEF8FDADFCD9FC11" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EEF8FDADFED6FDE5" box="[199,272,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Venter.</emphasis>
|
||
Membranous, apparently without marginal band. Multilocular disc-pores abundant around genital opening and on preceding two segments only, each side with 23–27 on segment VII, 19–22 on segment VI and 2–7 on segment V. Spiracular disc-pores present in a narrow band about 1 pore wide between margin and each spiracle, with 17–30 pores in each band; pores sparse medially in each posterior band. Ventral microducts very small, present in a group just posterior to mouthparts; otherwise not detected. Ventral setae: with 2 pairs of interantennal setae; a pair of long pregenital setae on abdominal segments VII, 2 or 3 pairs on VI and 1 pair on V; also with a group of long setae on either side of anal opening, each group with 1–5 setae, each seta about 65–75 µm long; submarginal setae few and minute; other setae very sparse. Antennae each with perhaps 6 segments but apical 3 segments fused on all available antennae; total length about 165 µm; apical seta short, about 25 µm long. Clypeolabral shield small, 100–105 µm long. Spiracles: width of each peritreme 40–42 µm. Legs reduced, with tibia and tarsus fused on most available legs; dimensions of hind leg segments (µm): coxa 100–105, trochanter + femur 160–165, tibia+ tarsus 185–190; claw about 13; tarsal digitules subequal in length to claw digitules, with capitate apices; claw digitules both broad; claw without a denticle. Setal distribution on hind leg: coxa 4; trochanter 1, quite long; femur 1; tibia 0 and tarsus with 3 or 4 setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C315654D7B5C0322EEF8FC5BFED7FAA8" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5C0322EEF8FC5BFC0CFB81" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EEF8FC5BFE89FBED" bold="true" box="[199,335,1015,1040]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EF8EFC5BFDFEFBED" box="[433,568,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EF8EFC5BFDFEFBED" box="[433,568,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Discochiton</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, only adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322ED1FFC55FC7FFBED" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[800,953,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322ED1FFC55FC7FFBED" box="[800,953,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">D. luzonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EDC8FC55FB62FBED" box="[1015,1188,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EDC8FC55FB62FBED" box="[1015,1188,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">D. trifasciatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have well-developed legs. They can be separated fairly easily as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322ECBBFBB1FCDCFBC8" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[644,794,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322ECBBFBB1FCDCFBC8" box="[644,794,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">D. luzonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the preopercular pores restricted to CA4 whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EBBEFBB1FED8FBA5" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EBBEFBB1FED8FBA5" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">D. trifasciatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has them associated with CA2–CA4 or CA3 and CA4. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EA2BFBEDFB6FFBA5" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1044,1193,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luzonicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EA2BFBEDFB6FFBA5" box="[1044,1193,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">D. luzonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has hair-like setae on antennal segments IV and V whereas these are absent on
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322ED26FBC9FC0CFB81" box="[793,970,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322ED26FBC9FC00FB81" box="[793,966,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciatum">D. trifasciatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B5C0322EEF8FB2BFED7FAA8" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EEF8FB2BFE9EFB5D" bold="true" box="[199,344,1159,1184]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Host-plants.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EF5DFB2BFD07FB5D" box="[354,705,1159,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Plectronia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EF5DFB2BFDEEFB5D" box="[354,552,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Plectronia viridis</emphasis>
|
||
(Oliniaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322ECF0FB25FC92FB5D" box="[719,852,1161,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Tetrastigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322ECF0FB25FC92FB5D" box="[719,852,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tetrastigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EDB0FB2BFC35FB5D" authorityName="" authorityYear="1789" box="[911,1011,1159,1184]" family="Vitaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EA3BFB25FAE5FB5D" box="[1028,1315,1159,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EA3BFB25FB4EFB5D" box="[1028,1160,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Piper nigra</emphasis>
|
||
(Piperaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, note that
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EF3FFB00FEB3FB38" box="[256,373,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Alectronia</emphasis>
|
||
(as recorded on the BMNH slide), does not exist and the host name has clearly been misspelt. It is correctly labelled as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EF80FB63FD43FB15" box="[447,645,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Plectronia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EF80FB63FD43FB15" box="[447,645,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Plectronia viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the USNM slide, which is listed in the International Plant Name Index (IPNI) but as an unresolved name. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B377B5C0322ECDEFB58FBE5FAF0" box="[737,1059,1268,1293]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref102772" refString="Garcia Morales, M., Denno, B. D., Miller, D. R., Miller, G. L., Ben-Dov, Y., & Hardy, N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: https: // data. nal. usda. gov / dataset / scalenet-scaleinsects-coccoidea-database (accessed 7 May 2018)" type="journal article">
|
||
García Morales
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EDA8FB59FC17FAF0" box="[919,977,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have it as
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EAA0FB58FAD2FAF0" box="[1183,1300,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Alectronia</emphasis>
|
||
[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EB19FB58FA54FAF0" box="[1318,1426,1268,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Alectryon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EB19FB58FA54FAF0" box="[1318,1426,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Alectryon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] but IPNI indicates no species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EFCCFABBFDFCFACD" box="[499,570,1303,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Plectronia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EFCCFABBFDFCFACD" box="[499,570,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322ECE4FABBFC8EFACD" box="[731,840,1303,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Alectryon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322ECE4FABBFC8EFACD" box="[731,840,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Alectryon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Also:
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322ED96FABBFB1AFACD" bold="true" box="[937,1244,1303,1328]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Unconfirmed host record</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EAD2FAB5FAA9FACD" box="[1261,1391,1305,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Tetrastigma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B5C0322EAD2FAB5FAA9FACD" box="[1261,1391,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tetrastigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B5C0322EEA1FA90FEC3FAA8" authorityName="" authorityYear="1789" box="[158,261,1340,1365]" family="Vitaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Vitales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |