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<document id="44235D78E8A00326C9ADEAAAEAF7FCFD" ID-CLB-Dataset="29741" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4443.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fb772898-fe24-438e-9a4a-1a98c5b393a8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305628" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8CF7D069-783C-4D20-8A10-6987529AB4BE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1530775745819" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chris J. Hodgson &amp; Douglas J. Williams" docDate="2018" docId="03A687D07B570337EEA8FE84FAFEFC59" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4443.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4443 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Discochiton milleri Takahashi, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FF9FFFA87B780306EE3FFFACFFC6FFFD" masterDocTitle="Revision of the soft scale genus Paralecanium (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) with the introduction of three new genera and twenty new species" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698552844880" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DF34C743A6B284CA4620C7BA78F18B76">Revision of the soft scale genus Paralecanium (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) with the introduction of three new genera and twenty new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4FDD94237B3D5DC73D044E84A14F60F5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="24A95AD5B08B1291D356DA654E9A628E">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CFF659D3FCB55DC99F4B54CAC6B32C2D">Chris J. Hodgson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C2D21D63F6EC5775746E57EFB464D862" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9CF4C821973D7D3227E1492F21B21793">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="53689239D50F976274D970869986C029">Douglas J. Williams</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="864DF5A0F521DCEB0D6FFD1DF400F812">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="2F370445986F5C6D3956D829572B770E">
<mods:title id="00A21D76B7D29D19163B1B4F90AFF248">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D51845310E8BD16620F5FB2B678378D7">
<mods:date id="8B88391DF6D1C6A0F0D2E370649CC759">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FA472468FB8ED846B83791AD1873767F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="3CB2305BE4504F74EABAE4E907C38A41">2018-07-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C2690E02550C9A1C0EE37BDE2D78C81A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="681B538BA4C35A86581EC48FAA6D29DE">4443</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="34F97A3233272BC9ECB3F63CF4C422EF" type="issue">
<mods:number id="D34B43EF92D11C2CAAC2CCFB79FF95F8">1</mods:number>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="2C6FAAD09B511762062C8C8F9AA5A3CE">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D40F33C50DC9F2817C726D292F6EC91C" type="CLB-Dataset">29741</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="61A19116921A1DF346D452C6D91872E7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4443.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BACF81E6E128F3EFC8AC33EAF6950561" type="GBIF-Dataset">fb772898-fe24-438e-9a4a-1a98c5b393a8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9F137F97013795CD3786C899A2548DF7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6D268D22919D8B6CFC6FA26E9ED79FC0" type="Zenodo-Dep">1305628</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5E6DD93B7A7DCBB5996E8EA539C712E3" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8CF7D069-783C-4D20-8A10-6987529AB4BE</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03A687D07B570337EEA8FE84FAFEFC59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5981464" ID-GBIF-Taxon="146071271" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5981464" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687D07B570337EEA8FE84FAFEFC59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687D07B570337EEA8FE84FAFEFC59" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection id="C315654D7B570329EEA8FE84FF3FFE9E" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEA8FE84FDBCFEBF" blockId="47.[151,634,296,355]" box="[151,634,296,322]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="D0F881AA7B570329EEA8FE84FDBCFEBF" bold="true" box="[151,634,296,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEA8FE84FDBCFEBF" bold="true" box="[151,634,296,322]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EEA8FE84FDC1FEBF" authority="Takahashi" authorityName="Takahashi" box="[151,519,296,322]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milleri" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEA8FE84FEB9FEBF" bold="true" box="[151,383,296,322]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Discochiton milleri</emphasis>
Takahashi
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24857AF7B570329EC30FE84FDBCFEBF" box="[527,634,296,322]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEA8FEE6FF3FFE9E" blockId="47.[151,634,296,355]" box="[151,249,330,355]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
(
<figureCitation id="13342A437B570329EEA0FEE6FF37FE9E" box="[159,241,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[177,1393,210,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[163,1424,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 16. Discochiton milleri (Takahashi), adult female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1305660/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C315654D7B570329EEA8FE3EFCA6FE1B" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEA8FE3EFD78FE3A" blockId="47.[151,1437,402,486]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EEA8FE3EFDE7FE55" ID-CoL="4CY9N" authority="Takahashi, 1939" authorityName="Takahashi" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,545,402,424]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paralecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milleri">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEA8FE3EFEB4FE55" box="[151,370,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Paralecanium milleri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B377B570329EF47FE3EFDE7FE55" box="[376,545,402,424]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref104472" refString="Takahashi, R. (1939) Descriptions of three Malayan Coccidae (Hemiptera). Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa, 29, 111 - 118." type="journal article">Takahashi, 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 114.
<typeStatus id="54B488647B570329EC60FE3FFD57FE55" box="[607,657,403,424]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
data:
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B570329ECEDFE3EFC9FFE55" box="[722,857,402,424]" name="Malaysia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49CBF8247B570329ED5CFE3EFC3CFE55" box="[867,1018,402,424]" country="Malaysia" name="Kuala Lumpur" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Kuala Lumpur</collectingRegion>
, on
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EA18FE3FFB1FFE55" box="[1063,1241,403,424]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="muricata">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EA18FE3FFB1FFE55" box="[1063,1241,403,424]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Annona muricata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54B488647B570329EAD9FE3EFA83FE55" box="[1254,1349,402,424]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
, female.
<typeStatus id="54B488647B570329EEF8FE1EFF3FFE3A" box="[199,249,434,455]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
depository: BMNH, London,
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B570329EC14FE1DFD44FE3A" box="[555,642,433,455]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">England</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B570329ECB3FE1EFD78FE3A" box="[652,702,434,455]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">U.K.</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEA8FE7CFCA6FE1B" blockId="47.[151,1437,402,486]" box="[151,864,464,486]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EEA8FE7CFEABFE1B" ID-CoL="4CY9P" authorityName="Tang" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,365,464,486]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paralecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milleti">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEA8FE7CFEABFE1B" box="[151,365,464,486]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Paralecanium milleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B377B570329EF44FE7DFE29FE1B" box="[379,495,464,486]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref104731" refString="Tang, F. T. (1991) [The Coccidae of China]. Shanxi United Universities Press, Taiyuan, 377 pp." type="book">Tang, 1991</bibRefCitation>
, 131. Misspelling of species epithet.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C315654D7B570329EEA8FDBEFD93FCFE" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEA8FDBEFE61FD8E" blockId="47.[151,1437,530,2031]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<materialsCitation id="3B673C9B7B570329EEA8FDBEFE41FDB2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1872522520" collectingDate="1927-09-22" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="G. H. Corbett" country="Malaysia" location="Material" municipality="Sepang" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEA8FDBEFDDBFDD6" bold="true" box="[151,541,530,555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<location id="8ED0601D7B570329EEA8FDBEFF39FDD6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687D07B570337EEA8FE84FAFEFC59:8ED0601D7B570329EEA8FDBEFF39FDD6" box="[151,255,530,555]" country="Malaysia" municipality="Sepang" name="Material" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Material</location>
examined.
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B570329EFB8FDBEFDDBFDD6" box="[391,541,530,555]" name="Malaysia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4ACBC7B570329EC13FDBFFD47FDD6" box="[556,641,531,555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sepang</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectedFrom id="3813753B7B570329ECB2FDBFFCB5FDD6" box="[653,883,531,555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EC90FDBFFCB5FDD6" box="[687,883,531,555]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="muricata">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EC90FDBFFCB5FDD6" box="[687,883,531,555]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Annona muricata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFB110067B570329EDBEFDBEFC3DFDD6" box="[897,1019,530,555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1927-09-22">
<collectingDate id="EFF5E9EE7B570329EDBEFDBEFC3DFDD6" box="[897,1019,530,555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1927-09-22">22.ix.1927</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26FA53107B570329EA38FDBFFB50FDD6" box="[1031,1174,530,555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">G.H. Corbett</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B570329EA9AFDBFFAC6FDD6" box="[1189,1280,531,555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 3/9adff (f-g; derm not sclerotised)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B673C9B7B570329EFAEFD9AFE61FD8E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1872522524" collectingDate="1973-12" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Brunei" location="BRUNEI" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EFAEFD9AFE38FDB2" bold="true" box="[401,510,566,591]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B570329EFAEFD9AFE38FDB2" box="[401,510,566,591]" name="Brunei" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BRUNEI</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Kilansas Agr. Sta.,
<collectedFrom id="3813753B7B570329ECDBFD9BFB8AFDB2" box="[740,1100,566,591]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329ED39FD9AFB8AFDB2" authority=", Dec. 1973" authorityName="Dec." authorityYear="1973" box="[774,1100,566,591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Elaeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineensis">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329ED39FD9AFC0FFDB3" box="[774,969,566,591]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Elaeis guineensis</emphasis>
,
<collectingDate id="EFF5E9EE7B570329EDE8FD9BFB8AFDB2" box="[983,1100,567,591]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1973-12">Dec. 1973</collectingDate>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, no coll. (
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B570329EA84FD9BFAD0FDB2" box="[1211,1302,567,591]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2adff (fg, derm not sclerotised).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEF8FDD2FF0EFD46" blockId="47.[151,1437,530,2031]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<materialsCitation id="3B673C9B7B570329EEF8FDD2FF0EFD46" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1872522514" collectingDate="1973-06" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="No" country="Brunei" location="Other" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEF8FDD2FE38FD6A" bold="true" box="[199,510,638,663]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<location id="8ED0601D7B570329EEF8FDD2FEC9FD6A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687D07B570337EEA8FE84FAFEFC59:8ED0601D7B570329EEF8FDD2FEC9FD6A" box="[199,271,638,663]" country="Brunei" name="Other" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Other</location>
material.
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B570329EFB5FDD2FE3FFD6A" box="[394,505,638,663]" name="Brunei" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BRUNEI</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
Kilansas Agr. Sta.,
<collectedFrom id="3813753B7B570329ECDFFDD3FC69FD6A" box="[736,943,639,663]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329ED3BFDD3FC69FD6A" box="[772,943,639,663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329ED3BFDD3FC69FD6A" box="[772,943,639,663]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cocos nucifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, -
<date id="FFB110067B570329EDF9FDD2FBE1FD6A" box="[966,1063,638,663]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1973-06">
<collectingDate id="EFF5E9EE7B570329EDF9FDD2FBE1FD6A" box="[966,1063,638,663]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1973-06">vi. 1973</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26FA53107B570329EA0CFDD3FB93FD6B" box="[1075,1109,639,662]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">No</collectorName>
coll. #584 (
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B570329EAE2FDD3FAFEFD6A" box="[1245,1336,639,663]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/4adff (fg).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEF8FD6AFD93FCFE" blockId="47.[151,1437,530,2031]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<materialsCitation id="3B673C9B7B570329EEF8FD6AFD93FCFE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1872522521" collectingDate="1939-03" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Indonesia" location="Java" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Java">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEF8FD6AFEAAFD22" bold="true" box="[199,364,710,735]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B570329EEF8FD6AFEAEFD22" box="[199,360,710,735]" name="Indonesia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49CBF8247B570329EF45FD6BFE68FD23" box="[378,430,711,734]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Java</collectingRegion>
, no other site details, on coconut, -
<date id="FFB110067B570329ED5FFD6AFC7DFD22" box="[864,955,710,735]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1939-03">
<collectingDate id="EFF5E9EE7B570329ED5FFD6AFC7DFD22" box="[864,955,710,735]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1939-03">iii.1939</collectingDate>
</date>
, no coll. #731 (
<collectionCode id="ED1EAE037B570329EABEFD6BFB1AFD22" box="[1153,1244,711,735]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/11adff (p) originally identified as
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EFA4FD40FD82FCFE" box="[411,580,746,771]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">P.?cocophylae</emphasis>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C315654D7B570337EEF8FCA2FDD0FDC0" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEF8FCA2FB81FBBA" blockId="47.[151,1437,530,2031]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEF8FCA2FE9BFCDA" bold="true" box="[199,349,782,807]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">MALAYSIA</emphasis>
, Kuala Lumpur, on palm,
<date id="FFB110067B570329ECA8FCA3FD3DFCDA" box="[663,763,783,807]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1943-10-03">3.x.1943</date>
, R. Takahashi (BMNH): 1/15adff (fg). Kuala Lumpur, on
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EEA8FC98FE86FCB6" box="[151,320,818,843]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="religiosa">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEA8FC98FE86FCB6" box="[151,320,818,843]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ficus religiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFB110067B570329EF70FC9EFE68FCB6" box="[335,430,818,843]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1943-01-02">2.i.1943</date>
, R. Takahashi (BMNH): 2/36adff (g-f). Kuala Lumpur, no host,
<date id="FFB110067B570329EAB1FC9EFB3DFCB6" box="[1166,1275,818,843]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1944-03-05">5.iii.1944</date>
, R. Takahashi (BMNH): 2/20adff (f). Kuala Lumpur, on mango (
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329ECEDFCFBFC50FC92" box="[722,918,854,879]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329ECEDFCFBFC50FC92" box="[722,918,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<date id="FFB110067B570329ED91FCFAFBCAFC92" box="[942,1036,854,879]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1943-01-01">1.i.1943</date>
, R. Takahashi (BMNH): 1/1adf (f). Malaysia, no other site data, on
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EC36FCD7FCEBFC6E" box="[521,813,890,915]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="zeylanicum">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EC36FCD7FCEBFC6E" box="[521,813,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cinnamomum zeylanicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFB110067B570329ED01FCD6FC71FC6E" box="[830,951,890,915]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1932-04-22">22.iv.1932</date>
, Ent. Div. #8505 (BMNH): 4/19adff (f-g
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EBB3FCD6FA5DFC6E" bold="true" box="[1420,1435,890,915]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">).</emphasis>
Sepang,
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EEC0FC33FE42FC4A" box="[255,388,927,951]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEC0FC33FE42FC4A" box="[255,388,927,951]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. nucifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFB110067B570329EFA5FC32FDDAFC4A" box="[410,540,926,951]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1928-07-19">19.vii.1928</date>
, G.H. Corbett (BMNH): 3/13adff (fg) + 2 second/third-instar female (fg). Selangor, Banting,
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EF4EFC6FFE37FC26" box="[369,497,963,987]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EF4EFC6FFE37FC26" box="[369,497,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. nucifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFB110067B570329EC3EFC6EFDBDFC26" box="[513,635,962,987]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1951-06-25">25.vi.1951</date>
, H.T. Pagden #07446 (BMNH): 4/10adff (f-g). Selangor, Stombak, on mango,
<date id="FFB110067B570329EECAFC4AFEABFC02" box="[245,365,998,1023]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1946-04-19">19.iv.1946</date>
, R. Takahashi (BMNH): 1/4adff (p). Sepang, on
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329ED8FFC4AFBB1FC03" box="[944,1143,998,1023]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Elaeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineensis">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329ED8FFC4AFBB1FC03" box="[944,1143,998,1023]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Elaeis guineensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFB110067B570329EAB5FC4BFB3CFC02" box="[1162,1274,999,1023]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1934-05-22">22.v.1934</date>
, G.H. Corbett #9559 (BMNH): 5/13adff (fg-p; previously identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329ED1EFBA0FC50FBDE" authorityName="Morrison" authorityYear="1921" box="[801,918,1036,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paralecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vacuum">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329ED1EFBA0FC50FBDE" box="[801,918,1036,1059]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">P. vacuum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329ED90FBA6FBE6FBDE" bold="true" box="[943,1056,1034,1059]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Sarawak,</emphasis>
Kuala Baram, on unknown host,
<date id="FFB110067B570329EEA8FB82FEDEFBBA" box="[151,280,1070,1095]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1978-07-11">11.vii.1978</date>
, V.F. Eastop (BMNH; CIE A10642): 2/3adff (g; + 1adf of unknown sp.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEF8FBFEFA5AFB96" blockId="47.[151,1437,530,2031]" box="[199,1436,1106,1131]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEF8FBFEFE88FB96" bold="true" box="[199,334,1106,1131]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">VIETNAM</emphasis>
, on
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EF41FBFFFDD8FB96" box="[382,542,1106,1131]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Arecu
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EFF8FBFEFDD8FB96" box="[455,542,1106,1131]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Areca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="catechu">catechu</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
[=
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B570329EC01FBFFFD1BFB96" box="[574,733,1106,1131]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Areca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="catechu">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EC01FBFFFD1BFB96" box="[574,733,1106,1131]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Areca catechu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
],
<date id="FFB110067B570329ECCBFBFEFCA8FB96" box="[756,878,1106,1131]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1998-06-24">24.vi.1998</date>
, A. Berlowitz (USNM, SF 029423): 3/3adff (f-g).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EECAFBDBFDD3FB4E" blockId="47.[151,1437,530,2031]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Note.
<typeStatus id="54B488647B570329EF02FBDBFEB2FB72" box="[317,372,1143,1167]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
specimens were not seen. For the description, details were taken from all of the specimens listed under “Material examined”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEF8FB12FA8DFB2B" blockId="47.[151,1437,530,2031]" box="[199,1355,1214,1239]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEF8FB12FDDEFB2A" bold="true" box="[199,536,1214,1239]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Slide-mounted adult female.</emphasis>
Body oval, broadest posteriorly. Length 2.63.0 mm, width
<quantity id="4CF79B237B570329EA82FB13FA81FB2B" box="[1213,1351,1215,1239]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="2.2">2.22.3 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEF8FB48FB77F8EA" blockId="47.[151,1437,530,2031]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEF8FB48FEEFFB06" box="[199,297,1252,1275]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Derm barely sclerotised but central area becoming slightly more sclerotised on older specimens; specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B570329EF6FFAAAFE5AFAE2" box="[336,412,1286,1311]" name="Brunei" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Brunei</collectingCountry>
with a narrow darker border and faint oval areolations submarginally. Marginal radial lines obscure, indicated by distribution of setae and pores, as follows: with 1012 lines on head, each side with 5 between stigmatic clefts and 12 on abdomen; with distinct stigmatic rays extending medially from each stigmatic cleft. Dorsum with 4 pairs of abdominal clear areas. Dorsal setae usually setose, often curved with a sharp point, each about 8 µm long in a broad setal socket about 5 µm wide, most frequent in a submarginal band (mainly in radial membranous lines) and submedially, but present throughout in a sparse polygonal pattern. Preopercular pores, each 34 µm wide and with distinct micropores, present more or less in 3 groups, with pores more dispersed than on other species and groups often appearing to fuse; frequency as follows: CA4 with 924 pores; CA3 with 1120 and CA2 with 711; no group found associated with anteriormost clear areas (CA1). Larger dorsal pores absent. Simple pores, each about 2 µm wide, situated in a clear, unstained area of derm, sparsely present throughout in a more-or-less a polygonal pattern; also present sparsely along margin. Anal plates together quadrate, each with a sharp outer angle, and with anterior margin subequal to or slightly shorter than posterior margin; setal distribution on each plate rather variable, mostly with 4 setae—1 or 2 medially and 1 or 2 near apex; small pores possibly absent; length of each plate 124135 µm, combined width about 115 µm. Anogenital fold with 3 pairs of small setae along anterior margin, each lateral margin with 1 pair anteriorly and another posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B570329EEF8F888FB39F812" blockId="47.[151,1437,530,2031]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B570329EEF8F888FEE4F8C6" box="[199,290,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Margin.</emphasis>
Marginal ornamentation: shallow castellations, each with short lines or ridges. Marginal setae strongly oval and fan-like; width of each fan 2835 µm, length 1418 µm; with 6068 setae anteriorly between anterior stigmatic clefts, and each side with 2531 between stigmatic clefts, and 5066 along abdominal margin. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with a sclerotised inner margin and 3 (or more rarely 4) parallel-sided, blunt stigmatic spines; median spines subequal to or longer than lateral spines; length of median spines each 3335 µm; lateral spines each 2533 µm long. Eyespots: width of each socket about 40 µm, diameter of lens uncertain.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF70664E7B480336EEA8F80DFD3FF84A" box="[151,761,1953,1975]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1305660/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" startId="48.[151,250,1953,1975]" targetBox="[177,1393,210,1912]" targetPageId="48">
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B480336EEA8F80DFD3FF84A" blockId="48.[151,761,1953,1975]" box="[151,761,1953,1975]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B480336EEA8F80DFED9F84A" bold="true" box="[151,287,1953,1975]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B480336EF1AF80DFDACF84A" authority="(Takahashi)" authorityName="Takahashi" baseAuthorityName="Takahashi" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[293,618,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milleri">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B480336EF1AF80DFE2CF84A" box="[293,490,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Discochiton milleri</emphasis>
(Takahashi)
</taxonomicName>
, adult female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B490337EEF8FF35FDD0FDC0" blockId="49.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EEF8FF35FED6FF4D" box="[199,272,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Venter.</emphasis>
Derm with only faint signs of a border about 80 µm wide. Multilocular disc-pores present in groups around genital opening and in preceding two segments, each side with 1114 by anal opening in segment VII, 815 on segment VI and 36 on segment V. Spiracular disc-pores present in narrow bands of 1323 between margin and each spiracle; posterior band without an obvious gap in middle. Ventral microducts very small, present throughout but most abundant posterior to labium. Ventral setae: with 2 pairs of interantennal setae; a pair of long setae in abdominal segment VII, each about 50 µm long, and with sparse bands of shorter setae across other abdominal segments; some specimens with a line of setae on either side of anterior end of anal cleft, each seta up to about 18 µm long; submarginal setae frequent but very short. Antennae very much reduced, many with a basal scape and 1 further elongate segment but other specimens with faint indications of some segmentation, giving a 4-segmented antenna; total length 6590 µm; apical segment with 5 fleshy setae near apex, plus 2 more setose setae and 2 stiff setae; length of apical seta about 12 µm. Clypeolabral shield 105115 µm long. Spiracles small, width of each peritreme 3540 µm. Legs absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C315654D7B490337EEF8FDEBFAFEFC59" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B490337EEF8FDEBFCB4FD30" blockId="49.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EEF8FDEBFE89FD9D" bold="true" box="[199,335,583,608]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Comments.</emphasis>
The adult females of
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B490337EC64FDE5FD0AFD9D" baseAuthorityName="Takahashi" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[603,716,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milleri">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EC64FDE5FD0AFD9D" box="[603,716,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">D. milleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are fairly easily recognised by the following combination of character-states: (i) the rather dispersed distribution of the preopercular pores, associated with only 3 pairs of clear areas, (ii) lack of large dorsal pores, (iii) dorsal setae setose, many of which are curved, (iv) the absence of legs, (v) very short antennae and (vi) a more or less unsclerotised dorsum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B490337EEF8FD7BFA5AFCA0" blockId="49.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Although
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B377B490337EF07FD74FDB1FD0D" box="[312,631,727,752]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref102772" refString="Garcia Morales, M., Denno, B. D., Miller, D. R., Miller, G. L., Ben-Dov, Y., &amp; Hardy, N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: https: // data. nal. usda. gov / dataset / scalenet-scaleinsects-coccoidea-database (accessed 7 May 2018)" type="journal article">
García Morales
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EFD3FD75FDE3FD0D" box="[492,549,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
state that the
<typeStatus id="54B488647B490337ED2CFD74FC85FD0D" box="[787,835,728,752]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
specimens are deposited in the BMNH collection, no slides with
<typeStatus id="54B488647B490337EF2AFD51FE83FCE8" box="[277,325,765,789]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
data were found there.
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B377B490337EC73FD51FCC2FCE9" box="[588,772,764,788]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref102335" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of the Soft Scale Insects of the World (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville, Florida, 536 pp." type="book">Ben-Dov (1993)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that these specimens were originally deposited in the Selengor Museum,
<collectingRegion id="49CBF8247B490337EFA5FCB3FD86FCCA" box="[410,576,799,824]" country="Malaysia" name="Kuala Lumpur" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Kuala Lumpur</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F31876567B490337EC74FCB3FD73FCC5" box="[587,693,799,824]" name="Malaysia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
. However, all scale insect slides in that collection were transferred to the BMNH in 1955 (see
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E4B377B490337EFF8FCE8FDB1FCA1" box="[455,631,836,861]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref104887" refString="Williams, D. J. (2017) The change of depository of a collection of scale insects by Ryoichi Takahashi (Hemiptera; Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha). Zootaxa, 4358 (3), 598 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4358.3.13" type="journal article">Williams, 2017</bibRefCitation>
). The whereabouts of the
<typeStatus id="54B488647B490337EDA7FCE9FC0EFCA0" box="[920,968,837,861]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
slides of
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B490337EA0BFCE9FB67FCA0" baseAuthorityName="Takahashi" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1076,1185,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Discochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="milleri">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EA0BFCE9FB67FCA0" box="[1076,1185,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">D. milleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is therefore uncertain.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB036C67B490337EEF8FCCBFAFEFC59" blockId="49.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EEF8FCCBFE9EFC7D" bold="true" box="[199,344,871,896]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Host-plants.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B490337EF5CFCC4FD36FC7D" box="[355,752,871,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EF5CFCC4FDECFC7D" box="[355,554,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
(Anacardiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B490337ECC0FCC4FBB4FC7D" box="[767,1138,872,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="muricata">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337ECC0FCC4FC00FC7D" box="[767,966,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Annona muricata</emphasis>
(Annonaceae)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EABEFCCBFF33FC58" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B490337EABEFCCBFA8DFC7D" box="[1153,1355,871,896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Elaeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guineensis">Elaeis guineensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B490337EB65FCC4FF37FC58" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Areca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="catechu">Areca catechu</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B490337EEC3FC21FDFEFC59" box="[252,568,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EEC3FC21FE60FC59" box="[252,422,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Cocos nucifera</emphasis>
(Arecaceae)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B490337EC7CFC21FC30FC59" box="[579,1014,908,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="zeylanicum">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EC7CFC21FCA3FC58" box="[579,869,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Cinnamomum zeylanicum</emphasis>
(Lauraceae)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C0F4D457B490337EA3EFC21FAF2FC59" box="[1025,1332,908,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="religiosa">
<emphasis id="B97BEAD47B490337EA3EFC21FB6FFC58" box="[1025,1193,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ficus religiosa</emphasis>
(Moraceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>