202 lines
17 KiB
XML
202 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFA5FFA5138DF9A0FAFCFEAA" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Lophostoma schulzi" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="504" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="504" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6726930" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6726930" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFA5FFA5138DF9A0FAFCFEAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFA5FFA5138DF9A0FAFCFEAA" lastPageNumber="504" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<subSubSection box="[177,233,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[175,1203,1562,1654]" box="[177,233,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<heading box="[177,233,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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||
<figureCitation box="[177,233,1562,1612]" captionStart="Plate 36: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="17.[137,167,3288,3313]" captionTargetBox="[23,2765,17,3655]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="24. Long-legged Bat (Macrophyllum macrophyllum), 25. Fringe-lipped Bat (Trachops cirrhosus), 26. Striped Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris crenulatum), 27. Keenan's Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris keenani), 28. Koepcke’s Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris koepckeae), 29. Kalko’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma kalkoae), 30. Pygmy Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma brasiliense), 31. Carriker’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma carrikeri), 32. Schulz’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma schulzi), 33. Western Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma occidentale), 34. Davis's Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma evotis), 35. White-throated Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma silvicola), 36. Greater Round-eared Bat (Tonatia bidens), 37. Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat (Tonatia saurophila), 38. Pale-faced Bat (Phylloderma stenops), 39. Pale Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus discolor), 40. Lesser Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus elongatus), 41. Greater Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus hastatus), 42. Guianan Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus latifolius), 43. Woolly False Vampire Bat (Chrotopterus auritus), 44. Southern Golden Bat (Mimon bennettii), 45. Cozumelan Golden Bat (Mimon cozumelae), 46. Spectral Bat (Vampyrum spectrum)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458675/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">32.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[251,787,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[175,1203,1562,1654]" box="[251,787,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<heading box="[251,787,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<vernacularName box="[251,787,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Schulz’s Round-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[856,1203,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[175,1203,1562,1654]" box="[856,1203,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<heading box="[856,1203,1562,1612]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Genoways & S.L. Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[856,1203,1562,1612]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schulzi">
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<emphasis box="[856,1203,1562,1612]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Lophostoma schulzi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[176,1186,1630,1651]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[175,1203,1562,1654]" box="[176,1186,1630,1651]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<heading box="[176,1186,1630,1651]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[176,251,1630,1651]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[261,489,1630,1651]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Lophostome de Schulz</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[509,600,1630,1651]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[609,855,1630,1651]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Schulz-Rundohrblattnase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[876,967,1630,1651]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[978,1186,1630,1651]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Lofostoma de Schulz</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[787,1380,1698,2125]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[789,941,1698,1731]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Genoways & S.L. Williams, 1980" authorityName="Genoways & S. L. Williams" authorityYear="1980" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schulzi">Tonatia schulzi Genoways & S.L. Williams, 1980</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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“
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<quantity box="[1032,1104,1738,1771]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
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SW Rudi Kappelvliegveld,
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<quantity box="[912,997,1781,1810]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" unit="m" value="320.0">320 m</quantity>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[1013,1191,1781,1810]" country="Suriname" name="Brokopondo" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Brokopondo</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1207,1345,1781,1810]" name="Suriname" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[787,1380,1698,2125]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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A phylogenetic analysis of genetic data revalidated the genus
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<taxonomicName box="[1109,1261,1856,1889]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lophostoma</taxonomicName>
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for species that were previously in
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<taxonomicName box="[1174,1272,1896,1929]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tonatia</taxonomicName>
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, except
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Spix" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[792,901,1935,1968]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bidens">TI: bidens</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[973,1139,1935,1968]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saurophila">1. saurophila</taxonomicName>
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, thus reassigning
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<taxonomicName box="[789,918,1978,2007]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliense">brasiliense</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[938,1042,1978,2007]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">carriken</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[1062,1131,1978,2007]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="evotis">evotis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[1149,1235,1978,2007]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schulzi">schulzi</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="silvicola">silvicola</taxonomicName>
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to
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<taxonomicName box="[883,1036,2014,2047]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lophostoma</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458666" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458666/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" targetBox="[172,763,1707,2121]" targetPageId="20">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[787,1380,1698,2125]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[787,955,2053,2086]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to the Guianas and N
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<collectingCountry box="[787,863,2100,2125]" name="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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(Amazonas, Para, and Amapastates).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[165,1378,2135,3310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[172,415,2135,2164]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 63-69 mm, tail 12-13 mm, ear 27-29 mm, hindfoot 11-6
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<quantity box="[175,273,2170,2203]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
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, forearm 42-45 mm; weight
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<quantity box="[703,762,2170,2203]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" unit="g" value="15.0">15 g</quantity>
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. Greater lengths of skulls are 22-8-24 mm. Schulz’s Round-eared Bat is medium-sized and only larger than the Pygmy Round-eared Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[240,410,2249,2282]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliense">L. brasiliense</taxonomicName>
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). It can be distinguished by small wartlike granulations on dorsal surfaces of forearms, digits, calcars, hindlimbs, ears, and noseleaf (characteristics not found in any other phyllostomid). Dorsal hairs are pale brown, with pale bases, becoming almost white. It has post-auricular patches that are sparsely haired and paler than back. Venteris slightly paler than dorsum and can vary markedly among adults, ranging from medium gray to almost white, and younger adults have darker venters, suggesting that ventral pelage becomes paler with age. Ears are long, with single low band ofskin running from each ear and meeting in middle of forehead;tragus is attenuated but with distinctive prominent projection on inner margin. Calcar is longer than hindfoot. Schulz’s Round-eared Bat resembles other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[784,933,2605,2638]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lophostoma</taxonomicName>
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by having narrow I. It has been recorded that clitoris of a female Schulz’s Round-eared Bat is remarkably elongated and resembles a penis, unlike congeners that have intermediate stages of elongation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[165,1378,2135,3310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,280,2724,2757]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Tropical lowland and lower montane rainforests (
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<collectingCountry box="[1004,1107,2724,2757]" name="Guyana" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Guiana</collectingCountry>
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highland regions) above elevations of
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<quantity box="[443,545,2763,2796]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
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. Schulz’s Round-eared Bats are mainly recorded in primary forests, characterized by dense vegetation where understory often provides moderate groundcover, but they also inhabit regenerating secondary forests in
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<collectingCountry box="[1139,1221,2842,2875]" name="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[165,1378,2135,3310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,436,2882,2915]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Schulz’s Round-eared Bat is a generalist, gleaning insectivore. It might prefer large insects such as beetles and katydids.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[165,1378,2135,3310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,302,2961,2994]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Breeding.</emphasis>
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A female taken in August in
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<collectingCountry box="[729,942,2961,2994]" name="French Guiana" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
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had a
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<quantity box="[1045,1143,2961,2994]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
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length (crown— rump) fetus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[165,1378,2135,3310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,400,3040,3073]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Schulz’s Round-eared Batis nocturnal. Some behavior is expected to be similar to that of its congeners, so it might roost in large active arboreal hymenopteran (termites or ants) nests that are excavated and maintained.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[167,1107,3157,3190]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[165,1378,2135,3310]" box="[167,1107,3157,3190]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[167,868,3157,3190]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[167,1218,3197,3230]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[165,1378,2135,3310]" box="[167,1218,3197,3230]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[167,516,3197,3230]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="504" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[165,1378,2135,3310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,320,3245,3270]" pageId="20" pageNumber="504">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Farneda et al. (2018), Genoways & Williams (1980, 1984), Gribel & Taddei (1989), Lim & Tavares (2012), Lim, Engstrom, Genowayset al. (2005), Marques-Aguiar & Oren (1987), Simmons & Voss (1998).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |