215 lines
18 KiB
XML
215 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFF9DFF9C16FCF885FF2BF156" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Lonchophylla mordax Thomas 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="529" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="528" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6727826" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6727826" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFF9DFF9C16FCF885FF2BF156" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFF9DFF9C16FCF885FF2BF156" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="529" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<subSubSection box="[1472,1529,1855,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="44.[1470,2477,1847,1971]" box="[1472,1529,1855,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<heading box="[1472,1529,1855,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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||
<figureCitation box="[1472,1529,1855,1893]" captionStart="Plate 39: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="43.[109,139,3333,3358]" captionTargetBox="[13,2756,14,3657]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="83. Cadena’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris cadenai), 84. Dashe’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris dashe), 85. Patton’s Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris pationi), 86. Thomas's Nectar Bat (Hsunycteris thomasi), 87. Chestnut Long-tongued Bat (Lionycteris spurrelli), 88. Brazilian Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla mordax), 89. Chocoan Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla chocoana), 90. Goldman's Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla concava), 91. Pacific Forest Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla fornicata), 92. Orces’s Long-tongued Bat (Lonchophylla orcesi), 93. Western Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla hesperia), 94. Eastern Cordilleran Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla orienticollina), 95. Handley’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla handleyi), 96. Orange Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla robusta), 97. Dekeyser’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla dekeyseri), 98. Pale-bellied Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla inexpectata), 99. Bokermann’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla bokermanni), 100. Peracchi’s Nectar Bat (Lonchophylla peracchii), 101. Long-snouted Bat (Platalina genovensium), 102. Vieira’s Long-tongued Bat (Xeronycleris vierrai)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459029/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">88.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[1546,1966,1855,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph blockId="44.[1470,2477,1847,1971]" box="[1546,1966,1855,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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||
<heading box="[1546,1966,1855,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<vernacularName box="[1546,1966,1855,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Brazilian Nectar Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2016,2423,1847,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="44.[1470,2477,1847,1971]" box="[2016,2423,1847,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<heading box="[2016,2423,1847,1893]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1903" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1903" box="[2016,2423,1847,1893]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">
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<emphasis box="[2016,2423,1847,1893]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Lonchophylla mordax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="528" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="44.[1470,2477,1847,1971]" box="[1471,2477,1911,1932]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<heading box="[1471,2477,1911,1932]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1471,1547,1911,1932]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1556,1781,1911,1932]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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Lonchophylle du
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<collectingCountry box="[1727,1781,1911,1932]" name="Brazil" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Brésil</collectingCountry>
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1802,1892,1911,1932]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1902,2172,1911,1932]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Brasilien-Nektarfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2193,2285,1911,1932]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2295,2384,1911,1932]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Loncéfilo</vernacularName>
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de
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<collectingCountry box="[2425,2477,1911,1932]" name="Brazil" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Brasil</collectingCountry>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="44.[1470,2477,1847,1971]" box="[1471,1945,1950,1971]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<heading box="[1471,1945,1950,1971]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1471,1718,1950,1971]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1727,1945,1950,1971]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Goldman's Nectar Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph blockId="44.[2077,2676,2022,2445]" lastBlockId="44.[1468,2675,2455,3470]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="528" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2082,2238,2022,2051]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1903" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1903" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">Lonchophylla mordax Thomas, 1903</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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“Lamarao, NW. of
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<collectingRegion box="[2463,2542,2061,2090]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Bahia</collectingRegion>
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[
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<collectingCountry box="[2570,2660,2061,2090]" name="Brazil" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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]. Alt.
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<quantity box="[2141,2228,2096,2129]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="528" type="discussion">
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Molecular and morphological analyses have recovered
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<taxonomicName box="[2317,2487,2176,2209]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lonchophylla</taxonomicName>
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(sensu lato) as a paraphyletic assemblage. Combining data from nuclear and mitochondrial genes, karyotypes, and skull morphology, J. A. Parlos and collaborators in 2014 also retrieved the genus as paraphyletic and described
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<taxonomicName box="[2235,2383,2412,2445]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Hsunycteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hsunycteris</taxonomicName>
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to include
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Hsunycteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomasi">L. thomasi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[1528,1667,2455,2484]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cadenai">L. cadenai</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[1689,1820,2455,2484]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Hsunycteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pattoni">L. pattoni</taxonomicName>
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, and an unnamed species. As a result,
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<taxonomicName box="[2400,2570,2455,2484]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lonchophylla</taxonomicName>
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(sensu stricto) now comprises 13 Central American and South American species. Nevertheless,
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<taxonomicName box="[1540,1676,2530,2563]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mordax">L. mordax</taxonomicName>
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, which is the type species of
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<taxonomicName box="[2108,2278,2530,2563]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lonchophylla</taxonomicName>
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, was not included in those assessments. Based on morphological similarity, C. O. Handley, Jr. in 1966 included
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<taxonomicName box="[1470,1613,2609,2642]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="concava">L. concava</taxonomicName>
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as a subspecies with a disjunct population; it is now considered a distinct species. The current definition and therefore distribution ofthe Brazilian Nectar Bat have been affected by misidentifications with congeners
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<taxonomicName box="[2283,2430,2688,2721]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dekeyseri">L. dekeyseri</taxonomicName>
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and the recently described
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<taxonomicName box="[1615,1795,2726,2759]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inexpectata">L. inexpectata</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="528" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458786" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458786/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" targetBox="[1468,2059,2030,2443]" targetPageId="44">
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<paragraph blockId="44.[1468,2675,2455,3470]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1469,1645,2766,2799]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Distribution.</emphasis>
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NE
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<collectingCountry box="[1718,1800,2766,2799]" name="Brazil" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, at E border of semiarid Caatinga ecoregion (“sertao”) and Caatinga—Atlantic Forest ecotone (“agreste”) of
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<collectingRegion box="[2169,2280,2806,2839]" country="Brazil" name="Alagoas" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Alagoas</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion box="[2301,2408,2806,2839]" country="Brazil" name="Sergipe" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Sergipe</collectingRegion>
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, and
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<collectingRegion box="[2497,2576,2806,2839]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Bahia</collectingRegion>
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states. Previous records outside this area could be misidentifications.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="528" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="44.[1468,2675,2455,3470]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1469,1723,2885,2918]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 50-56 mm, tail 8-12 mm, ear 13-16 mm, hindfoot 8-10 mm, forearm 33-7-37-4 mm; weight 7-5-11 g. The Brazilian Nectar Bat is a medium-sized species of
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<taxonomicName box="[1780,1950,2964,2997]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lonchophylla</taxonomicName>
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. Dorsal fur is cinnamon-brown, with bases of hairs (c.80% of length) whitish; venter is pale to light brown, thus contrasting with dorsum. This distinction is useful to differentiate the Brazilian Nectar Bat from other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[1470,1639,3082,3115]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lonchophylla</taxonomicName>
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from eastern
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<collectingCountry box="[1838,1920,3082,3115]" name="Brazil" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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. Lower lip is marked by deep medial groove;its sides are bordered by small rounded papillae. Noseleaf is triangular, slightly higher than wide, more sharply toward its point. Forearms are almost naked. Wing membranes are light brown, and uropatagium is wide, completely enclosing short tail in its proximal one-third. Skull is long and narrow, slightly inflated at interorbital region. Lingual cusp is reduced or moderate in P°, and well-developed metastyles are distinct on upper molars. Dental formula for species of Lonchophyllais12/2,C1/1,PM 2/3, M 3/3 (
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<date box="[1481,1515,3360,3389]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">x2</date>
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) = 34.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="528" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="44.[1468,2675,2455,3470]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1468,1579,3398,3431]" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Eastern border ofsemiarid caatinga and agreste biomes in eastern
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<collectingCountry box="[2556,2634,3398,3431]" name="Brazil" pageId="44" pageNumber="528">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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at elevations up to
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<quantity box="[1699,1786,3437,3470]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="528" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="529" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[127,1334,279,786]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[128,398,279,312]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Brazilian Nectar Bat feeds on nectar, insects, and probably succulent fruits and pollen. Skull and tooth morphology indicate that it is primarily nectarivorous, with similar habits to other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[869,1040,358,391]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lonchophylla</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[128,502,401,430]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[127,1334,279,786]" box="[128,502,401,430]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[128,263,401,430]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[127,1328,437,470]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[127,1334,279,786]" box="[127,1328,437,470]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[127,362,437,470]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Brazilian Nectar Bats probably roost in hollow trees and small caves.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="529" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[127,1334,279,786]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[128,822,476,509]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Brazilian Nectar Bats probably roost in small groups.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="529" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[127,1334,279,786]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,486,555,588]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Brazilian Nectar Bat is restricted to very specific habitats in eastern
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<collectingCountry box="[1065,1146,594,627]" name="Brazil" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, but it can be locally common at some locations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="529" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="45.[127,1334,279,786]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,283,681,706]" pageId="45" pageNumber="529">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Albuja & Gardner (2005), Griffiths & Gardner (2008b), Handley (1966b), Moratelli & Dias (2015), Nogueira, Dias & Peracchi (2007), Parlos et al. (2014), Taddei et al. (1983), Thomas (1903c), Woodman & Timm (2006).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |