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<mods:title id="FF75CBCC3465C84247E09E2AF60F5E04">A revision of the genus Leptotyphlops in northeastern Africa and southwestern Arabia (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="007330F90B5F50C2D6E771C06EF16FD3">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A77887C2FFFDFFDBFF02846245B3B55F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6789131" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196374628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6789131" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A77887C2FFFDFFDBFF02846245B3B55F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A77887C2FFFDFFDBFF02846245B3B55F" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFFDFFDAFF0284624086B359" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF028462423BB37C" blockId="32.[151,889,1071,1132]" box="[151,889,1071,1097]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="742681B8FFFDFFDAFF028462423BB37C" bold="true" box="[151,889,1071,1097]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF028462423BB37C" bold="true" box="[151,889,1071,1097]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFF02846243F1B37C" authority="Broadley &amp; Wallach" authorityName="Broadley &amp; Wallach" box="[151,691,1071,1097]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrops">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF02846240ECB37C" bold="true" box="[151,430,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Leptotyphlops macrops</emphasis>
Broadley &amp; Wallach
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="B7EA2A51FFFDFFDAFD568462425EB37C" box="[707,796,1071,1097]" captionStart="PLATE 9" captionStartId="30.[151,238,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[277,1301,263,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-166@30.[276,1319,250,1792]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="PLATE 9. Figure 1. Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus. Dorsal and lateral views of the head of BMNH 1932.5.2.9 — Mouth of Kaliokwell River, Kenya. The line represents 1 mm to scale. Figure 2. Leptotyphlops pembae. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views of the head of BMNH 1947.1.1.43 — Kisiwani, Pemba Island, Tanzania. The line represents 1 mm to scale. Figure 3. Leptotyphlops macrops. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views of the head of the holotype, NMZB 11352 — Mkwaja Forests, Tanzania, after Broadley &amp; Wallach (1996). The line represents 1 mm to scale. Figure 4. Leptotyphlops emini. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views of the head of CAS 227770 from Kapaka Game Control Area, Mpande District, Tanzania. The line represents 1 mm to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6789094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6789094/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Plate 9</figureCitation>
, Fig. 3)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF02841F4086B359" blockId="32.[151,889,1071,1132]" box="[151,452,1106,1132]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Goggle-eyed worm snake</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFFDFFDAFF0284EF457AB24C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF0284EF456BB38C" blockId="32.[151,1436,1186,1401]" box="[151,1065,1186,1209]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFFDFFDAFF0284EF456BB38C" box="[151,1065,1186,1209]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF0284EF402AB38C" box="[151,360,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFF0284EF400BB38C" ID-CoL="3G6GS" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,329,1186,1209]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Glauconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="emini">Glauconia emini</taxonomicName>
—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFFDFFDAFEFB84EF430AB38C" author="Sternfeld, R." box="[366,584,1186,1209]" page="242" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1908">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFFDFFDAFEFB84EF430AB38C" author="Sternfeld" box="[366,584,1186,1209]" firstAuthor="Sternfeld" page="242" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="236 - 247" refId="ref62641" refString="Sternfeld, R. (1908) Zur Schlangenfauna Ostafrikas. I. Schlangen aus Sud-Abessinien. II. Schlangen aus Britisch- Ostafrika. III. Schlangen aus Portugiesisch-Ostafrika. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 4 (1), 236 - 247." type="journal article" year="1908">Sternfeld, 1908: 242</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Kikuyu);
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFFDFFDAFD2A84EF42D5B38C" author="Loveridge, A." box="[703,919,1186,1209]" page="82" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1916">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFFDFFDAFD2A84EF42D5B38C" author="Loveridge" box="[703,919,1186,1209]" firstAuthor="Loveridge" page="82" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="76 - 87" refId="ref60390" refString="Loveridge, A. (1916) Report on the collection of Ophidia in the Society's Museum. The Journal of the East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society (Nairobi), 5 (10), 76 - 87." type="journal article" year="1916">Loveridge, 1916: 82</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part, Jilore).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF02848F431CB3EC" blockId="32.[151,1436,1186,1401]" box="[151,606,1218,1241]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFFDFFDAFF02848F431CB3EC" box="[151,606,1218,1241]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF02848F40E6B3EC" box="[151,420,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFF02848F40C4B3EC" ID-CoL="88X6K" box="[151,390,1218,1241]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Glauconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicauda">Glauconia longicauda</taxonomicName>
—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFFDFFDAFE3E848F4319B3EC" author="Angel, F." box="[427,603,1218,1241]" page="30" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFFDFFDAFE3E848F4319B3EC" author="Angel" box="[427,603,1218,1241]" firstAuthor="Angel" page="30" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref56634" refString="Angel, F. (1925) Reptiles et Batraciens. In: Voyage de Ch. Allaud et R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale (1911 - 1912). Resultats scientifiques. Vertebrata II. P. Lechevalier, Paris, pp. 1 - 63, Pls. 1 - 3." type="book chapter" year="1925">Angel, 1925: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF0284AF423FB3CC" blockId="32.[151,1436,1186,1401]" box="[151,893,1250,1273]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFFDFFDAFF0284AF423FB3CC" box="[151,893,1250,1273]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF0284AF4303B3CC" box="[151,577,1250,1273]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFF0284AF4361B3CC" authority="conjunctus" box="[151,547,1250,1273]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="conjunctus" subSpecies="conjunctus">Leptotyphlops conjunctus conjunctus</taxonomicName>
—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFFDFFDAFDD284AF43B0B3CC" author="Spawls, S." box="[583,754,1250,1273]" page="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFFDFFDAFDD284AF43B0B3CC" author="Spawls" box="[583,754,1250,1273]" firstAuthor="Spawls" page="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref62430" refString="Spawls, S. (1978) A checklist of the snakes of Kenya. The Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society and National Museum (Nairobi), 31 (167), 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1978">Spawls, 1978: 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part, Jilore)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF02854F43B7B22C" blockId="32.[151,1436,1186,1401]" box="[151,757,1282,1305]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFFDFFDAFF02854F43B7B22C" box="[151,757,1282,1305]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF02854F40FAB22C" box="[151,440,1282,1305]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFF02854F40DBB22C" box="[151,409,1282,1305]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">Leptotyphlops nigricans</taxonomicName>
—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFFDFFDAFE2B854F43B3B22C" box="[446,753,1282,1305]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hallerman &amp; Rödel, 1995: 5</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF02856F457AB24C" blockId="32.[151,1436,1186,1401]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0FC111FAFFFDFFDAFF02856F44DEB20C" box="[151,1436,1314,1337]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<treatmentCitation id="AE7010C5FFFDFFDAFF02856F42C8B20C" box="[151,906,1314,1337]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFF02856F43F5B20C" authority="Broadley &amp; Wallach, 1996" authorityName="Broadley &amp; Wallach" authorityYear="1996" box="[151,695,1314,1337]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrops">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF02856F40D2B20C" box="[151,400,1314,1337]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Leptotyphlops macrops</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFFDFFDAFE02856F43F5B20C" author="Broadley &amp; Wallach" box="[407,695,1314,1337]" firstAuthor="Broadley" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="162 - 166" refId="ref57943" refString="Broadley, D. G. &amp; Wallach, V. (1996) Remarkable new worm snake (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) from the East African Coast. Copeia (Washington), 1996 (1), 162 - 166." type="journal article" year="1996">Broadley &amp; Wallach, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Copeia, 1996: 162
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="F06A8876FFFDFFDAFC00856F4288B20C" box="[917,970,1314,1337]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Mkwaja Forests, Pangani District,
</treatmentCitationGroup>
<materialsCitation id="9FB93C89FFFDFFDAFF52850F44DAB26C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3827581374" box="[199,1432,1346,1369]" collectionCode="NMZB" country="Tanzania" elevation="100" latitude="-5.866667" location="Tanga Region" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="38.783333" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="NMZB 11352" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tanga" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFFDFFDAFF52850F4020B26C" box="[199,354,1346,1369]" country="Tanzania" name="Tanga" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tanga Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFDFFDAFEE7850F4090B26C" box="[370,466,1346,1369]" name="Tanzania" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="4AE55013FFFDFFDAFE73850F4302B26C" box="[486,576,1346,1369]" degrees="05" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="925" value="-5.866667">05°52’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4AE55013FFFDFFDAFDC4850F43EEB26C" box="[593,684,1346,1369]" degrees="38" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="925" value="38.783333">38°47’E</geoCoordinate>
, elevation below
<quantity id="E8299B31FFFDFFDAFCE3850F4280B26C" box="[886,962,1346,1369]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="A4FCD1E7FFFDFFDAFCE3850F4280B26C" box="[886,962,1346,1369]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<typeStatus id="F06A8876FFFDFFDAFC4F850F4575B26C" box="[986,1079,1346,1369]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="7F779EAFFFFDFFDAFBD6850F45A2B26C" box="[1091,1248,1346,1369]" collectionCode="NMZB" country="Zimbabwe" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s56f-0167" name="National Museum of Zimbabwe" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">NMZB 11352</specimenCode>
, collected by A
</materialsCitation>
. Cockle,
<date id="5B6F1014FFFDFFDAFEB5852F40B0B24C" box="[288,498,1378,1401]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1991-09-10">10 September 1991</date>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFFDFFDAFE68852F4261B24C" author="McDiarmid" box="[509,803,1378,1401]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="McDiarmid" page="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref61066" refString="McDiarmid, R. W., Campbell, J. A. &amp; Toure, T. A. (1999) Snake species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference, Volume 1. The Herpetologists' League, Washington, 511 pp." type="book" year="1999">
McDiarmid
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFD15852F43FEB24C" box="[640,700,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
1999: 35
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4B404B25FFFDFFDAFCBA852F4571B24C" author="Spawls" box="[815,1075,1378,1401]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Spawls" page="303" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref62470" refString="Spawls, S., Howell, K., Drewes, R. &amp; Ashe, J. (2002) A field guide to the reptiles of East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi. Academic Press, San Diego, 543 pp." type="book" year="2002">
Spawls
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFC17852F42FCB24C" box="[898,958,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
2002: 303
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFFDFFDAFF0285E74263B109" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF0285E74263B109" blockId="32.[151,1436,1450,2036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF0285E74055B2F1" bold="true" box="[151,279,1450,1476]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A member of the
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFE6385E64256B2F1" box="[502,788,1451,1476]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFE6385E64256B2F1" box="[502,788,1451,1476]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Leptotyphlops nigricans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group, distinguished from all others except
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFA1185E641AFB2D9" authorityName="Published" authorityYear="2007" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howelli">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFA1185E641AFB2D9" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L. howelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFEB1859E40DCB2D9" authorityName="Loveridge" authorityYear="1941" box="[292,414,1491,1516]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pembae">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFEB1859E40DCB2D9" box="[292,414,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L. pembae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the large eye beneath a bulge in the ocular shield and higher counts for both middorsals and subcaudals. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFDD485B643FAB121" authorityName="Published" authorityYear="2007" box="[577,696,1531,1556]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="howelli">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFDD485B643FAB121" box="[577,696,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L. howelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E8D14D57FFFDFFDAFD6185B64232B121" authorityName="Loveridge" authorityYear="1941" box="[756,880,1531,1556]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pembae">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFD6185B64232B121" box="[756,880,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L. pembae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its more numerous middorsals (272–313 vs 229–269) and lacking white patches on chin and throat.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFFDFFDBFF538607433EB667" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF5386074329B1B9" blockId="32.[151,1436,1450,2036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFDFFDAFF538607401CB151" bold="true" box="[198,350,1610,1636]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description.</emphasis>
Body cylindrical, with head and neck broadened and flattened, the moderately long tail tapers slightly to a small terminal spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDAFF5386D742F5B0F9" blockId="32.[151,1436,1450,2036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Snout rounded, rostral moderate (0.40–0.53 head width, mean = 0.46), much wider than nasals anteriorly and extending to a point level with the centre of the eye, a weak preoral groove present ventrally. Behind rostral, upper lip bordered by infranasal (nostril nearer to rostral than supralabial along nasal suture), moderate anterior supralabial that reaches the level of nostril with a width along lip equal to that of infranasal, large ocular with large eye protruding beneath a bulge at the upper anterior edge, and tall posterior supralabial. Supraoculars pentagonal, slightly larger than the hexagonal frontal, subequal to postfrontal, which is smaller than the interparietal and interoccipital. Parietals oblique, larger than the fused occipitals, in contact with the posterior supralabials. Temporal single. No mental, five infralabials.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFDFFDBFF5387974465B787" blockId="32.[151,1436,1450,2036]" lastBlockId="33.[151,1436,152,618]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Body covered with 14 rows of smooth, imbricate, subequal scales. Reduction to 10 rows on the tail takes place lateral to the subtriangular cloacal shield. Total middorsals (237) 272–322; subcaudals 30–44.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFCFFDBFF53808D4281B7EF" blockId="33.[151,1436,152,618]" box="[198,963,192,218]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Total length/diameter ratio 53–73; total length/tail ratio 8.0–12.8.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFCFFDBFF5380A5456DB637" blockId="33.[151,1436,152,618]" box="[198,1071,232,258]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Dorsum and venter uniformly black (cloacal shield white in KMH 12737).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFCFFDBFF538142447DB61F" blockId="33.[151,1436,152,618]" box="[198,1343,271,298]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFCFFDBFF5381424042B61C" bold="true" box="[198,256,271,297]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Size.</emphasis>
Largest specimen (NMZB 13730 — Magrotto Hill, Muheza,
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFCFFDBFC40815D4502B61F" box="[981,1088,272,298]" name="Tanzania" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
) 268 + 24 =
<quantity id="E8299B31FFFCFFDBFB43815D4479B61F" box="[1238,1339,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.92" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="292.0">292 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFCFFDBFF53817A433EB667" blockId="33.[151,1436,152,618]" box="[198,636,311,338]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFCFFDBFF53817A406CB664" bold="true" box="[198,302,311,337]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Habitat.</emphasis>
Coastal forest and environs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67CB655FFFFCFFDBFF53811245B3B55F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFCFFDBFF53811242D7B697" blockId="33.[151,1436,152,618]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFCFFDBFF5381124025B64C" bold="true" box="[198,359,351,377]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution.</emphasis>
Coastal
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFCFFDBFE40812D4363B64F" box="[469,545,352,378]" name="Kenya" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Kenya</collectingCountry>
from Pangani southwards to northeast
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFCFFDBFB93812D4530B64F" box="[1030,1138,352,378]" name="Tanzania" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="E8299B31FFFCFFDBFB17812D45B2B64F" box="[1154,1264,352,378]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">0–100 m</quantity>
, with one old specimen from Kikuyu in the
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFCFFDBFE6081C54303B697" box="[501,577,392,418]" name="Kenya" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Kenya</collectingCountry>
highlands,
<quantity id="E8299B31FFFCFFDBFD5F81C54260B697" box="[714,802,392,418]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.285" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="2285.0">2285 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="B7EA2A51FFFCFFDBFCA481C542C4B697" box="[817,902,392,418]" captionStart="PLATE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,238,1737,1761]" captionTargetBox="[268,1322,271,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-152@13.[264,1323,266,1713]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="PLATE 5. Leptotyphlops. Distribution of the Leptotyphlops parkeri, L. reticulatus, L. longicaudus and L. nigricans species groups in northeastern Africa and southwestern Arabia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6789078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6789078/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Plate 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6E36D4FFFCFFDBFF5381E245B3B55F" blockId="33.[151,1436,152,618]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="1DA5EAC6FFFCFFDBFF5381E24004B6FC" bold="true" box="[198,326,431,457]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Localities.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFCFFDBFEC681FD40F8B6FF" box="[339,442,432,458]" name="Kenya" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">KENYA</collectingCountry>
. Gede Ruins NMK/O. 2858, 3201; Jilore Forest NMK/O. 936–7; Kikuyu ZMB 22036; Pangani NMW 32079 (3).
<collectingCountry id="57C67644FFFCFFDBFDA481954388B6C7" box="[561,714,472,498]" name="Tanzania" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
. Amani Nature Reserve NMZB 16147; Bamba Ridge Forest Reserve NMZB 17169; Kambai Forest KMH 12737, ZMUC/R. 5315; Kulumezi Caves,
<collectingRegion id="ED15F836FFFCFFDBFB78824D4476B52F" box="[1261,1332,512,538]" country="Tanzania" name="Tanga" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tanga</collectingRegion>
MNHN 1923.118; Magrotto Hill KMH 11208, NMZB 13730; Manga Forest Reserve NMZB 14102; Mchungu Forest Reserve NMZB 10455; Mkwaja Forests NMZB 11352; Semdoe Forest Reserve NMZB 15610.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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