152 lines
16 KiB
XML
152 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="7177AF3484F210CEA85652C90989A8A4" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2018.1539780" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5177759" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628618792074" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Liseki, Steven D. & Vane-Wright, Richard I." docDate="2018" docId="017B87D369555139C5F070E0F124FA3B" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.52.39-40.2511-2552.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 52 (39 - 40)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2018.1539780" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acraea pudorella subsp. pudorella pudorella Aurivillius 1898" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="2523" masterDocId="FD42FFAB69585134C4637265F228FFBD" masterDocTitle="Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamily Helconiinae" masterLastPageNumber="2552" masterPageNumber="2511" pageNumber="2523" updateTime="1699047923231" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D1FB7FC7C6EC5674DDFF5FEFEB795909">Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamily Helconiinae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="575E7E118001F6D73AB8357104C542A5">Liseki, Steven D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FCA009FE1248226B586537C2B17352C6">Vane-Wright, Richard I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="11B24A9B5D862AAA298BFF1A9196A2D3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5B09717806EADD2E99D493D73603A8E4">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BC00F7D4728A4FF1A2B767F437A0EC19">
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<mods:date id="0198AFD53DC04F06E19531F27DE3BA86">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="76CE9C959DD1A33A47C05CB3228CD2E3">2018-11-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="49C91407F8690BCFF9A89811A447D5AA">52</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4FE22F99147F6F9724458B88ED2F2EFE">39 - 40</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="F26486F47243AB4DA79E9287D3E0D88B">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2018.1539780</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="C5F2CF931B048B84C6F35E597CCAE89B" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2018.1539780</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="017B87D369555139C5F070E0F124FA3B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5188857" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5188857" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:017B87D369555139C5F070E0F124FA3B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/017B87D369555139C5F070E0F124FA3B" lastPageNumber="2523" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">
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<subSubSection id="C1C8654E69555139C5F070E0F0EDFCBE" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="896D36C569555139C5F070E0F1B8FD23" blockId="13.[403,912,645,670]" box="[403,912,645,670]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">
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<heading id="D22581A969555139C5F070E0F1B8FD23" box="[403,912,645,670]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4ED24D4669555139C5F070E0F1B8FD23" ID-CoL="9J97" authority="pudorella Aurivillius, 1898" authorityName="pudorella Aurivillius" authorityYear="1898" box="[403,912,645,670]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pudorella" subSpecies="pudorella">
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C5F070E0F0E4FD23" box="[403,716,645,670]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">Acraea pudorella pudorella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="ED434B3469555139C6B670E0F1B8FD23" author="Aurivillius" box="[725,912,645,670]" firstAuthor="Aurivillius" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" pagination="1 - 561" refId="ref23514" refString="Aurivillius [PO] C. 1898 - 1899. Rhopalocera Aethiopica. K svenska VetensAkad Handl. 31 (5): 1 - 561, 6 pls." type="book chapter" year="1898">Aurivillius, 1898</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="896D36C569555139C4C370ACF0EDFCBE" blockId="13.[160,1155,712,771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">
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<bibRefCitation id="ED434B3469555139C4C370ACF301FD5C" author="Larsen" box="[160,297,713,737]" firstAuthor="Larsen" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" refId="ref24937" refString="Larsen TB. 1996. The butterflies of Kenya and their natural history. 2 nd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1996">Larsen 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 54, fig. 686i,ii. d
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C66170ADF020FD5D" box="[514,520,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">’</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="ED434B3469555139C66470ACF0EDFD5C" author="Abrera" box="[519,709,713,737]" firstAuthor="Abrera" page="169" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" refId="ref24072" refString="d ' Abrera B. 1997. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region. 2 nd ed. Part I. Papilionidae, Pieridae, Acraeidae, Danaidae and Satyridae. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="1997">Abrera 1997: 169</bibRefCitation>
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(2 figs).
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<bibRefCitation id="ED434B3469555139C74070ACF6ABFD5C" author="Bernaud and Murphy" box="[803,1155,713,737]" firstAuthor="Bernaud" page="159" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" pagination="954821504" refId="ref23803" refString="Bernaud D, Murphy R. 2014. Acraeinae of Malawi (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Privately published. ISBN 978 2 954821504." type="journal article" year="2014">Bernaud and Murphy 2014: 159</bibRefCitation>
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(8 figs,
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<collectingCountry id="F1C5765569555139C497708EF36EFCBE" box="[244,326,747,771]" name="Malawi" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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, of
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C512708EF3D3FCBE" box="[369,507,747,771]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">A. p. detecta</emphasis>
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). SI: Figure 11a
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C6C9708EF09FFCBE" box="[682,695,747,771]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">–</emphasis>
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f.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C1C8654E69555139C4C3714CF124FA3B" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" type="description">
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<paragraph id="896D36C569555139C4C3714CF64AFC3B" blockId="13.[160,1155,808,902]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">
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<materialsCitation id="39BA3C9869555139C4C3714CF676FC3B" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Kenya" location="Lake" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baringo">
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Forewing length: male 18.0
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C5B1714DF3F7FCFD" box="[466,479,808,832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">–</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4E2A9B2069555139C5BC714CF069FCFC" box="[479,577,809,833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" unit="mm" value="30.5">30.5 mm</quantity>
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[mean (
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C6FD714CF0EBFCFC" box="[670,707,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">n =</emphasis>
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9)
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<quantity id="4E2A9B2069555139C685714CF170FCFC" box="[742,856,809,833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.601" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" unit="mm" value="26.01">26.01 mm</quantity>
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, SD = 2.247] (a dwarf male in
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<collectionCode id="EFC3AE0069555139C4DC712EF33FFCDE" box="[191,279,843,867]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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from
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<location id="8C0D601E69555139C502712EF3BCFCDE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:017B87D369555139C5F070E0F124FA3B:8C0D601E69555139C502712EF3BCFCDE" box="[353,404,843,867]" country="Kenya" name="Lake" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" stateProvince="Baringo">Lake</location>
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<collectingRegion id="4B16F82769555139C5FC712EF3D0FCDE" box="[415,504,843,867]" country="Kenya" name="Baringo" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">Baringo</collectingRegion>
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, western central
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<collectingCountry id="F1C5765569555139C6A3712EF12FFCDE" box="[704,775,843,867]" name="Kenya" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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, has forewing length = 18.6 and was not included here); female 22.5
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C65A710BF06EFC3B" box="[569,582,878,902]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">–</emphasis>
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29.0 mm [mean (
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C769710BF119FC3B" box="[778,817,878,902]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">n =</emphasis>
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6)
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<quantity id="4E2A9B2069555139C73B710BF1E4FC3B" box="[856,972,878,902]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.51" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" unit="mm" value="25.1">25.10 mm</quantity>
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, SD = 2.028]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="896D36C569555139C4C371CEF65FFAA3" blockId="13.[160,1156,939,1417]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">
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Note: the wing pattern of this species is considered very similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="4ED24D4669555139C05B71CEF3F8FC5B" authority="Hewitson, 1877" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarena">
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C05B71CEF324FC5B" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">Acraea caldarena</emphasis>
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Hewitson, 1877
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="ED434B3469555139C58671ABF105FC5B" author="Bernaud and Murphy" box="[485,813,974,998]" firstAuthor="Bernaud" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" pagination="954821504" refId="ref23803" refString="Bernaud D, Murphy R. 2014. Acraeinae of Malawi (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Privately published. ISBN 978 2 954821504." type="journal article" year="2014">Bernaud and Murphy 2014</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 96, 8 figs). However, as originally pointed out by
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<bibRefCitation id="ED434B3469555139C5A57194F0A3FBB4" author="Eltringham" box="[454,651,1009,1033]" firstAuthor="Eltringham" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" pagination="1 - 374" refId="ref24298" refString="Eltringham H. 1912. A monograph of the African species of the genus Acraea, Fab., with a supplement on those of the Oriental Region. Trans Entomol Soc Lond. 1912 (1): 1 - 374, 16 pls (with legends)." type="book chapter" year="1912">Eltringham (1912</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 164), the genitalia of both sexes of both species are very distinct (those of
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<taxonomicName id="4ED24D4669555139C6407676F084FB96" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1877" box="[547,684,1043,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarena">
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C6407676F084FB96" box="[547,684,1043,1067]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">A. caldarena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are illustrated in SI Figure 2d
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C7987676F620FB96" box="[1019,1032,1043,1067]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">–</emphasis>
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f).
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<bibRefCitation id="ED434B3469555139C0467676F353FBF3" author="Bernaud and Murphy" firstAuthor="Bernaud" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" pagination="954821504" refId="ref23803" refString="Bernaud D, Murphy R. 2014. Acraeinae of Malawi (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Privately published. ISBN 978 2 954821504." type="journal article" year="2014">Bernaud and Murphy (2014</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 158) give a fairly effective way to separate the two based on hindwing spot pattern, but rightly caution that literature records need to be treated with care, as these species have often been confused. Both could occur in the
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<collectingRegion id="4B16F82769555139C065761EF6ACFB2E" box="[1030,1156,1147,1171]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
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area, but currently we have no record for
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<taxonomicName id="4ED24D4669555139C6ED76FBF131FB0B" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1877" box="[654,793,1182,1206]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarena">
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C6ED76FBF131FB0B" box="[654,793,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">A. caldarena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. It is our view that the current taxon, based on wing pattern and coloration alone, is also difficult to separate consistently from
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<taxonomicName id="4ED24D4669555139C5567686F060FB46" authorityName="Eltringham" authorityYear="1912" box="[309,584,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="equatorialis" subSpecies="anaemia">
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C5567686F060FB46" box="[309,584,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">A. equatorialis anaemia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see key and figures in SI).
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<bibRefCitation id="ED434B3469555139C7D07686F6ABFB46" author="Eltringham" box="[947,1155,1251,1275]" firstAuthor="Eltringham" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" pagination="1 - 374" refId="ref24298" refString="Eltringham H. 1912. A monograph of the African species of the genus Acraea, Fab., with a supplement on those of the Oriental Region. Trans Entomol Soc Lond. 1912 (1): 1 - 374, 16 pls (with legends)." type="book chapter" year="1912">Eltringham (1912)</bibRefCitation>
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illustrates part of the female genitalia of both taxa, which appear to be very different.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="896D36C569555139C4DD774CF124FA3B" blockId="13.[160,1156,939,1417]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">
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The sexes of
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C533774CF3C6FAFC" box="[336,494,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">
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A. p.
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<taxonomicName id="4ED24D4669555139C5E4774CF3C6FAFC" authorityName="Aurivillius" authorityYear="1898" box="[391,494,1321,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Acraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pudorella">pudorella</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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are similar, but the black spots and borders of females are slightly more heavily marked. The expression of the line of postdiscal spots in forewing cells R
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<subScript id="1556348069555139C48B771CF2DAFA34" attach="right" box="[232,242,1401,1417]" fontSize="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">1</subScript>
|
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, R
|
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<subScript id="1556348069555139C56D771CF330FA34" attach="left" box="[270,280,1401,1417]" fontSize="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">5</subScript>
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||
and M
|
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<subScript id="1556348069555139C508771CF35DFA34" attach="right" box="[363,373,1401,1417]" fontSize="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">1</subScript>
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<emphasis id="BBA6EAD769555139C516770BF3AAFA3B" box="[373,386,1390,1414]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">–</emphasis>
|
||
M
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<subScript id="1556348069555139C5FB771CF38AFA34" attach="left" box="[408,418,1401,1417]" fontSize="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="2523">3</subScript>
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varies individually, from 0 to 5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |