249 lines
27 KiB
XML
249 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="594B9E0B69C2B013F649C240FC8EE182" ID-CLB-Dataset="7877" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4564694" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cf4856a2-ba4a-4a53-bcf4-9ac3dc863677" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4564694" ID-ZooBank="2454C96B-5D17-4162-A3BB-296F5C0DC216" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614350268907" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Halbert, Susan E. & Burckhardt, Daniel" docDate="2020" docId="C23E8784FFC9FFB85FA5982929BB49FA" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2020.0788.1-88.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2020 (788)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Tetragonocephala flava Crawford 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="3E07FFFCFFD1FFA15F679F282A5A4F7F" masterDocTitle="The psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Florida: newly established and rarely collected taxa and checklist" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698931170995" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="C19F4E83B1BF0C8CF85816271A086649">The psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Florida: newly established and rarely collected taxa and checklist</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0CD8825E281AF858A2A56A069EF74858" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="932BE5B71782A06122973A71E398E542">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F743DC213830D704B60841CBAC22B4BD">Halbert, Susan E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="63BFC3772D1BB7559E9A675942A03500">Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, P. O. Box 147100, Gainesville, Florida 32614 - 7100 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="5D3293CAD7492B6741BDD7619F16B69A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E7196D8EF7BF5A5A4C4F9700735CCB9D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="58C49BD04C8736824585B284480D05D0">Burckhardt, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F7FC876DA0DE7883077B48A004A4F17C">Naturhistorisches Museum, Augustinergasse 2, 4001 Basel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C8B1EB9A251E680E047FD0420CC528AA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5602B8629FF21508AA8B1DA219301881">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="883099569EA3A3875B62EFD14707C5DB">
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<mods:date id="D5933343F2329FC6DCCB481005632216">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5C39E018796D31AF9F0908F8CAB3FA87">2020-09-25</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="7F41F1C4F7D4345302B06613E8FB2805" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B520E578FFE7F21133E4E4A02F1105F6">2020</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="320F53FB6E926FA3B2DADFB921E16C11">788</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="72A8968587ACEEAD2A2A498A7F2AD016" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4564694</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="69FA3A861A692FCADBE185D063214039" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C23E8784FFC9FFB85FA5982929BB49FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4585754" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180298485" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4585754" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C23E8784FFC9FFB85FA5982929BB49FA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C23E8784FFC9FFB85FA5982929BB49FA" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="028D6519FFC9FFB95FA5982928EE4861" box="[194,692,1793,1822]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4A283692FFC9FFB95FA5982928EE4861" blockId="24.[194,692,1793,1855]" box="[194,692,1793,1822]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="116081FEFFC9FFB95FA5982928EE4861" box="[194,692,1793,1822]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC9FFB95FA5982928EE4861" ID-CoL="55MWP" authority="Crawford, 1914" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1914" box="[194,692,1793,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Tetragonocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC9FFB95FA5982928EE4861" bold="true" box="[194,692,1793,1822]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC9FFB95FA598292BBD4861" bold="true" box="[194,487,1793,1822]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Tetragonocephala flava</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2E064B63FFC9FFB95E89982928EE4861" author="Crawford DL" box="[494,692,1793,1822]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" refId="ref54518" refString="Crawford DL. 1914. A monograph of the jumping plant-lice or Psyllidae of the New World. United States National Museum Bulletin 85. Government Printing office; Washington, DC. 186 p., 30 plates." type="book" year="1914">Crawford, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="028D6519FFC9FFB95FA5980D2B124840" box="[194,328,1829,1855]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4A283692FFC9FFB95FA5980D2B124840" blockId="24.[194,692,1793,1855]" box="[194,328,1829,1855]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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(
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<figureCitation id="D2AC2A17FFC9FFB95FAD980D2B654840" box="[202,319,1829,1855]" captionStart="Figures 90, 91" captionStartId="25.[194,281,633,659]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,603]" captionTargetId="figure-476@25.[192,1440,213,603]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figures 90, 91. Tetragonocephala flava. 90) Adult. 91) Fifth instar immature and lerps. (Photos by Jeff Lotz, FDACS-DPI)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4564714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4564714/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 90, 91</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="028D6519FFC9FFB95FA59865296048F6" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="4A283692FFC9FFB95FA59865296048F6" blockId="24.[194,1442,1869,1929]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC9FFB95FA598652BB54818" bold="true" box="[194,495,1869,1895]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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Materials examined.
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<collectingCountry id="32807602FFC9FFB95EDE98652BB54818" box="[441,495,1869,1895]" name="United States of America" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">USA</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC9FFB95E999865280E4818" bold="true" box="[510,596,1869,1895]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Florida</emphasis>
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: Specimens from
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<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC9FFB95C4498652EE84818" authority=", Miami-Dade, and Volusia" authorityName="Miami-Dade, and Volusia" box="[803,1202,1869,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Alachua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alachua, Miami-Dade, and Volusia</taxonomicName>
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counties (
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<collectionCode id="2C86AE57FFC9FFB95A4F98652F354818" box="[1320,1391,1869,1895]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
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, dry mounted, ethanol, envelope with dried leaves and lerps).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="1EE8661AFFC8FFB85FA59D512B054DCA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4564714" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4564714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4564714/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" startId="25.[194,281,633,659]" targetBox="[192,1440,213,603]" targetPageId="25">
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<paragraph id="4A283692FFC8FFB85FA59D512B054DCA" blockId="25.[194,1442,633,693]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85FA59D512B2B4DEB" bold="true" box="[194,369,633,660]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Figures 90, 91.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85E1B9D5228264DEB" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1914" box="[380,636,634,660]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Tetragonocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85E1B9D5228264DEB" box="[380,636,634,660]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Tetragonocephala flava</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85DEC9D5128EB4DEC" bold="true" box="[651,689,633,659]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">90)</emphasis>
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Adult.
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85C6C9D51296A4DEC" bold="true" box="[779,816,633,659]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">91)</emphasis>
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Fifth instar immature and lerps. (Photos by Jeff Lotz, FDACS-DPI).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="028D6519FFC8FFB85FA79DC229134C13" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="4A283692FFC8FFB85FA79DC229134C13" blockId="25.[192,1442,746,876]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85FA79DC22B664C7B" bold="true" box="[192,316,746,772]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85E249DC2281A4C7B" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1914" box="[323,576,746,772]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Tetragonocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85E249DC2281A4C7B" box="[323,576,746,772]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Tetragonocephala flava</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be recognized by the lerps on
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<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85CAF9DC22E5F4C7B" box="[968,1029,746,772]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85CAF9DC22E5F4C7B" box="[968,1029,746,772]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Celtis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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leaves (
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<figureCitation id="D2AC2A17FFC8FFB85B3B9DC22EF74C7B" box="[1116,1197,746,772]" captionStart="Figures 90, 91" captionStartId="25.[194,281,633,659]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,603]" captionTargetId="figure-476@25.[192,1440,213,603]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figures 90, 91. Tetragonocephala flava. 90) Adult. 91) Fifth instar immature and lerps. (Photos by Jeff Lotz, FDACS-DPI)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4564714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4564714/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
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). Lerps are clam shell shaped and open on the side. They are attached to the undersides of the leaves, often near forks in the leaf veins. Adults resemble the more common
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<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85D2A9C0728964C36" box="[589,716,815,841]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Pachypsylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85D2A9C0728964C36" box="[589,716,815,841]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Pachypsylla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, but they are pale and have six dark spots on the mesonotum and one at the posterior tip of the scutellum (
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<figureCitation id="D2AC2A17FFC8FFB85D8B9C7929674C13" box="[748,829,849,876]" captionStart="Figures 90, 91" captionStartId="25.[194,281,633,659]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,213,603]" captionTargetId="figure-476@25.[192,1440,213,603]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figures 90, 91. Tetragonocephala flava. 90) Adult. 91) Fifth instar immature and lerps. (Photos by Jeff Lotz, FDACS-DPI)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4564714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4564714/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="028D6519FFC8FFB85FA79C5429BE4A66" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="4A283692FFC8FFB85FA79C54292A4C82" blockId="25.[191,1441,892,1022]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85FA79C542B004CE9" bold="true" box="[192,346,892,918]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85E059C54283A4CE9" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1914" box="[354,608,892,918]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Tetragonocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85E059C54283A4CE9" box="[354,608,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Tetragonocephala flava</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described from the southern tip of Texas and is known from
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<collectingCountry id="32807602FFC8FFB85A2A9C542FFA4CE9" box="[1357,1440,892,918]" name="Mexico" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="2E064B63FFC8FFB85FAE9CB62B364CC7" author="Ouvrard D." box="[201,364,926,952]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" refId="ref57126" refString="Ouvrard D. 2020 Psyl'list - The World Psylloidea Database. Available at http: // www. hemiptera-databases. com / psyllist. https: // doi. org / 10.5519 / 0029634. (Last accessed June 2020.)" type="url" year="2020">Ouvrard 2020</bibRefCitation>
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). Its long presence in Florida, lack of serious damage to hosts, and the presence of a native parasite suggests that it is native to Florida. However, it possibly is adventive in Louisiana, where there was an outbreak that caused serious damage to the trees (
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<bibRefCitation id="2E064B63FFC8FFB85DE59CCB293E4C82" author="Solomon JD & Wilson AD & Leininger TD & Lester DG & McCasland CS & Clarke S & Affeltranger C." box="[642,868,995,1022]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" refId="ref57737" refString="Solomon JD, Wilson AD, Leininger TD, Lester DG, McCasland CS, Clarke S, Affeltranger C. 1997. Sugarberry dieback and mortality in southern Louisiana: Cause, impact and prognosis. USDA Forest Service Research Paper SRS- 9. 17 p." type="book" year="1997">Solomon et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4A283692FFC8FFB85FA79B2529BE4A66" blockId="25.[192,1441,1037,1305]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85FA79B2528134B58" bold="true" box="[192,585,1037,1063]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
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<collectingRegion id="8853F870FFC8FFB85FA79B252B4C4B58" box="[192,278,1037,1063]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Florida</collectingRegion>
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distribution information.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85D349B25290B4B58" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1914" box="[595,849,1037,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Tetragonocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85D349B25290B4B58" box="[595,849,1037,1063]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Tetragonocephala flava</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was recognized in
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<collectingRegion id="8853F870FFC8FFB85B4C9B252E264B58" box="[1067,1148,1037,1063]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Florida</collectingRegion>
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for the first time in
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<date id="3E291052FFC8FFB85A019B252AA24B35" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1997-04">April 1997</date>
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on
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<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85E439B1828424B35" authority="Willd." authorityName="Willd." box="[292,536,1072,1098]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laevigata">
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<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85E439B182B964B35" box="[292,460,1072,1098]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Celtis laevigata</emphasis>
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Willd.
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</taxonomicName>
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in Oak Hill (Volusia County) (FSCA# E1997-1214) (
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<bibRefCitation id="2E064B63FFC8FFB85B159B182F414B34" author="Halbert SE" box="[1138,1307,1072,1099]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="9 - 10" refId="ref54856" refString="Halbert SE. 1997 b. Entomology Section. Coile NC, Dixon WN (eds.). Tri-Ology 36 (5): 9 - 10." type="journal article" year="1997">Halbert 1997b</bibRefCitation>
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). Collectors were Avas Hamon, Ru Nguyen, Kenneth Hibbard, and L.J. Chambliss. Previously unrecognized specimens from
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<collectingRegion id="8853F870FFC8FFB85FA79B5D2B4B4BF0" box="[192,273,1141,1167]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
|
in the FSCA go back to 1957, when a specimen was collected at Snapper Creek Boy Scout Camp (Miami- Dade County) by sweeping
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85E919BBF28694BCE" box="[502,563,1175,1201]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85E919BBF28694BCE" box="[502,563,1175,1201]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Celtis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The exact date is unclear on the label, and no collector is mentioned. We have records, but no specimens, from Jacksonville (Duval County) collected
|
|
<date id="3E291052FFC8FFB85C829B912E3C4BAB" box="[997,1126,1209,1236]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1997-08-15">15.viii.1997</date>
|
|
(FSCA# E1997-3281), Lake Jem (Lake County) collected
|
|
<date id="3E291052FFC8FFB85D6F9BF428DB4B89" box="[520,641,1244,1270]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1997-07-28">28.vii.1997</date>
|
|
(FSCA# E1997-3438). The most recent collection was in Ft. Myers (Lee County) in
|
|
<date id="3E291052FFC8FFB85E259BD72BE84A66" box="[322,434,1278,1305]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="2005-06">June 2005</date>
|
|
, consisting of 6 empty lerps (FSCA# E2005-2972).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="028D6519FFC8FFB85FA79A0128A04A3B" box="[192,762,1321,1348]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="biology_ecology">
|
|
<paragraph id="4A283692FFC8FFB85FA79A0128A04A3B" blockId="25.[192,762,1321,1348]" box="[192,762,1321,1348]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85FA79A012B174A3C" bold="true" box="[192,333,1321,1347]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Host plants.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85E339A0128AC4A3B" authority="Willd." authorityName="Willd." box="[340,758,1321,1348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laevigata">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85E339A012BA04A3C" box="[340,506,1321,1347]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Celtis laevigata</emphasis>
|
|
Willd. (Cannabaceae)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="028D6519FFC8FFB85FA79A7B29BB49FA" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="4A283692FFC8FFB85FA79A7B2ED24966" blockId="25.[191,1440,1363,1562]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85FA79A7B2B124A12" bold="true" box="[192,328,1363,1389]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Comments.</emphasis>
|
|
In
|
|
<collectingRegion id="8853F870FFC8FFB85E089A7B2B844A12" box="[367,478,1363,1389]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
|
|
, major dieback of stands of
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85C7B9A7C29C54A12" box="[796,927,1363,1390]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
|
C.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85C5B9A7B29C54A12" box="[828,927,1363,1389]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laevigata">laevigata</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
was attributed to high populations of
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85A289A7C2F394A12" box="[1359,1379,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">T.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85A0D9A7B2BEB4AEF" authority="(Solomon et al. 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Solomon" baseAuthorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Tetragonocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85A0D9A7B2FFA4A12" box="[1386,1440,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">flava</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2E064B63FFC8FFB85FAF9A5E2BF34AEF" author="Solomon JD & Wilson AD & Leininger TD & Lester DG & McCasland CS & Clarke S & Affeltranger C." box="[200,425,1398,1424]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" refId="ref57737" refString="Solomon JD, Wilson AD, Leininger TD, Lester DG, McCasland CS, Clarke S, Affeltranger C. 1997. Sugarberry dieback and mortality in southern Louisiana: Cause, impact and prognosis. USDA Forest Service Research Paper SRS- 9. 17 p." type="book" year="1997">Solomon et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. In
|
|
<collectingRegion id="8853F870FFC8FFB85EBE9A5E28764AEF" box="[473,556,1398,1424]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
|
, no similar destruction of trees was observed, possibly because of a native parasite,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85F959AB029494ACC" authority="(Burks, 1943)" baseAuthorityName="Burks" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[242,787,1432,1459]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Aprostocetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gelastus">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85F959AB02B834ACD" box="[242,473,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Aprostocetus gelastus</emphasis>
|
|
(Burks, 1943) (Eulophidae)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, that controlled psyllid populations (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2E064B63FFC8FFB85BCA9AB02F084ACD" author="Halbert SE" box="[1197,1362,1432,1458]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="7" refId="ref54829" refString="Halbert SE. 1997 a. Entomology Section. Coile NC, Dixon WN (eds.). Tri-Ology 36 (2): 7." type="journal article" year="1997">Halbert 1997a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). More recently, the Asian aphid,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85EBB9A9228B14AAA" authority="Das, 1918" authorityName="Das" authorityYear="1918" box="[476,747,1466,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Shivaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celti">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85EBB9A92282F4AAB" box="[476,629,1466,1492]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Shivaphis celti</emphasis>
|
|
Das, 1918
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85D9B9A92292F4AAA" box="[764,885,1466,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphididae</taxonomicName>
|
|
) has become established on
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85BCB9A932F764AAB" box="[1196,1324,1466,1493]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
|
C.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85BAE9A922F764AAB" box="[1225,1324,1466,1492]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laevigata">laevigata</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
in
|
|
<collectingRegion id="8853F870FFC8FFB85A299A922FC54AAB" box="[1358,1439,1466,1492]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2E064B63FFC8FFB85FA09AF52BFA4A88" author="Halbert SE & Remaudiere G & Webb SE" box="[199,416,1501,1527]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="79 - 91" refId="ref55571" refString="Halbert SE, Remaudiere G, Webb SE. 2000. Newly established and rarely collected aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Florida and the Southeastern United States. Florida Entomologist 83: 79 - 91." type="journal article" year="2000">Halbert et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). This aphid is very abundant and may prevent build-up of populations of
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85B929AF62F1D4A88" box="[1269,1351,1501,1527]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
|
T.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85A769AF52F1D4A88" box="[1297,1351,1501,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Tetragonocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">flava</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
, which, based on submitted samples, has been rare since the establishment of
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85CA099282E574966" box="[967,1037,1535,1562]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
|
S.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85C869AD72E574966" authorityName="Das" authorityYear="1918" box="[993,1037,1535,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Shivaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celti">celti</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
in
|
|
<collectingRegion id="8853F870FFC8FFB85B579AD72EDE4966" box="[1072,1156,1535,1561]" country="Uruguay" name="Florida" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4A283692FFC8FFB85DEB996B2E4E491F" blockId="25.[652,1044,1602,1669]" box="[652,1044,1602,1632]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85DEB996B2E4E491F" authority="Vondracek, 1957" authorityName="Vondracek" authorityYear="1957" box="[652,1044,1602,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rhinocolinae">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85DEB996B2E4E491F" bold="true" box="[652,1044,1602,1632]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Rhinocolinae Vondráček, 1957</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4A283692FFC8FFB85DD8994029BB49FA" blockId="25.[652,1044,1602,1669]" box="[703,993,1640,1669]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D974D11FFC8FFB85DD8994029BB49FA" authority="Brethes, 1920" authorityName="Brethes" authorityYear="1920" box="[703,993,1640,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Tainarys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85DD8994029BB49FA" bold="true" box="[703,993,1640,1669]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
|
<emphasis id="78E3EA80FFC8FFB85DD89940297449FB" bold="true" box="[703,814,1640,1668]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Tainarys</emphasis>
|
|
Brèthes, 1920
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |