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<document ID-DOI="10.1643/i2020127" ID-ISSN="2766-1520" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7846827" checkinTime="1681927773637" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Orr, James Wilder" docDate="2021" docId="0E318663DC26C13F4300FCDEFCF49B47" docLanguage="en" docName="IchthyolHerpetol.109.2.456-466.pdf" docOrigin="Ichthyology &amp; Herpetology 109 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/i2020127" docStyle="DocumentStyle:25DEBD253B07840CEE0E8BE8BE2C6752:IchthyolHerpetol.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="25DEBD253B07840CEE0E8BE8BE2C6752" docStyleName="IchthyolHerpetol.2021-.journal_article" docTitle="Careproctus maslenikovae Orr 2021, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="463" masterDocId="F208FE1BDC20C1384367FFF2FFD89D1B" masterDocTitle="Three New Small Snailfishes of the Genus Careproctus (Teleostei: Cottiformes: Liparidae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska" masterLastPageNumber="466" masterPageNumber="456" pageNumber="462" updateTime="1681928130920" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Three New Small Snailfishes of the Genus Careproctus (Teleostei: Cottiformes: Liparidae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Orr, James Wilder</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Ichthyology &amp; Herpetology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-06-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>109</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>456</mods:start>
<mods:end>466</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/i2020127</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1643/i2020127</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2766-1520</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7846827</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E318663DC26C13F4300FCDEFCF49B47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E318663DC26C13F4300FCDEFCF49B47" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="6.[103,558,812,835]" box="[103,558,812,835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<heading bold="true" box="[103,558,812,835]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" reason="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[103,558,812,835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<taxonomicName authority="Orr, 2021" authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[103,399,812,835]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maslenikovae" status="new species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[103,399,812,835]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Careproctus maslenikovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[414,558,812,835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[103,676,841,953]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<uri pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid pageId="6" pageNumber="462">6D0043CE-B8C6-4F26-9FCE- AB993CFD0D63</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="6.[103,676,841,953]" box="[103,287,900,923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Blushing Snailfish</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[103,676,841,953]" box="[103,421,930,953]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<figureCitation box="[103,216,930,953]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="1.[142,170,1898,1918]" captionTargetBox="[207,1464,178,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-1@1.[207,1464,178,1868]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIG. 1. (A) Careproctus spiraki, new species, UW 159753, 52.5 mm, holotype, Aleutian Islands, Seguam Pass, 52.32558N, 172.74668W, 457 m depth; (B) Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, UW 155708, 36.9 mm, holotype, ripe female, Aleutian Islands, west of the Islands of Four Mountains, 52.64668N, 170.20278W, 234 m depth; (C) Careproctus lacrima, new species, UW 200024 (out of UW 49434), 50.2 mm, ripe female, holotype, Aleutian Islands, north of Tanaga Island, 52.00388N, 177.82788W, 111 m depth; (D) Careproctus canus, UW 156561, 198 mm, southeast of Buldir Island, 52.10178N, 176.0048E, 174 m depth. All photographed before preservation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7846829/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Figures 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[228,260,930,953]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[103,131,1898,1918]" captionTargetBox="[106,1486,178,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-1@2.[106,1486,178,1869]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 2. (A) Careproctus spiraki, new species, UW 159753, 52.5 mm, holotype, Aleutian Islands, Seguam Pass, 52.32558N, 172.74668W, 457 m depth; (B) Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, UW 155708, 36.9 mm, holotype, ripe female, Aleutian Islands, west of the Islands of Four Mountains, 52.64668N, 170.20278W, 234 m depth; (C) Careproctus lacrima, new species, UW 200024 (out of UW 49434), 50.2 mm, ripe female, holotype, Aleutian Islands, north of Tanaga Island, 52.00388N, 177.82788W, 111 m depth; (D) Careproctus canus, UW 47852, 170 mm, southeast of Buldir Island, 52.10178N, 176.0048E, 174 m depth. All photographed after preservation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7846833/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[270,302,930,953]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[142,170,762,782]" captionTargetBox="[142,1528,178,733]" captionTargetId="figure-259@3.[142,1528,178,733]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 3. Right medial views of pectoral girdles. (A) Careproctus spiraki, new species, paratype, UW 155713, 42.6 mm; (B) Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, paratype, UW 200022, 40.3 mm; (C) Careproctus lacrima, new species, paratype, UW 200046, 50.4 mm; (D) Careproctus canus, UW 47852, ca. 170 mm with regenerated caudal fin. Shaded areas represent cartilage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7846835/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[313,330,930,953]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[142,170,1949,1969]" captionTargetBox="[142,1530,1274,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-318@3.[142,1530,1274,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 4. Distribution of three new species of Careproctus from the Aleutian Islands based on all known material: Careproctus spiraki, new species (white circle), Careproctus maslenikovae, new species (gray triangle), and Careproctus lacrima, new species (black circle). Each symbol may represent more than one capture. Holotype localities are represented by stars. Bottom contour illustrated is 200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7846837/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">4</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation box="[341,421,930,953]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[103,151,178,198]" captionText="Table 1. Proportional morphometric and meristic characters of Careproctus spiraki, new species, Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, and Careproctus lacrima, new species. Morphometric data are given in percent standard length and presented as the range, followed by the mean 6" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Table 1</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="6.[103,772,983,1093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-06-15" collectionCode="V" collectorName="J. W. Orr" elevation="234" latitude="52.64668" location="Aleutian Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-170.20277" municipality="Islands of Four Mountains" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" specimenCode="UW 155708" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[103,228,983,1006]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<typeStatus box="[103,200,983,1006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Holotype</typeStatus>
.—
</emphasis>
<specimenCode box="[227,370,983,1005]" collectionCode="UW" country="USA" name="University of Washington Fish Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="Museum">UW 155708</specimenCode>
*,
<quantity box="[399,509,983,1005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.69" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="36.9">36.9 mm</quantity>
, ripe female,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E318663DC26C13F4300FCDEFCF49B47:834761AEDC26C13E41C0FC25FF6E9910" latitude="52.64668" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-170.20277" municipality="Islands of Four Mountains" name="Aleutian Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Aleutian Islands</location>
, west of the
<collectingMunicipality box="[334,636,1013,1035]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Islands of Four Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[650,768,1012,1034]" degrees="52.64668" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" precision="1" value="52.64668">52.64668N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[103,240,1042,1064]" degrees="170.20278" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" precision="1" value="-170.20277">170.20278W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation box="[256,413,1042,1064]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="234.0">
<quantity box="[256,333,1042,1064]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="234.0">234 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, F/
<collectionCode box="[452,469,1042,1063]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName box="[483,579,1042,1064]" class="Mammalia" family="Delphinidae" genus="Gladiator" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[483,579,1042,1064]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Gladiator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, cruise 2006-01, haul 35, benthic bag,
<collectorName box="[348,448,1072,1093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">J. W. Orr</collectorName>
,
<date box="[460,611,1071,1093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" value="2006-06-15">
<collectingDate box="[460,611,1071,1093]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" value="2006-06-15">15 June 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[103,773,1125,1381]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-06-28" collectionCode="V" collectorName="Sea Storm &amp; K. P. Maslenikov" elevation="322" latitude="51.60848" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-178.85988" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" specimenCode="SIO 20-13, UW 200023" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[103,237,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<typeStatus box="[103,210,1125,1148]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.—
</emphasis>
<specimenCount box="[237,377,1125,1147]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
,
<quantity box="[389,554,1125,1146]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4849999999999994" metricValueMax="4.029999999999999" metricValueMin="2.94" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="34.849999999999994" valueMax="40.3" valueMin="29.4">29.4–40.3 mm</quantity>
.
<specimenCode box="[566,677,1125,1146]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="University or college">SIO 20-13</specimenCode>
(ex
<specimenCode collectionCode="UW" country="USA" name="University of Washington Fish Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="Museum">UW 200023</specimenCode>
), 37.0 mm, ripe female,
<geoCoordinate box="[455,573,1154,1176]" degrees="51.60848" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" precision="1" value="51.60848">51.60848N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[585,721,1154,1176]" degrees="178.85988" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" precision="1" value="-178.85988">178.85988W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.22" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="322.0">
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.22" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="322.0">322 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, F/
<collectionCode box="[231,248,1184,1205]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<emphasis box="[255,354,1184,1205]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<collectorName box="[255,354,1184,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Sea Storm</collectorName>
</emphasis>
, cruise 2002-01, haul 76, benthic bag,
<collectorName box="[103,283,1213,1235]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">K. P. Maslenikov</collectorName>
,
<date box="[292,438,1213,1235]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" value="2002-06-28">
<collectingDate box="[292,438,1213,1235]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" value="2002-06-28">28 June 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-07-02" collectionCode="V" collectorName="W. C. Flerx" elevation="261" latitude="51.67168" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-178.31117" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" specimenCode="UW 154503" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode box="[448,581,1213,1235]" collectionCode="UW" country="USA" name="University of Washington Fish Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="Museum">UW 154503</specimenCode>
*,
<quantity box="[602,702,1213,1235]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.94" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="29.4">29.4 mm</quantity>
, male,
<geoCoordinate box="[103,221,1242,1264]" degrees="51.67168" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" precision="1" value="51.67168">51.67168N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[235,372,1242,1264]" degrees="178.31118" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" precision="1" value="-178.31117">178.31118W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation box="[385,534,1242,1265]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.61" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="261.0">
<quantity box="[385,457,1242,1264]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.61" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="261.0">261 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, F/
<collectionCode box="[570,587,1243,1264]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName box="[596,692,1242,1264]" class="Mammalia" family="Delphinidae" genus="Gladiator" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[596,692,1242,1264]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Gladiator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, cruise 2006-01, haul 91,
<collectorName box="[304,429,1272,1294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">W. C. Flerx</collectorName>
,
<date box="[439,567,1272,1294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" value="2006-07-02">
<collectingDate box="[439,567,1272,1294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" value="2006-07-02">2 July 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2002-06-26" collectionCode="V" collectorName="Sea Storm &amp; K. P. Maslenikov" elevation="280" latitude="51.45648" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-178.44598" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" specimenCode="UW 200022" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode box="[578,714,1272,1293]" collectionCode="UW" country="USA" name="University of Washington Fish Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="Museum">UW 200022</specimenCode>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.029999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="40.3">40.3 mm</quantity>
, ripe female,
<geoCoordinate box="[299,417,1301,1323]" degrees="51.45648" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" precision="1" value="51.45648">51.45648N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[429,566,1301,1323]" degrees="178.44598" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" precision="1" value="-178.44598">178.44598W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation box="[577,722,1301,1323]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="280.0">
<quantity box="[577,647,1301,1323]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="280.0">280 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, F/
<collectionCode box="[755,772,1301,1322]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<emphasis box="[103,204,1331,1352]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<collectorName box="[103,204,1331,1352]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Sea Storm</collectorName>
</emphasis>
, cruise 2002-01, haul 72,
<collectorName box="[493,676,1331,1353]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">K. P. Maslenikov</collectorName>
,
<date pageId="6" pageNumber="462" value="2002-06-26">
<collectingDate pageId="6" pageNumber="462" value="2002-06-26">26 June 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="6.[103,773,1413,2024]" lastBlockId="6.[820,1490,179,290]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis box="[103,501,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[103,236,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Diagnosis.—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[236,501,1413,1435]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maslenikovae">Careproctus maslenikovae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is distinguished from all other described North Pacific species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Krøyer" authorityYear="1862" box="[537,657,1443,1464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[537,657,1443,1464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Careproctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a robust body covered with small bumps and anterior dorsal-fin rays forming a lobe with deeply exserted rays.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spiraki">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Careproctus spiraki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares these characters but
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[492,662,1531,1553]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maslenikovae">
<emphasis box="[492,662,1531,1553]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">C. maslenikovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in its more robust, shorter body reflected in having a greater body depth at pelvic disc (24.1–30.9 % vs. 17.3–24.6 % in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spiraki">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">C. spiraki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), greater head width (15.1–20.1 % vs. 11.1–14.9 %); more anteriorly placed anus, with snout to anus length 34.4– 37.2 % (vs. 24.9–33.1 %); anus placed farther from the posterior edge of the pelvic disc (5.8–7.0 % vs. 1.6–5.6 %); longer pre-anal-fin length (43.9–47.7 % vs. 34.4–43.2 %); and shorter length posterior to anal-fin origin (52.3–56.1 vs. 56.8–65.6 %). The following meristic characters are also less in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[133,301,1825,1847]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maslenikovae">
<emphasis box="[133,301,1825,1847]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">C. maslenikovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[396,495,1825,1847]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spiraki">
<emphasis box="[396,495,1825,1847]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">C. spiraki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: vertebrae 42–43 (vs.
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1176" metricValueMax="1.1684" metricValueMin="1.0668" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="in" value="44.0" valueMax="46.0" valueMin="42.0">42– 46 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[183,291,1854,1876]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spiraki">
<emphasis box="[183,291,1854,1876]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">C. spiraki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), dorsal-fin rays 38–40 (vs. 38–43), and pectoral-fin rays 26–29 (vs. 28–32).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[505,772,1884,1906]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maslenikovae">
<emphasis box="[505,772,1884,1906]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Careproctus maslenikovae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar to
<taxonomicName authority="Orr, 2021" authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[298,408,1913,1935]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacrima" status="new species">
<emphasis box="[298,408,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">C. lacrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[424,559,1913,1935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but is further and readily distinguished from it in its more slender body with its tight skin (vs. more robust body with loose skin in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacrima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">C. lacrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), two suprabranchial pores (vs. one pore), two separate chin pores (vs. one chin pore), and far lower meristic counts (dorsal-fin rays 38–40 vs.
<quantity box="[1202,1303,208,230]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2573" metricValueMax="1.3208" metricValueMin="1.1938" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="in" value="49.5" valueMax="52.0" valueMin="47.0">47–52 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName authority="Orr, 2021" authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[1314,1426,208,230]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacrima" status="new species">
<emphasis box="[1314,1426,208,230]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">C. lacrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="6" pageNumber="462" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
; anal-fin rays 32–33 vs. 43–45; pectoral-fin rays 26–29 vs. 32–38; and total vertebrae 42–43 vs. 53–57).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1491,320,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,969,320,343]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Description.—</emphasis>
Body stout, tapering posteriorly, slightly compressed, depth at dorsal-fin origin 92.7–111.5 (109.6) % HL. Body posterior to anal-fin origin short, about 52.3–56.1 (52.3) % SL. Head moderately large, 26.0–28.5 (28.2) % SL, dorsal profile rounded from nape to snout. Snout rounded, slightly projecting beyond upper jaw, slightly longer than orbit, 26.1–36.5 (32.7) % HL. Mouth small, maxilla 38.3–46.9 (45.2) % HL, extending to mid-orbit, oral cleft extending anterior to orbit. Lower jaw slightly inferior, premaxillary tooth plates matching mandibular tooth plates. Premaxillary and mandibular teeth trilobed in 8 or 9 oblique rows, increasing from four to six teeth in anteromedial rows to nine teeth in posterolateral rows. Diastema absent at symphysis of upper and lower jaws. Orbit large, 24.0–29.8 (29.8) % HL, dorsal margin below dorsal contour of head, suborbital depth to oral cleft 54.6–78.3 (61.3) % OL; pupil round. Interorbital space broad, fleshy width 47.9–56.7 (56.7) % HL, bony width 23.5–30.1 (29.8) % HL, slightly convex. Nostril single, with base of well-developed tube at level with upper part of orbit; nostril tube length 6.1–7.7 (7.7) % HL, 22.6–30.4 (27.3) % OL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1491,320,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Pores of cephalic lateralis of moderate size: nasal pores two, maxillary pores six, preoperculomandibular pores seven, suprabranchial pores two (pore pattern 2-6-7-2); chin pores paired in separate pits. Interorbital pore absent. Free neuromasts not observed.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1491,320,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Gill rakers 6–9 (8), short, rounded with tiny spines. Gill opening small, 14.6–22.9 (19.2) % HL, upper margin at level of mid-orbit or dorsal part of orbit, extending to just above pectoral fin. Opercular flap narrowly rounded. Branchiostegal rays six.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1491,320,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
Dorsal-fin rays 38–40 (39;
<tableCitation box="[1170,1255,1235,1258]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[103,151,178,198]" captionText="Table 1. Proportional morphometric and meristic characters of Careproctus spiraki, new species, Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, and Careproctus lacrima, new species. Morphometric data are given in percent standard length and presented as the range, followed by the mean 6" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Table 1</tableCitation>
), anterior 5–6 rays exserted, deeply emarginate, forming slight lobe, anterior uniserial and unsegmented, more posterior rays biserial and segmented; all rays simple. Predorsal inserted between neural spines two and three, anteriormost dorsal-fin pterygiophore inserted between neural spines three and four, together bearing a single ray.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1491,320,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
Anal-fin rays 32–33 (32;
<tableCitation box="[1167,1257,1441,1464]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[103,151,178,198]" captionText="Table 1. Proportional morphometric and meristic characters of Careproctus spiraki, new species, Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, and Careproctus lacrima, new species. Morphometric data are given in percent standard length and presented as the range, followed by the mean 6" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Table 1</tableCitation>
), all rays biserial, segmented, and simple. One or two anal-fin pterygiophores each bearing a single ray anterior to first haemal spine. Anal-fin origin below vertebrae 11–12 (caudal vertebrae 1–2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1491,320,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
Pectoral fin moderately notched, with 26–29 (29) rays (
<tableCitation box="[827,905,1589,1612]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[103,151,178,198]" captionText="Table 1. Proportional morphometric and meristic characters of Careproctus spiraki, new species, Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, and Careproctus lacrima, new species. Morphometric data are given in percent standard length and presented as the range, followed by the mean 6" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Upper lobe of 20–22 (22) rays extending to anal-fin origin or beyond to anal-fin ray two, dorsalmost rays lengthening to rays 5–6, more ventral rays gradually shortening to shortest ray of notch. Lower lobe short, with 7–8 (7) rays, extending to anus; dorsal rays gradually lengthening to thick and fleshy rays 3–4, ventral rays gradually shortening to ventralmost ray near pectoral symphysis. Tips of rays 5–40 % free of membrane, lower rays more strongly exserted. Rays in notch slightly more widely spaced than rays of lobes. Uppermost pectoral-fin ray level with ventral rim of orbit. Lowermost pectoral-fin ray below posterior rim of orbit.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1491,320,2024]" lastBlockId="7.[142,812,179,850]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">
Proximal pectoral radials four (
<quantity box="[1230,1311,1943,1964]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="462" unit="t" value="1.0">
1
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1240,1256,1943,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">þ</emphasis>
1
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1268,1284,1943,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">þ</emphasis>
1
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1295,1311,1943,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">þ</emphasis>
</quantity>
1), robust, unnotched, radial four not widely spaced from radial three, radial 2 larger than all others (
<figureCitation box="[1189,1273,2001,2024]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[142,170,762,782]" captionTargetBox="[142,1528,178,733]" captionTargetId="figure-259@3.[142,1528,178,733]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 3. Right medial views of pectoral girdles. (A) Careproctus spiraki, new species, paratype, UW 155713, 42.6 mm; (B) Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, paratype, UW 200022, 40.3 mm; (C) Careproctus lacrima, new species, paratype, UW 200046, 50.4 mm; (D) Careproctus canus, UW 47852, ca. 170 mm with regenerated caudal fin. Shaded areas represent cartilage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7846835/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="462">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Scapular fenestra small, other fenestrae absent. Scapula with slender strong helve; coracoid narrowly triangular with broad lamina. Distal radials present at base of all except the first pectoral-fin ray, more ventral distal radials reduced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[142,812,179,850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Pelvic disk large, 40.4–44.6 (42.7) % HL, flat, round, about equal in length to width, anterior lobe moderately developed, flat with margins often slightly upturned. Anus closer to pelvic disk than to anal-fin origin.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[142,812,179,850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">
Principal caudal-fin rays 10–11 (11;
<tableCitation box="[621,709,414,437]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[103,151,178,198]" captionText="Table 1. Proportional morphometric and meristic characters of Careproctus spiraki, new species, Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, and Careproctus lacrima, new species. Morphometric data are given in percent standard length and presented as the range, followed by the mean 6" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Table 1</tableCitation>
), dorsal procurrent rays 1, ventral procurrent rays 1. Membrane of posterior dorsal-fin rays attached to caudal fin 14.0–27.9 (20.0) % CL; posterior anal-fin rays, 14.0–30.8 (20.0) % CL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[142,812,179,850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Skin thin, small rounded bumps covered with tiny prickles widespread over body. Pyloric caeca 16–18, thick, length about 43% HL.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[142,812,179,850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">
Vertebrae 42–43 (43), 9 precaudal, 33–34 (34) caudal (
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[103,151,178,198]" captionText="Table 1. Proportional morphometric and meristic characters of Careproctus spiraki, new species, Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, and Careproctus lacrima, new species. Morphometric data are given in percent standard length and presented as the range, followed by the mean 6" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Pleural ribs absent or one reduced pair on penultimate precaudal vertebra. Hypural plate composed of dorsal and ventral plates divided by deep split about 50–75 % length of plate. Single epural present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[142,812,179,850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">
Of
<specimenCount box="[205,376,768,790]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
examined, three, including the
<typeStatus pageId="7" pageNumber="463">holotype</typeStatus>
, were females
<quantity box="[348,506,798,820]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8599999999999994" metricValueMax="4.029999999999999" metricValueMin="3.69" pageId="7" pageNumber="463" unit="mm" value="38.599999999999994" valueMax="40.3" valueMin="36.9">36.9–40.3 mm</quantity>
with ripe eggs. The smallest specimen was a
<quantity box="[323,424,827,849]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.94" pageId="7" pageNumber="463" unit="mm" value="29.4">29.4 mm</quantity>
immature male (UW 154503).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[142,812,880,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[142,284,880,903]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Coloration.—</emphasis>
In life, body overall light red-orange (
<figureCitation box="[718,798,880,903]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="1.[142,170,1898,1918]" captionTargetBox="[207,1464,178,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-1@1.[207,1464,178,1868]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIG. 1. (A) Careproctus spiraki, new species, UW 159753, 52.5 mm, holotype, Aleutian Islands, Seguam Pass, 52.32558N, 172.74668W, 457 m depth; (B) Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, UW 155708, 36.9 mm, holotype, ripe female, Aleutian Islands, west of the Islands of Four Mountains, 52.64668N, 170.20278W, 234 m depth; (C) Careproctus lacrima, new species, UW 200024 (out of UW 49434), 50.2 mm, ripe female, holotype, Aleutian Islands, north of Tanaga Island, 52.00388N, 177.82788W, 111 m depth; (D) Careproctus canus, UW 156561, 198 mm, southeast of Buldir Island, 52.10178N, 176.0048E, 174 m depth. All photographed before preservation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7846829/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
). Top of head from nape to snout pale, unpigmented. Red slash extending from nares posteriorly over eyes and joining pigmented red-orange cheeks. Anterior pores of head surrounded by unpigmented areas, lips unpigmented. Bright white flash behind pectoral fin over side of abdomen; pale, unpigmented area posterior to white flash above anal-fin origin extending to dorsal-fin base posterior to anterior lobe. All fins with red rays, membranes unpigmented. Eye black. Peritoneum and orobranchial cavity pale; stomach, intestines, pyloric caeca, and urogenital papilla pale. When preserved, body uniformly pale with scattered fine dark speckling (
<figureCitation box="[261,340,1234,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[103,131,1898,1918]" captionTargetBox="[106,1486,178,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-1@2.[106,1486,178,1869]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 2. (A) Careproctus spiraki, new species, UW 159753, 52.5 mm, holotype, Aleutian Islands, Seguam Pass, 52.32558N, 172.74668W, 457 m depth; (B) Careproctus maslenikovae, new species, UW 155708, 36.9 mm, holotype, ripe female, Aleutian Islands, west of the Islands of Four Mountains, 52.64668N, 170.20278W, 234 m depth; (C) Careproctus lacrima, new species, UW 200024 (out of UW 49434), 50.2 mm, ripe female, holotype, Aleutian Islands, north of Tanaga Island, 52.00388N, 177.82788W, 111 m depth; (D) Careproctus canus, UW 47852, 170 mm, southeast of Buldir Island, 52.10178N, 176.0048E, 174 m depth. All photographed after preservation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7846833/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="463" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="7.[142,812,1287,1456]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">
<emphasis box="[142,574,1287,1310]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[142,298,1287,1310]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Distribution.—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Orr" authorityYear="2021" box="[298,574,1287,1309]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Liparidae" genus="Careproctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maslenikovae">Careproctus maslenikovae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
has been collected only in the Aleutian Islands at depths of
<quantity box="[626,753,1317,1338]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" metricValueMax="3.22" metricValueMin="2.34" pageId="7" pageNumber="463" unit="m" value="278.0" valueMax="322.0" valueMin="234.0">234–322 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[142,170,1949,1969]" captionTargetBox="[142,1530,1274,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-318@3.[142,1530,1274,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 4. Distribution of three new species of Careproctus from the Aleutian Islands based on all known material: Careproctus spiraki, new species (white circle), Careproctus maslenikovae, new species (gray triangle), and Careproctus lacrima, new species (black circle). Each symbol may represent more than one capture. Holotype localities are represented by stars. Bottom contour illustrated is 200 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7846837/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). The
<typeStatus box="[225,324,1346,1368]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">holotype</typeStatus>
was collected just west of the Islands of Four Mountains (
<geoCoordinate box="[285,383,1375,1397]" degrees="170.28" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="463" precision="555" value="-170.28">170.28W</geoCoordinate>
), while all
<typeStatus box="[527,632,1376,1397]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">paratypes</typeStatus>
were collected about
<quantity box="[215,302,1405,1427]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="463" unit="km" value="600.0">600 km</quantity>
to the west in the vicinity of Tanaga Island (
<geoCoordinate box="[150,245,1434,1456]" degrees="178.38" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="463" precision="555" value="-178.38">178.38W</geoCoordinate>
to
<geoCoordinate box="[284,382,1434,1456]" degrees="178.98" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="463" precision="555" value="-178.98">178.98W</geoCoordinate>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="463" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="7.[142,812,1488,1628]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[142,283,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Etymology.—</emphasis>
Named for the diligent collector of many snailfish
<typeStatus box="[196,254,1518,1539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">types</typeStatus>
and other specimens, Katherine P. Maslenikov, Collections Manager of the Burke Museum’s Fish Collection at the University of
<collectingRegion box="[359,496,1576,1598]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="7" pageNumber="463">Washington</collectingRegion>
, and for her contributions to and cheerful support of ichthyology in the Pacific Northwest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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