treatments-xml/data/C5/14/AC/C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0.xml

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<mods:title id="0A12C2F0BE160CCF1EC9CC6A7DF81FFB">A new species of the Daphnia sinevi group (Crustacea: Cladocera: Daphniidae) from Sakhalin Island, Russian Far East</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AD57E1207540F022F5CB222E8B211267">Garibian, Petr G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ED83D2E189905A080BEBE95CDE1B0E23">A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia &amp; petr. garibyan 21 @ mail. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4505 - 3133</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E1763BFB6C58B8F845BC68C8966FB543">Kotov, Alexey A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="011700271255B20947670F08D5256FB1">A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298FB658CFFDCCFAF0" bold="true" box="[151,523,1266,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2945298FB658CFFE6AFAF0" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,429,1266,1293]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhalinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298FB658CFFE6AFAF0" bold="true" box="[151,429,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Daphnia sakhalinensis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2945298E9558CEFDCCFAF0" box="[436,523,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2945298FB6592AFEE7FACC" blockId="5.[151,523,1266,1329]" box="[151,288,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
(
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2945298FBE592AFEDFFACC" box="[159,280,1303,1329]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStart-3="FIGURE 7" captionStart-4="FIGURE 8" captionStart-5="FIGURE 9" captionStart-6="FIGURE 10" captionStart-7="FIGURE 11" captionStart-8="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1711,1735]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,1485,1509]" captionStartId-3="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionStartId-4="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionStartId-5="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionStartId-6="13.[151,250,1677,1701]" captionStartId-7="14.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionStartId-8="15.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox-0="[153,1436,310,1687]" captionTargetBox-1="[188,1403,189,1834]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1434,191,1454]" captionTargetBox-3="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetBox-4="[159,1427,386,1868]" captionTargetBox-5="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetBox-6="[193,1396,403,1636]" captionTargetBox-7="[159,1429,353,1799]" captionTargetBox-8="[159,1429,816,1945]" captionTargetId-0="figure-91@6.[151,1436,309,1688]" captionTargetId-1="figure-27@8.[184,1403,181,1852]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1461]" captionTargetId-3="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetId-4="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1879]" captionTargetId-5="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetId-6="figure-94@13.[181,1406,381,1653]" captionTargetId-7="figure-89@14.[151,1436,345,1807]" captionTargetId-8="figure-336@15.[151,1436,813,1949]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="10" captionTargetPageId-4="11" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionTargetPageId-6="13" captionTargetPageId-7="14" captionTargetPageId-8="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., parthenogenetic female from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult, lateral view. B, its antero-dorsal view. C, head, lateral view. D–E, postabdominal claws with different morphology. F, armature of inner face of posterior valve margin. G, exopodite III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm for A–E, I, and 0.01 mm for F–H." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from the Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–D, its head. E–F, postabdomen. G–J, postabdominal claw. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, and 0.1 mm for B–J." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–C, its head. D, postabdomen. E–I, postabdominal claw. J, armature of inner side of posterior margin. K, juvenile female, instar I. L, juvenile male, instar I, head. M, postabdominal claw of male I. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, D, and 0.1 mm for B–C, E–O." captionText-3="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 8. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." captionText-5="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." captionText-6="FIGURE 10. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, ephippial female, lateral view. B, reticulation on central portion of ephippium. C, dorsal portion of ephippium. D, adult male, lateral view. E–K, head, lateral view. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." captionText-7="FIGURE 11. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., adult male from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–B, male antenna I. C, anterior and ventral margin of valves. D, setae at posterior portion of ventral margin. E–G, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve in male. H, caudal spine. I–J, limb I. K, copulatory hook of IDL. L–M, stiff setae of inner-distal portion of limb II. Scale bars 0.1 mm." captionText-8="FIGURE 12. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871. A–D, male postabdomen. E–G, postabdomenal claw. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398099" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398101" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398105" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398115" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398117" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398121" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4398099/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4398101/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4398105/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/4398115/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/4398117/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/4398121/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Figs. 4–12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2945298FB65966FCEDFA8E" blockId="5.[151,810,1371,1396]" box="[151,810,1371,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2945298FB65966FEF6FA8E" box="[151,305,1371,1395]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinevi">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298FB65966FEF6FA8E" box="[151,305,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Daphnia sinevi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group clade F in 
<bibRefCitation id="292C60E7BE2945298EC25961FD05FA8E" author="Kotov, A. A. &amp; Taylor, D. J." box="[483,706,1371,1395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" pagination="6812" refId="ref9917" refString="Kotov, A. A. &amp; Taylor, D. J. (2019) Contrasting endemism in pond-dwelling cyclic parthenogens: the Daphnia curvirostris species group (Crustacea: Cladocera). Scientific Reports, 9, 6812. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 019 - 43281 - 9" type="journal article" year="2019">Kotov &amp; Taylor 2019</bibRefCitation>
: figs. 1–2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05A74E9DBE2945298FB6599CFF27FA22" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2945298FB6599CFF27FA22" blockId="5.[151,1437,1441,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298FB6599CFEDFFA46" bold="true" box="[151,280,1441,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Etymology</emphasis>
. This species is named after 
<collectingRegion id="8F79D3F4BE2945298D50599CFD11FA46" box="[625,726,1441,1467]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
, a huge island in the Russian Far East, where the taxon was found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05A74E9DBE29452A8FE659D4FC67FEE0" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="491" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2945298FE659D4FB2FF9DA" blockId="5.[151,1437,1441,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298FE659D4FEA2F9FE" bold="true" box="[199,357,1513,1539]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Type locality.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="FDD5174BBE2945298E4A59D7FB22F9DA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014868305" collectingDate="2008-09-15" collectorName="A. A. Kotov &amp; N. M. Korovchinsky" country="Russia" county="The" latitude="47.31561" location="Japanese" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7009" municipality="Island" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sakhalin">
<location id="48624BCDBE2945298E4A59D7FE08F9F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2945298E4A59D7FE08F9F9" box="[363,463,1514,1540]" country="Russia" county="The" latitude="47.31561" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7009" municipality="Island" name="Japanese" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" stateProvince="Sakhalin">Japanese</location>
sewage pond 3 (
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298DA659D4FCD6F9F9" box="[647,785,1513,1540]" degrees="47.31561" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="1" value="47.31561">47.31561ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298C3D59D4FC66F9FE" box="[796,929,1513,1539]" degrees="142.7009" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="5" value="142.7009">142.7009ºE</geoCoordinate>
) near 
<location id="48624BCDBE2945298CC459D4FB92F9FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2945298CC459D4FB92F9FE" box="[997,1109,1513,1539]" country="Russia" county="The" latitude="47.31561" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7009" municipality="Island" name="Sosnovka" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" stateProvince="Sakhalin">Sosnovka</location>
, southern portion of 
<collectingRegion id="8F79D3F4BE2945298A1B59D4FA5BF9FE" box="[1338,1436,1513,1539]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="AD66876CBE2945298FB65A30FF19F9DA" box="[151,222,1549,1575]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Island</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCountry id="35AA5D86BE2945298FCB5A30FEFFF9DA" box="[234,312,1549,1575]" name="Russia" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Russia</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingCounty id="A463659ABE2945298E635A30FEA9F9DA" box="[322,366,1549,1575]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">The</collectingCounty>
<typeStatus id="9206A3B4BE2945298E555A33FE63F9D5" box="[372,420,1550,1576]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">type</typeStatus>
series was collected on 
<date id="39033BD6BE2945298D955A30FCF5F9D5" box="[692,818,1549,1576]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">
<collectingDate id="2947C23EBE2945298D955A30FCF5F9D5" box="[692,818,1549,1576]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">15.09.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298C7B5A33FC19F9D5" box="[858,990,1550,1576]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">A.A. Kotov</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298B235A33FB22F9DA" box="[1026,1253,1549,1576]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">N.M. Korovchinsky</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2945298FE65A0CFC29F9B6" blockId="5.[151,1437,1441,2008]" box="[199,1006,1585,1612]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298FE65A0CFE37F9B6" bold="true" box="[199,496,1585,1611]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
Type material. 
<typeStatus id="9206A3B4BE2945298E5D5A0CFE2CF9B6" box="[380,491,1585,1611]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
An adult male in 90% alcohol, MGU Ml194.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2945298FE65A68FC86F98D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1441,2008]" box="[199,833,1621,1648]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298FE65A68FEF4F992" bold="true" box="[199,307,1621,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<typeStatus id="9206A3B4BE2945298FE65A68FEE9F992" box="[199,302,1621,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
A large parthenogenetic female, MGU Ml195.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2945298FE65A44FDB7F96E" blockId="5.[151,1437,1441,2008]" box="[199,624,1657,1683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298FE65A44FE81F96E" bold="true" box="[199,326,1657,1683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<typeStatus id="9206A3B4BE2945298FE65A44FE86F96E" box="[199,321,1657,1683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="5BBBD69FBE2945298E6C5A44FE0DF96E" box="[333,458,1657,1683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" type="female">20 females</specimenCount>
, MGU Ml196.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE29452A8FE65AA0FC67FEE0" blockId="5.[151,1437,1441,2008]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,286]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="491" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298FE65AA0FDE0F94A" bold="true" box="[199,551,1693,1719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Other material studied here.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="FDD5174BBE2945298D135AA0FE01F902" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014868301" collectingDate="2008-11-09" collectorName="A. A. Kotov &amp; N. M. Korovchinsky" county="Area" latitude="46.95055" location="River Susuya valley" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7023" municipality="Many" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sakhalin">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2945298D135AA0FD2EF94A" bold="true" box="[562,745,1693,1719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">
<collectingRegion id="8F79D3F4BE2945298D135AA0FD5BF94A" box="[562,668,1693,1719]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="A463659ABE2945298D845AA0FD23F94A" box="[677,740,1693,1719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Area</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="AD66876CBE2945298DD55AA3FCF2F945" box="[756,821,1694,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Many</collectingMunicipality>
males, ephippial &amp; parthenogenetic females from: a puddle in the 
<location id="48624BCDBE2945298E125AFCFDD0F926" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2945298E125AFCFDD0F926" box="[307,535,1729,1755]" county="Area" latitude="46.95055" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7023" municipality="Many" name="River Susuya valley" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" stateProvince="Sakhalin">River Susuya valley</location>
, 
<location id="48624BCDBE2945298D025AFCFCC7F926" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2945298D025AFCFCC7F926" box="[547,768,1729,1755]" county="Area" latitude="46.95055" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7023" municipality="Many" name="Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" stateProvince="Sakhalin">Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk</location>
, coll. on 
<date id="39033BD6BE2945298C485AFCFC21F926" box="[873,998,1729,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-11-09">
<collectingDate id="2947C23EBE2945298C485AFCFC21F926" box="[873,998,1729,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-11-09">11.09.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298B315AFFFB52F921" box="[1040,1173,1730,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">A.A. Kotov</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298B9B5AFFFA5AF926" box="[1210,1437,1729,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">N.M. Korovchinsky</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298FBE5AD8FEEEF8FD" box="[159,297,1765,1792]" degrees="46.95055" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="1" value="46.95055">46.95055ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298E165AD8FE79F902" box="[311,446,1765,1791]" degrees="142.7023" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="5" value="142.7023">142.7023ºE</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="FDD5174BBE2945298EF35ADBFCE6F8DE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014868303" collectingDate="2008-09-15" collectorName="A. A. Kotov &amp; N. M. Korovchinsky" latitude="47.31561" location="Japanese" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7009" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sakhalin">
AAK M-0851; 
<location id="48624BCDBE2945298DA25ADBFD20F8FD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2945298DA25ADBFD20F8FD" box="[643,743,1766,1792]" latitude="47.31561" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7009" name="Japanese" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" stateProvince="Sakhalin">Japanese</location>
sewage pond 3 near 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298CFF5AD8FB89F902" box="[990,1102,1765,1791]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Sosnovka</collectorName>
, coll. on 
<date id="39033BD6BE2945298B9A5AD8FAFEF8FD" box="[1211,1337,1765,1792]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">
<collectingDate id="2947C23EBE2945298B9A5AD8FAFEF8FD" box="[1211,1337,1765,1792]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">15.09.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298A475ADBFF1AF8D9" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">A.A. Kotov</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298E275B37FE2EF8DE" box="[262,489,1801,1828]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">N.M. Korovchinsky</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298EDB5B34FD43F8D9" box="[506,644,1801,1828]" degrees="47.31561" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="1" value="47.31561">47.31561ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298DB35B34FCDEF8DE" box="[658,793,1801,1827]" degrees="142.7009" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="5" value="142.7009">142.7009ºE</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="FDD5174BBE2945298C0C5B37FA5AF8B5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014868314" collectingDate="2008-09-15" collectorName="A. A. Kotov &amp; N. M. Korovchinsky" latitude="47.31642" location="Japanese" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7005" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sakhalin">
AAK M-0870-0872; a small forest pool near 
<location id="48624BCDBE2945298A185B37FA5AF8D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2945298A185B37FA5AF8D9" box="[1337,1437,1802,1828]" latitude="47.31642" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7005" name="Japanese" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" stateProvince="Sakhalin">Japanese</location>
sewage ponds near 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298E4E5B10FE18F8BA" box="[367,479,1837,1863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Sosnovka</collectorName>
, coll. on 
<date id="39033BD6BE2945298D625B10FD05F8B5" box="[579,706,1837,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">
<collectingDate id="2947C23EBE2945298D625B10FD05F8B5" box="[579,706,1837,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">15.09.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298DC95B13FCACF8B5" box="[744,875,1838,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">A.A. Kotov</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298CAC5B13FBA9F8BA" box="[909,1134,1837,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">N.M. Korovchinsky</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298B5A5B10FAC1F8BA" box="[1147,1286,1837,1863]" degrees="47.31642" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="1" value="47.31642">47.31642ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298A315B10FA52F8B5" box="[1296,1429,1837,1864]" degrees="142.7005" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="5" value="142.7005">142.7005ºE</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="FDD5174BBE2945298FB65B6FFCD6F86D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014868315" collectingDate="2008-09-15" collectorName="A. A. Kotov &amp; N. M. Korovchinsky" latitude="47.31728" location="Japanese" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.6994" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sakhalin">
AAK M-0873; remains of dried pond near 
<location id="48624BCDBE2945298DAD5B6FFD37F891" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2945298DAD5B6FFD37F891" box="[652,752,1874,1900]" latitude="47.31728" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.6994" name="Japanese" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" stateProvince="Sakhalin">Japanese</location>
sewage ponds near 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298CFD5B6CFB8BF896" box="[988,1100,1873,1899]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Sosnovka</collectorName>
, coll. on 
<date id="39033BD6BE2945298B9B5B6CFAFFF891" box="[1210,1336,1873,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">
<collectingDate id="2947C23EBE2945298B9B5B6CFAFFF891" box="[1210,1336,1873,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">15.09.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298A475B6FFF1AF86D" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">A.A. Kotov</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298E215B4BFE26F872" box="[256,481,1909,1936]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">N.M. Korovchinsky</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298ECE5B48FDBEF872" box="[495,633,1909,1935]" degrees="47.31728" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="1" value="47.31728">47.31728ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298DA55B48FCCEF86D" box="[644,777,1909,1936]" degrees="142.6994" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="5" value="142.6994">142.6994ºE</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="FDD5174BBE2945298C345B4BFB2EF84E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014868313" collectingDate="2008-09-15" collectorName=" A. A. Kotov &amp; N. M. Korovchinsky" latitude="47.31995" location="Japanese" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7049" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sakhalin">
AAK M-0874; puddle 2 near 
<location id="48624BCDBE2945298B7E5B4BFB04F86D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2945298B7E5B4BFB04F86D" box="[1119,1219,1910,1936]" latitude="47.31995" longLatPrecision="3" longitude="142.7049" name="Japanese" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" stateProvince="Sakhalin">Japanese</location>
sewage ponds near 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298FB65BA4FEC3F84E" box="[151,260,1945,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">Sosnovka</collectorName>
, coll. on 
<date id="39033BD6BE2945298E555BA4FE34F849" box="[372,499,1945,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">
<collectingDate id="2947C23EBE2945298E555BA4FE34F849" box="[372,499,1945,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" value="2008-09-15">15.09.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298D3E5BA7FD62F849" box="[543,677,1946,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">A.A. Kotov</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2945298DEC5BA7FC76F84E" box="[717,945,1945,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="490">N.M. Korovchinsky</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298CE05BA4FB8BF849" box="[961,1100,1945,1972]" degrees="47.31995" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="1" value="47.31995">47.31995ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298B785BA4FB27F84E" box="[1113,1248,1945,1971]" degrees="142.7049" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="5" value="142.7049">142.7049ºE</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
, AAK M-0868; puddles near Pokrovka, coll. on 15.092008 by A.A. Kotov &amp; N.M. Korovchinsky (
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298B1F5B80FB7DF82A" box="[1086,1210,1981,2007]" degrees="47.3223" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="5" value="47.3223">47.3223ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2945298BE75B80FA8AF825" box="[1222,1357,1981,2008]" degrees="142.7053" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="490" precision="5" value="142.7053">142.7053ºE</geoCoordinate>
), AAK M-0867; a dirty puddle on the road to Naiba River, coll. on 
<date id="39033BD6BE2A452A8C6A5CAAFC0AFF4C" box="[843,973,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" value="2008-10-09">10.09.2008</date>
. by A. A. Kotov &amp; N. M. Korovchinsky (
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2A452A8FBE5C87FEEEFF28" box="[159,297,186,213]" degrees="47.41925" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" precision="1" value="47.41925">47.41925ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2A452A8E145C86FE7CFF28" box="[309,443,187,213]" degrees="142.7783" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" precision="5" value="142.7783">142.7783ºE</geoCoordinate>
), 
<materialsCitation id="FDD5174BBE2A452A8EEC5C86FD27FF04" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014868312" collectingDate="2008-09-13" collectorName="A. A. Kotov &amp; N. M. Korovchinsky" latitude="50.85539" location="City Park" longLatPrecision="35" longitude="142.655" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sakhalin">
AAK M-0839; a puddle in the 
<location id="48624BCDBE2A452A8C095C86FC52FF28" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2A452A8C095C86FC52FF28" box="[808,917,187,213]" latitude="50.85539" longLatPrecision="35" longitude="142.655" name="City Park" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" stateProvince="Sakhalin">City Park</location>
, 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2A452A8C815C86FBE2FF28" box="[928,1061,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">Tymovskoe</collectorName>
, coll. on 
<date id="39033BD6BE2A452A8BAD5C86FACCFF28" box="[1164,1291,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" value="2008-09-13">
<collectingDate id="2947C23EBE2A452A8BAD5C86FACCFF28" box="[1164,1291,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" value="2008-09-13">13.09.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2A452A8A125C86FF7CFF04" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">A.A. Kotov</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2A452A8FFC5CE2FE7AFF04" box="[221,445,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">N.M. Korovchinsky</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2A452A8EEB5CE3FD92FF04" box="[458,597,222,249]" degrees="50.85539" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" precision="1" value="50.85539">50.85539ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2A452A8D7E5CE3FD1EFF04" box="[607,729,222,249]" degrees="142.655" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" precision="55" value="142.655">142.655ºE</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="FDD5174BBE2A452A8DC85CE2FC5AFEE0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014868310" collectingDate="1997-08-26" collectionCode="NMK" collectorName="Voskresenovka &amp; D. Zavarzin" latitude="50.91" location="River Tim'" longLatPrecision="656" longitude="142.67" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" specimenCode="NMK 2432" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sakhalin">
AAK M-0856; a puddle near 
<location id="48624BCDBE2A452A8B0E5CE2FB6BFF04" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C514AC00BE29453C8FB658CFFD6FFEE0:48624BCDBE2A452A8B0E5CE2FB6BFF04" box="[1071,1196,223,249]" latitude="50.91" longLatPrecision="656" longitude="142.67" name="River Tim'" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" stateProvince="Sakhalin">River Tim’</location>
, near 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2A452A8BCD5CE2FA5FFF04" box="[1260,1432,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">Voskresenovka</collectorName>
, coll. on 
<date id="39033BD6BE2A452A8FD35D3EFEB7FEE0" box="[242,368,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" value="1997-08-26">
<collectingDate id="2947C23EBE2A452A8FD35D3EFEB7FEE0" box="[242,368,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" value="1997-08-26">26.08.1997</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="E04878C0BE2A452A8EBB5D3EFDE7FEE0" box="[410,544,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">D. Zavarzin</collectorName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2A452A8D0E5D3FFD48FEE0" box="[559,655,258,285]" degrees="50.91" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" precision="555" value="50.91">50.91ºN</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="28897BD1BE2A452A8DBB5D3EFCC2FEE3" box="[666,773,259,286]" degrees="142.67" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" precision="555" value="142.67">142.67ºE</geoCoordinate>
), 
<specimenCode id="1D1BB56DBE2A452A8C395D3EFC5AFEE0" box="[792,925,259,285]" collectionCode="NMK" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h6fg-emd8" name="National Museums of Kenya" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" type="Museum">NMK 2432</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="19C24D9EBE2A452A8FB65A92FE0CF8CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4398099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398099/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" startId="6.[151,250,1711,1735]" targetBox="[153,1436,310,1687]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2A452A8FB65A92FE0CF8CE" blockId="6.[151,1437,1711,1844]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2A452A8FB65A92FED5F935" bold="true" box="[151,274,1711,1736]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2A452A8E395A8DFE35F935" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[280,498,1712,1736]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2A452A8E395A8DFE35F935" box="[280,498,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2A452A8ED95A8DFD84F935" bold="true" box="[504,579,1712,1736]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2A452A8ED95A8DFD84F935" box="[504,579,1712,1736]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, parthenogenetic female from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult, lateral view. B, its antero-dorsal view. C, head, lateral view. D–E, postabdominal claws with different morphology. F, armature of inner face of posterior valve margin. G, exopodite III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm for A–E, I, and 0.01 mm for F–H.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="05A74E9DBE2A452B8FE65B5FFBE9FCA0" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="492" pageId="6" pageNumber="491" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2A452B8FE65B5FFA51FE2C" blockId="6.[151,1437,1890,2024]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="492" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2A452A8FE65B5FFE85F881" bold="true" box="[199,322,1890,1916]" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2A452A8E695B5FFD9DF881" box="[328,602,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="491">Parthenogenetic female.</emphasis>
Body subovoid, caudal spine relatively short. Rostrum of moderate length, its tip not bent, and subdivided into two lobes by a “line” of pre-rostral fold. Posterior margin of head with a strong prominence proximally to antenna I and a strong depression between this prominence and labrum. Antero-dorsal head portion sometimes provided with a median crest. Dorsal margin of valve covered by spinules only in 1/6-1/4 of its length; ventral margin with spinules only in 1/3 of its length. On inner surface of posterior margin, setae with setules between them. First abdominal process long, slightly bent anteriorly; second process relatively long; third process large; all processes covered with fine setules. Postabdominal claw long; second (medial) pecten varies from 5-7 strong teeth to a series of more numerous and thinner teeth (but never similar to the 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2B452B8B585D3EFB28FEE0" box="[1145,1263,259,285]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispina">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8B585D3EFB28FEE0" box="[1145,1263,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">longispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="9206A3B4BE2B452B8BD65D3EFAEDFEE0" box="[1271,1322,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">type</typeStatus>
, when the second pecten consists of setules of the same size as third pecten!). Body of antenna I small, but present; aesthetascs protruding postero-ventrally, their tips almost reaching tip of rostrum. Largest seta of ODL of limb I bilaterally feathered; seta 1 on IDL also bilaterally feathered; seta 4 shorter than seta 3. Seta 1 on inner-distal portion of limb II about 3/4 of soft seta; seta 4 on gnathobase II does not reach tip of seta e. Exopodite IV with two setae bearing small denticles; seta 1 on exopodite IV with short setules; seta 2 on exopodite V as long as seta 1 to 2/3 of size of seta 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE65DE6FE4FFDE4" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE65DE6FE48FE08" box="[199,399,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Ephippial female.</emphasis>
As in other species of the 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2B452B8D965DE6FC9CFE09" box="[695,859,475,500]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="7" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8D965DE6FC9CFE09" box="[695,859,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex. Postero-dorsal portion of valves incorporated into ephippium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE65E1EFD16FCC4" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE65E1EFE8CFDC0" box="[199,331,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Adult male.</emphasis>
Body low, dorsal margin straight, not elevated above head level. Head with a short rostrum. Supra-ocular depression absent. Antenna I long and relatively straight, with very small antennular seta (its length approximately third of antenna I diameter), located far from the distal end of antenna I body. Male seta on top of distal process, long and bisegmented, its distal segment with a hooked tip. First and second abdominal processes presented by small mounds. Morphological structure of postabdomen as in female, but preanal margin shorter and postanal angle expressed. Postabdominal claw with second pecten of five to nine teeth clearly increasing in size distally. Inner distal lobe of limb I with a curved copulatory hook and two setae of different size, endite 3 with four setae. Limb II with a modified hook-like seta setulated distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE65F7EFBE9FCA0" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1070,834,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE65F7EFF3BFCA0" box="[199,252,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Size.</emphasis>
Parthenogenetic and ephippial female up to 2.0 mm; male up to 
<quantity id="8A45B0F3BE2B452B8CF05F7FFBEDFCA0" box="[977,1066,834,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="492" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05A74E9DBE2B45238FE65F5BFA52FE50" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="500" pageId="7" pageNumber="492" type="description">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE65F5BFC5AFC10" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE65F5BFDB0FC7D" bold="true" box="[199,631,870,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Description. Parthenogenetic female</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8DA55F5AFD20FC7C" box="[644,743,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">General.</emphasis>
In lateral view body subovoid, maximum height in the middle of valves (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8E2A5FB6FEA9FC58" box="[267,366,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1711,1735]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,310,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-91@6.[151,1436,309,1688]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., parthenogenetic female from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult, lateral view. B, its antero-dorsal view. C, head, lateral view. D–E, postabdominal claws with different morphology. F, armature of inner face of posterior valve margin. G, exopodite III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm for A–E, I, and 0.01 mm for F–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398099/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Figs. 4A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8E595FB7FE5AFC58" box="[376,413,906,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1403,189,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[184,1403,181,1852]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from the Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–D, its head. E–F, postabdomen. G–J, postabdominal claw. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, and 0.1 mm for B–J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">5A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8E895FB6FE0AFC5B" box="[424,461,907,934]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,191,1454]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1461]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–C, its head. D, postabdomen. E–I, postabdominal claw. J, armature of inner side of posterior margin. K, juvenile female, instar I. L, juvenile male, instar I, head. M, postabdominal claw of male I. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, D, and 0.1 mm for B–C, E–O." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398105/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">6A</figureCitation>
); in anterior view laterally compressed, with a low dorsal crest (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8BB35FB6FB2DFC58" box="[1170,1258,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1711,1735]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,310,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-91@6.[151,1436,309,1688]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., parthenogenetic female from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult, lateral view. B, its antero-dorsal view. C, head, lateral view. D–E, postabdominal claws with different morphology. F, armature of inner face of posterior valve margin. G, exopodite III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm for A–E, I, and 0.01 mm for F–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398099/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Dorsal margin of valves slightly raised above head level; slightly and regularly convex; a depression between head and the rest of body slight; postero-dorsal angle with a relatively short caudal spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE65FCAFDB5FB80" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE65FCAFEC3FBEC" box="[199,260,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Head</emphasis>
relatively large, with a moderate rostrum with not curved tip, subdivided in two lobes by a ‘line’ of pre rostral fold; anterior lobe always bigger than posterior one (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8C6B5826FC6FFBC8" box="[842,936,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1711,1735]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,310,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-91@6.[151,1436,309,1688]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., parthenogenetic female from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult, lateral view. B, its antero-dorsal view. C, head, lateral view. D–E, postabdominal claws with different morphology. F, armature of inner face of posterior valve margin. G, exopodite III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm for A–E, I, and 0.01 mm for F–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398099/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Figs 4C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8C975827FC04FBC8" box="[950,963,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1403,189,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[184,1403,181,1852]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from the Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–D, its head. E–F, postabdomen. G–J, postabdominal claw. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, and 0.1 mm for B–J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">5</figureCitation>
B–D, 6B–C). Posterior head margin with a strongly to moderately developed prominence dorsally to antenna I. Compound eye large situated ventrally to middle body axis; ocellus relatively small.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE658BAFE31FB5C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,502,1158,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE658BAFEE7FB5C" box="[199,288,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Labrum</emphasis>
large (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8E4F58BAFE68FB5C" box="[366,431,1158,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1403,189,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[184,1403,181,1852]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from the Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–D, its head. E–F, postabdomen. G–J, postabdominal claw. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, and 0.1 mm for B–J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
C–D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE65896FDAFFAF0" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE65896FEC3FB38" box="[199,260,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Valve</emphasis>
subovoid, its postero-ventral portion with internally located setae and rows of setules between them (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8A4B5896FF72FB14" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1711,1735]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,310,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-91@6.[151,1436,309,1688]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., parthenogenetic female from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult, lateral view. B, its antero-dorsal view. C, head, lateral view. D–E, postabdominal claws with different morphology. F, armature of inner face of posterior valve margin. G, exopodite III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm for A–E, I, and 0.01 mm for F–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398099/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Figs 4F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8FE158F2FF1CFB14" box="[192,219,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,191,1454]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1461]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–C, its head. D, postabdomen. E–I, postabdominal claw. J, armature of inner side of posterior margin. K, juvenile female, instar I. L, juvenile male, instar I, head. M, postabdominal claw of male I. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, D, and 0.1 mm for B–C, E–O." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398105/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">6J</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8FC758F2FF34FB14" box="[230,243,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">7</figureCitation>
A–F). Caudal spine covered by small denticles, which also occupy less than half of dorsal and ventral valve margin from posterior end (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8EED58CEFDEEFAF0" box="[460,553,1266,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1403,189,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[184,1403,181,1852]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from the Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–D, its head. E–F, postabdomen. G–J, postabdominal claw. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, and 0.1 mm for B–J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Figs 5A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8D1458CEFD9CFAF0" box="[565,603,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">7G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE6592AFDABFA87" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE6592AFEF6FACC" box="[199,305,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Abdomen</emphasis>
consist of four segments. The first abdominal process more or less straight, directed anteriorly, the second one somewhat shorter, the third one shortened and massive, each of them covered by rare setules; the last (fourth) process reduced (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8E995962FE3BFA84" box="[440,508,1374,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1403,189,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[184,1403,181,1852]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from the Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–D, its head. E–F, postabdomen. G–J, postabdominal claw. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, and 0.1 mm for B–J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Figs 5</figureCitation>
E–F, 6D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE659BEFCD9FA18" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE659BEFE98FA60" box="[199,351,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Postabdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8E5159BEFE71FA60" box="[368,438,1410,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1876,1900]" captionTargetBox="[188,1403,189,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[184,1403,181,1852]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from the Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–D, its head. E–F, postabdomen. G–J, postabdominal claw. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, and 0.1 mm for B–J." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398101/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Figs 5</figureCitation>
E–F, 6D) elongated and conical in distal part, with a straight ventral margin covered by minute setules. Preanal angle clear, postanal angle not pronounced. Postanal and anal portions bear eleven to twelve pairs of spines, their size continuously increasing distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE659D2FADAF9F7" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1309,1519,1546]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE659D2FE62F9F5" box="[199,421,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Postabdominal seta</emphasis>
longer than preanal margin, its distal segment shorter than basal one (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8B9459D2FAD7F9F7" box="[1205,1296,1519,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,191,1454]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1461]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–C, its head. D, postabdomen. E–I, postabdominal claw. J, armature of inner side of posterior margin. K, juvenile female, instar I. L, juvenile male, instar I, head. M, postabdominal claw of male I. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, D, and 0.1 mm for B–C, E–O." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398105/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE65A2EFB2CF940" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE65A2EFE6BF9D0" box="[199,428,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Postabdominal claw</emphasis>
evenly curved, its tip pointed (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8C235A2EFC8FF9D0" box="[770,840,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1711,1735]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,310,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-91@6.[151,1436,309,1688]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., parthenogenetic female from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult, lateral view. B, its antero-dorsal view. C, head, lateral view. D–E, postabdominal claws with different morphology. F, armature of inner face of posterior valve margin. G, exopodite III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm for A–E, I, and 0.01 mm for F–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398099/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Figs 4</figureCitation>
D–E, 5G, 6G–H). On outer side of claw, three successive pectens along the dorsal margin. The first (proximal) pecten consisting of stout, thin teeth; the second (medial) one composed of 4–6 large teeth or 10–13 finer and thinner teeth decreasing in length proximally (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8BF05A66FADAF988" box="[1233,1309,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1711,1735]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,310,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-91@6.[151,1436,309,1688]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., parthenogenetic female from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult, lateral view. B, its antero-dorsal view. C, head, lateral view. D–E, postabdominal claws with different morphology. F, armature of inner face of posterior valve margin. G, exopodite III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm for A–E, I, and 0.01 mm for F–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398099/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
D–E, 5E–J, 6D–J); the third one composed of numerous, fine setules that do not reach claw tip. Ventral claw margin convex and bearing fine denticles at distal end of medial pecten, in middle of third pecten and in distal portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE65AFAFAECF8F8" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE65AFAFEF3F91D" box="[199,308,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Antenna I</emphasis>
as a stump bearing nine aesthetascs of different length and antennular sensory seta that rises from the surface of head; aesthetascs projecting post-ventrally and their tips do not reach tip of rostrum (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8BE25AD6FADAF8F8" box="[1219,1309,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2B452B8FE65B32FD02F820" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2B452B8FE65B32FE87F8D5" box="[199,320,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Antenna II</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8E705B32FE58F8D4" box="[337,415,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Fig. 7I</figureCitation>
) with a narrow coxal part; basal segment elongated having well-developed distal sensory seta on posterior margin (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8E995B0EFDCEF8B0" box="[440,521,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Fig. 7J</figureCitation>
). Antennal branches elongated; endopod with three segments slightly longer than exopod with four segments. Each of them having series of minute denticles (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8CC85B6AFBECF88C" box="[1001,1067,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
K–L). Antennal setae formula: 00-1-3/1-1-3. Apical segments bearing rudimentary spines; spine on second segment of exopod small and thick (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8A4E5B46FF7AF844" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Fig. 7K</figureCitation>
). Swimming seta with basal and distal segments bilaterally setulated, chitinous insertion within distal segments near connection with basal segment (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2B452B8D175BFEFDBFF820" box="[566,632,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="492">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
M–O).
</paragraph>
<caption id="19C24D9EBE2445248FB65B69FE40F849" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398101" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4398101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398101/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="493" startId="8.[151,250,1876,1900]" targetBox="[188,1403,189,1834]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2445248FB65B69FE40F849" blockId="8.[151,1437,1876,1973]" pageId="8" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2445248FB65B69FED4F890" bold="true" box="[151,275,1876,1901]" pageId="8" pageNumber="493">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2445248E385B69FE32F891" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[281,501,1876,1900]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="8" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2445248E385B69FE32F891" box="[281,501,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="493">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2445248EDA5B68FD81F890" bold="true" box="[507,582,1877,1901]" pageId="8" pageNumber="493">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2445248EDA5B68FD81F890" box="[507,582,1877,1901]" pageId="8" pageNumber="493" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from the Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–D, its head. E–F, postabdomen. G–J, postabdominal claw. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, and 0.1 mm for B–J.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="19C24D9EBE2545258FB659F0FDB9F9AF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398105" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4398105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398105/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494" startId="9.[151,250,1485,1509]" targetBox="[151,1434,191,1454]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2545258FB659F0FDB9F9AF" blockId="9.[151,1436,1485,1618]" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2545258FB659F0FED3FA18" bold="true" box="[151,276,1485,1509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2545258E3A59F0FE30FA18" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[283,503,1485,1509]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="9" pageNumber="494" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2545258E3A59F0FE30FA18" box="[283,503,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2545258EDE59F3FD8DFA1B" bold="true" box="[511,586,1486,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2545258EDE59F3FD8DFA1B" box="[511,586,1486,1510]" pageId="9" pageNumber="494" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–C, its head. D, postabdomen. E–I, postabdominal claw. J, armature of inner side of posterior margin. K, juvenile female, instar I. L, juvenile male, instar I, head. M, postabdominal claw of male I. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, D, and 0.1 mm for B–C, E–O.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2545258FE65ABDFDC0F8B3" blockId="9.[151,1437,1664,1978]" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2545258FE65ABDFED4F964" box="[199,275,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Limb I</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258E055ABDFE43F967" box="[292,388,1664,1690]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,386,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Figs 8A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258EB35ABDFE72F967" box="[402,437,1664,1690]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">9A</figureCitation>
) without an accessory seta; outer distal lobe (ODL) carry a long seta bilaterally armed distally with short setules, and a short thin seta bilaterally setulated distally (length about 2 diameters of ODL) (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258FBE5AF5FF3CF91F" box="[159,251,1736,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-27@10.[183,1405,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Figs 7B</figureCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258E275AF5FEECF91F" box="[262,299,1736,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">9B</figureCitation>
). IDL (endite 4) with a single, long anterior seta covered by short setules distally. Endite 3 with a long anterior seta 2 armed with minute setules and two posterior setae (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258CA05AD1FC1BF8FB" box="[897,988,1772,1798]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
). Endite 2 with a short and thin anterior seta 3 (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258FC75B2DFEFAF8D7" box="[230,317,1808,1834]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
) and two posterior setae. Endite 1 with a small anterior seta 4 (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258CD75B2DFB8CF8D7" box="[1014,1099,1808,1834]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
) and four posterior setae. Two ejector hooks of different length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2545258FE65B65FA52F847" blockId="9.[151,1437,1664,1978]" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2545258FE65B65FEDCF88C" box="[199,283,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Limb II</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258E0B5B65FE47F88F" box="[298,384,1880,1906]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,386,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
) with ovoid epipodite; distal portion as a large lobe carrying two soft and setulated seta. Four endites altogether armed by five setae, one them is anterior (stiff and unilaterally setulated) seta (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258BF95B41FADDF86B" box="[1240,1306,1916,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
F–G). Gnathobase with two rows of setae, four anterior seta and 11–12 posterior setae on gnathobasic ‘filter plate’ (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2545258A0F5B9DFA4FF847" box="[1326,1416,1952,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="494">Fig. 9H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="19C24D9EBE2645268FB65B4FFE64F808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398107" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4398107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398107/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="495" startId="10.[151,250,1906,1930]" targetBox="[193,1392,193,1870]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2645268FB65B4FFE64F808" blockId="10.[151,1437,1906,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2645268FB65B4FFED5F877" bold="true" box="[151,274,1906,1930]" pageId="10" pageNumber="495">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2645268E365B4FFE36F877" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[279,497,1906,1930]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="10" pageNumber="495" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2645268E365B4FFE36F877" box="[279,497,1906,1930]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="495">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2645268ED75B4FFD86F877" bold="true" box="[502,577,1906,1930]" pageId="10" pageNumber="495">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2645268ED75B4FFD86F877" box="[502,577,1906,1930]" pageId="10" pageNumber="495" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–F, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve. G, caudal spine. H, antenna I. I–J, antenna II and proximal portion of its basal segment. K–L, second segment of its exopod and its distal segment. M–O, apical setae of different individuals. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2745278FE65CAAFEEFFE98" blockId="11.[151,1436,150,357]" pageId="11" pageNumber="496">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2745278FE65CAAFEE4FF4D" box="[199,291,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="496">Limb III</emphasis>
with a subglobular epipodite and flat exopodite carrying four distal (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2745278B3B5CAAFBB4FF4C" box="[1050,1139,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,386,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="496">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
: 1–4) and two lateral (5–6) setae; seta 2 the longest, setulated distally and base setules of distal part somewhat thickened (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2745278BEE5C86FAE0FF28" box="[1231,1319,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,386,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="496">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
). Endite 4 bearing a single, long anterior seta and a posterior seta (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2745278C225CE2FC9FFF04" box="[771,856,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,386,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="496">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
). Endite 3 bearing single anterior seta 2 and a single posterior seta. Endite 2 with a rudimentary anterior seta 3 and two posterior setae. Endite 1 with one long anterior seta 4 and four posterior setae. The rest part of limb is gnathobase, bearing numerous filtering setae and a single anterior seta.
</paragraph>
<caption id="19C24D9EBE2745278FB65B53FD5DF833" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4398109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="496" startId="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" targetBox="[159,1427,386,1868]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2745278FB65B53FD5DF833" blockId="11.[151,1437,1902,1999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="496">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2745278FB65B53FED5F87A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1902,1927]" pageId="11" pageNumber="496">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2745278E365B52FE36F87A" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[279,497,1903,1927]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="11" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2745278E365B52FE36F87A" box="[279,497,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="496">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2745278ED75B52FD86F87A" bold="true" box="[502,577,1903,1927]" pageId="11" pageNumber="496">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2745278ED75B52FD86F87A" box="[502,577,1903,1927]" pageId="11" pageNumber="496" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="19C24D9EBE2045208FB659B2FA55FA12" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" startId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2045208FB659B2FA55FA12" blockId="12.[151,1436,1423,1520]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2045208FB659B2FED3FA5A" bold="true" box="[151,276,1423,1447]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2045208E3A59ADFE30FA55" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[283,503,1424,1448]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2045208E3A59ADFE30FA55" box="[283,503,1424,1448]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2045208EDE59ADFD8DFA55" bold="true" box="[511,586,1424,1448]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2045208EDE59ADFD8DFA55" box="[511,586,1424,1448]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2045208FE65A23FE6AF959" blockId="12.[151,1437,1566,2024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2045208FE65A23FEE6F9C5" box="[199,289,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Limb IV</emphasis>
with a large and setulated pre-epipodite, ovoid epipodite and a wide, flat exopodite (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2045208BF35A23FAE8F9C5" box="[1234,1327,1566,1592]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,386,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Figs 8G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2045208A1A5A23FA92F9C5" box="[1339,1365,1566,1592]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">9I</figureCitation>
). Like previous limb, it is bearing four distal setae; seta 2 short and setulated distally (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2045208B225A7FFB80F9A1" box="[1027,1095,1602,1628]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,386,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Figs 8</figureCitation>
H–I, 9J), and two lateral setae. Inner-distal portion consists of completely fused endites, inner margin with gnathobasic filter plate consisting of numerous filtering setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2045208FE65A93FCE0F8ED" blockId="12.[151,1437,1566,2024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2045208FE65A93FEDDF935" box="[199,282,1710,1736]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Limb V</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2045208E0B5A93FEBEF935" box="[298,377,1710,1736]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,386,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1879]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia,AAK M-0871. A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, limb II. D, limb III. E, seta 2 of exopod III. F, inner portion of limb III. G, limb IV. H–I, seta 1 of exopod IV. J, limb V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398109/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Fig. 8J</figureCitation>
) with a small, setulated pre-epipodite and subovoid epipodite. Exopodite triangular, with two short distal setae 1–2 approximately equal in length and large lateral seta 3 (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2045208CC15AEFFBFEF911" box="[992,1081,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@12.[151,1436,181,1400]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432.A, limb I. B, ODL of limb I. C, seta of inner distal lobe = seta 1. D–E, setae 3 and 4. F–G, inner-distal portion of limb II. H, fragment of gnathobase II. I, seta 2 of exopod III. J, seta 1 of exopod IV. K, setae 1–2 of exopod V. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398113/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Fig. 9K</figureCitation>
). Inner limb portion as an ovoid flat lobe, with setulated inner margin bearing a single seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2045208FE65B24FC32F85C" blockId="12.[151,1437,1566,2024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2045208FE65B24FE44F8CE" bold="true" box="[199,387,1817,1843]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Juvenile female</emphasis>
. Body subrectangular, with a straight posterior margin, long caudal spine and posterior half of ventral valve margin covered by spinules (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2045208DB65B03FD35F8A4" box="[663,754,1854,1881]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,191,1454]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1461]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–C, its head. D, postabdomen. E–I, postabdominal claw. J, armature of inner side of posterior margin. K, juvenile female, instar I. L, juvenile male, instar I, head. M, postabdominal claw of male I. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, D, and 0.1 mm for B–C, E–O." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398105/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Fig. 6K</figureCitation>
). Head with a straight ventral margin, short rostrum, convex dorsal margin. Head bears a single neck tooth; dorsal organ posteriorly to it. Second pecten of postabdominal claw consists of more numerous and smaller teeth as compared to adult (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2045208CA85BBBFC2FF85C" box="[905,1000,1926,1953]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,191,1454]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,1461]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from a puddle near River Tim’, near Voskresenovka, Sakhalin Area, Russia, NMK 2432. A, adult parthenogenetic female. B–C, its head. D, postabdomen. E–I, postabdominal claw. J, armature of inner side of posterior margin. K, juvenile female, instar I. L, juvenile male, instar I, head. M, postabdominal claw of male I. Scale bars denote 1 mm for A, D, and 0.1 mm for B–C, E–O." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398105/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Fig. 6M</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2045218FE65B94FD41FF28" blockId="12.[151,1437,1566,2024]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="498" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2045208FE65B94FE5AF83E" bold="true" box="[199,413,1961,1987]" pageId="12" pageNumber="497">Ephippial female.</emphasis>
Body as in parthenogenetic female, but dorsal margin almost straight. Ephippium darkly pigmented with two resting eggs which axes perpendicular to dorsal margin; egg chambers separated from each other; most part of ephippium body covered with reticulation. Caudal spine and whole postero-dorsal part of valves incorporated into ephippium (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2145218EC45C86FD87FF28" box="[485,576,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox="[193,1396,403,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-94@13.[181,1406,381,1653]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, ephippial female, lateral view. B, reticulation on central portion of ephippium. C, dorsal portion of ephippium. D, adult male, lateral view. E–K, head, lateral view. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398115/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
A–C).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2145218FE65CE3FB39FEE0" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2145218FE65CE3FE88FF04" bold="true" box="[199,335,222,249]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Adult male</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2145218E7E5CE2FE05FF04" box="[351,450,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">General.</emphasis>
Body low; dorsal margin straight, not elevated above head level; depression between head and valves absent; postero-dorsal angle distinct, with a relatively short caudal spine (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2145218BA85D3EFB35FEE0" box="[1161,1266,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox="[193,1396,403,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-94@13.[181,1406,381,1653]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, ephippial female, lateral view. B, reticulation on central portion of ephippium. C, dorsal portion of ephippium. D, adult male, lateral view. E–K, head, lateral view. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398115/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2145218FE65D1AFDBDFE98" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2145218FE65D1AFEC3FEBC" box="[199,260,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Head</emphasis>
with a short rostrum; region of antenna I joint with special depression (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2145218B0C5D1AFB45FEBC" box="[1069,1154,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox="[193,1396,403,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-94@13.[181,1406,381,1653]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871.A, ephippial female, lateral view. B, reticulation on central portion of ephippium. C, dorsal portion of ephippium. D, adult male, lateral view. E–K, head, lateral view. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398115/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Figs 10</figureCitation>
E–K, 11A). Supra-ocular depression absent; eye large, ocellus small.
</paragraph>
<caption id="19C24D9EBE2145218FB65AB0FC9AF911" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398115" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4398115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398115/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" startId="13.[151,250,1677,1701]" targetBox="[193,1396,403,1636]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2145218FB65AB0FC9AF911" blockId="13.[151,1437,1677,1773]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2145218FB65AB0FEE6F958" bold="true" box="[151,289,1677,1701]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2145218E085AB0FDC1F958" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[297,518,1677,1701]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2145218E085AB0FDC1F958" box="[297,518,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2145218D2F5AB0FD9EF958" bold="true" box="[526,601,1677,1701]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2145218D2F5AB0FD9EF958" box="[526,601,1677,1701]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A, ephippial female, lateral view. B, reticulation on central portion of ephippium. C, dorsal portion of ephippium. D, adult male, lateral view. E–K, head, lateral view. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2145218FE65B26FEF3F880" blockId="13.[151,1437,1819,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2145218FE65B26FEC3F8C8" box="[199,260,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Valve</emphasis>
with antero-ventral angle distinctly prominent ventrally; ventral margin with a row of numerous long setae; postero-ventral portion of valve with shorter setae and setules between them, located on inner side of valve (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2145218F815B5EFF2AF880" box="[160,237,1891,1917]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,353,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-89@14.[151,1436,345,1807]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., adult male from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–B, male antenna I. C, anterior and ventral margin of valves. D, setae at posterior portion of ventral margin. E–G, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve in male. H, caudal spine. I–J, limb I. K, copulatory hook of IDL. L–M, stiff setae of inner-distal portion of limb II. Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398117/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
C–H).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2145218FE65BBAFAD3F85C" blockId="13.[151,1437,1819,1954]" box="[199,1300,1927,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2145218FE65BBAFEF6F85C" box="[199,305,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Abdomen</emphasis>
with reduced processes; first and second segments presented by small mounds (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2145218B925BBAFAC1F85C" box="[1203,1286,1927,1953]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,816,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-336@15.[151,1436,813,1949]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871. A–D, male postabdomen. E–G, postabdomenal claw. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398121/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="498">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2245228FE65CAAFF2CFF04" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="499">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2245228FE65CAAFE98FF4C" box="[199,351,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="499">Postabdomen</emphasis>
with structure in general as in female, but preanal margin shorter and postanal angle expressed. Anal margin covered by 8–10 paired teeth increasing in size distally. Gonopore opens subdistally, without general papilla.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2245228FE65D3EFC4AFEBC" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="499">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2245228FE65D3EFE70FEE0" box="[199,439,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="499">Postabdominal claws</emphasis>
with a basal pecten of fine setules; second pecten with five to nine teeth clearly increasing in size distally; third pecten consisting of fine setules (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2245228DD85D1AFC8FFEBC" box="[761,840,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,816,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-336@15.[151,1436,813,1949]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M- 0871. A–D, male postabdomen. E–G, postabdomenal claw. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398121/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="499">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
E–G).
</paragraph>
<caption id="19C24D9EBE2245228FB65B1BFC94F857" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4398117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398117/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="499" startId="14.[151,250,1830,1854]" targetBox="[159,1429,353,1799]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2245228FB65B1BFC94F857" blockId="14.[151,1437,1830,1963]" pageId="14" pageNumber="499">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2245228FB65B1BFED8F8C3" bold="true" box="[151,287,1830,1854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="499">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2245228E045B1BFDC6F8C3" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[293,513,1830,1854]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="14" pageNumber="499" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2245228E045B1BFDC6F8C3" box="[293,513,1830,1854]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="499">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2245228D265B1AFD95F8C2" bold="true" box="[519,594,1831,1855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="499">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2245228D265B1AFD95F8C2" box="[519,594,1831,1855]" pageId="14" pageNumber="499" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, adult male from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–B, male antenna I. C, anterior and ventral margin of valves. D, setae at posterior portion of ventral margin. E–G, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve in male. H, caudal spine. I–J, limb I. K, copulatory hook of IDL. L–M, stiff setae of inner-distal portion of limb II. Scale bars 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2345238FE65CAAFD60FEE0" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238FE65CAAFEF4FF4D" box="[199,307,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Antenna I</emphasis>
long and relatively straight, with very small antennular seta (its length approximately third of antenna I diameter), located far from the distal end of antenna I body (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2345238C1E5C86FC64FF28" box="[831,931,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,353,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-89@14.[151,1436,345,1807]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., adult male from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–B, male antenna I. C, anterior and ventral margin of valves. D, setae at posterior portion of ventral margin. E–G, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve in male. H, caudal spine. I–J, limb I. K, copulatory hook of IDL. L–M, stiff setae of inner-distal portion of limb II. Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398117/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). Aesthetascs of different length, three largest 1.5 times longer than antenna I maximum diameter. Male seta on top of distal process, long and bisegmented, its distal segment with a hooked tip (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2345238D335D3EFDA7FEE0" box="[530,608,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,353,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-89@14.[151,1436,345,1807]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., adult male from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–B, male antenna I. C, anterior and ventral margin of valves. D, setae at posterior portion of ventral margin. E–G, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve in male. H, caudal spine. I–J, limb I. K, copulatory hook of IDL. L–M, stiff setae of inner-distal portion of limb II. Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398117/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
A–B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2345238FE65D1AFAF9FE74" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238FE65D1AFED5FEBD" box="[199,274,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Limb I</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2345238E035D1AFEB7FEBC" box="[290,368,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,353,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-89@14.[151,1436,345,1807]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., adult male from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–B, male antenna I. C, anterior and ventral margin of valves. D, setae at posterior portion of ventral margin. E–G, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve in male. H, caudal spine. I–J, limb I. K, copulatory hook of IDL. L–M, stiff setae of inner-distal portion of limb II. Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398117/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
I–J) with a large, cylindrical outer distal lobe, bearing a rudimentary seta and a very large seta supplied with minute setules distally. Inner distal lobe with a curved copulatory hook and two setae of different size; endite 3 with four setae (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2345238E8C5D52FDCCFE74" box="[429,523,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,353,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-89@14.[151,1436,345,1807]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., adult male from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–B, male antenna I. C, anterior and ventral margin of valves. D, setae at posterior portion of ventral margin. E–G, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve in male. H, caudal spine. I–J, limb I. K, copulatory hook of IDL. L–M, stiff setae of inner-distal portion of limb II. Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398117/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Fig. 11J</figureCitation>
). Limb II with a modified hook-like seta setulated distally (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2345238B875D52FB34FE74" box="[1190,1267,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,353,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-89@14.[151,1436,345,1807]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov., adult male from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–B, male antenna I. C, anterior and ventral margin of valves. D, setae at posterior portion of ventral margin. E–G, armature of postero-ventral and posterior margin of valve in male. H, caudal spine. I–J, limb I. K, copulatory hook of IDL. L–M, stiff setae of inner-distal portion of limb II. Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398117/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
L–M).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2345238FE65DAFFA52FE50" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,1429,402,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238FE65DAFFF39FE51" bold="true" box="[199,254,402,428]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Size.</emphasis>
Parthenogenetic female 0.69–2.0 mm (height 
<quantity id="8A45B0F3BE2345238C275DAEFC6AFE50" box="[774,941,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.55" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" unit="mm" value="0.755" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.41">0.41–1.10 mm</quantity>
); male 
<quantity id="8A45B0F3BE2345238CDF5DAFFB42FE50" box="[1022,1157,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.5 mm</quantity>
(height 
<quantity id="8A45B0F3BE2345238BC35DAFFA4EFE50" box="[1250,1417,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" unit="mm" value="0.44" valueMax="0.54" valueMin="0.34">0.34–0.54 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05A74E9DBE2345238FE65D8BFB89FE2C" box="[199,1102,438,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2345238FE65D8BFB89FE2C" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,1102,438,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238FE65D8BFEA6FE2D" bold="true" box="[199,353,438,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Distribution.</emphasis>
To date, 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2345238EE95D8AFD46FE2C" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[456,641,439,465]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhalinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238EE95D8AFD46FE2C" box="[456,641,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">D. sakhalinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238DA95D8AFD1DFE2C" bold="true" box="[648,730,439,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2345238DA95D8AFD1DFE2C" box="[648,730,439,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is found only in 
<collectingRegion id="8F79D3F4BE2345238CB85D8AFC3CFE2C" box="[921,1019,439,465]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
Island.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05A74E9DBE23453C8FE65DE7FD6FFEE0" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="501" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2345238FE65DE7FB5BFCE8" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238FE65DE7FE09FE09" bold="true" box="[199,462,474,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2345238EF75DE6FD48FE08" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[470,655,475,501]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhalinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238EF75DE6FD48FE08" box="[470,655,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">D. sakhalinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238DB65DE6FD2EFE08" bold="true" box="[663,745,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2345238DB65DE6FD2EFE08" box="[663,745,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is a member of the 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2345238CEA5DE6FBE8FE09" box="[971,1071,475,500]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinevi">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238CEA5DE6FBE8FE09" box="[971,1071,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">D. sinevi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group which is a part of the 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2345238FE15DC2FEA3FDE5" box="[192,356,511,536]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238FE15DC2FEA3FDE5" box="[192,356,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">D. curvirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex (
<bibRefCitation id="292C60E7BE2345238EF85DC2FD64FDE4" author="Kotov, A. A. &amp; Garibian, P. G. &amp; Bekker, E. I. &amp; Taylor, D. J. &amp; Karabanov, D. P." box="[473,675,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" refId="ref9341" refString="Kotov, A. A., Garibian, P. G., Bekker, E. I., Taylor, D. J. &amp; Karabanov, D. P. (2020) A new species group from the Daphnia curvirostris species complex (Cladocera: Anomopoda) from the Eastern Palearctic: taxonomy, phylogeny and phylogeography. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. [online first] https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlaa 046" type="book" year="2020">
Kotov 
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238D095DC2FDA7FDE4" box="[552,608,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2345238D945DC2FCDFFDE5" box="[693,792,511,536]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinevi">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238D945DC2FCDFFDE5" box="[693,792,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">D. sinevi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group differs from other taxa of the 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2345238B905DC2FAF4FDE5" box="[1201,1331,511,536]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvirostris">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238B905DC2FAF4FDE5" box="[1201,1331,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">curvirostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-complex in having (although reduced) stump-like body of antenna I, while all other species have no body of antenna I at all. 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2345238FE05E7AFEBCFD9C" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[193,379,583,609]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhalinensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238FE05E7AFEBCFD9C" box="[193,379,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">D. sakhalinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238EA35E7AFE13FD9C" bold="true" box="[386,468,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2345238EA35E7AFE13FD9C" box="[386,468,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is maximally similar to 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2345238DC45E7AFC8EFD9D" box="[741,841,583,608]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinevi">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238DC45E7AFC8EFD9D" box="[741,841,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">D. sinevi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs from the latter in (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2345238BBF5E7AFB35FD9C" box="[1182,1266,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1358,1382]" captionTargetBox="[197,1399,336,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-87@16.[173,1414,309,1335]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. (A–C, G–H) and Daphnia sinevi (D–F, I–J). A–F, head. G–J, seta 2 of exopod III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398123/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
): (1) a variable morphology of the second pecten on postabdominal claw (in both females and males) which could be represented by either 4–6 large teeth, or more numerous thinner teeth; (2) denticles on proximal portion of the distal segment of seta 2 on exopodite III are located more densely as compared to following denticles (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2345238B5B5E8EFB17FD30" box="[1146,1232,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1358,1382]" captionTargetBox="[197,1399,336,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-87@16.[173,1414,309,1335]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. (A–C, G–H) and Daphnia sinevi (D–F, I–J). A–F, head. G–J, seta 2 of exopod III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398123/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
: G–J); (3) exopod setae 1 and 2 on limb V of subequal size; (4) remarkably large male size; (5) shorter male rostrum (
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE2345238BC15EEAFAF4FD0C" box="[1248,1331,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1358,1382]" captionTargetBox="[197,1399,336,1326]" captionTargetId="figure-87@16.[173,1414,309,1335]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. (A–C, G–H) and Daphnia sinevi (D–F, I–J). A–F, head. G–J, seta 2 of exopod III. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398123" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398123/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
: A–F; (6) second pecten of male postabdominal claw bearing teeth strongly increasing in size distally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="19C24D9EBE2345238FB65B89FBC7F80D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398121" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4398121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398121/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" startId="15.[151,250,1972,1996]" targetBox="[159,1429,816,1945]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE2345238FB65B89FBC7F80D" blockId="15.[151,1436,1972,2033]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238FB65B89FEE6F831" bold="true" box="[151,289,1972,1996]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE2345238E085B88FDC1F830" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[297,518,1973,1997]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238E085B88FDC1F830" box="[297,518,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE2345238D2C5B88FD9EF831" bold="true" box="[525,601,1973,1997]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE2345238D2C5B88FD9EF831" box="[525,601,1973,1997]" pageId="15" pageNumber="500" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from Japanese sewage pond 3 near Sosnovka, Sakhalin Island, Russia, AAK M-0871. A–D, male postabdomen. E–G, postabdomenal claw. Scale bars denote 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D021D16BE3C453C8FE65CAAFD6FFEE0" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="501">
We have specially compared the morphology of 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE3C453C8DCE5CAAFC25FF4C" authority="Garibian &amp; Kotov, 2020" authorityName="Garibian &amp; Kotov" authorityYear="2020" box="[751,994,151,177]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="16" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakhaliensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE3C453C8DCE5CAAFC25FF4C" box="[751,994,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="501">Daphnia sakhaliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE3C453C8CCA5CAAFBF8FF4C" bold="true" box="[1003,1087,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="501">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64FA7C7FBE3C453C8CCA5CAAFBF8FF4C" box="[1003,1087,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="501" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="8ABD6695BE3C453C8B595CAAFB1BFF4D" box="[1144,1244,151,176]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="16" pageNumber="501" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinevi">
<emphasis id="7FC9C104BE3C453C8B595CAAFB1BFF4D" box="[1144,1244,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="501">D. sinevi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male. 
<figureCitation id="D5860193BE3C453C8A0B5CAAFABCFF4C" box="[1322,1403,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1877,1901]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,1448,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-115@16.[151,1436,1442,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 14. Morphometric comparison of Daphnia sakhaliensis sp.nov. (red quadrates) and Daphnia sinevi (blue triangles) males. A, x—rostrum length; y—rostrum length/head height ratio. B, x—rostrum length/head height ratio; y—1st postabdominal teeth/ 5th teeth length ratio." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4398125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4398125/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="501">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
illustrates differences between continental and 
<collectingRegion id="8F79D3F4BE3C453C8D825C86FCC2FF28" box="[675,773,187,213]" country="Russia" name="Sakhalin" pageId="16" pageNumber="501">Sakhalin</collectingRegion>
populations based on comparison of 
<specimenCount id="5BBBD69FBE3C453C8B995C86FAD8FF28" box="[1208,1311,187,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="501" type="male">20 males</specimenCount>
from each locality. Note that in both cases there are no unequivocal hiatuses between two clouds of values, but two taxa could be differentiated based on these measurements.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>