219 lines
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219 lines
33 KiB
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<mods:title id="CB4C663211468080A6EC63B24DF4FC06">Taxonomic contributions to the genus Charops Holmgren, 1859 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), with description of seven new species from Brazil</mods:title>
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(
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<figureCitation id="C09A69DAFFB3FF9BFF76FBDEFED7FBD9" box="[159,280,1125,1151]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-10="FIGURE 12" captionStart-11="FIGURE 13" captionStart-12="FIGURE 14" captionStart-13="FIGURE 15" captionStart-14="FIGURE 16" captionStart-15="FIGURE 17" captionStart-16="FIGURE 18" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStart-5="FIGURE 7" captionStart-6="FIGURE 8" captionStart-7="FIGURE 9" captionStart-8="FIGURE 10" captionStart-9="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1614,1639]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1907,1932]" captionStartId-10="26.[151,250,1058,1083]" captionStartId-11="26.[151,250,2018,2043]" captionStartId-12="27.[151,250,1065,1090]" captionStartId-13="27.[151,250,2001,2026]" captionStartId-14="28.[151,250,1070,1095]" captionStartId-15="28.[151,250,2013,2038]" captionStartId-16="29.[151,250,1073,1098]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionStartId-3="11.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionStartId-4="14.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionStartId-5="15.[151,250,1741,1766]" captionStartId-6="17.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionStartId-7="22.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionStartId-8="24.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionStartId-9="25.[151,250,1351,1376]" captionTargetBox-0="[161,1405,744,1548]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,162,1870]" captionTargetBox-10="[171,1405,218,1012]" captionTargetBox-11="[177,1405,1178,1977]" captionTargetBox-12="[161,1405,213,1012]" captionTargetBox-13="[166,1405,1144,1942]" captionTargetBox-14="[161,1405,213,1017]" captionTargetBox-15="[166,1405,1149,1948]" captionTargetBox-16="[161,1405,213,1017]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetBox-5="[180,1408,195,1719]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetBox-7="[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetBox-8="[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetBox-9="[151,1436,162,1311]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[151,1436,693,1602]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1436,162,1870]" captionTargetId-10="figure@26.[151,1436,162,1041]" captionTargetId-11="figure@26.[151,1436,1117,2001]" captionTargetId-12="figure@27.[151,1436,162,1048]" captionTargetId-13="figure@27.[151,1436,1093,1984]" captionTargetId-14="figure@28.[151,1436,162,1053]" captionTargetId-15="figure@28.[151,1436,1098,1997]" captionTargetId-16="figure@29.[151,1436,162,1056]" captionTargetId-2="figure@9.[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetId-3="figure@11.[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetId-4="figure@14.[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetId-5="figure@15.[180,1408,195,1719]" captionTargetId-6="figure@17.[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetId-7="figure@22.[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetId-8="figure@24.[151,1436,162,1845]" captionTargetId-9="figure@25.[151,1436,162,1311]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-10="26" captionTargetPageId-11="26" captionTargetPageId-12="27" captionTargetPageId-13="27" captionTargetPageId-14="28" captionTargetPageId-15="28" captionTargetPageId-16="29" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionTargetPageId-4="14" captionTargetPageId-5="15" captionTargetPageId-6="17" captionTargetPageId-7="22" captionTargetPageId-8="24" captionTargetPageId-9="25" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Charops sp. in Brazil with data gathered from literature and new records presented here." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Charops angelicae sp. nov. holotype, female. A, head in frontal view. B, propodeum in dorsal view. C, mesosoma in lateral view. D, first metasomal segment in lateral view. E, second metasomal segment in lateral view. F, ovipositor in lateral view. G, ovipositor notch in lateral view. H, habitus in lateral view." captionText-10="FIGURE 12. Distribution map of Charops angelicae sp. nov. in Brazil." captionText-11="FIGURE 13. Distribution map of Charops eduardoi sp. nov. in Brazil." captionText-12="FIGURE 14. Distribution map of Charops katiae sp. nov. in Brazil." captionText-13="FIGURE 15. Distribution map of Charops lucianae sp. nov. in Brazil." captionText-14="FIGURE 16. Distribution map of Charops mariae sp. nov. in Brazil." captionText-15="FIGURE 17. Distribution map of Charops mucioi sp. nov. in Brazil." captionText-16="FIGURE 18. Distribution map of Charops terezae sp. nov. in Brazil." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Charops eduardoi sp. nov. holotype, female. A, head in frontal view. B, propodeum in dorsal view. C, mesosoma in lateral view. D, first metasomal segment in lateral view. E, second metasomal segment in lateral view. F, ovipositor in lateral view. G, ovipositor notch in lateral view. H, habitus in lateral view." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Charops katiae sp. nov. holotype, female. A, head in frontal view. B, propodeum in dorsal view. C, mesosoma in lateral view. D, first metasomal segment in lateral view. E, second metasomal segment in lateral view. F, ovipositor in lateral view. G, ovipositor notch in lateral view. H, habitus in lateral view." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Charops lucianae sp. nov. holotype., female. A, head in frontal view. B, propodeum in dorsal view. C, mesosoma in lateral view. D, first metasomal segment in lateral view. E, second metasomal segment in lateral view. F, ovipositor in lateral view. G, ovipositor notch in lateral view. H, habitus in lateral view." captionText-5="FIGURE 7. Charops lucianae sp. nov. A male in lateral view. B color variation among specimens of C. lucianae from left to right: DCBU 71358 ♀ from Piauí (Piracuruca), DCBU 121897 ♀ from São Paulo (Luís Antônio), DCBU 274935 ♂ from Piauí (Piracuruca), INPA ♀ from Amazonas (Rio Preto da Eva) and LRRP ♂ from São Paulo (Luís Antônio)" captionText-6="FIGURE 8. Charops mariae sp. nov. holotype, female. A, head in frontal view. B, propodeum in dorsal view. C, mesosoma in lateral view. D, first metasomal segment in lateral view. E, second metasomal segment in lateral view. F, ovipositor in lateral view. G, ovipositor notch in lateral view. H, habitus in lateral view." captionText-7="FIGURE 9. Charops mucioi sp. nov. holotype, female. A, head in frontal view. B, propodeum in dorsal view. C, mesosoma in lateral view. D, first metasomal segment in lateral view. E, second metasomal segment in lateral view. F, ovipositor in lateral view. G, ovipositor notch in lateral view. H, habitus in lateral view." captionText-8="FIGURE 10. Charops terezae sp. nov. holotype, female. A, head in frontal view. B, propodeum in dorsal view. C, mesosoma in lateral view. D, first metasomal segment in lateral view. E, second metasomal segment in lateral view. F, ovipositor in lateral view. G, ovipositor notch in lateral view. H, habitus in lateral view." captionText-9="FIGURE 11. Males of Charops in lateral view. A: C. terezae sp. nov.. B: C. angelicae sp. nov.. C: C. mucioi sp. nov.. D: C. eduardoi sp. nov.." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3248437/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3248439/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/3248457/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/3248459/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/3248461/files/figure.png" httpUri-13="https://zenodo.org/record/3248463/files/figure.png" httpUri-14="https://zenodo.org/record/3248465/files/figure.png" httpUri-15="https://zenodo.org/record/3248467/files/figure.png" httpUri-16="https://zenodo.org/record/3248469/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3248441/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3248443/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/3248445/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/3248447/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/3248449/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/3248451/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/3248453/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/3248455/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figs. 2–18</figureCitation>
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)
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<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFF7EFB12FF22FB67" box="[151,237,1193,1217]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Charops</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="D900534EFFB3FF9BFF1DFB13FE02FB67" author="Holmgren, A. E." box="[244,461,1192,1217]" page="324" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" year="1859">
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<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFF7EFB73FECDFB46" box="[151,258,1224,1248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Zacharops</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="D900534EFFB3FF9BFEE0FB7CFE05FB46" author="Viereck, H. L." box="[265,458,1223,1248]" page="646" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" year="1912">
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<bibRefCitation id="3C3008AEFFB3FF9BFEE0FB7CFE05FB46" author="Viereck, H. L." box="[265,458,1223,1248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="613 - 648" refId="ref24076" refString="Viereck, H. L. (1912) Contributions to our knowledge of bees and Ichneumon-flies, including descriptions of twenty-one new genera and fifty-seven new species of Ichneumon-flies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 42, 613 - 648." type="journal article" year="1912">Viereck, 1912: 646</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="3C3008AEFFB3FF9BFEC0FB5DFE24FB59" author="Enderlein, G." box="[297,491,1254,1279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="3 - 45" refId="ref22758" refString="Enderlein, G. (1921) Beitrage zur Kenntnis aussereuropaischer Ichneumoniden V. Uber die Familie Ophionidae. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 82, 3 - 45" type="journal article" year="1921">Enderlein, 1921:13</bibRefCitation>
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|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFF7EFA96FEA6FAE1" bold="true" box="[151,361,1324,1351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<typeStatus id="871ACBFDFFB3FF9BFF7EFA96FF1DFAE1" box="[151,210,1325,1351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
of the genus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB3FF9BFE91FA96FC27FAE1" authority="Gravenhorst, 1829: 596" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityPageNumber="596" authorityYear="1829" box="[376,1000,1324,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decipiens" subGenus="Campoplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFE91FA96FE03FAE1" box="[376,460,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Ophion</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFE34FA96FD18FAE1" box="[477,727,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Campoplex) decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C3008AEFFB3FF9BFD37FA96FC27FAE1" author="Gravenhorst, J. L. C." box="[734,1000,1324,1351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" refId="ref22983" refString="Gravenhorst, J. L. C. (1829) Ichneumonologia Europaea. Pars III. Vratislaviae, Sumtibus Auctoris. 1097 pp." type="book" year="1829">Gravenhorst, 1829: 596</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by monotypy (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB3FF9BFB4CFA96FAA4FAE1" baseAuthorityName="DeGeer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[1189,1387,1325,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Charops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cantator">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFB4CFA96FAA4FAE1" box="[1189,1387,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Charops cantator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
De- Geer, 1778: 594)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="10BB26D4FFB3FF9BFF2EFACEFC07F821" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="581E755FFFB3FF9BFF2EFACEFC07F821" blockId="2.[151,1437,1324,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFF2EFACEFE7DFA29" bold="true" box="[199,434,1396,1423]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Emended Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
: relatively small to large sizes (fore wing
|
||
<quantity id="9F59D8BAFFB3FF9BFC60FACEFBE9FA29" box="[905,1062,1397,1423]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6499999999999995" metricValueMax="8.2" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="5.6499999999999995" valueMax="8.2" valueMin="3.1">3.1 to 8.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
) covered with a silvery or golden pubescence; head strongly lenticular; mandible with a ventral flange; mandibular teeth small with equal or subequal sizes, and upper tooth broader than the lower tooth; clypeus slightly convex and rounded at apex; eyes strongly emarginate opposite to antennal socket; antennae filiform, usually not longer than half of the body; occiput subpolished and occipital carina reaching hypostomal carina at base of mandible;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB3FF9BFC05F9BEFBADF9B9" box="[1004,1122,1541,1567]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="2" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">mesosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
short, as long as or slightly longer than high; pronotum short, with transverse wrinkles; epomia strong to absent; mesoscutum without discernible notaulus; epicnemial carina present, extending to 0.5–0.75× the height of mesopleurum; scutellum subquadrate and not acutely carinate laterally, covered with long pubescence; metapleuron with juxtacoxal carina usually complete, sometimes strong on its anterior part and weak on its posterior part; propodeum with or without pubescence, usually rugose to reticulate and with elliptical spiracle; median longitudinal carina strongly present to absent; apex of propodeum close to the apex of hind coxa; legs with tarsal claws pectinate; fore wing areolet absent and 2
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFA8DF965FA53F951" box="[1380,1436,1758,1783]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">m-cu</emphasis>
|
||
vein straight and vertical; metasoma long and strongly compressed; petiolar part of first segment very long, weakly up curved or straight; tergosternal suture in a dorsal position near base of petiole lateral and ventral near apex of petiole; postpetiole swollen and sometimes bulbous; glymma absent; ovipositor short, straight or upcurved, not projecting beyond apex of metasoma and with a distinct subapical notch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="10BB26D4FFB3FF9BFF2EF82AFB77F80D" box="[199,1208,1936,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="581E755FFFB3FF9BFF2EF82AFB77F80D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1324,2035]" box="[199,1208,1936,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFF2EF82AFE87F80D" bold="true" box="[199,328,1937,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
: a female word from Greek (χάροψ) which means bright eyes (Hopper, 1959).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="10BB26D4FFB3FF9AFF2EF80FFBBAFD99" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="581E755FFFB3FF9AFF2EF80FFE33FE2D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1324,2035]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,153,684]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFF2EF80FFE87F869" bold="true" box="[199,328,1972,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB3FF9BFEB1F80EFE78F869" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[344,439,1973,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Charops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB3FF9BFEB1F80EFE78F869" box="[344,439,1973,1999]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Charops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB3FF9BFC8CF80EFBDAF869" baseAuthorityName="Miah & Bhuiya" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[869,1045,1973,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Campopleginae">Campopleginae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera by the following combination of characters: emarginate eyes, tergosternal suture near its upper margin, absence of areolet and relatively short ovipositor.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFEF1FF22FEB8FF15" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[280,375,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Charops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFEF1FF22FEB8FF15" box="[280,375,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Charops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFDB9FF22FC5DFF15" authority="Uchida, 1932" authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1932" box="[592,914,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Scenocharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFDB9FF22FD23FF15" box="[592,748,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Scenocharops</emphasis>
|
||
Uchida, 1932
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because they share the strongly emarginated eyes, the complete juxtacoxal carina, and the tergosternal suture near its upper margin, in lateral view. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFF7EFF5AFEFCFF5D" authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,307,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Scenocharops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFF7EFF5AFEFCFF5D" box="[151,307,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Scenocharops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents a small petiolate areolet on the fore wing. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="20B635CFFFB2FF9AFC7EFF5AFC11FF5D" box="[919,990,225,251]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFC03FF5AFB86FF5D" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[1002,1097,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Charops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFC03FF5AFB86FF5D" box="[1002,1097,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Charops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily misidentified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFF7EFEBEFE0EFEB9" authority="Holmgren, 1859" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,449,260,287]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Casinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFF7EFEBEFEC8FEB9" box="[151,263,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Casinaria</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C3008AEFFB2FF9AFEE4FEBFFE0EFEB9" author="Holmgren, A. E." box="[269,449,260,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" pagination="321 - 330" refId="ref23079" refString="Holmgren, A. E. (1859) Conspectus generum Ophionidum Sueciae. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 15, 321 - 330." type="journal article" year="1859">Holmgren,1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, since both genera have strongly emarginated eyes, and a suture separating the first metasomal sternite from the tergite near its upper margin, in lateral view. It is possible to discern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFB62FE92FB25FEE5" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[1163,1258,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Charops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFB62FE92FB25FEE5" box="[1163,1258,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Charops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFAC5FE92FA53FEE5" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[1324,1436,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Casinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFAC5FE92FA53FEE5" box="[1324,1436,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Casinaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because the latter shows a petiolate areolet on the fore wings, and usually lack a complete set of propodeal carinae as well as the juxtacoxal carina.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="581E755FFFB2FF9AFF2EFE2EFBBAFD99" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Brazilian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFEDDFE2EFE5CFE09" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[308,403,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Charops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFEDDFE2EFE5CFE09" box="[308,403,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Charops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have the juxtacoxal carina always present, sometimes faint on its posterior part; epomia present or absent; ovipositor straight or upcurved. It is possible to discern its species by studying the number of flagellomeres, format of supraclipeal area, presence or absence of epomia, the orientation of the propodeal carinae, ovipositor format and body coloration, that may vary in tone or pattern (illustrated for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFB8BFDBAFB2CFDBD" authorityName="Santos & Onody & Brandão" authorityYear="2019" box="[1122,1251,513,539]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Charops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFB8BFDBAFB2CFDBD" box="[1122,1251,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">C. lucianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Surface sculpturing may vary between faint to strong wrinkles on the mesopleura and the propodeum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="10BB26D4FFB2FF9AFF2EFDF2FE1FFD0A" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="581E755FFFB2FF9AFF2EFDF2FE1FFD0A" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFF2EFDF2FEE9FDC5" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1859" box="[199,294,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Charops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFF2EFDF2FEE9FDC5" box="[199,294,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Charops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been registered only in Southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="20B635CFFFB2FF9AFD3CFDF2FCD6FDC5" box="[725,793,585,611]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C09A69DAFFB2FF9AFCC0FDF2FCA1FDC5" box="[809,878,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1614,1639]" captionTargetBox="[161,1405,744,1548]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,693,1602]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Charops sp. in Brazil with data gathered from literature and new records presented here." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3248437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, its occurrence now seems to cover almost all of the Brazilian territory, except for the Midwest and Tocatins, both poorly studied regions (
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFB13FDD5FAD4FD21" box="[1274,1307,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">e.g</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C3008AEFFB2FF9AFAC0FDD6FEC1FD0D" author="Fernandes, D. R. R. & Onody, H. C. & Lara, R. I. R. & Perioto, N. W." pageId="3" pageNumber="48" pagination="124 - 133" refId="ref22786" refString="Fernandes, D. R. R., Onody, H. C., Lara, R. I. R. & Perioto, N. W. (2014) Annotated checklist of Brazilian Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). EntomoBrasilis, 7 (2), 124 - 133. https: // doi. org / 10.12741 / ebrasilis. v 7 i 2.330" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Fernandes
|
||
<emphasis id="6AD5A94DFFB2FF9AFF7EFD29FF00FD0D" box="[151,207,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FA10EDCFFB2FF9AFED4FD2AFE0AFD0A" authorityName="Shuckard" authorityYear="1840" box="[317,453,657,684]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ophioninae">Ophioninae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |