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<document id="80F1F9C362C074CBADEAD964E6ECDAF2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.185613" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8ccb9b77-9c91-40de-ac9c-27e6389d7eff" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="185613" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459997988294" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lapoint, Richard T., Magnacca, Karl N. &amp; OGrady, Patrick M." docDate="2009" docId="384D87CD4131FFD0FF16631998EB3AD5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02003p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2003" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Drosophila waddingtoni Hardy" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="C474FFB5413DFFDEFF8165559A253962" masterDocTitle="Review of the spoon tarsus subgroup of Hawaiian Drosophila (Drosophilidae: Diptera), with a description of one new species" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1698232989243" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="A11E42C91F89A07DC820564854B0C85B">Review of the spoon tarsus subgroup of Hawaiian Drosophila (Drosophilidae: Diptera), with a description of one new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F70EB08639092395E1D2CC9D406DF1FC">Lapoint, Richard T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1DD428AFFF6785B52F726CA4544761C7">Magnacca, Karl N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DEBDF403112AE44B50F2DA0B25C182D4">OGrady, Patrick M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F6D85D6F52E8E5430A06B0723A254F26">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="384D87CD4131FFD0FF16631998EB3AD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6212490" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119380506" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6212490" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:384D87CD4131FFD0FF16631998EB3AD5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/384D87CD4131FFD0FF16631998EB3AD5" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<subSubSection id="F8FE65504131FFD2FF1663199B233FEB" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4131FFD2FF16631998313F04" blockId="12.[151,532,1612,1673]" box="[151,532,1612,1638]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<heading id="EB1381B74131FFD2FF16631998313F04" bold="true" box="[151,532,1612,1638]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584131FFD2FF16631998313F04" ID-CoL="8BX4B" authority="Hardy" authorityName="Hardy" box="[151,532,1612,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waddingtoni">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94131FFD2FF16631998313F04" bold="true" box="[151,532,1612,1638]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94131FFD2FF1663199B9E3F04" bold="true" box="[151,443,1612,1638]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Drosophila waddingtoni</emphasis>
Hardy
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4131FFD2FF16633A9B233FEB" blockId="12.[151,532,1612,1673]" box="[151,262,1647,1673]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<figureCitation id="28DF2A5E4131FFD2FF16633A9ADD3FEB" box="[151,248,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[429,1167,197,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[417,1172,197,1943]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings of selected species a) D. atroscutellata, b) D. sordidapex, c) D. conformis, d) D. dasycnemia, and e) D. waddingtoni." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/185616/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Figure 3</figureCitation>
e
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8FE65504131FFD2FF1663E8984C3F91" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4131FFD2FF1663E8984C3F91" blockId="12.[151,617,1724,1780]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="90F411F54131FFD2FF1663E8984C3F91" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584131FFD2FF1663E8980E3FB1" ID-CoL="37RJ8" authority="Hardy, 1965: 249" authorityName="Hardy" authorityPageNumber="249" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,555,1724,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="disticha">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94131FFD2FF1663E89B4E3FB6" box="[151,363,1725,1748]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Drosophila disticha</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="314510CA4131FFD2FEF063E9980E3FB1" author="Hardy" box="[369,555,1724,1747]" page="249" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4131FFD2FEF063E99BDD3FB1" author="Hardy" box="[369,504,1724,1747]" pageId="12" pageNumber="68" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1965) Insects of Hawaii Volume 12. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 814 pp." type="book" year="1965">Hardy, 1965</bibRefCitation>
: 249
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
252
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584131FFD2FF166388984C3F91" ID-CoL="8BX4B" authority="Basden, 1976: 185" authorityName="Basden" authorityPageNumber="185" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,617,1756,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waddingtoni">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94131FFD2FF1663889BBE3F96" box="[151,411,1757,1780]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Drosophila waddingtoni</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="314510CA4131FFD2FE236389984C3F91" author="Basden" box="[418,617,1756,1779]" page="185" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" year="1976">
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4131FFD2FE23638998123F91" author="Basden" box="[418,567,1756,1779]" pageId="12" pageNumber="67" refString="Basden, E. B. (1976) Oswald Duda and Scaptomyza, 1921 (Dipt., Drosophilidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 111, 185." type="journal article" year="1976">Basden, 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 185
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8FE65504131FFD3FF166276988239BA" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="12" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4131FFD2FF1662769E2C3EBA" blockId="12.[151,1437,1827,2008]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94131FFD2FF1662769B323E5F" bold="true" box="[151,279,1827,1853]" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Dense setae are present on the posterior surface of the tibia equal to, or longer than, the tibial spur (see
<figureCitation id="28DF2A5E4131FFD2FF4E621F9B313E06" box="[207,276,1866,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,362,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,362,1881]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Fore-legs of selected males a) D. atroscutellata, b) D. dasycnemia, c) D. conformis, d) D. incognita, and e) D. percnosoma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/185615/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
b for example). The legs are yellow, except for brown front coxae and femora. The second tarsal segment is the widest of the group, being 1/3 wider than long. The wings are without any noticeable pigmentation (see
<figureCitation id="28DF2A5E4131FFD2FEEF62C29B963ED3" box="[366,435,1943,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox="[429,1167,197,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[417,1172,197,1943]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Wings of selected species a) D. atroscutellata, b) D. sordidapex, c) D. conformis, d) D. dasycnemia, and e) D. waddingtoni." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/185616/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="65">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
e). The thorax is dark brown to black, and the abdomen is mostly dark brown with the last tergum yellow, and the preceding tergites marked with yellow laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4130FFD3FF4465C2988239BA" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94130FFD3FF4465C29B5C39D3" bold="true" box="[197,377,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">
<typeStatus id="6F5F88794130FFD3FF4465C29B3539D3" box="[197,272,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Types</typeStatus>
: MAUI:
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="6F5F88794130FFD3FE0365CD9BD339D0" box="[386,502,152,178]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
ɗ (BPBM 6344) Waikamoi,
<quantity id="771C9B3E4130FFD3FCE565CD99E339D0" box="[868,966,152,178]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="1220.0">1220 m</quantity>
,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FC5565CD9E1B39D0" box="[980,1086,152,178]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1956-07">vii.1956</date>
, DEH. Locality recorded as “Wai
<emphasis id="8290EAC94130FFD3FF5365EA9AC439BA" box="[210,225,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">a</emphasis>
kamoi” on
<typeStatus id="6F5F88794130FFD3FEE265EB9BB039BA" box="[355,405,190,216]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
label (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4130FFD3FE6465EB98BF39BA" author="Evenhuis" box="[485,666,190,216]" pageId="13" pageNumber="67" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (1982) Catalog of entomological types in the Bishop Museum. Diptera: Drosophilidae. Pacific Insects 24, 318 - 367." type="journal article" year="1982">Evenhuis 1982</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8FE65504130FFD3FF4465B0992F399D" box="[197,778,229,255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="description">
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4130FFD3FF4465B0992F399D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2034]" box="[197,778,229,255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94130FFD3FF4465B09B64399D" bold="true" box="[197,321,229,255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Synonym.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584130FFD3FEC865B09856399D" authority="Hardy 1965: 249" authorityName="Hardy" authorityPageNumber="249" authorityYear="1965" box="[329,627,229,255]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="disticha">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94130FFD3FEC865B09B83399C" box="[329,422,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">disticha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4130FFD3FE2C65B09819399D" author="Hardy" box="[429,572,229,255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="68" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1965) Insects of Hawaii Volume 12. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 814 pp." type="book" year="1965">Hardy 1965</bibRefCitation>
: 249
</taxonomicName>
preoccupied
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8FE65504130FFD3FF44645E9B743A21" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4130FFD3FF44645E9ADE3BAD" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94130FFD3FF44645E98673847" bold="true" box="[197,578,267,293]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Material Examined. HAWAII:</emphasis>
11ɗ have been studied from the
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FC4F64599E053844" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[974,1056,268,294]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">BPBM</collectionCode>
from the following localities: 3 ɗ, Keanakolu,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FEC664679BBF382E" box="[327,410,306,332]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1952-10">x.1952</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FE2664679BC3382E" box="[423,486,306,332]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">DEH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FE736467980A382E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15612" box="[498,559,306,332]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15612" name="University of the Pacific" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">CPH</collectionCode>
; 3 ɗ, Kīlauea,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD5C6467991D382E" box="[733,824,306,332]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1919-11">xi.1919</date>
, WMG; 5 ɗ, from Kawaihae Uka, Kohalas,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FAC564679FBD382E" box="[1348,1432,306,332]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2006-10">x.2006</date>
, KNM, RTL, GMB. 30 ɗ have been deposited in the
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FCA7640C99523811" box="[806,887,345,371]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">UHIM</collectionCode>
from the following localities: 7 ɗ, Kīlauea,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FF1664D59B2238F8" box="[151,263,384,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1958-08">viii.1958</date>
, JWB; 5 ɗ, Upper Ōlaa Forest,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD1D64D5992038F8" box="[668,773,384,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1953-07">vii.1953</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FC9364D5997138F8" box="[786,852,384,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">DEH</collectionCode>
; 3 ɗ, Upper Ōlaa Forest,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FB1A64D59F2938F8" box="[1179,1292,384,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1952-08">viii.1952</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FA9B64D59F7938F8" box="[1306,1372,384,410]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">DEH</collectionCode>
; 4 ɗ, Upper Ōlaa Forest,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FE0964F39BCE38A2" box="[392,491,422,448]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1956-07">vii.1956</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FE7964F3981D38A2" box="[504,568,422,448]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">DEH</collectionCode>
; 4 ɗ, Kūlani 5200',
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FCA364F399A038A2" box="[802,901,422,448]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1952-07">vii.1952</date>
, WCM; 2 ɗ, Keanakolu,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FB3164F39F2138A2" box="[1200,1284,422,448]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1952-10">x.1952</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FA8E64F39F6B38A2" box="[1295,1358,422,448]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">DEH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FADA64F39FBD38A2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15612" box="[1371,1432,422,448]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15612" name="University of the Pacific" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">CPH</collectionCode>
; 5 ɗ, Kīpuka Kī,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FEE164989BE33885" box="[352,454,461,487]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1966-07">vii.1966</date>
, KYK. The following material is present at
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FC5D64989E193885" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[988,1084,461,487]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">AMNH</collectionCode>
: ɗ, Volcanoes National Park, Kīpuka Puaulu,
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,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FE4D64A198793B6C" box="[460,604,500,526]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2001-07-29">29.vii.2001</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FDEB64A198953B6C" box="[618,688,500,526]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">PMO</collectionCode>
; 65 ɗ, Volcanoes National Park, Ōlaa Forest, near
<collectingCountry id="C8F3764B4130FFD3FAB764A19F483B6C" box="[1334,1389,500,526]" name="Poland" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Pole</collectingCountry>
44,
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,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FF7F674F9B7D3B56" box="[254,344,538,564]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m0b5-nwmg" name="Ambrose Monell Cryo Collection, American Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">AMCC</collectionCode>
105705,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FE3A674F981B3B56" box="[443,574,538,564]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2001-08-02">2.viIi.2001</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FDCA674F98AB3B56" box="[587,654,538,564]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">PMO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FD1B674F98F23B56" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15840" box="[666,727,538,564]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15840" name="Charles Darwin Research Station" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">CDS</collectionCode>
; 40 ɗ, Volcanoes National Park, Ōlaa Forest, near
<collectingCountry id="C8F3764B4130FFD3FABA674F9F4A3B56" box="[1339,1391,538,564]" name="Poland" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">Pole</collectingCountry>
44, O140.C,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FE8D67149B493B39" box="[268,364,577,603]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m0b5-nwmg" name="Ambrose Monell Cryo Collection, American Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">AMCC</collectionCode>
105687,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FE59671498413B39" box="[472,612,577,603]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2002-04-12">12.iv.2002</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FDF36714989C3B39" box="[626,697,577,603]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">PMO</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FD466714992D3B39" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15840" box="[711,776,577,603]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15840" name="Charles Darwin Research Station" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">CDS</collectionCode>
. The following material is in the Essig Museum of Entomology at
<collectingCountry id="C8F3764B4130FFD3FED2673D9B593BE0" box="[339,380,616,642]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">UC</collectingCountry>
Berkeley: 2 ɗ, Puu Makaala Trailhead,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FCEB673D99E23BE0" box="[874,967,616,642]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-257.1">O257.1</geoCoordinate>
, O201319,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FBD5673D9EC53BE0" box="[1108,1248,616,642]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2004-07-11">11.vii.2004</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FB6F673D9F173BE0" box="[1262,1330,616,642]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">PMO</collectionCode>
, MG; ɗ, Volcanoes National Park, Upper Ōlaa Forest, end of Wright Road, O272.F, O
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FBA167DB9E593BCA" box="[1056,1148,654,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="24-06-20">200624</date>
;
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FB0967DB9F2A3BCA" box="[1160,1295,654,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2004-07-20">20.vii.2004</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FA9A67DB9F7B3BCA" box="[1307,1374,654,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">PMO</collectionCode>
, MG,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FF1667E09A9A3BAD" box="[151,191,693,719]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">GS</collectionCode>
, AC.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4130FFD3FF44678E9B743A21" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94130FFD3FF44678E9B0F3B97" bold="true" box="[197,298,731,757]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">LANAI:</emphasis>
Over 60 ɗ have been deposited in the
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FC85678999713B94" box="[772,852,732,758]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">UHIM</collectionCode>
the following localities: ɗ, Lānaihale,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FABB67899FB23B94" box="[1338,1431,732,758]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1953-06">vi.1953</date>
,
<collectionCode id="D6F5AE1E4130FFD3FF1666579AF23A7E" box="[151,215,770,796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">DEH</collectionCode>
; 12 ɗ, Lānaihale 3300',
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD83665798443A7E" box="[514,609,770,796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1965-03">iii.1965</date>
, KYK; 46 ɗ, Lānaihale 3000',
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FC5D66579E643A7E" box="[988,1089,770,796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1956-07">vii.1956</date>
, dEH; 4 ɗ, Lānaihale 3300',
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FF16667C9B263A21" box="[151,259,809,835]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1964-08">viii.1964</date>
, HLC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8FE65504130FFD0FF44661A9844399D" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" type="description">
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4130FFD3FF44661A98803C99" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94130FFD3FF44661A9B283A0B" bold="true" box="[197,269,847,873]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">MAUI</emphasis>
: Over 180 ɗ have been deposited in the UHIM from the following localities: 2 ɗ, Puu Kukui,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FF1666239AD73AF2" box="[151,242,886,912]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1953-06">vi.1953</date>
, DEH; 2 ɗ, Puu Kukui,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD9C662398523AF2" box="[541,631,886,912]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1954-04">iv.1954</date>
, DEH; ɗ, Haelaau,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FCE3662399E33AF2" box="[866,966,886,912]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1928-12">xii.1928</date>
, OHS; ɗ, Kula Pipeline,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FB7066239F693AF2" box="[1265,1356,886,912]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1927-06">vi.1927</date>
, OHS; 16 ɗ, Kula Pipeline,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FE1E66C8982F3AD5" box="[415,522,925,951]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1956-07">vii.1956</date>
, DEH; ɗ, Waikamoi,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FC9A66C899483AD5" box="[795,877,925,951]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1926-01">i.1926</date>
, OHS; 59 ɗ, Waikamoi,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FB2566C89F2B3AD5" box="[1188,1294,925,951]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1956-07">vii.1956</date>
, RN; 13 ɗ, Waikamoi,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FE9E66919BA93ABC" box="[287,396,964,990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1958-08">viii.1958</date>
, DEH; 88 ɗ, Waikamoi,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD38669199383ABC" box="[697,797,964,990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1964-07">vii.1964</date>
, HLC; 2 ɗ, Waikamoi,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FBB866919EBB3ABC" box="[1081,1182,964,990]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1956-07">vii.1956</date>
, DEH; ɗ, Waikamoi,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FF1666BF9AD13D66" box="[151,244,1002,1028]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1966-03">iii.1966</date>
, WBH. The following material is present at AMNH: 9 ɗ, Upper Waikamoi Forest Reserve,
<quantity id="771C9B3E4130FFD3FAB966BF9FB63D66" box="[1336,1427,1002,1028]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6764" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" unit="ft" value="5500.0">5500 ft</quantity>
.,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FF1661449AC13D49" box="[151,228,1041,1067]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-41.4">O41.4</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FF7161449B493D49" box="[240,364,1041,1067]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1998-07-06">6.vii.1998</date>
, PMO, SLM; 10 ɗ, 2 Ψ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Heed Trail, O50.A,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FB5061449F623D49" box="[1233,1351,1041,1067]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1999-03-08">8.iii.1999</date>
, PMO, EMC, MPK; 3 ɗ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Heed Trail, O55.B,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FC2E616D9E473D30" box="[943,1122,1080,1106]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1999-03-16" valueMax="1999-03-18" valueMin="1999-03-16">1618.iii.1999</date>
, PMO, JBS; ɗ, Makawao Forest Reserve, Pig Hunters Trail,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FDC7610B98B13D1A" box="[582,660,1118,1144]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-56.1">O56.1</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD20610B99093D1A" box="[673,812,1118,1144]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1999-07-18">18.vii.1999</date>
, PMO, JBS; 20 ɗ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Heed Trail, O71.A,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FEC661D09BE53DFD" box="[327,448,1157,1183]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1999-06-02">2.vi.1999</date>
, PMO; 3 ɗ, Hanaula,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FD5761D099023DFD" box="[726,807,1157,1183]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-72.9">O72.9</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FCB561D099CF3DFD" box="[820,1002,1157,1183]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1999-06-15" valueMax="1999-06-16" valueMin="1999-06-15">1516.vi.1999</date>
, PMO, KYK, KTK, YK; 6 ɗ, 2 Ψ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Heed Trail, O73.C,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD6B61F999583DA4" box="[746,893,1196,1222]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1999-07-22">22.vii.1999</date>
, PMO, EMC, MPK; 2 ɗ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Heed Trail, O74.I,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FE716187987A3D8E" box="[496,607,1234,1260]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2000-02-04">4.ii.2000</date>
, PMO; 10 ɗ, Makawao Forest Reserve, Pig Hunters Trail,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FABA61879FBD3D8E" box="[1339,1432,1234,1260]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-153.8">O153.8</geoCoordinate>
, AMCC105805,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FED261AC9BF73C71" box="[339,466,1273,1299]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2002-04-23">23.iv.2002</date>
, PMO, DO; 4 ɗ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Heed Trail, O154.H,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FB4A61AC9F6F3C71" box="[1227,1354,1273,1299]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2002-04-23">23.iv.2002</date>
, PMO, DO. The following material is in the Essig Museum of Entomology at
<collectingCountry id="C8F3764B4130FFD3FC7960759E073C58" box="[1016,1058,1312,1338]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">UC</collectingCountry>
Berkeley: ɗ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Flume stream,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FE4A6013980E3C02" box="[459,555,1350,1376]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-300.8">O300.8</geoCoordinate>
, O201347,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD3F6013996E3C02" box="[702,843,1350,1376]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2005-08-04">4.viii.2005</date>
, PMO, GMB,
<collectingCountry id="C8F3764B4130FFD3FB8560139E173C02" box="[1028,1074,1350,1376]" name="Switzerland" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">CH</collectingCountry>
, JEG; 4 ɗ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Heed Trail, O301.A, O201362,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FDF9603898DC3CE5" box="[632,761,1389,1415]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2005-08-04">4.viii.2005</date>
, PMO, GMB,
<collectingCountry id="C8F3764B4130FFD3FC27603899F73CE5" box="[934,978,1389,1415]" name="Switzerland" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">CH</collectingCountry>
, JEG; 10 ɗ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Heed Trail,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FEA960C19BA13CCC" box="[296,388,1428,1454]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-303.5">O303.5</geoCoordinate>
, O201407,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD9160C198B33CCC" box="[528,662,1428,1454]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2005-08-04">4.viii.2005</date>
, PMO, GMB,
<collectingCountry id="C8F3764B4130FFD3FCC660C199563CCC" box="[839,883,1428,1454]" name="Switzerland" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">CH</collectingCountry>
, JEG; 6 ɗ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Carson Trail,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FF6360EF9B653CB6" box="[226,320,1466,1492]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-305.5">O305.5</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FECC60EF9BF33CB6" box="[333,470,1466,1492]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2005-08-06">6.viii.2005</date>
, PMO, GMB; 12 ɗ, Waikamoi Forest Reserve, Heed Trail,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FB3960EF9F323CB6" box="[1208,1303,1466,1492]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-398.1">O398.1</geoCoordinate>
, O
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FAB860EF9FBD3CB6" box="[1337,1432,1466,1492]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="86-07-20">200786</date>
,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FF1660B49B053C99" box="[151,288,1505,1531]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2007-07-31">31.vii.2007</date>
; PMO, KNM, RTL, GMB, KRG.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4130FFD0FF4463529844399D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2034]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,152,951]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94130FFD3FF4463529B793F43" bold="true" box="[197,348,1543,1569]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66">MOLOKAI:</emphasis>
23 ɗ have been deposited in the BPBM from the following localities: 3 ɗ, Kamakou Preserve, forest near Hanalilolilo Lookout, O376.C, O201865,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FC14637B9E363F2A" box="[917,1043,1582,1608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2007-02-19">19.ii.2007</date>
, PMO, KNM, RTL, GMB; 13 ɗ Kamakou Preserve, Puu Kolekole,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FDC8630098823F0D" box="[585,679,1621,1647]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-377.6">O377.6</geoCoordinate>
, O201874,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FCB7630099933F0D" box="[822,950,1621,1647]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2007-02-19">19.ii.2007</date>
, PMO, KNM, RTL, GMB, ɗ Kamakou Preserve, makai of Puu Kolekole Cabin,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FDF0632998EE3FF4" box="[625,715,1660,1686]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-378.4">O378.4</geoCoordinate>
, 201890,19.
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FCDF6329998A3FF4" box="[862,943,1660,1686]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2007-02">ii.2007</date>
, PMO, RTL, GMB; ɗ Kamakou Preserve, Tunnel on trail to Puu Kolekole,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FDA763F798A73FDE" box="[550,642,1698,1724]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-379.1">O379.1</geoCoordinate>
, O201894,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FC8C63F799AF3FDE" box="[781,906,1698,1724]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2007-02-19">19.ii.2007</date>
, PMO, KNM, RTL, GMB; 11ɗ, Pepeopae,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FF16639C9ADF3F81" box="[151,250,1737,1763]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1959-07">vii.1959</date>
, DEH; 4 ɗ, Maunawainui Valley,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD0C639C98D73F81" box="[653,754,1737,1763]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1952-07">vii.1952</date>
, DEH. Over 50 ɗ have been deposited in the UHIM from the following localities: 16 ɗ, Puu Kolekole,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD3663A5993E3E68" box="[695,795,1776,1802]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1952-07">vii.1952</date>
, DEH, MT; 16 ɗ, Puu Kolekole,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FB2F63A59F373E68" box="[1198,1298,1776,1802]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1953-07">vii.1953</date>
, DEH, MT; 4 ɗ, Puu Kolekole,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FE0962439BC13E52" box="[392,484,1814,1840]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1963-03">iii.1963</date>
, DEH; 1ɗ, Pepeopae,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD776243997C3E52" box="[758,857,1814,1840]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1959-07">vii.1959</date>
, DEH; 4 ɗ, Maunawainui Valley,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FB6862439F693E52" box="[1257,1356,1814,1840]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1952-07">vii.1952</date>
, DEH. The following material is present at AMNH: 46 ɗ, Kamakou Preserve, Puu Kolekole,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FB3C62689F2E3E35" box="[1213,1291,1853,1879]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-35.1">O35.1</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FA9862689FBD3E35" box="[1305,1432,1853,1879]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1998-07-01">1.vii.1998</date>
, PMO, SLM; 83 ɗ, Kamakou Preserve, Puu Kolekole,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FCAF623199593E1C" box="[814,892,1892,1918]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-58.5">O58.5</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FC0862319E193E1C" box="[905,1084,1892,1918]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1999-03-19" valueMax="1999-03-21" valueMin="1999-03-19">1921.iii.1999</date>
, PMO, JBS; 37 ɗ, Kamakou Preserve, Puu Kolekole, O101.C,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FDB162DF98CD3EC6" box="[560,744,1930,1956]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="1999-07-26" valueMax="1999-07-27" valueMin="1999-07-26">2627.vii.1999</date>
, PMO, EMC, MPK; 26 ɗ, 55 Ψ, Kamakou Preserve, Puu Kolekole,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FE9362E49B493EA9" box="[274,364,1969,1995]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-146.2">O146.2</geoCoordinate>
, AMCC105707,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FDB662E498C43EA9" box="[567,737,1969,1995]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2002-04-15" valueMax="2002-04-16" valueMin="2002-04-15">1516.iv.2002</date>
, PMO, CDS, DO; 1ɗ, 13 Ψ, Kamakou Preserve, Pepeopae Boardwalk Trail,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4130FFD3FEEC628D9BEF3E90" box="[365,458,2008,2034]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" precision="5555" value="-150.2">O150.2</geoCoordinate>
, AMCC105755,
<date id="C45A101B4130FFD3FD19628D993C3E90" box="[664,793,2008,2034]" pageId="13" pageNumber="66" value="2002-04-16">16.iv.2002</date>
, PMO, CDS, DO; 2 ɗ, 7f, Kamakou Preserve, forest near Hanalilolilo Lookout, O151.C, AMCC105765,
<date id="C45A101B4133FFD0FD7C65CD995E39D0" box="[765,891,152,178]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" value="2002-04-17">17.iv.2002</date>
, PMO, CDS, DO. The following material is in the Essig Museum of Entomology at
<collectingCountry id="C8F3764B4133FFD0FDCB65EB985639BA" box="[586,627,190,216]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">UC</collectingCountry>
Berkeley: 35 ɗ, Kamakou Preserve, Puu Kolekole,
<quantity id="771C9B3E4133FFD0FB5565EB9F0B39BA" box="[1236,1326,190,216]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1746992" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" unit="ft" value="3854.0">3854 ft</quantity>
.,
<geoCoordinate id="D5D0501C4133FFD0FABC65EB9FBD39BA" box="[1341,1432,190,216]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" precision="5555" value="-283.1">O283.1</geoCoordinate>
, O201705,
<date id="C45A101B4133FFD0FE9365B09BE2399D" box="[274,455,229,255]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" value="2004-07-28" valueMax="2004-07-29" valueMin="2004-07-28">2829.vii.2004</date>
, PMO, CDS.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8FE65504133FFD0FF44645E9E56382E" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4133FFD0FF44645E9EA63844" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,951]" box="[197,1155,267,294]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FF44645E9B403847" bold="true" box="[197,357,267,293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Distribution.</emphasis>
This species is endemic to Maui Nui and the Big Island of Hawaii.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4133FFD0FF4464679E56382E" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,951]" box="[197,1139,306,332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FF4464679B19382E" bold="true" box="[197,316,306,332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Behavior.</emphasis>
Speith (1966: 273);
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FDAF64679925382E" author="Grossfield" box="[558,768,306,332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Grossfield, J. (1968) Visual Stimuli in the Biology of the Hawaiian Drosophila. University of Texas Publications, 6818, 301 - 317." type="journal article" year="1968">Grossfield (1968)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FC8D64679E4A382E" author="Kambysellis" box="[780,1135,306,332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Kambysellis, M. P. &amp; Heed, W. B. (1971) Studies of oogenesis in natural populations of Drosophilidae. I. Relation of ovarian development and ecological habitats of the Hawaiian species. American Naturalist, 105, 31 - 49" type="journal article" year="1971">Kambysellis and Heed (1971)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8FE65504133FFD0FF44640D9BD73A21" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4133FFD0FF44640D9B5538F8" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FF44640D9BA73810" bold="true" box="[197,386,344,370]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Chromosomes.</emphasis>
The metaphase complement of this species is 5 rods and 1 dot (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FB09640C9F153811" author="Clayton" box="[1160,1328,345,371]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" refString="Clayton, F. E. (1969) Variations in the metaphase chromosomes of Hawaiian Drosophilidae. University of Texas Publications, 6918, 95 - 110." type="journal article" year="1969">Clayton 1969</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FABC640C9B4738F8" author="Yoon" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Yoon, J. S. &amp; Richardson, R. H. (1978) Evolution in Hawaiian Drosophilidae III. The microchromosome and heterochromatin of Drosophila. Evolution, 32 (3), 475 - 484." type="journal article" year="1978">Yoon &amp; Richardson 1978</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4133FFD0FF4464F3997F3B39" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FF4464F39B1538A2" bold="true" box="[197,304,422,448]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Ecology.</emphasis>
Nutritional requirements (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FDF364F3995038A2" author="Robertson" box="[626,885,422,448]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Robertson, F. W., Shook, M., Takei, G. &amp; Gaines, H. (1968) Observations on the biology and nutrition of Drosophila disticha Hardy, an indigenous Hawaiian species. University of Texas Publications, 6818, 279 - 299." type="journal article" year="1968">Robertson et al 1968</bibRefCitation>
); This species has been reared from leaves of
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584133FFD0FF16649898743885" box="[151,593,461,487]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cheirodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trigynum">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FF1664989B9C3884" box="[151,441,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Cheirodendron trigynum</emphasis>
(Araliaceae)
</taxonomicName>
from Hawaii, Maui, Molokai and Lanai; leaves of
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584133FFD0FB4664989F5E3884" box="[1223,1403,461,486]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Tetraplasandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FB4664989F5E3884" box="[1223,1403,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Tetraplasandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp (
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584133FFD0FF1E64A19B063B6C" box="[159,291,500,526]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Araliaceae</taxonomicName>
) from Hawaii; leaves and stems of
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584133FFD0FD5A64A199463B6F" box="[731,867,500,525]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Clermontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FD5A64A199463B6F" box="[731,867,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Clermontia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp (
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584133FFD0FC1764A19E723B6C" box="[918,1111,500,526]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Campanulaceae</taxonomicName>
) from Hawaii and Lanai; leaves of
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584133FFD0FE88674F98803B56" box="[265,677,538,564]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Myrsine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lessertiana">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FE88674F9BD63B51" box="[265,499,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Myrsine lessertiana</emphasis>
(Myrsinaceae)
</taxonomicName>
from Molokai; leaves of
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584133FFD0FC5E674F9E543B51" box="[991,1137,538,563]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pittosporaceae" genus="Pittosporum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FC5E674F9E543B51" box="[991,1137,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Pittosporum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp (
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584133FFD0FB22674F9F763B56" box="[1187,1363,538,564]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pittosporaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pittosporaceae</taxonomicName>
) from Molokai (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FE9267149BBD3B39" author="Heed" box="[275,408,577,603]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Heed, W. B. (1968) Ecology of the Hawaiian Drosophila. University of Texas Publications, 6818, 387 - 419." type="journal article" year="1968">Heed 1968</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FE25671498BE3B39" author="Magnacca" box="[420,667,577,603]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Magnacca, K. N., Foote, D. &amp; O'Grady, P. M. (2008) A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants. Zootaxa, 1728, 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="2008">Magnacca et al 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FD26671499683B39" author="Mangan" box="[679,845,577,603]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Mangan, R. L. (1978) Comparative interactions among host plant specific Drosophila species. PhD Thesis, University of Arizona, Tuscon." type="book" year="1978">Mangan 1978</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4133FFD0FF4467329FB93B94" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FF4467329B403BE3" bold="true" box="[197,357,615,641]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Illustrations.</emphasis>
Morphological structures of this species are depicted in multiple publications including: egg (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FF1E67DB995F3BCA" author="Kambysellis" box="[159,890,654,680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Kambysellis, M. P. &amp; Heed, W. B. (1971) Studies of oogenesis in natural populations of Drosophilidae. I. Relation of ovarian development and ecological habitats of the Hawaiian species. American Naturalist, 105, 31 - 49" type="journal article" year="1971">Kambysellis and Heed 1971: 34, fig. 2.3; 36, figs. 4.1, 4.2</bibRefCitation>
); foreleg (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FC7967DB9F653BCA" author="Hardy" box="[1016,1344,654,680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1965) Insects of Hawaii Volume 12. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 814 pp." type="book" year="1965" yearSuffix="a">Hardy 1965: 250, fig. 82a</bibRefCitation>
); ovary (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FF1E67E098A63BAD" author="Kambysellis" box="[159,643,693,719]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Kambysellis, M. P. &amp; Heed, W. B. (1971) Studies of oogenesis in natural populations of Drosophilidae. I. Relation of ovarian development and ecological habitats of the Hawaiian species. American Naturalist, 105, 31 - 49" type="journal article" year="1971">Kambysellis and Heed 1971: 35, fig. 3.1</bibRefCitation>
); phallus (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FD7E67E09E733BAD" author="Kaneshiro" box="[767,1110,693,719]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Kaneshiro, K. Y. (1976) A revision of generic concepts in Hawaiian Drosophilidae. Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society, 22, 255 - 278." type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="e">Kaneshiro 1976: 267, fig. 5e</bibRefCitation>
); terminalia, female, lateral (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FF1E67899BF03B94" author="Hardy" box="[159,469,732,758]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1965) Insects of Hawaii Volume 12. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 814 pp." type="book" year="1965" yearSuffix="b">Hardy 1965: 250, fig. 82b</bibRefCitation>
); terminalia, male, lateral (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FC8F67899E673B94" author="Hardy" box="[782,1090,732,758]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1965) Insects of Hawaii Volume 12. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 814 pp." type="book" year="1965" yearSuffix="c">Hardy 1965: 250, fig. 82c</bibRefCitation>
);
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FBD667899ED73B94" author="Takada" box="[1111,1266,732,758]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Takada, H. (1966) Male Genitalia of some Hawaiian Drosophilidae. University of Texas Publications, 6615, 315 - 333." type="journal article" year="1966">Takada 1966</bibRefCitation>
: 318, fig. 1.8).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4133FFD0FF4466579BD73A21" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FF4466579BE03A7E" bold="true" box="[197,453,770,796]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Molecular Biology.</emphasis>
DNA sequences (
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FD2D66579E1A3A7E" author="Kambysellis" box="[684,1087,770,796]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="Kambysellis, M. P. &amp; Craddock, E. M. (1997) Ecological and reproductive shifts in the diversification of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophila. In: Givnish, T. J. &amp; Sytsma, K. J. (Eds) Molecular Evolution and Adaptive Radiation. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 475 - 509." type="book chapter" year="1997">Kambysellis &amp; Craddock 1997</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FBCC66579FBD3A7E" author="O'Grady" box="[1101,1432,770,796]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="O'Grady, P. M. &amp; DeSalle, R. (2008) Out of Hawaii: The origin and biogeographic history of the genus Scaptomyza (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Biology Letters, 4 (2), 195 - 199" type="journal article" year="2008">OGrady &amp; DeSalle 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D4754B2A4133FFD0FF16667C9BC33A21" author="O'Grady" box="[151,486,809,835]" pageId="14" pageNumber="68" refString="O'Grady, P. M. &amp; Zilversmit, M. (2004) Phylogenetic relationships within the haleakalae species group inferred by molecular and morphological characters (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Bishop Museum Bulletins in Entomology, 12, 117 - 134." type="journal article" year="2004">OGrady &amp; Zilversmit 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8FE65504133FFD0FF44661A98EB3AD5" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B05B36DB4133FFD0FF44661A98EB3AD5" blockId="14.[151,1437,152,951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FF44661A9B753A0B" bold="true" box="[197,336,847,873]" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="77E44D584133FFD0FED9660598523A0B" box="[344,631,848,873]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waddingtoni">
<emphasis id="8290EAC94133FFD0FED9660598523A0B" box="[344,631,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="67">Drosophila waddingtoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the widest range of any spoon tarsus group species and is found throughout Hawaii and Maui Nui. Several individuals from Maui have been collected that grade in coloration of the tibia from yellow (normal) to dark brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>