233 lines
33 KiB
XML
233 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="63F1E34411570E136D4FB028690F0013" ID-CLB-Dataset="27761" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4532.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="114a9cd5-ae28-4133-a31e-e847c3e4f316" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2615023" ID-ZooBank="A6128B92-0B20-4D4D-AE8B-483D39BB2C04" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553787707609" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Thandar, Ahmed S." docDate="2018" docId="2A0887A599155E29BCF8FEBAFD3CFE23" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4532.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4532 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stereoderma mohammedi Thandar 2018, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="D631FFDD991F5E22BC6FFFCAFFE4FF8E" masterDocTitle="On some miscellaneous sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) in the collections of the South African Museum with three new species" masterLastPageNumber="85" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1698714980924" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="80B88AC94904F4F7F62CC2BF2503249C">
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<mods:title id="D648D2B17C308787DF73A5683C2124FF">On some miscellaneous sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) in the collections of the South African Museum with three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FD0305A723238800830B225CFD7216F0" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="06F5287D87B492B6ABE9133FA303BC76">Thandar, Ahmed S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="04EF671FE006E42EA29034BED034062F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="AE16D23BF7162DB865574A609AA92AF6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A89AD5C5CA24A83DF0C926B46CDBE456">
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<mods:date id="CAB7B7A123D89DC7C393DB78E51CD2DA">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="927B9B552BE5155A80540F0E9E4EF502">2018-12-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CFE152680A675DC16BBA38F0EE5F591A">4532</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B62BAEE82808ADC5C0BB3BC250977885" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4532.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2A0887A599155E29BCF8FEBAFD3CFE23" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5107304" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154521168" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5107304" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A0887A599155E29BCF8FEBAFD3CFE23" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A0887A599155E29BCF8FEBAFD3CFE23" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
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<subSubSection id="EABB653899155E28BCF8FEBAFDF1FE04" box="[151,533,368,394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A21E36B399155E28BCF8FEBAFDF1FE04" blockId="10.[151,533,368,427]" box="[151,533,368,394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
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<heading id="F95681DF99155E28BCF8FEBAFDF1FE04" bold="true" box="[151,533,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCF8FEBAFDF1FE04" bold="true" box="[151,533,368,394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28BCF8FEBAFE28FE04" ID-CoL="6ZRLR" authority="Thandar, 2018" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,460,368,394]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Stereoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mohammedi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCF8FEBAFE28FE04" bold="true" box="[151,460,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Stereoderma mohammedi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8BE657DA99155E28BDBCFEBAFDF1FE04" box="[467,533,368,394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EABB653899155E28BCF8FE58FEE3FE25" box="[151,263,402,427]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A21E36B399155E28BCF8FE58FEE3FE25" blockId="10.[151,533,368,427]" box="[151,263,402,427]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
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(
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<figureCitation id="3A9A2A3699155E28BCF1FE58FF1AFE25" box="[158,254,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1381,1403]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1360]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,481,1360]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Stereoderma mohammedi n.sp. SAMC-A090915. A. Specimen (entire); B. Body wall ossicles with nodules; C. Smooth body wall ossicles; D. Polygonal body wall ossicles with nodules; E. Spinous tube feet rods; F. Part of calcareous ring (dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615040/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figure 8</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EABB653899155E28BCF8FE10FCADFD98" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A21E36B399155E28BCF8FE10FCADFD98" blockId="10.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCF8FE10FE65FE7D" bold="true" box="[151,385,474,499]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="12C93CEE99155E28BDE7FE10FCADFD98" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2117749590" collectingDate="1979-06-26" collectionCode="SM" elevation="590" latitude="-32.181667" location="Transkei" longLatPrecision="121" longitude="29.173334" municipality="Port St. Johns" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" specimenCode="SAMC-A090915, SM232" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="7D1A881199155E28BDE7FE10FE11FE7D" box="[392,501,474,499]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="F2079EC899155E28BD90FE10FD27FE7D" box="[511,707,474,499]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
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SAMC-A
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<date id="D61F107399155E28BE01FE10FD27FE7D" box="[622,707,474,499]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" value="15-09-09">090915</date>
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</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="F2079EC899155E28BEA0FE11FCC0FE7D" box="[719,804,475,499]" collectionCode="SM" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">SM232</specimenCode>
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, off coast of
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<location id="A77E606899155E28BFD8FE10FBFFFE7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A0887A599155E29BCF8FEBAFD3CFE23:A77E606899155E28BFD8FE10FBFFFE7D" box="[951,1051,474,499]" latitude="-32.181667" longLatPrecision="121" longitude="29.173334" municipality="Port St. Johns" name="Transkei" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Transkei</location>
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, south of
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<collectingMunicipality id="427AACC999155E28B8E6FE11FAC3FE7D" box="[1161,1319,474,499]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Port St. Johns</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C795507499155E28B95CFE11FF4CFD99" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" precision="92" value="-32.181667">32° 10.9’ S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C795507499155E28BCDBFE35FED5FD98" box="[180,305,511,535]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" precision="92" value="29.173334">29°10.4’ E</geoCoordinate>
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, heavy dredge,
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<quantity id="65599B5699155E28BD8FFE34FD85FD98" box="[480,609,510,535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="590.0" valueMax="620.0" valueMin="560.0">
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<elevation id="298CD18099155E28BD8FFE34FD85FD98" box="[480,609,510,535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="590.0" valueMax="620.0" valueMin="560.0">560–620 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="D61F107399155E28BE02FE34FD0BFD99" box="[621,751,510,535]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" value="1979-06-26">
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<collectingDate id="C65BE99B99155E28BE02FE34FD0BFD99" box="[621,751,510,535]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" value="1979-06-26">26.VI.1979</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, 1 spec.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EABB653899155E28BCA8FDE8FE58FC9D" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A21E36B399155E28BCA8FDE8FE58FC9D" blockId="10.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCA8FDE8FEA5FDB5" bold="true" box="[199,321,546,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="7D1A881199155E28BD27FDE8FE54FDB5" box="[328,432,546,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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minute, U-shaped, length along ventrum
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<quantity id="65599B5699155E28BFEDFDE8FC30FDB4" box="[898,980,546,571]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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. Tentacles 10, of more or less equal size, not dendritic but with few sparse branches. Anal teeth present. Tube feet short, scattered. Calcareous ring simple. Stone canal short; Polian vesicles two. Respiratory trees elongate, unbranched. Body wall ossicles as simple, smooth or slightly knobbed imbricating, multilocular plates of a variety of shapes, those of ventral surface slightly elongate; nodules, when present, mostly minute, holes
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<quantity id="65599B5699155E28BF78FD78FC94FD45" box="[791,880,690,715]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" metricValueMax="4.064" metricValueMin="1.778" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="11.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="7.0">7–16 in</quantity>
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number, some plates polygonal. Tube feet rods curved, with characteristic short marginal projections; end-plates present. Tentacles with minute, smooth to slightly nodular, perforated plates.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EABB653899155E28BCA8FCD4FD2AFCD5" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="A21E36B399155E28BCA8FCD4FD2AFCD5" blockId="10.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCA8FCD4FEAAFCB9" bold="true" box="[199,334,798,823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Etymology.</emphasis>
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This species is named after my son, Mohammed, in appreciation of him providing us with a very comfortable retirement home in our twilight years.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EABB653899155E28BCA8FCACFD1BF989" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A21E36B399155E28BCA8FCACFD1BF989" blockId="10.[151,1437,474,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCA8FCACFEBDFCF1" bold="true" box="[199,345,870,895]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Description.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="7D1A881199155E28BD0FFCACFE2CFCF1" box="[352,456,870,895]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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minute, U-shaped, oral and anal ends sharply turned up, mouth slightly above level of anus (
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<figureCitation id="3A9A2A3699155E28BCB5FC40FEB1FC2D" box="[218,341,906,931]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1682,1704]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudocnus thandari Natasen Moodley, 2008. SAM-A22743-188060-1089. A. Specimen (entire); B. Handled plates from body wall; C. Handle-less plates from body wall; D. Rods from tentacle; E. Rods from tube feet; F. Introvert plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615037/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figure 7A</figureCitation>
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). Length along ventrum
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<quantity id="65599B5699155E28BE00FC40FD25FC2C" box="[623,705,906,931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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, breadth in mid-body about
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<quantity id="65599B5699155E28B868FC41FBA8FC2C" box="[1031,1100,907,931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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. Tentacles 10 of more or less equal size, mid-ventral two only slightly reduced; tentacles not at all tree-like or dendritic, branches few and short (
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<figureCitation id="3A9A2A3699155E28BCF1FC18FEF2FC65" box="[158,278,978,1003]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1682,1704]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudocnus thandari Natasen Moodley, 2008. SAM-A22743-188060-1089. A. Specimen (entire); B. Handled plates from body wall; C. Handle-less plates from body wall; D. Rods from tentacle; E. Rods from tube feet; F. Introvert plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615037/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figure 7A</figureCitation>
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). Anal teeth present, minute. Tube feet short, scattered but more prominent in the ambulacra. Colour in alcohol white, including tube feet and tentacles. Calcareous ring simple, well developed (
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<figureCitation id="3A9A2A3699155E28B8F1FC3CFAF7FB81" box="[1182,1299,1014,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1682,1704]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudocnus thandari Natasen Moodley, 2008. SAM-A22743-188060-1089. A. Specimen (entire); B. Handled plates from body wall; C. Handle-less plates from body wall; D. Rods from tentacle; E. Rods from tube feet; F. Introvert plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615037/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figure 7F</figureCitation>
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); radial and interradial plates meeting at base, both of equal length, bifurcating anteriorly, notched posteriorly. Stone canal short, lying just behind the mid-dorsal interradial plate; madreporite well calcified but amorphous. Polian vesicles two, sac-like. Respiratory trees paired, unbranched, appearing as elongated tubes arising independently from cloaca, right one longer than left, both slightly curved distally. Gonad as paired tufts of short unbranched tubules, full of developing eggs, each tuft comprising about half a dozen tubules, younger tubules attached more posteriorly. Longitudinal muscles unpaired, filamentous. Retractor muscles arise from longitudinal bands at about mid-body, more anteriorly in ventral ambulacra. Body wall ossicles comprise simple, smooth or knobbed imbricating, multilocular plates of a variety of form (
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<figureCitation id="3A9A2A3699155E28BE09FADCFD2CFAA1" box="[614,712,1302,1327]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1682,1704]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudocnus thandari Natasen Moodley, 2008. SAM-A22743-188060-1089. A. Specimen (entire); B. Handled plates from body wall; C. Handle-less plates from body wall; D. Rods from tentacle; E. Rods from tube feet; F. Introvert plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615037/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figure 7</figureCitation>
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B–D), 140–250 µm, those of ventral surface slightly elongated; nodules, when present, mostly minute, found both around margin and surface of plates (
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<figureCitation id="3A9A2A3699155E28B81BFAF0FB0DFADD" box="[1140,1257,1338,1363]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1682,1704]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudocnus thandari Natasen Moodley, 2008. SAM-A22743-188060-1089. A. Specimen (entire); B. Handled plates from body wall; C. Handle-less plates from body wall; D. Rods from tentacle; E. Rods from tube feet; F. Introvert plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615037/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figure 7B</figureCitation>
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), rarely only on surface, of two different sizes, plates with large nodules rare; holes 7–16. Some plates smooth (
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<figureCitation id="3A9A2A3699155E28B8BBFA94FAAFFAF9" box="[1236,1355,1374,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1682,1704]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudocnus thandari Natasen Moodley, 2008. SAM-A22743-188060-1089. A. Specimen (entire); B. Handled plates from body wall; C. Handle-less plates from body wall; D. Rods from tentacle; E. Rods from tube feet; F. Introvert plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615037/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figure 7C</figureCitation>
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), some polygonal (
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<figureCitation id="3A9A2A3699155E28BD79FA48FE6AFA15" box="[278,398,1410,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1682,1704]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudocnus thandari Natasen Moodley, 2008. SAM-A22743-188060-1089. A. Specimen (entire); B. Handled plates from body wall; C. Handle-less plates from body wall; D. Rods from tentacle; E. Rods from tube feet; F. Introvert plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615037/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figure 7D</figureCitation>
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). Tube feet with very characteristic, strongly curved, smooth to minutely knobbed rods with short projections on curved surface, sometimes also with one or two medial holes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="3A9A2A3699155E28B853FA6CFB55FA31" box="[1084,1201,1446,1471]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1682,1704]" captionTargetBox="[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[164,1420,515,1662]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pseudocnus thandari Natasen Moodley, 2008. SAM-A22743-188060-1089. A. Specimen (entire); B. Handled plates from body wall; C. Handle-less plates from body wall; D. Rods from tentacle; E. Rods from tube feet; F. Introvert plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615037/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figure 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
). End-plates present, up to 100 µm, with a varying number of holes with no regular arrangement. Tentacles with minute perforated plates, up to 100 µm, either smooth or slightly nodular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EABB653899155E28BCA8F9D8FD2CF9A5" box="[199,712,1554,1579]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="A21E36B399155E28BCA8F9D8FD2CF9A5" blockId="10.[151,1437,474,2011]" box="[199,712,1554,1579]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCA8F9D8FE84F9A5" bold="true" box="[199,352,1554,1579]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from
|
||
<typeStatus id="7D1A881199155E28BE58F9D9FD83F9A5" box="[567,615,1555,1579]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EABB653899155E29BCA8F9FCFD3CFE23" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A21E36B399155E29BCA8F9FCFD3CFE23" blockId="10.[151,1437,474,2011]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCA8F9FCFEDFF9C1" bold="true" box="[199,315,1590,1615]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimen at hand is clearly referable to
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BF5BF9FCFC2CF9C1" box="[820,968,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28BF5BF9FCFC20F9C1" box="[820,964,1590,1615]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Stereoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Stereoderma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in his
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28B87AF9FCFB38F9C0" box="[1045,1244,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">kirchsbergi group</emphasis>
|
||
, as characterised by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6304B4299155E28BCD5F990FE8DF9FD" author="Panning, A." box="[186,361,1626,1651]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" pagination="404 - 470" refId="ref15486" refString="Panning, A. (1949) Versuch einer Neuordnung der Familie Cucumariidae (Holothurioidea, Dendrochirota). Zoologische Jahrbucher Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, 78, 404 - 470." type="journal article" year="1949">Panning (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, because of the presence of thick, knobbed, imbricating plates. Panning included several species in this group as opposed to his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28BE68F9B5FD90F918" baseAuthorityName="Stimpson" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[519,628,1663,1686]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Stereoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="unisemita">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BE68F9B5FD90F918" box="[519,628,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">unisemita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group where the plates were said to be non-imbricating. At that time
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28BCF8F968FEC0F935" box="[151,292,1698,1723]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Stereoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCF8F968FEC0F935" box="[151,292,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Stereoderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represented a hodgepodge collection of largely unrelated forms.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6304B4299155E28B878F968FB23F935" author="Panning, A." box="[1047,1223,1698,1723]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" refId="ref15523" refString="Panning, A. (1964) Bemergungen uber die Holothurien-Familie Cucumariidea (Ordnung Dendrochirota). 3. Tein. Die. Gattungen Stereoderma, Staurothyone und Trachythyone. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, Kosswig-Festschrift, 159 - 174, 10 text-figs." type="book" year="1964">Panning (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
himself suspected this and thought that the genus was perhaps mono-typed by its
|
||
<typeStatus id="7D1A881199155E28BF16F90DFC4DF951" box="[889,937,1735,1759]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28B87BF90CFF3CF88D" authority="(Stimpson, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Stimpson" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Stereoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="unisemita">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28B87BF90CFAFDF950" box="[1044,1305,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Stereoderma unisemita</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6304B4299155E28B945F90CFF34F88D" author="Stimpson, W." pageId="10" pageNumber="67" pagination="8 - 9" refId="ref15933" refString="Stimpson, W. (1851) Some description of Holothuroids, proceeding of Boston Society of Natural History, 4, 8 - 9." type="journal article" year="1851">Stimpson, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and only a couple more species could be referred to it. Since then many of the species originally contained in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28BCF8F8C4FEC0F8A9" box="[151,292,1806,1831]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Stereoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BCF8F8C4FEC0F8A9" box="[151,292,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Stereoderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were transferred to other genera by various workers. Within the existing species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28B88BF8C4FA95F8A9" box="[1252,1393,1806,1831]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Stereoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28B88BF8C4FA95F8A9" box="[1252,1393,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Stereoderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the current specimen appears to be closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28BEF3F8F8FB83F8C5" authority="(Heding, 1935)" baseAuthorityName="Heding" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[668,1127,1842,1867]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Stereoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="congoana">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BEF3F8F8FC42F8C5" box="[668,934,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Stereoderma congoana</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6304B4299155E28BFD3F8F8FBBAF8C5" author="Heding, S. G." box="[956,1118,1842,1867]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref14682" refString="Heding, S. G. (1935) Holothurioidea. Part I. Apoda-Molpadioidea-Gephyrothurioidea. Rep. Danish Ingolf-Expedition. 4 (9), 1 - 84, 8 pls., 21 figs., 3 charts." type="book chapter" year="1935">Heding, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28B8C3F8F8FE9AF8E1" authority="(Cherbonnier, 1950)" baseAuthorityName="Cherbonnier" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Stereoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="monodi">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28B8C3F8F8FA78F8C5" box="[1196,1436,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Stereoderma monodi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6304B4299155E28BCF1F89CFE91F8E1" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[158,373,1878,1903]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" pagination="375 - 377" refId="ref14193" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1950) Une nouvelle holothurie dendrochirote des cotes du Cameroun: Cladodactyla monodi n. sp. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris 2 e serie, 22 (3), 375 - 377." type="journal article" year="1950">Cherbonnier, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
both West African species but with larger knobs to the plates. The ossicles of the current specimen come very close to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28BE52F8B1FBFFF81D" authority="Koehler & Vaney, 1908" authorityName="Koehler & Vaney" authorityYear="1908" box="[573,1051,1914,1939]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="inflexa">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BE52F8B1FCEAF81D" box="[573,782,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Cucumaria inflexa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6304B4299155E28BF7BF8B0FBFFF81D" author="Koehler, R. & Vaney, C." box="[788,1051,1914,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref14794" refString="Koehler, R. & Vaney, C. (1908) Holothuries recueillies par l'Investigator dans l'Ocean Indien. II Les Holothuries littorales. Echinoderma of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 54. Available from: http: // guammarinelab. org / peetcukes / spppublications / Koehler % 20 % 26 % 20 Vaney % 201908. pdf (Accessed 14 Dec. 2018)" type="book chapter" year="1908">Koehler & Vaney, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Bay of Bengal, at
|
||
<specimenCount id="B4A7FD3A99155E28B920F8B1FA78F81C" box="[1359,1436,1915,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="65599B5699155E28B920F8B1FA7CF81C" box="[1359,1432,1915,1939]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="170.0">170 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
However, this latter species was transferred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099155E28BECEF854FCDCF839" box="[673,824,1950,1975]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Vaneyellidae" genus="Mitsukuriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199155E28BECEF854FCDCF839" box="[673,824,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Mitsukuriella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6304B4299155E28BF0DF854FB7CF839" author="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A." box="[866,1176,1950,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" pagination="7 - 209" refId="ref14755" refString="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae. Eine Bearbeitung der polytentaculaten dendrochiroten Holothurien des zoologischen Museums in Kopenhagen. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 7 - 209." type="journal article" year="1954">Heding and Panning (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on the assumption that the calcareous ring, as illustrated by Koehler & Vaney, indicates the presence of 15 and not 10 tentacles as described. The current specimen, however, has clearly 10 tentacles, scattered tube-feet, a calcareous ring of a different form and is hence different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099145E29BE1EFF77FD3AFF5B" authorityName="Koehler & Vaney" authorityYear="1908" box="[625,734,188,213]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="inflexa">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199145E29BE1EFF77FD3AFF5B" box="[625,734,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">C. inflexa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is clear that further specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099145E29B815FF77FB03FF5B" authorityName="Koehler & Vaney" authorityYear="1908" box="[1146,1255,188,213]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="inflexa">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199145E29B815FF77FB03FF5B" box="[1146,1255,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">C. inflexa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would do much to clarify issues concerning this species tentacle number and form of the calcareous ring.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6304B4299145E29B8EAFF15FA78FF76" author="Koehler, R. & Vaney, C." box="[1157,1436,223,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref14794" refString="Koehler, R. & Vaney, C. (1908) Holothuries recueillies par l'Investigator dans l'Ocean Indien. II Les Holothuries littorales. Echinoderma of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 54. Available from: http: // guammarinelab. org / peetcukes / spppublications / Koehler % 20 % 26 % 20 Vaney % 201908. pdf (Accessed 14 Dec. 2018)" type="book chapter" year="1908">Koehler & Vaney (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrated rods from the body wall in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A14D3099145E29BE2EFECFFD4BFE93" authorityName="Koehler & Vaney" authorityYear="1908" box="[577,687,260,285]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="inflexa">
|
||
<emphasis id="90D5EAA199145E29BE2EFECFFD4BFE93" box="[577,687,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">C. inflexa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but these may have come from the tube feet. However, they are of a different form than those which characterise the current material which, in addition, has smooth to knobbed plates in the body wall. The writer is of the opinion that the mature specimen at hand definitely represents a new species because of its scarcely branched tentacles, respiratory trees as simple, unbranched tubes, two Polian vesicles and very characteristic body wall and tube feet ossicles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |