treatments-xml/data/FA/44/87/FA4487DDFFABA40DFF540C8AFD4FFCBA.xml

<document id="B6BA3B7675BFFB4E32ADCFEA8F7950A2" ID-CLB-Dataset="26109" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4651.1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2d6af44e-8441-4523-a504-205617b13f43" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3359134" ID-ZooBank="3C4B2F10-DD27-44FD-AB41-CA41FC8ECEE6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1564770553903" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hashemi, Kobra &amp; Karegar, Akbar" docDate="2019" docId="FA4487DDFFABA40DFF540C8AFD4FFCBA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4651.1.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4651 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ditylenchus paraparvus Hashemi &amp; Karegar 2019, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="067DFFA5FFA9A408FFC30C13FF81FFE5" masterDocTitle="Description of Ditylenchus paraparvus n. sp. from Iran with an updated list of Ditylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (Nematoda: Anguinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="113" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="87" updateTime="1698748606638" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8BC93766E6A0DA362048A9E6B3E9CAB2">Description of Ditylenchus paraparvus n. sp. from Iran with an updated list of Ditylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (Nematoda: Anguinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FC484749048F021FFE8B74EC15FA8C6A">Hashemi, Kobra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2B1607B9261794791DDF4EE31C7B7115">Karegar, Akbar</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="725236CBFFABA40AFF540C8AFD83FF51" blockId="2.[151,514,153,215]" box="[151,514,153,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<heading id="291A81A7FFABA40AFF540C8AFD83FF51" bold="true" box="[151,514,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFABA40AFF540C8AFD83FF51" bold="true" box="[151,514,153,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFABA40AFF540C8AFE38FF51" authority="Hashemi &amp; Karegar, 2019" authorityName="Hashemi &amp; Karegar" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,441,153,180]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paraparvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFABA40AFF540C8AFE38FF51" bold="true" box="[151,441,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Ditylenchus paraparvus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BAA57A2FFABA40AFE030C89FD83FF51" box="[448,514,154,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="3AF76540FFABA40AFF540CAEFEC4FF32" box="[151,325,189,215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="description">
<paragraph id="725236CBFFABA40AFF540CAEFEC4FF32" blockId="2.[151,514,153,215]" box="[151,325,189,215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
(
<figureCitation id="EAD62A4EFFABA40AFF5C0CAEFE8BFF32" box="[159,266,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1926,1951]" captionTargetBox="[156,1434,158,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,151,1907]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ditylenchus paraparvus n. sp. C–H, J &amp; K: Female. A, B, I, L &amp; M: Male. A &amp; F: General shape; B–D: Head &amp; stylet; E: Pharynx; G: Post-vulval uterine sac; H &amp; I: Basal pharyngeal bulb; J: Lateral fields; K &amp; L: Tail; M: Spicules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3359136/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Figures 1</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="EAD62A4EFFABA40AFEEE0CAEFEBDFF32" box="[301,316,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1882,1907]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,273,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,273,1863]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ditylenchus paraparvus n. sp. A–G &amp; I: Female. H: Male.A &amp; B: Head &amp; stylet; C: Lateral fields; D: Median bulb; E &amp; F: Basal pharyngeal bulb; G: Post-vulval uterine sac; H: Spicules; I: Tail (Scale bars = 10 µm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3359138/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3AF76540FFABA40DFF540D15FD4FFCBA" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="725236CBFFABA40AFF540D15FE1DFEFA" blockId="2.[151,1437,261,828]" box="[151,412,261,288]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFABA40AFF540D15FEBBFEC5" bold="true" box="[151,314,262,288]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Measurments</emphasis>
: table 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725236CBFFABA40AFF040D39FC9CFCD9" blockId="2.[151,1437,261,828]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFABA40AFF040D39FE9FFEA1" bold="true" box="[199,286,298,324]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Female</emphasis>
: body short, slightly ventrally arcuate when relaxed. Cuticular annulation distinct, 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFB750D3AFA8DFEA1" box="[1206,1292,297,324]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 µm</quantity>
wide; lateral fields with four incisures, 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFE7C0D5EFD97FE8D" box="[447,534,333,360]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2–6 µm</quantity>
wide, occupying 18.3–40.7% of body width. Head low, 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFB560D5EFA80FE8D" box="[1173,1281,333,360]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 µm</quantity>
high and 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFAB10D5EFF3CFE69" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 µm</quantity>
wide, not offset, with two or three fine annuli. Cephalic skeleton weak, outer margins of basal plates extended two annuli inside body. Stylet delicate, conus 34.3–47.7% of stylet length, knobs small and rounded or sloping backwards, 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFEDE0DAAFE0BFE31" box="[285,394,441,468]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 µm</quantity>
wide, sometimes asymmetrical. DGO 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFCFD0DAAFC2BFE31" box="[830,938,441,468]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 µm</quantity>
posterior to stylet knobs. Median bulb oval, 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFF540DCEFE83FE1D" box="[151,258,477,504]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.0">4–5.5 µm</quantity>
wide, muscular, with thickening of lumen wall about 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFC900DCEFC3FFE1D" box="[851,958,477,504]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 µm</quantity>
long. Isthmus cylindrical and more slender than procorpus. Nerve ring surrounding isthmus in anterior half to almost its middle, 58.4 (54–62) µm from anterior end. S-E pore located from posterior half of isthmus to anterior half of basal pharyngeal bulb. Hemizonid about two cuticular annuli long, 71.9 (66–74.5) µm from the anterior end, immediately or one annulus anterior to the S-E pore. Deirids at level of S-E pore. Basal pharyngeal bulb pyriform and offset from intestine, the ratio of its length to width is 2.5 (2.1–4.0), with the two most anterior intestinal cells appearing hyaline. Ovary outstretched, oocytes in single row, spermatheca elongate and filled with rounded sperms, uterus quadricolumellar, vagina 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFB2C0EA6FAEDFD35" box="[1263,1388,693,720]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5-6.5 µm</quantity>
and 34.1–51.6% of 
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. PUS 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFABA40AFE0B0ECAFDADFD11" box="[456,556,729,756]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 µm</quantity>
long, 0.6 (0.4–0.8) times 
<collectionCode id="14FCAE0EFFABA40AFC880EC9FC0DFD11" box="[843,908,730,756]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">VBW</collectionCode>
or 14.2 (7.0–20.2) % V-A distance. Post-vulval body length 14.5 (11.9–16.6) times ABW. Tail almost cylindrical and sometimes tapering gradually from anus, with rounded terminus, only one specimen with small mucron.
</paragraph>
<caption id="26926643FFABA40AFF540F78FCD3FC4D" ID-Table-UUID="26926643FFABA40AFF540F78FCD3FC4D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/26926643FFABA40AFF540F78FCD3FC4D" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" targetBox="[159,1335,947,2031]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
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<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFABA40AFF540F78FE8BFC66" bold="true" box="[151,266,875,899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric data of 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFABA40AFDC20F78FC83FC66" authority="Hashemi &amp; Karegar, 2019" authorityName="Hashemi &amp; Karegar" authorityYear="2019" box="[513,770,875,899]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paraparvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFABA40AFDC20F78FC83FC66" box="[513,770,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Ditylenchus paraparvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFABA40AFCCB0F78FCC5FC66" bold="true" box="[776,836,875,899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BAA57A2FFABA40AFCCB0F78FCC5FC66" box="[776,836,875,899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from Iran. All data for female and male paratypes are in the form of mean ± s.d. (range), and the measurements are in μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="725236CBFFABA40AFF5C0FA0FA91F80A" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
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<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0FA0FD9CFC29" box="[159,541,947,972]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Character\Population</th>
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0FA0FD5DFC29" box="[638,732,947,972]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFABA40AFDBD0FA7FD4CFC29" bold="true" box="[638,717,948,972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Female</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900FA0FAB6FC29" box="[1107,1335,947,972]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFABA40AFB900FA7FB0BFC29" bold="true" box="[1107,1162,948,972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Male</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0FCAFAB6FC17" box="[159,1335,985,1010]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0FCAFD5DFC17" box="[638,732,985,1010]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Holotype</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0FCAFC7AFC17" box="[792,1019,985,1010]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Paratypes</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900FCAFAB6FC17" box="[1107,1335,985,1010]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Paratypes</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0813FAB6FBFD" box="[159,1335,1024,1048]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0813FD9CFBFD" box="[159,541,1024,1048]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">n</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0813FD5DFBFD" box="[638,732,1024,1048]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">1</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0813FC7AFBFD" box="[792,1019,1024,1048]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">8</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900813FAB6FBFD" box="[1107,1335,1024,1048]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0836FAB6FBDB" box="[159,1335,1061,1086]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0836FD9CFBDB" box="[159,541,1061,1086]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">L</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0836FD5DFBDB" box="[638,732,1061,1086]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">543</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0836FC7AFBDB" box="[792,1019,1061,1086]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">484 ± 20 (441–508)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900836FAB6FBDB" box="[1107,1335,1061,1086]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">463 ± 21 (431–492)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0858FAB6FB81" box="[159,1335,1099,1124]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0858FD9CFB81" box="[159,541,1099,1124]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">L′</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0858FD5DFB81" box="[638,732,1099,1124]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">455</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0858FC7AFB81" box="[792,1019,1099,1124]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">403 ± 16 (370–423)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900858FAB6FB81" box="[1107,1335,1099,1124]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">413 ± 19 (384–437)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0863FAB6FB6C" box="[159,1335,1136,1161]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0863FD9CFB6C" box="[159,541,1136,1161]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">a</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0863FD5DFB6C" box="[638,732,1136,1161]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">39.9</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0863FC7AFB6C" box="[792,1019,1136,1161]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">36.3 ± 3.0 (31.9–40.6)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900863FAB6FB6C" box="[1107,1335,1136,1161]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">42.3 ± 3.6 (39.1–47.9)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0885FAB6FB4A" box="[159,1335,1174,1199]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0885FD9CFB4A" box="[159,541,1174,1199]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">b</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0885FD5DFB4A" box="[638,732,1174,1199]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">5.8</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0885FC7AFB4A" box="[792,1019,1174,1199]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">5.5 ± 0.3 (5.1–6.0)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900885FAB6FB4A" box="[1107,1335,1174,1199]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">5.1 ± 0.5 (4.6–6.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C08AFFAB6FB30" box="[159,1335,1212,1237]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C08AFFD9CFB30" box="[159,541,1212,1237]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">c</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD08AFFD5DFB30" box="[638,732,1212,1237]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">6.2</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB08AFFC7AFB30" box="[792,1019,1212,1237]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">6.0 ± 0.3 (5.4–6.2)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB9008AFFAB6FB30" box="[1107,1335,1212,1237]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">9.3 ± 0.3 (8.7–9.6)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C08F1FAB6FB1E" box="[159,1335,1250,1275]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C08F1FD9CFB1E" box="[159,541,1250,1275]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">c′</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD08F1FD5DFB1E" box="[638,732,1250,1275]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">9.4</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB08F1FC7AFB1E" box="[792,1019,1250,1275]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">8.4 ± 0.4 (7.6–8.8)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB9008F1FAB6FB1E" box="[1107,1335,1250,1275]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">5.7 ± 0.1 (5.5–6.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C091BFAB6FAC4" box="[159,1335,1288,1313]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C091BFD9CFAC4" box="[159,541,1288,1313]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">V</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD091BFD5DFAC4" box="[638,732,1288,1313]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">70.6</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB091BFC7AFAC4" box="[792,1019,1288,1313]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">71.7 ± 2.7 (67.7–76.4)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB90091BFAB6FAC4" box="[1107,1335,1288,1313]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C093EFAB6FAA3" box="[159,1335,1325,1350]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C093EFD9CFAA3" box="[159,541,1325,1350]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">V′</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD093EFD5DFAA3" box="[638,732,1325,1350]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">84.3</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB093EFC7AFAA3" box="[792,1019,1325,1350]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">86.2 ± 3.5 (81.0–91.3)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB90093EFAB6FAA3" box="[1107,1335,1325,1350]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0940FAB6FA89" box="[159,1335,1363,1388]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0940FD9CFA89" box="[159,541,1363,1388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Stylet</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0940FD5DFA89" box="[638,732,1363,1388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">7</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0940FC7AFA89" box="[792,1019,1363,1388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">6.8 ± 0.4 (6–7.5)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900940FAB6FA89" box="[1107,1335,1363,1388]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">6.2 ± 0.5 (6–7)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C096AFAB6FA77" box="[159,1335,1401,1426]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C096AFD9CFA77" box="[159,541,1401,1426]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Pharynx</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD096AFD5DFA77" box="[638,732,1401,1426]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">93</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB096AFC7AFA77" box="[792,1019,1401,1426]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">88.8 ± 3.5 (84–94)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB90096AFAB6FA77" box="[1107,1335,1401,1426]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">92.1 ± 9.0 (76.5–106)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C098CFAB6FA5D" box="[159,1335,1439,1464]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C098CFD9CFA5D" box="[159,541,1439,1464]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Anterior end to center of median bulb</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD098CFD5DFA5D" box="[638,732,1439,1464]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">36</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB098CFC7AFA5D" box="[792,1019,1439,1464]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">37.0 ± 2.1 (34–39)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB90098CFAB6FA5D" box="[1107,1335,1439,1464]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">42.0 ± 1.9 (39–45)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C09D6FAB6FA3B" box="[159,1335,1477,1502]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C09D6FD9CFA3B" box="[159,541,1477,1502]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">MB</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD09D6FD5DFA3B" box="[638,732,1477,1502]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">38.6</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB09D6FC7AFA3B" box="[792,1019,1477,1502]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">41.6 ± 2.0 (39.4–45.3)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB9009D6FAB6FA3B" box="[1107,1335,1477,1502]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">45.9 ± 4.2 (40.6–54.4)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C09F9FAB6F9E6" box="[159,1335,1514,1539]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C09F9FD9CF9E6" box="[159,541,1514,1539]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Basal pharyngeal bulb length</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD09F9FD5DF9E6" box="[638,732,1514,1539]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">16</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB09F9FC7AF9E6" box="[792,1019,1514,1539]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">17.4 ± 3.0 (13.5–23)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB9009F9FAB6F9E6" box="[1107,1335,1514,1539]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">14.9 ± 1.5 (13–17)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0A03FAB6F9CC" box="[159,1335,1552,1577]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0A03FD9CF9CC" box="[159,541,1552,1577]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Basal pharyngeal bulb width</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0A03FD5DF9CC" box="[638,732,1552,1577]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">7</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0A03FC7AF9CC" box="[792,1019,1552,1577]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">6.8 ± 0.7 (6–8)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900A03FAB6F9CC" box="[1107,1335,1552,1577]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">6.6 ± 0.3 (6–7)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0A25FAB6F9AA" box="[159,1335,1590,1615]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0A25FD9CF9AA" box="[159,541,1590,1615]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">S-E pore</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0A25FD5DF9AA" box="[638,732,1590,1615]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">76</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0A25FC7AF9AA" box="[792,1019,1590,1615]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">73.3 ± 2.8 (67–76)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900A25FAB6F9AA" box="[1107,1335,1590,1615]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">74.1 ± 2.2 (71–77.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0A4FFAB6F990" box="[159,1335,1628,1653]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0A4FFD9CF990" box="[159,541,1628,1653]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Deirid</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0A4FFD5DF990" box="[638,732,1628,1653]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">85.5</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0A4FFC7AF990" box="[792,1019,1628,1653]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">75.7 ± 3.3 (72–81.5)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900A4FFAB6F990" box="[1107,1335,1628,1653]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">76.0 ± 3.2 (72.5–79)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0A91FAB6F97E" box="[159,1335,1666,1691]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0A91FD9CF97E" box="[159,541,1666,1691]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Anterior end to vulva</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0A91FD5DF97E" box="[638,732,1666,1691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">383</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0A91FC7AF97E" box="[792,1019,1666,1691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">347 ± 17 (315–367)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900A91FAB6F97E" box="[1107,1335,1666,1691]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0AB4FAB6F925" box="[159,1335,1703,1728]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0AB4FD9CF925" box="[159,541,1703,1728]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">V-A</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0AB4FD5DF925" box="[638,732,1703,1728]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">63.5</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0AB4FC7AF925" box="[792,1019,1703,1728]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">56.4 ± 11.3 (34–71.5)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900AB4FAB6F925" box="[1107,1335,1703,1728]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0ADEFAB6F903" box="[159,1335,1741,1766]" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0ADEFD9CF903" box="[159,541,1741,1766]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Tail length</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0ADEFD5DF903" box="[638,732,1741,1766]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">88</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0ADEFC7AF903" box="[792,1019,1741,1766]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">81.6 ± 5.6 (71–90)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900ADEFAB6F903" box="[1107,1335,1741,1766]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">50.0 ± 2.9 (47–55)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0AE7FAB6F8E9" box="[159,1335,1780,1804]" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0AE7FD9CF8E9" box="[159,541,1780,1804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">V-A/T</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0AE7FD5DF8E9" box="[638,732,1780,1804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">0.7</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0AE7FC7AF8E9" box="[792,1019,1780,1804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">0.7 ± 0.2 (0.4–0.9)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900AE7FAB6F8E9" box="[1107,1335,1780,1804]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0B0AFAB6F8D7" box="[159,1335,1817,1842]" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0B0AFD9CF8D7" box="[159,541,1817,1842]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">BW</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0B0AFD5DF8D7" box="[638,732,1817,1842]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">13.5</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0B0AFC7AF8D7" box="[792,1019,1817,1842]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">13.4 ± 1.2 (12–15.5)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900B0AFAB6F8D7" box="[1107,1335,1817,1842]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">11.0 ± 1.0 (9.5–12.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0B2DFAB6F8B2" box="[159,1335,1854,1879]" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0B2DFD9CF8B2" box="[159,541,1854,1879]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">VBW</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0B2DFD5DF8B2" box="[638,732,1854,1879]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">12</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0B2DFC7AF8B2" box="[792,1019,1854,1879]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">12.3 ± 0.8 (11–13.5)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900B2DFAB6F8B2" box="[1107,1335,1854,1879]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0B77FAB6F898" box="[159,1335,1892,1917]" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0B77FD9CF898" box="[159,541,1892,1917]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">ABW</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0B77FD5DF898" box="[638,732,1892,1917]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">9.5</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0B77FC7AF898" box="[792,1019,1892,1917]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">9.7 ± 0.5 (9–10.5)</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900B77FAB6F898" box="[1107,1335,1892,1917]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">8.8 ± 0.6 (8–9.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0B99FAB6F846" box="[159,1335,1930,1955]" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0B99FD9CF846" box="[159,541,1930,1955]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Spicules</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0B99FD5DF846" box="[638,732,1930,1955]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0B99FC7AF846" box="[792,1019,1930,1955]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900B99FAB6F846" box="[1107,1335,1930,1955]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">13.6 ± 0.9 (12.5–15)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0BA3FAB6F82C" box="[159,1335,1968,1993]" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0BA3FD9CF82C" box="[159,541,1968,1993]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Bursa/ABW</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0BA3FD5DF82C" box="[638,732,1968,1993]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0BA3FC7AF82C" box="[792,1019,1968,1993]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900BA3FAB6F82C" box="[1107,1335,1968,1993]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">1.9 ± 0.3 (1.6–2.3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CCDD3489FFAB5BF7FF5C0BC5FAB6F80A" box="[159,1335,2006,2031]" gridrow="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<th id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FF5C0BC5FD9CF80A" box="[159,541,2006,2031]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Gubernaculum</th>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FDBD0BC5FD5DF80A" box="[638,732,2006,2031]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FCDB0BC5FC7AF80A" box="[792,1019,2006,2031]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">-</td>
<td id="8F0C5DF5FFAB5BF7FB900BC5FAB6F80A" box="[1107,1335,2006,2031]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">4.3 ± 0.7 (3.5–5.5)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="26926643FFAAA40BFF540B95FAD7F826" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3359136/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" startId="3.[151,250,1926,1951]" targetBox="[156,1434,158,1907]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="725236CBFFAAA40BFF540B95FAD7F826" blockId="3.[151,1436,1926,1987]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFAAA40BFF540B95FE95F87A" bold="true" box="[151,276,1926,1951]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFAAA40BFED80B94FD91F87A" authority="Hashemi &amp; Karegar, 2019" authorityName="Hashemi &amp; Karegar" authorityYear="2019" box="[283,528,1927,1951]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paraparvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFAAA40BFED80B94FD91F87A" box="[283,528,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Ditylenchus paraparvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFAAA40BFDD40B94FDD0F87A" bold="true" box="[535,593,1927,1951]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BAA57A2FFAAA40BFDD40B94FDD0F87A" box="[535,593,1927,1951]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
C–H, J &amp; K: Female. A, B, I, L &amp; M: Male. A &amp; F: General shape; B–D: Head &amp; stylet; E: Pharynx; G: Post-vulval uterine sac; H &amp; I: Basal pharyngeal bulb; J: Lateral fields; K &amp; L: Tail; M: Spicules.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="725236CBFFADA40CFF040C8AFA18FF1E" blockId="4.[151,1436,153,251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFADA40CFF040C8AFE85FF56" bold="true" box="[199,260,153,179]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Male</emphasis>
: Similar to female in general body characteristics, but slightly narrower and in one specimen with a short basal pharyngeal bulb overlap over the intestine (about 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFADA40CFCD70CAEFCD4FF32" box="[788,853,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
). Spicules slightly ventrally arcuate, gubernaculum simple and crescent-shaped. Bursa with crenate margin, 
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFADA40CFCCC0CF2FC03FF1E" box="[783,898,225,251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="13.0">13–22 µm</quantity>
long and enveloping 27.4–40.1% of tail length.
</paragraph>
<caption id="26926643FFADA40CFF540B49FB09F872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3359138/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" startId="4.[151,250,1882,1907]" targetBox="[151,1436,273,1863]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="725236CBFFADA40CFF540B49FB09F872" blockId="4.[151,1436,1882,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFADA40CFF540B49FE93F896" bold="true" box="[151,274,1882,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFADA40CFED40B48FD8AF896" authority="Hashemi &amp; Karegar, 2019" authorityName="Hashemi &amp; Karegar" authorityYear="2019" box="[279,523,1883,1907]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paraparvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFADA40CFED40B48FD8AF896" box="[279,523,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Ditylenchus paraparvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFADA40CFDD30B48FDC9F896" bold="true" box="[528,584,1883,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BAA57A2FFADA40CFDD30B48FDC9F896" box="[528,584,1883,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A–G &amp; I: Female. H: Male. A &amp; B: Head &amp; stylet; C: Lateral fields; D: Median bulb; E &amp; F: Basal pharyngeal bulb; G: Post-vulval uterine sac; H: Spicules; I: Tail (Scale bars = 10 µm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="725236CBFFACA40DFF040C8BFEBDFF32" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFF040C8BFE28FF56" bold="true" box="[199,425,152,179]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Habitat &amp; locality.</emphasis>
This population was found in soil around vegetable roots, in a suburb of Kezerun, 
<collectingRegion id="B029F829FFACA40DFAAF0C8AFF7DFF32" country="Iran" name="Fars" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Fars province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="0AFA765BFFACA40DFEC40CAEFEB9FF32" box="[263,312,189,215]" name="Iran" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725236CBFFACA40DFF040CF2FDC9FE82" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<materialsCitation id="C2853C96FFACA40DFF040CF2FDC9FE82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417947059" country="Iran" location="Department of Plant Protection" municipality="School of Agriculture" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFF040CF2FEF7FF1E" bold="true" box="[199,374,224,251]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Type material.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="AD568869FFACA40DFEBD0CF2FE67FF1E" box="[382,486,225,251]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="64EBFD42FFACA40DFE2D0CF2FDBCFF1E" box="[494,573,225,251]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="female">female</specimenCount>
, five paratype 
<specimenCount id="64EBFD42FFACA40DFD270CF2FCBAFF1E" box="[740,827,225,251]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="female">females</specimenCount>
and four paratype 
<specimenCount id="64EBFD42FFACA40DFBD10CF2FBD2FF1E" box="[1042,1107,225,251]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="male">males</specimenCount>
kept in the nematode collection of the 
<location id="77326010FFACA40DFED50D16FDFBFEFA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4487DDFFABA40DFF540C8AFD4FFCBA:77326010FFACA40DFED50D16FDFBFEFA" box="[278,634,261,287]" country="Iran" municipality="School of Agriculture" name="Department of Plant Protection" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Department of Plant Protection</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="9236ACB1FFACA40DFD440D16FC01FEFA" box="[647,896,261,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">School of Agriculture</collectingMunicipality>
, Shiraz University, 
<collectingCountry id="0AFA765BFFACA40DFBA30D16FB11FEFA" box="[1120,1168,261,287]" name="Iran" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Iran</collectingCountry>
, and three 
<specimenCount id="64EBFD42FFACA40DFACD0D16FADBFEFA" box="[1294,1370,261,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="female">female</specimenCount>
paratypes and three paratype 
<specimenCount id="64EBFD42FFACA40DFE760D3AFE77FEA6" box="[437,502,297,323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="male">males</specimenCount>
on two slides deposited in the 
<location id="77326010FFACA40DFC990D3AFF62FE82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4487DDFFABA40DFF540C8AFD4FFCBA:77326010FFACA40DFC990D3AFF62FE82" country="Iran" municipality="School of Agriculture" name="Nematode Collection of the Plantenziektenkundige Dienst" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Nematode Collection of the Plantenziektenkundige Dienst</location>
, 
<location id="77326010FFACA40DFF2D0D5EFEFDFE82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4487DDFFABA40DFF540C8AFD4FFCBA:77326010FFACA40DFF2D0D5EFEFDFE82" box="[238,380,333,359]" country="Iran" municipality="School of Agriculture" name="Wageningen" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Wageningen</location>
, 
<location id="77326010FFACA40DFE440D5EFDC5FE82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FA4487DDFFABA40DFF540C8AFD4FFCBA:77326010FFACA40DFE440D5EFDC5FE82" box="[391,580,333,359]" country="Iran" municipality="School of Agriculture" name="The Netherlands" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">The Netherlands</location>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725236CBFFACA40DFF040D63FF5CFCF2" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFF040D63FD96FE6E" bold="true" box="[199,535,368,395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Diagnosis and relationships.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFDDD0D62FCADFE6E" authority="Hashemi &amp; Karegar, 2019" authorityName="Hashemi &amp; Karegar" authorityYear="2019" box="[542,812,369,395]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paraparvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFDDD0D62FCADFE6E" box="[542,812,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Ditylenchus paraparvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFCF00D62FCF3FE6E" bold="true" box="[819,882,369,395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BAA57A2FFACA40DFCF00D62FCF3FE6E" box="[819,882,369,395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is characterised by a short body length (
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFACA40DFAFA0D63FF41FE4A" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.92" metricValueMax="5.43" metricValueMin="4.41" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="492.0" valueMax="543.0" valueMin="441.0">441–543 µm</quantity>
), four incisures in lateral fields, delicate and short stylet (
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFACA40DFC890D87FC3BFE4A" box="[842,954,404,431]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="6.75" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="6.0">6–7.5 µm</quantity>
) with small rounded or sloping backwards knobs, pyriform and offset basal pharyngeal bulb, 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFD1C0DA9FD71FE36" box="[735,752,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">V</emphasis>
= 67.7–76.4, short PUS (
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFACA40DFBD90DABFB07FE36" box="[1050,1158,440,467]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 µm</quantity>
), less than one 
<collectionCode id="14FCAE0EFFACA40DFAFF0DAAFAFCFE36" box="[1340,1405,441,467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">VBW</collectionCode>
in length, small spicules (
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFACA40DFE5A0DCFFDA5FE12" box="[409,548,476,503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="13.75" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.5">12.5–15 µm</quantity>
) and almost cylindrical tail (
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFACA40DFCA40DCEFC5CFE12" box="[871,989,477,503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="80.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="71.0">71–90 µm</quantity>
) with rounded terminus. 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFB3A0DCDFA1DFE12" authority="Hashemi &amp; Karegar, 2019" authorityName="Hashemi &amp; Karegar" authorityYear="2019" box="[1273,1436,478,503]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paraparvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFB3A0DCDFA1DFE12" box="[1273,1436,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. paraparvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFF540E12FF54FDFE" bold="true" box="[151,213,513,539]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BAA57A2FFACA40DFF540E12FF54FDFE" box="[151,213,513,539]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFE910E11FED7FDDA" authority="Oliveira, Santin, Seni, Dietrich, Salazar, Subbotin, Mundo-Ocampo, Goldenberg &amp; Barreto, 2013" authorityName="Oliveira, Santin, Seni, Dietrich, Salazar, Subbotin, Mundo-Ocampo, Goldenberg &amp; Barreto" authorityYear="2013" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="gallaeformans">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFE910E11FD94FDFE" box="[338,533,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. gallaeformans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="167C4B3AFFACA40DFDD80E12FED7FDDA" author="Oliveira, R. D. &amp; Santin, A. M. &amp; Seni, D. J. &amp; Dietrich, A. &amp; Salazar, L. A. &amp; Subbotin, S. A. &amp; Mundo-Ocampo, M. &amp; Goldenberg, R. &amp; Barreto, R. W." pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="179 - 196" refId="ref28122" refString="Oliveira, R. D., Santin, A. M., Seni, D. J., Dietrich, A., Salazar, L. A., Subbotin, S. A., Mundo-Ocampo, M., Goldenberg, R. &amp; Barreto, R. W. (2013) Ditylenchus gallaeformans n. sp. (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) - a neotropical nematode with biocontrol potential against weedy Melastomataceae. Nematology, 15, 179 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685411 - 00002670" type="journal article" year="2013">Oliveira, Santin, Seni, Dietrich, Salazar, Subbotin, Mundo-Ocampo, Goldenberg &amp; Barreto, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFEA00E35FC4DFDDA" authority="(Kazachenko, 1975) Brzeski, 1984" authorityName="Brzeski" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Kazachenko" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[355,972,548,575]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="longimatricalis">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFEA00E35FDB2FDDA" box="[355,563,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. longimatricalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="167C4B3AFFACA40DFD870E36FC98FDDA" author="Kazachenko, I. P." box="[580,793,548,575]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="178 - 186" refId="ref27156" refString="Kazachenko, I. P. (1975) Novye vidy nematod semejstva Tylenchidae Orley, 1880, iz podstilki elovykh lesov. Trudy biologicheskogopochvennogo Instituta Vladivostok, 26, 178 - 186." type="journal article" year="1975">Kazachenko, 1975</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="167C4B3AFFACA40DFCE80E36FC4DFDDA" author="Brzeski, M. W." box="[811,972,549,575]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="380 - 389" refId="ref25293" refString="Brzeski, M. W. (1984) Three new species of Ditylenchus Filipjev, 1936, and comments on Basiroides longimatricalis Kazachenko, 1975 (Nematoda: Anguinidae). Nematologica, 29, 380 - 389. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529283 X 00267" type="journal article" year="1984">Brzeski, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFC1A0E35FB4DFDDA" authority="Zell, 1988" authorityName="Zell" authorityYear="1988" box="[985,1228,549,575]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFC1A0E35FBCBFDDA" box="[985,1098,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. parvus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="167C4B3AFFACA40DFB900E36FB4DFDDA" author="Zell, H." box="[1107,1228,549,575]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="99 - 114" refId="ref30170" refString="Zell, H. (1988) Nematodes eines Buchenwaldbodens 11. Die Anguiniden (Nematoda, Anguinoidea). Carolinea, 46, 99 - 114." type="journal article" year="1988">Zell, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFAC80E35FEB7FD86" authority="Brzeski, 1991" authorityName="Brzeski" authorityYear="1991" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="terricolus">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFAC80E35FA1DFDDA" box="[1291,1436,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. terricolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="167C4B3AFFACA40DFF540E5AFEB7FD86" author="Brzeski, M. W." box="[151,310,585,611]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="9 - 59" refId="ref25345" refString="Brzeski, M. W. (1991) Review of the genus Ditylenchus Filipjev, 1936 (Nematoda: Anguinidae). Revue de Nematologie, 14, 9 - 59." type="journal article" year="1991">Brzeski, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. It differs from all of these species by shorter PUS and smaller PUS/ 
<collectionCode id="14FCAE0EFFACA40DFBF60E5AFBF7FD86" box="[1077,1142,585,611]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">VBW</collectionCode>
ratio (0.4–0.8 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFADF0E59FABBFD86" box="[1308,1338,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">vs.</emphasis>
1.4–1.8, 1.8–5.1, 1.8–4.3 and 2.1–3.2, respectively). In addition, 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFCC80E7DFC4EFD62" authorityName="Oliveira, Santin, Seni, Dietrich, Salazar, Subbotin, Mundo-Ocampo, Goldenberg &amp; Barreto" authorityYear="2013" box="[779,975,621,647]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="gallaeformans">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFCC80E7DFC4EFD62" box="[779,975,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. gallaeformans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has longer spicules (16.5–26 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFADF0E7DFABAFD62" box="[1308,1339,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">vs.</emphasis>
<quantity id="B5159B2EFFACA40DFA820E7FFF41FD4E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" unit="mm" value="13.75" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.5">12.5–15 µm</quantity>
), bursa reaching the tail tip (
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFDCB0E81FDA7FD4E" box="[520,550,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">vs.</emphasis>
covering 27.6–40.1 % of tail in 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFC5A0E81FBBCFD4E" authority="Hashemi &amp; Karegar, 2019" authorityName="Hashemi &amp; Karegar" authorityYear="2019" box="[921,1085,658,683]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="paraparvus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFC5A0E81FBBCFD4E" box="[921,1085,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. paraparvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFB850E82FB04FD4E" bold="true" box="[1094,1157,657,683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5BAA57A2FFACA40DFB850E82FB04FD4E" box="[1094,1157,657,683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
) and has a more conical tail with pointed to minutely rounded tip (
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFDBD0EA5FD14FD2A" box="[638,661,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">vs</emphasis>
. almost cylindrical with rounded tip); 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFB900EA5FB45FD2A" authorityName="Zell" authorityYear="1988" box="[1107,1220,694,719]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFB900EA5FB45FD2A" box="[1107,1220,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. parvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has greater 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFA900EA5FADEFD2A" box="[1363,1375,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">c</emphasis>
ratio (8.6–15.0 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFEC90EC9FEA8FD16" box="[266,297,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">vs.</emphasis>
5.4–6.2); while 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFE200EC9FDF2FD16" authorityName="Brzeski" authorityYear="1991" box="[483,627,729,755]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="terricolus">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFE200EC9FDF2FD16" box="[483,627,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. terricolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has greater 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFD3E0EC9FC88FD16" box="[765,777,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">c</emphasis>
(9.1–12.1 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFC470EC9FC22FD16" box="[900,931,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">vs.</emphasis>
5.4–6.2) and smaller 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFB590ECBFB2CFD16" box="[1178,1197,728,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">c′</emphasis>
(4.5–7.1 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFADA0EC9FAB6FD16" box="[1305,1335,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">vs.</emphasis>
7.6–9.4) ratios.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="725236CBFFACA40DFF040F32FD4FFCBA" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,863]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFF040F32FECFFCDE" bold="true" box="[199,334,801,827]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet is derived from the Greek ‘ 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFCB30F31FC24FCDE" box="[880,933,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">para</emphasis>
’, which means beside, near, and ‘ 
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFAE40F32FAFCFCDE" box="[1319,1405,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">parvus’</emphasis>
. It refers to the similarity of this species to 
<taxonomicName id="B5ED4D48FFACA40DFD9A0F55FD46FCBA" authorityName="Zell" authorityYear="1988" box="[601,711,838,863]" class="Secernentea" family="Anguinidae" genus="Ditylenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="parvus">
<emphasis id="4099EAD9FFACA40DFD9A0F55FD46FCBA" box="[601,711,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D. parvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>