179 lines
23 KiB
XML
179 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="BDBE017674752D647C9D33D688FEA71D" ID-CLB-Dataset="5803" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3581[1:ALCSMF]2.0.CO;2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7a580c4e-4d11-4450-9b7f-3ae717521578" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4712758" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1619136162787" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="APESTEGUÍA, SEBASTIÁN & ROUGIER, GUILLERMO W." docDate="2007" docId="4E594A78540DFFD997D7F9FEFDB4FE2F" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2007.3581.1-11.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 3581 (1)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)3581%5B1%3AALCSMF%5D2.0.CO%3B2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001.3:AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Lamarquesaurus cabazai APESTEGUÍA & ROUGIER 2007" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="B2603200540FFFDD9779FF93FFBBFF94" masterDocTitle="A Late Campanian Sphenodontid Maxilla from Northern Patagonia" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698937485525" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="1323E1D2D8EE4F2ABDE7B57DA332917B">A Late Campanian Sphenodontid Maxilla from Northern Patagonia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="57A1CF8931341C41BB30F5093A0EBAB6">APESTEGUÍA, SEBASTIÁN</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="285DD12C11D25BAAAB2822F159FE8922">ROUGIER, GUILLERMO W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="43CBD3378BC05E1225833907ADA45110">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="72C5D89FBAA83B26C66E29B4DA3E53DB">
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<mods:date id="9F01D3D5866F28F3CEC604DC53F545DB">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="4E594A78540DFFD997D7F9FEFDB4FE2F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5061941" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183237346" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5061941" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4E594A78540DFFD997D7F9FEFDB4FE2F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4E594A78540DFFD997D7F9FEFDB4FE2F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="8EEAA8E5540DFFDF97D7F9FEFE3EF954" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540DFFDF97D7F9FEFDE4F911" blockId="2.[174,607,1645,1669]" box="[174,607,1645,1669]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="9D074C02540DFFDF97D7F9FEFDE4F911" box="[174,607,1645,1669]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="8">
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<taxonomicName id="01F080ED540DFFDF97D7F9FEFE78F911" authorityName="APESTEGUÍA & ROUGIER" authorityYear="2007" box="[174,451,1645,1669]" class="Reptilia" family="Sphenodontidae" genus="Lamarquesaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchocephalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cabazai">
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<emphasis id="F484277C540DFFDF97D7F9FEFE78F911" bold="true" box="[174,451,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Lamarquesaurus cabazai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, n. gen et sp.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540DFFDF97F9F93EFE3EF954" blockId="2.[128,406,1709,1753]" box="[128,389,1709,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Lepidosauria Haeckel, 1866.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8EEAA8E5540DFFDF97F9F955FE2DF94D" box="[128,406,1734,1753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540DFFDF97F9F955FE2DF94D" blockId="2.[128,406,1709,1753]" box="[128,406,1734,1753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="01F080ED540DFFDF97F9F955FE2AF94D" authority="Williston, 1925" authorityName="Williston" authorityYear="1925" box="[128,401,1734,1753]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sphenodontia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Sphenodontia Williston, 1925</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8EEAA8E5540DFFDF95A1FF40FC2FFEF6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540DFFDF95A1FF40FC2FFEF6" blockId="2.[701,1228,211,1754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<typeStatus id="194B45CC540DFFDF95A1FF40FCF1FF7D" box="[728,842,211,235]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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: MML-PV-42. Right maxilla preserving 10 teeth with different degrees of completeness. The fossil material is threedimensional and tooth enamel and wear facets are well preserved.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8EEAA8E5540DFFDF95A1FEFBFC04FB9B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540DFFDF95A1FEFBFB7AFDFA" blockId="2.[701,1228,211,1754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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ETYMOLOGY:
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<emphasis id="F484277C540DFFDF94F9FEFBFC4AFE14" box="[896,1009,360,384]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Lamarque</emphasis>
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after the city of Lamarque in Rio Negro province and its inhabitants, who have strongly supported paleontological exploration of northern Patagonia for decades;
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<emphasis id="F484277C540DFFDF9494FE4CFB8FFE63" box="[1005,1076,479,503]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">saurus</emphasis>
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, Greek for ‘‘reptile’’; and Cabaza, after Tito Cabaza, amateur paleontologist who discovered the Cerro
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<collectingCountry id="BEE7BBFE540DFFDF947FFDABFCD8FDC4" box="[774,867,568,592]" name="Haiti" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Tortuga</collectingCountry>
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locality and called the attention of professional paleontologists to the region.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540DFFDF95A1FDE7FC04FB9B" blockId="2.[701,1228,211,1754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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LOCALITY AND HORIZON: Lower to middle part of Allen Formation, ca.
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<elevation id="4DDD1C5D540DFFDF9350FD01FBEEFD3E" box="[1065,1109,658,682]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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from the base levels of exposures at the ‘‘Cerro Tortuga’’ locality (39
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<emphasis id="F484277C540DFFDF94BAFD5EFC76FD71" bold="true" box="[963,973,717,741]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">°</emphasis>
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26
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<emphasis id="F484277C540DFFDF9491FD5EFC4AFD71" bold="true" box="[1000,1009,717,741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">9</emphasis>
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50
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S
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</geoCoordinate>
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, 67
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<emphasis id="F484277C540DFFDF932EFD5EFBDAFD71" bold="true" box="[1111,1121,717,741]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">°</emphasis>
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19
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<geoCoordinate id="A3C49DA9540DFFDF9305FD5EFB7FFD71" box="[1148,1220,717,741]" degrees="9" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-9.333333">
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<emphasis id="F484277C540DFFDF9305FD5EFB3EFD71" bold="true" box="[1148,1157,717,741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">9</emphasis>
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20
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<emphasis id="F484277C540DFFDF93E6FD5EFB13FD71" bold="true" box="[1183,1192,717,741]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">0</emphasis>
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W
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</geoCoordinate>
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) and ca.
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<quantity id="0108568B540DFFDF9453FD78FCD8FC97" box="[810,867,747,771]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="52.0">
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<elevation id="4DDD1C5D540DFFDF9453FD78FCD8FC97" box="[810,867,747,771]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="52.0">52 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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below the K/T (Cretaceous- Tertiary) boundary, recognized in the overlying Jagüel Formation (Gasparini et al., 2003; Casadío, personal commun.) The fossiliferous layer is
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<quantity id="0108568B540DFFDF9459FCF1FC37FCEE" box="[800,908,866,890]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="cm" value="62.5" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="60.0">60–65 cm</quantity>
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thick and is composed of clean, yellowish to light brown, friable medium sandstone. The layer yields a rich collection of disarticulated fossils with a clear bias to small specimens; fish and snake remains are particularly abundant.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8EEAA8E5540DFFDF95A1FB86FBEFFAC2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540DFFDF95A1FB86FBEFFAC2" blockId="2.[701,1228,211,1754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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DIAGNOSIS: Sphenodontid with the following combination of features: additional teeth separated by wide spaces; strongly concave maxilla; anterolingual flanges and shallow lateral ridges in maxillary teeth; labial border splits in two portions (
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<figureCitation id="5ECBE7EB540DFFDF94B7FB39FBB6FB56" box="[974,1037,1194,1218]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[112,150,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[107,1170,210,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-243@3.[104,1171,210,1058]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. MML-PV-42. Drawings (left) and pictures (right) of the right maxilla in A, lateral view; B, medial view; C, oclusal view. Abbreviations: ap, ascendent process; fwm, false wear marks; jf, jugal facet; mf, maxillary foramen; pf, palatine facet; rar, rugose anterior region; sd, secondary dentine; sdf, secondary dentine fork point; ur, upper ridge; Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4712762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4712762/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">fig. 2</figureCitation>
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, sdf); antorbital region of the labial border deeply furrowed (
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<figureCitation id="5ECBE7EB540DFFDF95BCFB76FCBFFB69" box="[709,772,1253,1277]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[112,150,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[107,1170,210,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-243@3.[104,1171,210,1058]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. MML-PV-42. Drawings (left) and pictures (right) of the right maxilla in A, lateral view; B, medial view; C, oclusal view. Abbreviations: ap, ascendent process; fwm, false wear marks; jf, jugal facet; mf, maxillary foramen; pf, palatine facet; rar, rugose anterior region; sd, secondary dentine; sdf, secondary dentine fork point; ur, upper ridge; Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4712762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4712762/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">fig. 2</figureCitation>
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, rar); and deep concavities in the maxillary dentina over the third and fifth tooth positions (the last three characters are possibly uniquely derived features).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8EEAA8E5540DFFD995A1FACFFDB4FE2F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540DFFDF95A1FACFFB3FF90A" blockId="2.[701,1228,211,1754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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DESCRIPTION: The preserved part of the maxilla of
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<taxonomicName id="01F080ED540DFFDF9441FAE8FC4BFA07" authorityName="Apestegui'a & Rougier" authorityYear="2007" box="[824,1008,1403,1427]" class="Reptilia" family="Sphenodontidae" genus="Lamarquesaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchocephalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F484277C540DFFDF9441FAE8FC4BFA07" box="[824,1008,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Lamarquesaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is
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<quantity id="0108568B540DFFDF9369FAE9FBDBFA06" box="[1040,1120,1402,1426]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 mm</quantity>
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long and about
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<quantity id="0108568B540DFFDF9468FA0BFCDBFA24" box="[785,864,1432,1456]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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tall. The complete length is estimated at
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<quantity id="0108568B540DFFDF942FFA25FC13FA5A" box="[854,936,1462,1486]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
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. The ascending and premaxillary processes are broken. It is evident, however, that the former was wide with respect to the total length of the maxilla (
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<figureCitation id="5ECBE7EB540DFFDF95BCF9BEFCADF9D1" box="[709,790,1581,1605]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[112,150,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[107,1170,210,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-243@3.[104,1171,210,1058]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. MML-PV-42. Drawings (left) and pictures (right) of the right maxilla in A, lateral view; B, medial view; C, oclusal view. Abbreviations: ap, ascendent process; fwm, false wear marks; jf, jugal facet; mf, maxillary foramen; pf, palatine facet; rar, rugose anterior region; sd, secondary dentine; sdf, secondary dentine fork point; ur, upper ridge; Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4712762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4712762/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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) and that the latter was short. The jugal process is tall and not forked. In medial view (
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<figureCitation id="5ECBE7EB540DFFDF947DF9FBFCEFF914" box="[772,852,1640,1664]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[112,150,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[107,1170,210,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-243@3.[104,1171,210,1058]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. MML-PV-42. Drawings (left) and pictures (right) of the right maxilla in A, lateral view; B, medial view; C, oclusal view. Abbreviations: ap, ascendent process; fwm, false wear marks; jf, jugal facet; mf, maxillary foramen; pf, palatine facet; rar, rugose anterior region; sd, secondary dentine; sdf, secondary dentine fork point; ur, upper ridge; Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4712762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4712762/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">fig. 2B</figureCitation>
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), the maxilla is deeply concave, and part of the jugal facet is preserved.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540DFFDE95A1F937FB1FFA89" blockId="2.[701,1228,211,1754]" lastBlockId="3.[662,1188,1255,1754]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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The infraorbital region shows two conspicuous foramina. The first is located right under the end of the ascending process, and the second is under the mid-length of the orbit, probably reflecting the piercing of the cutaneous branches of the maxillary artery and the maxillary branch of the V (trigeminal) cranial nerve (Oelrich, 1956). Part of the maxillary foramen is present in the broken cranial border. The foramen is visible as a small notch, but the section also shows part of the canal. In lateral view, the ventral edge bears a strong, 5-mm-tall border (
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<figureCitation id="5ECBE7EB540CFFDE96EBF983FE6BF9BC" box="[402,464,1552,1576]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[112,150,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[107,1170,210,1057]" captionTargetId="figure-243@3.[104,1171,210,1058]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. MML-PV-42. Drawings (left) and pictures (right) of the right maxilla in A, lateral view; B, medial view; C, oclusal view. Abbreviations: ap, ascendent process; fwm, false wear marks; jf, jugal facet; mf, maxillary foramen; pf, palatine facet; rar, rugose anterior region; sd, secondary dentine; sdf, secondary dentine fork point; ur, upper ridge; Scale bar: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4712762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4712762/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">fig. 2</figureCitation>
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, sd), dorsally limited by a ridge, whose profuse ornamentation suggest muscle attachments. The ridge splits at the level of the beginning of the orbit. One ridge follows the horizontal, slightly upwardly bent original orientation, while the other runs downward to reach the last pre- served tooth, as in the eilenodontine
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01F080ED540CFFDE95EFFA96FB1BFA89" authority="(Apesteguia and Novas, 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Apesteguia and Novas" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[662,1184,1285,1309]" class="Reptilia" family="Sphenodontidae" genus="Priosphenodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchocephalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F484277C540CFFDE95EFFA96FC82FA89" box="[662,825,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Priosphenodon</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A261869F540CFFDE9430FA96FB23FA89" author="Apesteguia, S. & F. E. Novas" box="[841,1176,1285,1309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="609 - 612" refId="ref4284" refString="Apesteguia, S., and F. E. Novas. 2003. Large Cretaceous sphenodontian from Patagonia provides insight into lepidosaur evolution in Gondwana. Nature 425: 609 - 612." type="journal article" year="2003">Apesteguía and Novas, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="928FABE6540CFFDE9709FBD7FD33FB3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4712762" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4712762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4712762/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[112,150,1092,1114]" targetBox="[107,1170,210,1057]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540CFFDE9709FBD7FD33FB3D" blockId="3.[88,1188,1092,1193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Fig. 2. MML-PV-42. Drawings (left) and pictures (right) of the right maxilla in
|
||
<emphasis id="F484277C540CFFDE94DCFBD7FC0DFBCE" bold="true" box="[933,950,1092,1114]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="F484277C540CFFDE933AFBD7FBE8FBCE" bold="true" box="[1091,1107,1092,1114]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
|
||
, medial view;
|
||
<emphasis id="F484277C540CFFDE97EEFBCDFF13FBE0" bold="true" box="[151,168,1118,1140]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C</emphasis>
|
||
, oclusal view. Abbreviations: ap, ascendent process; fwm, false wear marks; jf, jugal facet; mf, maxillary foramen; pf, palatine facet; rar, rugose anterior region; sd, secondary dentine; sdf, secondary dentine fork point; ur, upper ridge; Scale bar: 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540CFFDE95C9FAB0FC17F99E" blockId="3.[662,1188,1255,1754]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Toward the cranial region, on the dentine border and over the positions of the third and fifth additionals, there are deep cavities that resemble the common wear marks that sphenodontids with precision bite have in the lower jaw. However, as this is not possible in a maxilla, they are considered here as cavities with unknown function.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C64FFB6E540CFFD995C9F983FDB4FE2F" blockId="3.[662,1188,1255,1754]" lastBlockId="4.[128,654,211,443]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Additional teeth are conical in shape, with labial vertical ridges and posterolingual flanges, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01F080ED540CFFDE9442F9DFFC0EF915" authority="(Evans and Sigogneau-Russell, 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Evans and Sigogneau-Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1997" class="Reptilia" family="Helicidae" genus="Tingitana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchocephalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annoulae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F484277C540CFFDE9442F9DFFBAEF9F0" box="[827,1045,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tingitana annoulae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A261869F540CFFDE935EF9DFFC16F915" author="Evans, S. E. & D. Sigogneau-Russell" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="45 - 51" refId="ref4707" refString="Evans, S. E., and D. Sigogneau-Russell. 1997. New sphenodontians (Diapsida: Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia) from the Early Cretaceous of North Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17: 45 - 51." type="journal article" year="1997">Evans and Sigogneau-Russell, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The additional teeth bear strong medial wear facets that were produced by propalinal movements of the lower jaw. Additional teeth are separated by wide spaces; probably no more than one or two teeth are missing posteriorly. Although small teeth are present in the antorbital region, they are more probably abraded additionals than actual hatchling teeth. A slightly larger tooth is occupying the anteriormost preserved tooth position, so there is no clear evidence to consider it as a successional tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |